Drilling fluid online automatic preparation system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an online automatic drilling fluid preparation system and method, relating to the field of online automatic drilling fluid preparation technology in geological drilling engineering. It includes a feeding unit, a stirring unit, a monitoring unit, and a control unit. The feeding unit is used to add raw materials quantitatively, at a constant rate, sequentially, and at a fixed time. The stirring unit includes a slurry tank, an emulsifying pump, and a stirrer installed in the slurry tank. The inlet of the emulsifying pump is connected to the bottom outlet of the slurry tank, and the outlet of the emulsifying pump is connected to the top inlet of the slurry tank. The outlet of the diaphragm pump is connected to the slurry tank. The monitoring unit is used to monitor the performance of the drilling fluid in the slurry tank. The control unit includes a timing controller, and the controller of the diaphragm pump, each solenoid valve, each frequency converter unloader, and each vibration source are electrically connected to the timing controller. This invention enables online automatic preparation of drilling fluid during drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of online automatic drilling fluid preparation technology in geological drilling engineering, and in particular to an online automatic drilling fluid preparation system and method. Background Technology

[0002] The on-site drilling fluid preparation process typically relies on manual addition of materials, and existing technologies have the following problems:

[0003] 1. The on-site labor intensity is high, and the drilling fluid treatment agents such as dust, caustic soda, and soda ash affect human health and cause serious environmental pollution, which cannot meet the requirements of the on-site QHSE management system;

[0004] 2. Low level of automation, manual batching relies on experience, resulting in low metering accuracy, poor performance of the prepared drilling fluid, waste of raw materials, and inability to meet the needs of drilling while drilling and handling complex situations for rapid preparation of drilling fluid;

[0005] 3. The process is complex, with many equipment configurations, a large footprint, and high system energy consumption. It cannot fully shear the drilling fluid treatment agent, resulting in uneven foaming and coating, which affects the pump pressure of the drilling mud pump and does not meet the on-site energy conservation and emission reduction requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an online automatic drilling fluid preparation system and method to solve the problems existing in the prior art and realize the online automatic preparation of drilling fluid during drilling.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an online automatic drilling fluid preparation system, comprising:

[0008] The feeding unit includes a liquid storage tank, a pulping material storage tank, a treatment agent storage tank, and a weighting agent storage tank, both of which are connected to the inlet of the diaphragm pump and a discharge pipe. Each of the pulping material storage tank, the treatment agent storage tank, and the weighting agent storage tank is equipped with a vibration source and a weighing sensor. Each of the discharge pipes of the pulping material storage tank, the treatment agent storage tank, and the weighting agent storage tank is equipped with a frequency converter and a solenoid valve.

[0009] A mixing unit includes a slurry tank, an emulsifying pump, and a stirrer disposed in the slurry tank. The inlet of the emulsifying pump is connected to the bottom outlet of the slurry tank, and the outlet of the emulsifying pump is connected to the top inlet of the slurry tank. The outlet of the diaphragm pump is connected to the slurry tank.

[0010] The monitoring unit is used to monitor the performance of the drilling fluid in the slurry tank;

[0011] The control unit includes a timing controller, and the controller of the diaphragm pump, each of the solenoid valves, each of the variable frequency unloaders, and each of the excitation sources are electrically connected to the timing controller.

[0012] Preferably, the properties of the drilling fluid include density, viscosity, water loss, mud cake mass, pH, solid content, and sand content; the monitoring unit is also used to monitor the calcium and magnesium salt ion concentration of the drilling fluid; the monitoring unit includes a density sensor, a viscosity sensor, a water loss meter, a mud cake mass meter, a pH meter, a solid content meter, a sand content meter, and a calcium and magnesium salt ion concentration sensor.

[0013] Preferably, the excitation source is a vibration hammer or a vibration motor.

[0014] Preferably, a check valve and a mass flow meter are installed on the pipeline between the diaphragm pump and the slurry tank.

