Multi-stage thermal storage carbonization device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of thermal storage and discloses a multi-stage thermal storage carbonization device. The device includes an insulation layer, a heating chamber formed by the insulation layer, and a furnace tube disposed within the heating chamber. It also includes at least two sets of multi-stage thermal storage chambers connected in series, each consisting of N thermal storage chambers with progressively increasing temperatures. At least one set is used for progressively heating the furnace tube, and at least one set is used for progressively storing residual heat that cannot be further increased in temperature due to thermal equilibrium. This multi-stage thermal storage carbonization device, by connecting multiple thermal storage chambers with progressively increasing temperatures in series, achieves cascaded utilization of heat, efficient heat recovery, and can fully utilize fluctuating clean energy sources as the energy source for the carbonization device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal energy storage, and more specifically to a multi-stage thermal energy storage carbonization device. Background Technology

[0002] Carbonization furnaces are high-energy-consuming devices, consuming a large amount of energy and generating significant CO2 emissions during the carbonization process, which is detrimental to environmental protection. Traditional energy-saving methods for carbonization furnaces are limited to heat recovery and heating the furnace through heat generated from side reactions. For example, CN103409147A uses the heat generated by the byproducts produced during carbonization as fuel, introducing this heat into the carbonization furnace through a preheating pipe to reduce energy consumption. However, its application is limited to the carbonization process of products that produce combustible byproducts. CN105658767A adds an externally heated carbonization furnace to the traditional carbonization furnace, handling heat-generating reactions in the externally heated furnace, and using the generated heat as heat for the internal carbonization furnace, thereby reducing energy consumption. However, its application is also limited by product restrictions. CN106167926A uses inert gas to recover sample heat for reuse, but this method has low heat recovery efficiency. Using renewable energy sources in the carbonization process can effectively reduce CO2 emissions; for example, wind power and photovoltaic power are renewable energy sources. However, using these energy sources as the energy source for carbonization furnaces cannot guarantee the stable operation of the carbonization device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a multi-stage thermal storage carbonization device. The heat recovery of this device is not limited by the product and can achieve tiered utilization and efficient recovery of heat.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multi-stage thermal storage carbonization device, including an insulation layer, a heating chamber formed by the insulation layer, and a furnace tube disposed in the heating chamber. It also includes at least two sets of multi-stage thermal storage chamber series connected end to end, which are N thermal storage chambers with progressively increasing temperature values. At least one set is used to heat the furnace tube step by step, and at least one set is used to store the residual heat that cannot be further heated by thermal equilibrium.

[0005] Preferably, a gas distributor is provided inside the heating chamber to ensure that the furnace tube is heated evenly.

[0006] Preferably, a three-way regulating valve is provided between two adjacent heat storage chambers, and a gas guide pipe is provided inside the insulation layer. The gas guide pipe is provided with an air inlet and at least one air outlet that are connected to the remaining interface of the three-way regulating valve. The air outlet is connected to the gas distributor.

[0007] Preferably, the heat storage chamber with the lowest temperature in the two sets of multi-stage heat storage chambers connected in series is connected to the fan.

[0008] Preferably, the fan can be reversed, so that the functions of the multi-stage thermal storage chamber series group for staged heating and the multi-stage thermal storage chamber series group for staged thermal storage can be interchanged.

[0009] Preferably, N≧2, and more preferably 3-5.

[0010] Preferably, each of the heat storage chambers is filled with a heat storage body with a different specific heat capacity, and the heat storage body is one or more of solid heat storage, molten salt high-temperature phase change heat storage materials.

[0011] Preferably, the multi-stage heat storage chamber series group for heat storage and the multi-stage heat storage chamber series group for heat release are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the insulation layer.

[0012] Preferably, the series arrangement of the heat storage chambers in each group of multi-stage heat storage chambers includes at least one of the following forms:

[0013] Form 1: The heat storage chambers are arranged in a nested manner;

[0014] Form 2: The heat storage chambers are arranged horizontally or stacked along the height direction;

[0015] Form 3: The heat storage chambers are arranged around the outer contour of the insulation layer.

[0016] Preferably, each of the heat storage chambers is further provided with a heat exchanger for allowing heat to flow out to heat the furnace tubes or flow into the heat storage chamber for storage.

