A device and method for purifying biomass gasification fuel gas

Abstract

The application discloses a biomass gasification fuel gas purification device and method, which comprises a main body and a gas collection area, wherein the gas collection area is arranged at the top end of the main body, the inside of the main body comprises a dust removal filter pipe, an oil storage tank and an oil suction pipe, the dust removal filter pipe is arranged in the inside of the main body in an axial direction, the oil storage tank is arranged in the inside of the dust removal filter pipe, one end of the oil suction pipe is connected with the oil storage tank, and the other end of the oil suction pipe extends to the gas collection area, a fuel gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of the gas collection area, a dust discharging area and a fuel gas inlet are arranged at the bottom of the main body, and the oil storage tank is provided with an oil inlet and outlet. The device can realize dust removal and tar removal in one device, so that the number of equipment is reduced, and the investment cost is saved; the high-temperature-resistant dust removal filter film used can ensure that tar cannot be condensed and coked during the dust removal process; meanwhile, an automatic dust cleaning device is arranged, dust can be automatically cleaned on line, and the continuous and stable operation of the fuel gas purification equipment is ensured; and the tar can be recycled for resource utilization.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of gas purification, and particularly relates to a device and method for purifying biomass gasification fuel gas. BACKGROUND

[0002] Biomass gasification is one of important ways of biomass thermochemical conversion and utilization. Biomass gasification fuel gas can be used for heating, power generation, chemical production, etc. However, the fuel gas contains dust and tar, which can easily cause pipeline blockage and affect the normal operation of equipment, and the waste of tar will reduce the energy utilization efficiency of biomass.

[0003] At present, the purification of biomass gasification fuel gas mainly includes high-temperature cyclone dust removal and tar removal after cooling. The removal of tar mainly includes chemical and physical methods. The chemical removal method is to convert large molecular tar into small molecular gas by catalytic cracking and catalytic reforming, but the process is complex, the investment is large, and the reaction temperature and catalyst are required. The physical method mainly includes wet washing and dry adsorption. The wet washing method mainly uses water to remove tar in the fuel gas, but a large amount of water resources are consumed, and a large amount of waste water and secondary pollution are generated. The dry adsorption method mainly uses activated carbon, foam ceramic and other adsorbents to adsorb tar in the fuel gas, but it is easy to block.

[0004] Patent CN 101225330 B discloses a biomass gasification fuel gas tar removal system. The fuel gas first passes through a high-temperature ceramic filter to remove dust, and then enters a packing separation tower and a distillation separation tower in sequence to remove tar. The system is relatively complex, and there are many devices, and tar is easy to condense and coke at the device connection.

[0005] Patent CN 103265979 B discloses a high-temperature and high-pressure biomass synthesis gas cooling and purification process and equipment. The synthesis gas is cooled by two-stage indirect heat exchange to remove part of heavy tar, and then is cooled by washing liquid to remove most of the dust and tar drops, and finally is dusted and tarred by wet-type electric dust removal. The process is complex, there are many devices, and tar and dust cannot be separated.

[0006] In summary, the existing biomass gasification fuel gas purification device and method have the disadvantages of complex process, many devices, poor separation effect, easy to produce a large amount of waste water, etc. Therefore, a new biomass gasification fuel gas purification device and method need to be developed. SUMMARY

[0007] The technical problem solved by the present application is that the biomass gasification fuel gas purification device and method provided by the present application can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems of the biomass gasification fuel gas purification device and method, such as complex process, many devices, poor separation effect, easy to produce a large amount of waste water, etc.

[0008] Technical solution: In a first aspect, the present application provides a biomass gasification fuel gas purification device, comprising a main body and a gas collection area, the gas collection area is arranged at the top end of the main body, the inside of the main body comprises a dust removal filter pipe, an oil tank and an oil suction pipe, the dust removal filter pipe is arranged in the inside of the main body along the axial direction, the oil tank is arranged in the inside of the dust removal filter pipe, one end of the oil suction pipe is connected with the oil tank, and the other end extends to the gas collection area, the side wall of the gas collection area is provided with a fuel gas outlet, the bottom of the main body is provided with a dust discharge area and a fuel gas inlet, and the oil tank is provided with an oil inlet and outlet.