[0015] Preferably, an upper liquid level sensor is provided at the top of the liquid storage tank, and a lower liquid level sensor is provided at the bottom of the liquid storage tank.

[0016] Preferably, the control unit further includes a host computer, and the timing controller is signal-connected to the host computer; the host computer is equipped with an online centralized control system, which can control the opening and closing of the diaphragm pump, the emulsifying pump, the agitator, each of the vibration sources, each of the frequency converters, and each of the solenoid valves through the timing controller; the weighing sensor, the mass flow meter, and each instrument and sensor in the monitoring unit are respectively signal-connected to the host computer; the drilling fluid performance indicators include density, viscosity, water loss, mud cake mass, pH, solid content, and sand content;

[0017] The online centralized control system includes a drilling fluid expert system. This system uses artificial intelligence fuzzy logic reasoning technology to determine the required drilling fluid performance indicators and formulation based on on-site formation characteristics, drilling techniques, and the drilling fluid system in an expert knowledge base. The drilling fluid formulation includes the drilling fluid preparation process, the configuration of treatment agents, and the configuration of weighting agents. The drilling fluid performance indicators include density, viscosity, water loss, mud cake mass, pH, solids content, and sand content.

[0018] The drilling fluid expert system can compare and analyze the performance parameters of the drilling fluid in the mixing tank monitored by the monitoring unit with the required drilling fluid performance parameters. It can also adjust the drilling fluid formula based on the results of the comparison and analysis and save the adjusted drilling fluid formula.

[0019] Preferably, the host computer is wirelessly connected to the remote control terminal via a 4G or 5G network, and the host computer can be remotely controlled via the remote control terminal, which is a computer or a mobile phone; the host computer is equipped with a touch screen.

[0020] Preferably, the liquid storage tank is used to store water or pre-prepared base slurry.

[0021] This invention also provides a method for online automatic preparation of drilling fluid while drilling, comprising the following steps:

[0022] (1) Input the field formation characteristics and drilling construction technology into the drilling fluid expert system of the host computer. The drilling fluid expert system in the host computer determines the required drilling fluid performance indicators and drilling fluid formula by using artificial intelligence fuzzy logic reasoning technology based on the field formation characteristics, drilling construction technology and drilling fluid system in the expert experience knowledge base. The drilling fluid formula includes the drilling fluid preparation process, the preparation of treatment agent and the preparation of weighting agent.

[0023] (2) The online centralized control system of the host computer controls the feeding unit to add raw materials in a timely, quantitative, sequential and speed manner according to the drilling fluid formula through the timing controller. The added raw materials are pumped into the slurry tank under the action of the diaphragm pump.

[0024] (3) In the slurry tank, various raw materials are mixed, stirred, dispersed and repeatedly sheared by the emulsification pump to become drilling fluid. The performance of the drilling fluid in the slurry tank is monitored in real time by the monitoring unit.

[0025] (4) The drilling fluid expert system compares and analyzes the performance parameters of the drilling fluid in the slurry tank monitored by the monitoring unit with the required drilling fluid performance parameters, adjusts the drilling fluid formula based on the results of the comparison and analysis, and saves the adjusted drilling fluid formula.

[0026] (5) The online centralized control system of the host computer controls the feeding unit to add raw materials in a timely, quantitative, sequential and speed manner according to the adjusted drilling fluid formula through the timing controller. The added raw materials are pumped into the slurry tank under the action of the diaphragm pump.

[0027] (6) Repeat steps (3)-(5) until the properties of the drilling fluid in the slurry tank are the same as the required drilling fluid performance indicators;

[0028] (7) Pump the drilling fluid in the slurry tank into the well for recycling.

[0029] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0030] The drilling fluid online automatic preparation system and method of the present invention can determine the drilling fluid performance indicators and drilling fluid formula according to the on-site formation characteristics and drilling construction technology, realizing the online automatic preparation of drilling fluid during drilling.