[0017] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: In one embodiment of the prior art, a conventional electric heating carbonization device is used, which generally consumes peak electricity with high electricity prices and there is a risk that the electricity consumption cannot meet the demand; the present invention can use off-peak electricity with low prices at night for heat storage, so that sufficient heat can be provided during peak electricity consumption during the day.

[0018] Furthermore, this invention also includes a heat storage chamber for simultaneous heat storage, which can store the waste heat that has reached thermal equilibrium with the furnace tubes, achieving efficient recovery and utilization, and reducing energy loss. In one embodiment of the prior art, conventional electric heating carbonization devices need to convert electrical energy into heat energy and then transfer heat to raise the temperature to a certain value. To meet the rapid heating requirements of the carbonization device, the electric heating power needs to be very high. However, this invention directly stores heat energy in the form of thermal energy and directly supplies high-temperature heat during heating, resulting in a faster heat conversion rate and a higher heating rate.

[0019] Because this invention includes a thermal storage chamber for energy storage, the energy source of this invention is not limited to electricity, but can also use unstable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics as the energy source for the carbonization device, making it green, environmentally friendly, and renewable. This invention combines the thermal storage chamber with the carbonization device, and raises the temperature of the carbonization device in stages by connecting multiple thermal storage chambers with progressively increasing temperatures in series, avoiding defects caused by the temperature of the carbonized material rising too quickly. Furthermore, by reversing the fan, the thermal storage chamber used for heat storage can be used for heat release during the next heating, reducing the energy consumption of the next heating and saving production costs.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the multi-stage thermal storage carbonization device of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0023] 1. Fan; 2. Multi-stage heat storage chamber series group; 21. Heat storage chamber; 22. Three-way regulating valve; 3. Heat exchanger; 4. Furnace tube; 5. Gas distributor; 6. Insulation layer; 61. Air inlet; 62. Air outlet; 7. Heating chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following combination Figure 1 Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are generally understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the orientation shown in actual application. "Inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer sides relative to the outline of each component itself, and the carbonization preset temperature value refers to the temperature value required to carbonize the raw materials to be carbonized.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-stage thermal storage carbonization device, including an insulation layer 6, a heating chamber 7 formed by the insulation layer 6, and a furnace tube 4 disposed in the heating chamber 7. It also includes at least two sets of multi-stage thermal storage chamber series groups 2, which are formed by connecting N thermal storage chambers 21 with progressively increasing temperature values ​​end to end. At least one set is used to heat the furnace tube 4 step by step, and at least one set is used to store the residual heat that cannot be further heated by thermal balance.

[0027] It should be noted that in this invention, when the heat stored in the heat storage chamber 21 is used for high-temperature carbonization, as the furnace tube 4 heats up, the heat storage chamber 21 and the furnace tube 4 will reach thermal equilibrium. For example, when the furnace tube 4 heats up to 900°C, the overall temperature of the heat storage chamber 21 needs to be higher than 900°C, which means that the heat at 900°C cannot be used after reaching thermal equilibrium. This invention sets up at least two sets of multi-stage heat storage chamber series groups 2, which are composed of multiple heat storage chambers 21 with progressively increasing temperatures connected end to end. Through the fan 1, on the one hand, the heat flowing through the heating chamber 7 and reaching thermal equilibrium due to heating the furnace tube 4 is introduced into another set of multi-stage heat storage chamber series groups 2 for heat storage, and stored step by step. At the same time, on the other hand, the heat of the heat storage chamber 21 in the multi-stage heat storage chamber series group 2 that cannot heat the furnace tube 4 due to reaching thermal equilibrium is introduced into the next heat storage chamber 21 with a higher temperature to continue heating. Moreover, the functions of the multi-stage heat storage chamber series groups 2 for heat storage and heat release can be interchanged (i.e., multi-stage heat storage for heating). The multi-stage heat storage chamber series group 2 can also be used for heat storage, and the multi-stage heat storage chamber series group 2 used for heat storage can also be used for heating. Through the above structure, the present invention can achieve intermittent operation and staged heating, avoiding the quality defects of carbonized materials caused by excessively rapid heating and the waste of low-temperature heat when using a single heat storage chamber 21. Moreover, heat is stored stagedly while heating, realizing efficient heat recovery and utilization. The staged heating process is equivalent to a preheating process. Compared with the existing technology of arranging a preheating device before the carbonization process, the present invention directly realizes preheating in the carbonization furnace tube 4, saving equipment floor space and improving production efficiency.