[0009] Preferably, the dust removal filter pipe is a porous steel pipe, and the outer wall is sleeved with a high-temperature-resistant dust removal filter membrane; the number of the dust removal filter pipes is 4, 6 or 8.

[0010] Further, the material of the high-temperature-resistant dust removal filter membrane is one or several of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyester felt, PET and PP non-woven fabric, and the pore size is 75-150 μm.

[0011] Preferably, the height of the oil liquid surface in the oil tank before operation is one-half of the height of the oil tank.

[0012] Further, the oil in the oil tank is a mixture of one or several of gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and lubricating oil.

[0013] Preferably, the distance from the end face of the end of the oil suction pipe connected with the oil tank to the bottom of the oil tank is one-fourth of the height of the oil tank.

[0014] Preferably, the oil tank is provided with a liquid level monitoring device, the oil tank is connected with the oil inlet and outlet through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with an intelligent valve, and the intelligent valve is connected with the liquid level monitoring device.

[0015] Preferably, the inside of the main body and the inside of the dust removal filter pipe are respectively provided with pressure gauges.

[0016] Preferably, the device further comprises a dust cleaning system, the dust cleaning system comprises a compressed air pipeline, a compressed air nozzle and a dust discharge port, the compressed air pipeline is provided with a compressed air inlet, one end of the compressed air nozzle is in communication with the side wall of the compressed air pipeline, and the other end extends into the dust removal filter pipe, and the dust discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the main body.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for biomass gasification fuel gas purification by using the device of the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1, before the device is operated, one-half of the height of the oil tank is filled with oil into the oil tank through the oil inlet and outlet;

[0019] S2, the gasification fuel gas to be purified is introduced into the device from the gas inlet, and dust removal is carried out in the pipe from the outer wall of the dust removal filter pipe, and the dust-removed gasification fuel gas is obtained, and the speed of the gasification fuel gas to be purified passing through the dust removal filter membrane is 0.5-1 m / s;

[0020] S3, the dust-removed gasification fuel gas enters the oil storage tank and enters the oil suction pipe under the action of pressure, part of the oil in the oil storage tank is pressed into the oil suction pipe, and when the dust-removed gasification fuel gas passes through the oil in the oil storage tank and the oil suction pipe, the tar is adsorbed into the oil, so that the tar is removed, and the purified gasification fuel gas is obtained;

[0021] S4, the purified gasification fuel gas enters the gas collection area and is discharged through the gas outlet;

[0022] S5, when the pressure difference of the pressure gauges in the device main body and the dust removal filter pipe reaches the set value, the ash removal system is automatically started, the pulse compressed air enters the compressed air pipeline from the compressed air inlet, enters the dust removal filter pipe through the compressed air nozzle, blows the dust on the dust removal filter membrane on the surface of the dust removal filter pipe, and falls into the dust discharge area below the device for collection and treatment, and the pressure difference is 150-300 Pa;

[0023] S6, when the oil liquid level of the oil storage tank exceeds three-quarters of the height of the oil storage tank, the intelligent valve is automatically started, and the oil in the oil storage tank is discharged from the oil inlet and outlet for collection; when the oil liquid level reaches one-half of the height of the oil storage tank, the intelligent valve is automatically closed;

[0024] S7, when the front gasification fuel gas stops generating, the intelligent valve is manually opened, and the oil in the oil storage tank is discharged from the oil inlet and outlet.