[0031] The drilling fluid online automatic preparation system of the present invention is delivered through a closed pipeline during the preparation process, and the power is provided by a diaphragm pump. There is no risk of dust leakage, and the treatment agent will not be affected by moisture or other external contamination. At the same time, it reduces the impact of dust and corrosive treatment agents such as caustic soda and soda ash on human health and environmental pollution, and meets the QHSE requirements on site.

[0032] The automated preparation system, consisting of a feeding unit and a mixing unit, has a simple process flow.

[0033] The power source uses an intelligent pneumatic diaphragm pump, integrating negative and positive pressure pneumatic conveying. It has a small size and footprint, and is equipped with an electronic interface and controller to provide real-time feedback on the pump's operating status, ensuring precise control of flow rate and conveying process. The integrated PLC enables online centralized control. It has strong adaptability to conveyed materials and is suitable for high-viscosity liquids, powders, and large particles such as weighted plugging agents, enabling rapid conveying over ultra-long distances. It meets the needs of timely and rapid preparation of drilling fluid in complex situations such as well leakage, well kick, and well blowout. It requires no motor, reducing on-site power consumption and saving costs. It can be used in oil and gas, unconventional oil and gas, and other environments with high environmental requirements, achieving safety, high efficiency, and energy saving.

[0034] With a high degree of automation, the process of conveying the drilling fluid uses a combination of frequency converters, weighing sensors, mass flow meters, and timing controllers. Based on the physical and chemical properties of the treatment agents, and in order of dispersion, thickening, and viscosity enhancement, the materials are added automatically, accurately, and in a fixed rate and quantity. This ensures that the drilling fluid materials are fully pre-hydrated, stirred, and dissolved, reducing the impact of external factors such as human factors and the environment on the performance and quality of the drilling fluid.

[0035] By combining a variable frequency stirring dispersion tank (slurry tank) with a high-shear emulsification pump, drilling fluid treatment agents can be efficiently, quickly, and uniformly dispersed and emulsified through high-frequency circulation and repeated high-shear processes, reducing foaming and coating, and improving drilling fluid stability.

[0036] The system employs online monitoring of drilling fluid properties such as density, viscosity, water loss, mud cake quality, pH, solids content, and sand content, as well as the concentration of calcium and magnesium salt ions in the filtrate, with real-time feedback. This reduces errors from manual measurement, improves timeliness, meets the performance requirements of drilling fluid formulation in drilling processes, and can promptly prevent damage to the drilling fluid from calcium, magnesium, and salts in the formation.

[0037] The host computer has a built-in drilling fluid expert system. The host computer adopts human-computer interaction / touch interface and can adjust the drilling fluid compatibility in real time, such as the configuration of drilling fluid treatment agents and weighting agents, configuration process and performance indicators, in combination with the on-site formation characteristics and drilling construction technology. It can also automatically save the information to the drilling fluid expert system for reference by surrounding blocks or similar formation characteristics and drilling technology.

[0038] The system integrates IoT and 4G / 5G technologies, enabling real-time monitoring and control on-site, in the driller's cabin, or via a remote APP terminal. Attached Figure Description

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling fluid online automatic preparation system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the online automatic drilling fluid preparation method of the present invention;

[0042] The components include: 1. Liquid storage tank; 2. Slurry material storage tank; 3. Treatment agent storage tank; 4. Weighting agent storage tank; 5. Diaphragm pump; 6. Slurry tank; 7. Monitoring unit; 8. Control unit; 9. Agitator; 10. Emulsifying pump; 11. Vibration source; 12. Weighing sensor; 13. Variable frequency unloader; 14. Solenoid valve; 15. Upper liquid level sensor; 16. Lower liquid level sensor; 17. Mass flow meter; and 18. Check valve. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The purpose of this invention is to provide an online automatic drilling fluid preparation system and method to solve the problems existing in the prior art and realize the online automatic preparation of drilling fluid during drilling.

[0045] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides an online automatic drilling fluid preparation system, including a feeding unit, a stirring unit, a monitoring unit 7, and a control unit 8.