[0028] To further improve the uniformity of heat exchange between the heat storage chamber 21 and the furnace tube 4, a gas distributor 5 is provided in the heating chamber 7. The gas distributor 5 can make the heat fill the heating chamber evenly, increase the contact area with the furnace tube 4, and improve the heating efficiency and heating quality.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1As shown, a three-way regulating valve 22 is provided between two adjacent heat storage chambers 21. A gas guide pipe is provided inside the insulation layer 6. The gas guide pipe is provided with an air inlet 61 and at least one air outlet 62 connected to the remaining interface of the three-way regulating valve 22. The air outlet 62 is connected to the gas distributor 5. It should be noted that the three-way regulating valve 22 can maintain only one heat path. For example, when the heat from heat storage chamber I flows into the heating chamber 7 to perform primary heating of the furnace tube 4, the three-way regulating valve 22 between heat storage chambers I and II is not connected. When heat storage chamber I and furnace tube 4 reach thermal equilibrium, the three-way regulating valve 22 connects heat storage chambers I and II, so that the heat that has reached thermal equilibrium flows into heat storage chamber II, which has a higher temperature, to continue heating. At this time, heat storage chamber I is not connected to the heating chamber 7, and heat storage chamber II performs secondary heating of the furnace tube 4. This process is repeated by adjusting the three-way regulating valve 22 at the corresponding positions to achieve stepped heating of the furnace tube 4 and intermittent operation of the heat storage chambers 21.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the heat storage chamber 21 with the lowest temperature in the two sets of multi-stage heat storage chambers connected in series 2 is connected to the fan 1. Of course, the fan 1 can provide driving force for the flow of heat, and the location of the fan 1 is not limited to... Figure 1 As shown, it can be placed at any location on the heat path.

[0031] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fan 1 can be reversed, allowing the functions of the multi-stage heat storage chamber series group 2 for staged heating and the multi-stage heat storage chamber series group 2 for staged heat storage to be interchanged. It is understood that the connection relationships of the internal pipes of the multi-stage heat storage chamber group 2 for heating and heat storage, and the connection relationships of the heat storage chamber 21 it contains with other structures of the multi-stage heat storage carbonization device (such as: insulation layer 6, heating chamber 7, gas distributor 5, heat exchanger 3) are the same. This provides the premise for reversing the fan 1 to achieve the interchange of heating and heat storage functions. By reversing the fan 1, when the furnace tube 4 is heated next time, the heat storage chamber group consumes less energy to reach the required heating temperature, efficiently recovering unusable heat and saving energy.

[0032] According to one embodiment of the present invention, N≧2, preferably 3-5. The appropriate number of heat storage chambers 21 can reduce heat loss during the transfer process and improve heating efficiency when the furnace tube 4 is heated in stages.

[0033] In order to make the heat storage chambers 21 in the multi-stage heat storage series group 2 have progressively increasing temperatures, each heat storage chamber 21 is filled with a heat storage body with a different specific heat capacity. The heat storage body is one or more of solid heat storage, molten salt high-temperature phase change heat storage materials. Since this device utilizes the heat of the heat storage body in a stepped manner, it is not necessary for the temperature of all heat storage bodies to exceed the temperature when the material to be carbonized is carbonized. The heat storage body is widely available and can be selected according to different operating conditions.

[0034] In this invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, in order to minimize heat loss during the transfer process and to make the multi-stage thermal storage carbonization device have a compact structure, the multi-stage thermal storage chamber series group 2 for heat storage and the multi-stage thermal storage chamber series group 2 for heat release are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the insulation layer 6.

[0035] In addition, based on the spatial structure of the production site, the arrangement of the heat storage chambers 21 can be adjusted accordingly while ensuring the connection relationship between them. The series arrangement of the heat storage chambers 21 in each group of the multi-stage heat storage chamber series group 2 includes at least one of the following forms:

[0036] Form 1: The heat storage chambers 21 are arranged in a nested manner;

[0037] Form 2: The heat storage chambers 21 are arranged horizontally or stacked along the height direction;

[0038] Form 3: The heat storage chambers 21 are arranged around the outer contour of the insulation layer.