[0025] Beneficial effects: the device of the application concentrates dust removal and tar removal in one device, greatly shortens the process flow, greatly reduces the number of equipment, and saves investment cost; and because dust removal and tar removal are completed in one device, the connecting pipelines between multiple devices are saved, the occupied area is saved, and dust accumulation and coking in the pipelines are avoided;

[0026] The device of the application uses high-temperature-resistant dust removal filter membrane, which can withstand a temperature of 250 DEG C or above, so that tar will not condense and coke during dust removal; at the same time, the device of the application is provided with an automatic ash removal device, which can automatically remove ash online, and ensures the continuous and stable operation of the fuel gas purification equipment;

[0027] The present invention passes the gasified gas after dust removal by the dust removal filter membrane through an oil solution, and the oil solution is placed in a combined reactor of an oil storage tank and an oil suction pipe, so that the volume of the tar removal equipment is small, the residence time of the tar in the oil solution is long, and the tar removal rate is improved; at the same time, the oil pool below can be used to replenish the oil liquid or collect and discharge the tar in real time to ensure the continuous operation of the device; in addition to removing the tar in the gasified gas, the present invention can also recover the tar for resource utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a biomass gasification fuel gas purification device of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a biomass gasification fuel gas purification device body of the present invention;

[0030] Serial numbers in the figure: 1. Main body, 2. Gas collection area, 3. Dust discharge area, 4. Gas inlet, 5. Gas outlet, 6. Dust filter tube, 7. Compressed air inlet, 8. Compressed air nozzle, 9. Oil storage tank, 10. Oil suction pipe, 11. Oil inlet and outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, a biomass gasification fuel gas purification device includes a main body 1 and a gas collection area 2, the gas collection area 2 is arranged at the top of the main body 1, the main body 1 includes an oil storage tank 9, an oil suction pipe 10 and a dust removal filter pipe 6, the dust removal filter pipe 6 is a porous steel pipe, and the outer wall is covered with a polytetrafluoroethylene film, the dust removal filter pipe 6 is axially arranged inside the main body 1, the oil storage tank 9 is arranged inside the dust removal filter pipe 6, the height of the oil level in the oil storage tank 9 is half of the height of the oil storage tank 9, and one end of the oil suction pipe 10 is connected to the oil storage tank 9. The distance from the end face to the bottom of the oil storage tank 9 is one-fourth of the height of the oil storage tank 9, and the other end extends to the gas collection area 2. The side wall of the gas collection area 2 is provided with a gas outlet 5, and the bottom of the main body 1 is provided with a gas inlet 4. The oil storage tank 9 is provided with an oil inlet and outlet 11. A liquid level monitoring device is provided in the oil storage tank 9. The oil storage tank 9 is connected to the oil inlet and outlet 11 through a pipeline. An intelligent valve is provided on the pipeline. The intelligent valve is connected to the liquid level monitoring device. Pressure gauges are respectively provided inside the main body 1 and inside the dust filter tube 6 for monitoring the pressure.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] like Figs. 1-2As shown, a biomass gasification fuel gas purification device, on the basis of embodiment 1, further comprises a dust removal system, the dust removal system comprises a compressed air pipeline, a compressed air nozzle 8 and a dust discharge port 3, the compressed air pipeline is provided with a compressed air inlet 7, one end of the compressed air nozzle 8 is in communication with the side wall of the compressed air pipeline, and the other end extends into the dust removal filter pipe 6, and the dust discharge port 3 is arranged at the bottom of the main body 1.

[0036] Embodiment 3

[0037] The biomass gasification fuel gas purification method is carried out by using the device of embodiment 2, comprising the following steps:

[0038] S1, before the device is operated, half of the height of the oil storage tank 9 is filled with diesel oil through the oil inlet and outlet 11;

[0039] S2, the biomass gasification fuel gas to be purified is introduced into the device from the gas inlet 4 and is subjected to dust removal by the dust removal filter pipe 6, the dust removal filter pipe 6 is 8, the pore size of the high-temperature dust removal filter membrane is 75 μm, and the speed when passing through the dust removal filter pipe 6 is 0.5 m / s, thereby obtaining the dust-removed gasification fuel gas;

[0040] S3, the dust-removed gasification fuel gas enters the oil storage tank 9 and the oil suction pipe 10, under the action of pressure, part of the oil in the oil storage tank 9 is pressed into the oil suction pipe 10, when the dust-removed gasification fuel gas passes through the oil in the oil storage tank 9 and the oil suction pipe 10, the tar is adsorbed into the oil, thereby removing the tar, and obtaining the purified gasification fuel gas;