[0048] The feeding unit includes a liquid storage tank 1, a pulping material storage tank 2, a treatment agent storage tank 3, and a weighting agent storage tank 4, all connected to the inlet of the diaphragm pump 5 and the discharge pipe of the diaphragm pump 5. Specifically, the discharge pipes of the liquid storage tank 1, the pulping material storage tank 2, the treatment agent storage tank 3, and the weighting agent storage tank 4 are all connected to the inlet of the diaphragm pump 5. Each of the pulping material storage tank 2, the treatment agent storage tank 3, and the weighting agent storage tank 4 is equipped with a vibration source 11 and a weighing sensor 12. Each of the discharge pipes of the pulping material storage tank 2, the treatment agent storage tank 3, and the weighting agent storage tank 4 is equipped with a frequency converter unloader 13 and a solenoid valve 14. The discharge pipe of the liquid storage tank 1 is equipped with a solenoid valve 14. The liquid storage tank 1 is used to store water or pre-prepared base slurry.

[0049] The excitation source 11 uses an excitation hammer or an excitation motor. When the excitation source 11 is working, it helps the material inside the tank to fall, especially the material with adhesive force that is attached to the inner wall of the tank, thus improving the emptying rate of the tank.

[0050] The installation of weighing sensors 12 in the pulping material storage tank 2, the treatment agent storage tank 3, and the weighting agent storage tank 4 facilitates the quantitative conveying of materials in each tank. The conveying of the frequency converter unloader 13 is used to achieve constant speed conveying. The installation of solenoid valve 14 is to achieve automatic control of the feeding and conveying of each material, and to achieve sequential conveying of each material in combination with the timing controller.

[0051] In this embodiment, the diaphragm pump 5 is an intelligent pneumatic diaphragm pump, integrating negative and positive pressure pneumatic conveying. It has a small size and footprint, and is equipped with an electronic interface and controller to provide real-time feedback on the pump's operating status, ensuring precise control of flow rate and conveying process. The integrated PLC enables online centralized control. It is highly adaptable to conveyed materials, suitable for high-viscosity liquids, powders, and large particles such as weighted plugging agents, allowing for rapid long-distance conveying. It meets the needs of timely and rapid drilling fluid preparation in complex situations such as well leakage, well kicks, and blowouts. It requires no motor, eliminating the risk of motor short circuits due to liquid leakage, thus improving safety. It also reduces on-site power consumption, saving costs. It can be used in environments with high requirements, such as oil and gas and unconventional oil and gas environments, achieving safety, high efficiency, and energy saving. The diaphragm pump 5 provides conveying power through pipelines, eliminating the risk of dust leakage and preventing the treatment agent from being contaminated by moisture or other external factors. This also reduces the impact of dust and corrosive treatment agents such as caustic soda and soda ash on human health and environmental pollution, meeting on-site QHSE requirements.

[0052] A check valve 18 and a mass flow meter 17 are installed on the pipeline between the diaphragm pump 5 and the slurry tank 6. The check valve 18 is used to prevent material backflow, and the mass flow meter 17 is used to monitor the material quality. An upper liquid level sensor 15 is installed at the top of the liquid storage tank 1, and a lower liquid level sensor 16 is installed at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 1.

[0053] The mixing unit includes a slurry tank 6, an emulsifying pump 10, and a stirrer 9 installed in the slurry tank 6. The inlet of the emulsifying pump 10 is connected to the bottom outlet of the slurry tank 6, and the outlet of the emulsifying pump 10 is connected to the top inlet of the slurry tank 6. The outlet of the diaphragm pump 5 is connected to the slurry tank 6. The outlet of the emulsifying pump 10 is equipped with a tee. The first port of the tee is connected to the outlet of the emulsifying pump 10, the second port is connected to the top inlet of the slurry tank 6, and the third port of the tee is equipped with a solenoid valve 14. The third port of the tee serves as the outlet for discharging drilling fluid. The prepared drilling fluid is recycled from the third port of the tee.