[0039] It should be noted that, in order to prevent the heat storage particles from clogging the pipes, each heat storage chamber is also equipped with a heat exchanger 3, which is used to allow heat to flow out of the heat storage chamber 21 to heat the furnace tube 4 or flow into the heat storage chamber 21 for storage.

[0040] In addition, the present invention also provides a heating method, such as Figure 1As shown, using abandoned wind, abandoned solar or off-peak electricity, the temperature value of heat storage chamber I in the series group 2 used for heating is ≤ the temperature value of heat storage chamber II ≤ the temperature value of heat storage chamber III ≤ the temperature value of heat storage chamber IV ≤ the temperature value of heat storage chamber V, wherein the temperature value of heat storage chamber V is greater than the preset carbonization temperature value. It should be noted that, initially, the three-way regulating valve 22 connects to the air duct but does not connect adjacent heat storage chambers 21. Correspondingly, in the series group 2 of heat storage chambers, the temperature value of heat storage chamber V' is ≥ the temperature value of heat storage chamber IV' ≥ the temperature value of heat storage chamber III' ≥ the temperature value of heat storage chamber II' ≥ the temperature value of heat storage chamber I'. Initially, adjacent heat storage chambers 21 are connected, but the other heat storage chambers except for heat storage chamber V' are not connected to the air duct. Thus, during startup, the fan 1 introduces the heat from heat storage chamber I into the heating chamber 7 through the air duct to perform primary heating of the furnace tube 4. When heat storage chamber I and furnace tube 4 reach thermal equilibrium, the heat that can no longer heat the furnace tube 4 passes through heat storage chamber V'. The heat flows into the series-connected heat storage chambers 2 for storage, and heat storage chambers V'IV'III'II'I' begin to heat up and store heat in stages. At the same time, the three-way regulating valve 22 between heat storage chambers I and II is adjusted to close the passage between heat storage chamber I and heating chamber 4, so that the heat from heat storage chamber I flows into heat storage chamber II to continue heating. The heat from heat storage chamber II provides secondary heating for the furnace tube 4. When heat storage chamber 2 and the furnace tube 4 reach thermal equilibrium, the heat that can no longer heat the furnace tube 4 continues to flow into the series-connected heat storage chambers 2 for storage, and heat storage chambers V'IV'III'II'I' begin secondary heating and storage. This process is repeated by adjusting the three-way regulating valve 22 at the corresponding positions until the furnace tube 4 is heated to the preset carbonization temperature value. In terms of heating, this method can achieve step-by-step heating, avoiding the quality defects of the carbonized material caused by heating it too quickly at once. Moreover, the temperature of heat storage chamber II starts to rise from the temperature of heat storage chamber I after reaching thermal equilibrium, which reduces heating energy consumption. In terms of heat storage, this method heats and stores heat at the same time, recovering the heat after reaching thermal equilibrium, reducing the energy consumption for the next heating and lowering production costs.

[0041] Furthermore, the fan 1 is reversed, so that the heat storage chamber series group 2 used for heat storage can be used for heating, and the heat storage chamber series group 2 used for heating is used for heat storage, thereby maximizing the utilization rate of heat and reducing production energy consumption.

[0042] Example

[0043] In this embodiment, the three-stage heat storage chambers with N=3 are distinguished as heat storage chambers I, II, and III used for heating the furnace tubes and heat storage chambers III', II', and I' used for heat storage. The preset carbonization temperature is 900℃.