[0041] S4, the purified gasification fuel gas enters the gas collection area 2 and is discharged through the gas outlet 5;

[0042] S5, when the pressure difference of the pressure gauges in the device main body 1 and the dust removal filter pipe 6 is 150 Pa, the dust removal system is automatically started, the pulse compressed air enters the compressed air pipeline from the compressed air inlet 7, enters the dust removal filter pipe 6 through the compressed air nozzle 8, blows the dust on the dust removal filter membrane on the surface of the dust removal filter pipe 6, and falls into the dust discharge area 3 below the device for collection and treatment, and the pulse time is 200 ms;

[0043] S6, when the oil liquid level of the oil storage tank 9 exceeds three-quarters of the height of the oil storage tank 9, the intelligent valve is automatically started to discharge the oil in the oil storage tank 9 from the oil inlet and outlet 11 for collection; when the oil liquid level reaches one-half of the height of the oil storage tank 9, the intelligent valve is automatically closed;

[0044] S7, when the front-end gasification fuel gas stops producing, the intelligent valve is manually opened to discharge all the oil in the oil storage tank 9 from the oil inlet and outlet 11. The specific process parameters and results are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1 Process parameters and purification results

[0046]

[0047] From table 1 can be known: the device of the application successfully completes the purification of the biomass gasification fuel gas to be purified, and the purification rate is above 95.6%.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] The method for purifying the biomass gasification fuel gas by using the device of example 2 comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1, before the device is operated, half of the height of the oil tank 9 is filled with gasoline through the oil inlet and outlet 11;

[0051] S2, the biomass gasification fuel gas to be purified is introduced into the device through the gas inlet 4 and is dedusted by the dust removal filter pipe 6, the dust removal filter pipe 6 is 6, the pore size of the high-temperature dust removal filter membrane is 150 μm, and the speed when passing through the dust removal filter pipe 6 is 1 m / s, thereby obtaining the dedusted gasification fuel gas;

[0052] S3, the dedusted gasification fuel gas enters the oil tank 9 and the oil suction pipe 10, under the action of pressure, part of the oil in the oil tank 9 is pressed into the oil suction pipe 10, when the dedusted gasification fuel gas passes through the oil in the oil tank 9 and the oil suction pipe 10, the tar is adsorbed into the oil, thereby removing the tar, and obtaining the purified gasification fuel gas;

[0053] S4, the purified gasification fuel gas enters the gas collection area 2 and is discharged through the gas outlet 5;

[0054] S5, when the pressure difference of the pressure gauges in the device main body 1 and the dust removal filter pipe 6 is 300 Pa, the dust removal system is automatically started, the pulse compressed air enters the compressed air pipeline from the compressed air inlet 7, enters the dust removal filter pipe 6 through the compressed air nozzle 8, blows the dust on the surface of the dust removal filter membrane of the dust removal filter pipe 6, and falls into the dust discharge area 3 below the device for collection and treatment, and the pulse time is 200 ms;

[0055] S6, when the oil liquid level of the oil tank 9 exceeds three-quarters of the height of the oil tank 9, the intelligent valve is automatically started to discharge the oil in the oil tank 9 from the oil inlet and outlet 11 for collection, and when the oil liquid level reaches one-half of the height of the oil tank 9, the intelligent valve is automatically closed;

[0056] S7, when the front gasification fuel gas stops being generated, the intelligent valve is manually opened to discharge all the oil in the oil tank 9 from the oil inlet and outlet 11. The specific process parameters and results are shown in table 2.

[0057] Table 2 Process parameters and purification results

[0058]

[0059] From table 2, it can be seen that the device successfully purifies the biomass gasification fuel gas to be purified, and the purification rate is above 93.4%.