[0054] Emulsifying pump 10 is a high-efficiency mixing and emulsifying device that integrates mixing, dispersion, crushing, dissolving, refining, depolymerization, homogenization, and emulsification. The slurry tank 6 is a variable frequency stirring and dispersing tank. Combined with the high-shear emulsifying pump, the slurry tank 6, through high-frequency circulation and repeated high-shear processes, can efficiently, quickly, and uniformly disperse and emulsify drilling fluid treatment agents, reducing foaming and coating, and improving drilling fluid stability.

[0055] The monitoring unit 7 is used to monitor the properties of the drilling fluid in the slurry tank 6. The properties of the drilling fluid include density, viscosity, water loss, mud cake quality, pH, solid content, and sand content. The monitoring unit 7 is also used to monitor the calcium and magnesium salt ion concentration of the drilling fluid. The monitoring unit 7 includes a density sensor, a viscosity sensor, a water loss meter, a mud cake quality meter, a pH meter, a solid content meter, a sand content meter, and a calcium and magnesium salt ion concentration sensor.

[0056] The control unit 8 includes a timing controller and a host computer. The controller of the diaphragm pump 5, each solenoid valve 14, each variable frequency discharger 13, and each excitation source 11 are all electrically connected to the timing controller. The timing controller, the weighing sensor 12, the mass flow meter 17, the upper liquid level sensor 15, the lower liquid level sensor 16, the emulsifying pump 10, and each instrument and sensor in the monitoring unit 7 are all signal connected to the host computer.

[0057] The host computer is equipped with an online centralized control system, which can control the opening and closing of the diaphragm pump 5, emulsifying pump 10, agitator 9, various excitation sources 11, various frequency converters 13 and various solenoid valves 14 through a timing controller.

[0058] The online centralized control system includes a drilling fluid expert system. This system uses artificial intelligence fuzzy logic reasoning technology to determine the required drilling fluid performance indicators and formulation based on on-site formation characteristics, drilling techniques, and the drilling fluid system in an expert knowledge base. The drilling fluid formulation includes the drilling fluid preparation process, the configuration of treatment agents, and the configuration of weighting agents. The drilling fluid performance indicators include density, viscosity, fluid loss, mud cake quality, pH, solids content, and sand content.

[0059] The drilling fluid expert system is an intelligent computer program system containing a drilling fluid system from an expert experience knowledge base. It can apply artificial intelligence and computer technology to reason and make judgments based on the knowledge and experience in the system, simulating the decision-making process of human experts in order to solve complex problems that require human experts to handle.

[0060] The drilling fluid expert system can compare and analyze the performance parameters of the drilling fluid in the mixing tank monitored by the monitoring unit with the required drilling fluid performance parameters. The comparison and analysis calculation mainly relies on algorithms. The drilling fluid expert system can also automatically adjust the drilling fluid formula based on the results of the comparison and analysis calculation. It should be noted that how to adjust the drilling fluid formula based on the results of the comparison and analysis calculation requires technicians to pre-write the program of the drilling fluid expert system or use the algorithm. The drilling fluid expert system automatically obtains the corresponding adjustment results based on the comparison and analysis calculation results according to the pre-written program or algorithm, thus obtaining the adjusted drilling fluid formula. The drilling fluid expert system can also automatically save the adjusted drilling fluid formula for reference by surrounding blocks or similar formation characteristics and drilling processes.

[0061] The online centralized control system can control the feeding unit to add different raw materials at a fixed time, quantity, sequence, and speed based on the drilling fluid formula determined by the drilling fluid expert system through a timing controller. It boasts a high degree of automation. During the conveying process, a combination of frequency converters, weighing sensors, mass flow meters, and timing controllers is used. Based on the physical and chemical properties of the treatment agents, and following the order of dispersion, thickening, and viscosity enhancement, the system can automatically and accurately control the drilling fluid materials at a fixed speed, quantity, and sequence. This ensures that the drilling fluid materials are fully pre-hydrated, stirred, and dissolved, reducing the impact of external factors such as human error and the environment on the performance and quality of the drilling fluid.