[0044] Using fluctuating energy sources such as wind and solar power or off-peak electricity, heat storage chambers I, II, and III are heated to 800℃, 1000℃, and 1200℃ respectively. After the carbonized material enters furnace tube 4, blower 1 is turned on to keep the pipeline between heat storage chamber I and furnace tube 4, and between furnace tube 4 and heat storage chamber III', unobstructed. Furnace tube 4 undergoes a first-stage heating process. When the temperature of furnace tube 4 reaches 400℃, heat storage chamber I and furnace tube 4 reach thermal equilibrium. At this point, heat storage chambers III', II', and I' begin to store heat in stages to 300℃, 200℃, and 100℃ respectively. The three-way regulating valve 22 between heat storage chamber I and heat storage chamber II is adjusted to close the passage between heat storage chamber I and furnace tube 4, allowing blower 1 to drive gas through heat storage chambers I and II into furnace tube 4 for heat release. Furnace tube 4 undergoes a second-stage heating process. When the temperature of furnace tube 4 reaches 70℃... At 0℃, heat storage chamber II and furnace tube 4 reach thermal equilibrium. At this time, heat storage chambers III', II', and I' store heat to 500℃, 400℃, and 300℃ respectively. Adjust the three-way regulating valve 22 between heat storage chamber II and heat storage chamber III to close the passage between heat storage chamber II and furnace tube 4, so that the blower 1 drives the gas to enter and flow through heat storage chambers I, II, and III to start releasing heat. Furnace tube 4 undergoes three-stage heating. When the temperature of furnace tube 4 reaches the preset carbonization temperature value of 900℃, it meets the carbonization temperature requirement. The blower 1 is turned off to complete the carbonization process. At this time, heat storage chambers III', II', and I' store heat to 700℃, 600℃, and 500℃ respectively. When carbonization is carried out again, the heat storage chambers III', II', and I' continue to be heated to 1200℃, 1000℃, and 800℃ from 700℃, 600℃, and 500℃ respectively. The fan 1 is then started to reverse, so that heat storage chambers III', II', and I' are used for heat release, and heat storage chambers I, II, and III are used for heat storage.

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this invention will not further describe the various possible combinations.

[0047] Furthermore, various different embodiments of the present invention can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage heat-accumulating carbonization apparatus comprising an insulating layer (6), a heating chamber (7) formed by the insulating layer (6), and a furnace tube (4) disposed in the heating chamber (7), characterized in that, The application further comprises at least two groups of multi-stage heat storage room series (2) formed by connecting the heat storage rooms (21) with gradually increased N temperature values in series, wherein at least one group is used for gradually heating the furnace tube (4), and at least one group is used for gradually storing the residual heat which cannot make the furnace tube (4) continue to increase in temperature due to heat balance; a gas distributor (5) is arranged in the heating cavity (7) and used for uniformly heating the furnace tube (4); a three-way regulating valve (22) is arranged between two adjacent heat storage rooms (21), a gas guide pipe is arranged in the heat preservation layer (6), an air inlet (61) and at least one air outlet (62) are arranged on the gas guide pipe and communicated with the remaining interfaces of the three-way regulating valve (22), and the air outlet (62) is communicated with the gas distributor (5).

2. The multi-stage heat-accumulating carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The heat storage rooms (21) with the lowest temperature of the two groups of multi-stage heat storage room series (2) are communicated with the fan (1).

3. The multi-stage heat-accumulating carbonization apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The fan (1) can be reversed, so that the functions of the multi-stage heat storage room series (2) for gradually heating and the multi-stage heat storage room series (2) for gradually storing heat can be exchanged.

4. The multi-stage heat-accumulating carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein N≧2。 5. The multi-stage heat-accumulating carbonizing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein, N is 3-5.

6. The multi-stage heat-accumulating carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein Each heat storage room (21) is filled with heat storage bodies with different specific heat capacities, and the heat storage bodies are one or more of solid heat storage, molten salt high-temperature phase change heat storage materials.

7. The multi-stage heat-accumulating carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The multi-stage heat storage room series (2) for storing heat and the multi-stage heat storage room series (2) for discharging heat are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the heat preservation layer (6).

8. The multi-stage heat-accumulating carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The series arrangement mode of the heat storage rooms (21) of each multi-stage heat storage room series (2) comprises at least one of the following forms: Form one: the heat storage rooms (21) are arranged in an inner-outer nested mode; Form two: the heat storage rooms (21) are arranged in a horizontal arrangement mode or a stacked mode along the height direction; Form three: the heat storage rooms (21) are arranged around the outer contour of the heat preservation layer.

9. The multi-stage heat-accumulating carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, A heat exchanger (3) is further arranged in each heat storage room (21) and used for making heat flow out to heat the furnace tube (4) or flow into the heat storage room (21) for storage.

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