[0060] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A biomass gasification fuel gas purification device, characterized by: The invention comprises a main body (1) and a gas collection area (2), wherein the gas collection area (2) is arranged at the top of the main body (1), and the main body (1) comprises a dust removal filter tube (6), an oil storage tank (9) and an oil suction pipe (10) inside the main body (1), wherein the dust removal filter tube (6) is arranged axially inside the main body (1), and the oil storage tank (9) is arranged inside the dust removal filter tube (6), one end of the oil suction pipe (10) is connected to the oil storage tank (9), and the other end extends to the gas collection area (2), and a gas outlet (5) is provided on the side wall of the gas collection area (2), a dust discharge area (3) and a gas inlet (4) are provided at the bottom of the main body (1), and the oil storage tank (9) is provided with an oil inlet and outlet (11); The dust removal filter tube (6) is a porous steel tube, and the outer wall is covered with a high-temperature resistant dust removal filter membrane; The material of the high temperature resistant dust removal filter membrane is one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyester felt, PET, and PP non-woven fabric, and the pore size is 75-150 μm; The oil in the oil storage tank (9) is one or a mixture of gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and lubricating oil; A liquid level monitoring device is provided in the oil storage tank (9), and the oil storage tank (9) is connected to the oil inlet and outlet (11) via a pipeline. An intelligent valve is provided on the pipeline, and the intelligent valve is connected to the liquid level monitoring device; It also includes a dust cleaning system, which includes a compressed air pipeline, a compressed air nozzle (8) and a dust discharge area (3), wherein the compressed air pipeline is provided with a compressed air inlet (7), one end of the compressed air nozzle (8) is connected to the side wall of the compressed air pipeline, and the other end extends into the dust removal filter tube (6), and the dust discharge area (3) is arranged at the bottom of the main body (1).

2. The biomass gasification fuel gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the dust removal filter tubes (6) is 4, 6 or 8.

3. The biomass gasification fuel gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the oil level in the oil storage tank (9) is half the height of the oil storage tank (9) before operation.

4. The biomass gasification fuel gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the end surface of one end of the oil suction pipe (10) connected to the oil storage tank (9) and the bottom of the oil storage tank (9) is one quarter of the height of the oil storage tank (9).

5. The biomass gasification fuel gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pressure gauges are respectively provided inside the main body (1) and inside the dust removal filter tube (6).

6. A method for purifying biomass gasification fuel gas using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Before the device is put into operation, oil is first added to the oil storage tank (9) to a height of half the oil storage tank (9) through the oil inlet and outlet (11); S2, the biomass gasification gas to be purified is introduced into the device from the gas inlet (4), and enters the dust removal filter tube (6) from the outer wall thereof to remove dust, thereby obtaining the gasified gas after dust removal. The speed of the biomass gasification gas to be purified passing through the dust removal filter membrane is 0.5-1 m / s; S3, the gasified gas after dust removal enters the oil suction pipe (10) through the oil storage tank (9). Under the action of pressure, part of the oil in the oil storage tank (9) is pressed into the oil suction pipe (10). When the gasified gas after dust removal passes through the oil in the oil storage tank (9) and the oil suction pipe (10), tar is adsorbed into the oil, thereby removing the tar and obtaining purified gasified gas; S4, the purified gasified gas enters the gas collection area (2) and is discharged through the gas outlet (5); S5. When the pressure difference between the pressure gauges in the device body (1) and the dust filter tube (6) reaches the set value, the dust cleaning system is automatically started, and pulse compressed air enters the compressed air pipe from the compressed air inlet (7), enters the dust filter tube (6) through the compressed air nozzle (8), and blows the dust on the dust filter membrane on the surface of the dust filter tube (6) down and drops it into the dust discharge area (3) below the device for collection and treatment. The pressure difference is 150~300 Pa; S6. When the oil level in the oil storage tank (9) exceeds three-quarters of the height of the oil storage tank (9), the intelligent valve is automatically activated to discharge the oil in the oil storage tank (9) from the oil inlet and outlet (11) for collection; when the oil level reaches one-half of the height of the oil storage tank (9), the intelligent valve is automatically closed; S7. When the front-end gasification gas stops being generated, the intelligent valve is manually opened to discharge all the oil in the oil storage tank (9) from the oil inlet and outlet (11).

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