[0062] The host computer wirelessly communicates with the remote control terminal via a 4G, 5G, or IoT network. Operators, including drilling fluid experts, can control the online centralized control system and drilling fluid expert system on the host computer through the remote control terminal. After receiving feedback signals from various sensors and instruments in the monitoring units, the host computer displays the values ​​of each received feedback signal on its screen and transmits these values ​​to the drilling fluid expert system. The drilling fluid expert system then adjusts the proportions of various raw materials and the preparation process of the drilling fluid based on the comparison between the values ​​of each feedback signal and the required drilling fluid performance indicators. The remote control terminal can be a computer, mobile phone, tablet, etc. Operators can remotely control the host computer through the remote control terminal.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a method for online automatic preparation of drilling fluid while drilling, including the following steps:

[0065] (1) Input the field formation characteristics and drilling construction technology into the drilling fluid expert system of the host computer. The drilling fluid expert system in the host computer determines the required drilling fluid performance indicators and drilling fluid formula by using artificial intelligence fuzzy logic reasoning technology based on the field formation characteristics, drilling construction technology and drilling fluid system in the expert experience knowledge base. The drilling fluid formula includes the drilling fluid preparation process, the preparation of treatment agent and the preparation of weighting agent.

[0066] (2) The online centralized control system of the host computer controls the feeding unit to add raw materials in a timely, quantitative, sequential and speed manner according to the drilling fluid formula through the timing controller. Under the action of the diaphragm pump 5, the added raw materials are pumped into the slurry tank 6.

[0067] (3) In the slurry tank 6, various raw materials are mixed, stirred, dispersed and repeatedly sheared by the emulsification pump to become drilling fluid. The performance of the drilling fluid in the slurry tank 6 is monitored in real time by the monitoring unit 7.

[0068] (4) The drilling fluid expert system compares and analyzes the performance parameters of the drilling fluid in the slurry tank 6 monitored by the monitoring unit 7 with the drilling fluid performance parameters to be obtained in step (1), and adjusts the drilling fluid formula according to the results of the comparison and analysis, and saves the adjusted drilling fluid formula.

[0069] (5) The online centralized control system of the host computer controls the feeding unit to add raw materials in a timely, quantitative, sequential and speed manner according to the adjusted drilling fluid formula through the timing controller. Under the action of the diaphragm pump 5, the added raw materials are pumped into the slurry tank 6.

[0070] (6) Repeat steps (3)-(5) until the properties of the drilling fluid in the slurry tank 6 are the same as the required drilling fluid properties determined in step (1).

[0071] (7) Pump the drilling fluid in the slurry tank 6 into the well for recycling.

[0072] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A drilling fluid online automatic preparation system, characterized in that, include: The feeding unit includes a liquid storage tank, a pulping material storage tank, a treatment agent storage tank, and a weighting agent storage tank, both of which are connected to the inlet of the diaphragm pump and a discharge pipe. Each of the pulping material storage tank, the treatment agent storage tank, and the weighting agent storage tank is equipped with a vibration source and a weighing sensor. Each of the discharge pipes of the pulping material storage tank, the treatment agent storage tank, and the weighting agent storage tank is equipped with a frequency converter and a solenoid valve. A mixing unit includes a slurry tank, an emulsifying pump, and a stirrer disposed in the slurry tank. The inlet of the emulsifying pump is connected to the bottom outlet of the slurry tank, and the outlet of the emulsifying pump is connected to the top inlet of the slurry tank. The outlet of the diaphragm pump is connected to the slurry tank. The monitoring unit is used to monitor the properties of the drilling fluid and the concentration of calcium and magnesium salt ions in the slurry tank. The monitoring unit includes a density sensor, a viscosity sensor, a water loss meter, a mud cake mass meter, a pH meter, a solid content meter, a sand content meter, and a calcium and magnesium salt ion concentration sensor. The properties of the drilling fluid include density, viscosity, water loss, mud cake mass, pH, solid content, and sand content. The control unit includes a timing controller and a host computer. The controller of the diaphragm pump, each of the solenoid valves, each of the frequency converters, and each of the vibration sources are electrically connected to the timing controller. The host computer has a built-in online centralized control system, which includes a drilling fluid expert system. The drilling fluid expert system is used to determine the required drilling fluid performance indicators and drilling fluid formula based on the on-site formation characteristics, drilling construction technology, and drilling fluid systems in the expert experience knowledge base, using artificial intelligence fuzzy logic reasoning technology. The drilling fluid expert system can compare and analyze the performance parameters of the drilling fluid in the slurry tank monitored by the monitoring unit with the required drilling fluid performance parameters. It can also adjust the drilling fluid formula based on the results of the comparison and analysis calculation and save the adjusted drilling fluid formula. The host computer is wirelessly connected to a remote control terminal via a 4G or 5G network. The host computer can be remotely controlled via the remote control terminal, which can be a computer or a mobile phone. The host computer is equipped with a touch screen.

2. The drilling fluid online automatic preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation source is either a vibratory hammer or a vibratory motor.

3. The drilling fluid online automatic preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A check valve and a mass flow meter are installed on the pipeline between the diaphragm pump and the slurry tank.

4. The drilling fluid online automatic preparation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid storage tank is equipped with an upper liquid level sensor at the top and a lower liquid level sensor at the bottom.

5. The drilling fluid online automatic preparation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The timing controller is connected to the host computer via signal; the online centralized control system can control the opening and closing of the diaphragm pump, the emulsifying pump, the agitator, each of the vibration sources, each of the frequency converters and the solenoid valves via the timing controller; the weighing sensor, the mass flow meter and each instrument and sensor in the monitoring unit are respectively connected to the host computer via signal.

6. The drilling fluid online automatic preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid storage tank is used to store water or pre-prepared base slurry.

7. A method for online automatic preparation of drilling fluid while drilling, characterized in that, The drilling fluid online automatic preparation system according to any one of claims 1-6 includes the following steps: (1) Input the field formation characteristics and drilling construction technology into the drilling fluid expert system of the host computer. The drilling fluid expert system in the host computer determines the required drilling fluid performance indicators and drilling fluid formula by using artificial intelligence fuzzy logic reasoning technology based on the field formation characteristics, drilling construction technology and drilling fluid system in the expert experience knowledge base. The drilling fluid formula includes the drilling fluid preparation process, the preparation of treatment agent and the preparation of weighting agent. (2) The online centralized control system of the host computer controls the feeding unit to add raw materials in a timely, quantitative, sequential and speed manner according to the drilling fluid formula through the timing controller. The added raw materials are pumped into the slurry tank under the action of the diaphragm pump. (3) In the slurry tank, various raw materials are mixed, stirred, dispersed and repeatedly sheared by the emulsification pump to become drilling fluid. The performance of the drilling fluid in the slurry tank is monitored in real time by the monitoring unit. (4) The drilling fluid expert system compares and analyzes the performance parameters of the drilling fluid in the slurry tank monitored by the monitoring unit with the required drilling fluid performance parameters, adjusts the drilling fluid formula based on the results of the comparison and analysis, and saves the adjusted drilling fluid formula. (5) The online centralized control system of the host computer controls the feeding unit to add raw materials in a timely, quantitative, sequential and speed manner according to the adjusted drilling fluid formula through the timing controller. The added raw materials are pumped into the slurry tank under the action of the diaphragm pump. (6) Repeat steps (3)-(5) until the properties of the drilling fluid in the slurry tank are the same as the required drilling fluid performance indicators; (7) Pump the drilling fluid in the slurry tank into the well for recycling.

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