An urban river ecological slope protection system with the function of purifying surface source rainwater

Abstract

The present invention provides an ecological slope protection system for urban river channels with the function of purifying surface source rainwater, belonging to the technical field of water body purification. A plurality of units are arranged in the order of rainwater entering the river, from top to bottom in sequence: a precipitation and purification unit, a soil infiltration and purification unit, a hydroponic plant purification unit, an aquatic organism protection unit, and a foundation unit; the precipitation and purification unit is used for storing rainwater to relieve the impact of short-term heavy rainfall on the over-flow carrying capacity of the river channel, and then slowly guiding the rainwater into the soil infiltration and purification unit; hydroponic plants are arranged in the hydroponic plant purification unit, and the organic pollutants are purified again by using the absorption of plants and the decomposition of root microorganisms; the aquatic organism protection unit is provided with a biological habitat pool, and a connected biological channel is arranged between the biological habitat pool and the water body. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: integrating the five functions of rainwater storage and utilization, water body biological purification, peak shaving of storm runoff, species protection, and urban landscape into the slope protection system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water body purification, and in particular relates to an ecological slope protection system for urban rivers with non-point source rainwater purification function. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing urgency of people's yearning for a better life and the continuous penetration of the concepts of green ecology and green development, various ecological river slope protection structural forms with ecological and sponge city concepts, such as grass planting grid slope protection, three-dimensional grid slope protection, and ecological bag flexible slope protection, have emerged. However, while ensuring the stability of the slope, there are not many slope protection structural forms that can simultaneously play the roles of rainwater storage and utilization, water body biological purification, peak shaving of storm runoff, species protection, and urban landscape. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an ecological slope protection system for rivers that can overall play the natural ecological function and artificial intervention function and effectively control rainwater runoff. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose an ecological slope protection system for urban rivers with non-point source rainwater purification function, so as to achieve the purposes of slope protection, rainwater storage and utilization, water body biological purification, peak shaving of storm runoff, species protection, and urban landscape.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0005] An ecological slope protection system for urban rivers with non-point source rainwater purification function includes at least one of the following units arranged from top to bottom in the order of rainwater entering the river: sediment purification unit, soil infiltration purification unit, hydroponic plant purification unit, aquatic organism protection unit, and foundation unit. According to actual use requirements, one of the above units can be selected for individual use, or the above units can be arbitrarily combined according to use requirements;

[0006] The precipitation purification unit is used to store rainwater, slow down the rainwater runoff in a short time, and relieve the impact of short-term heavy rainfall on the flow-carrying capacity of the river course. At the same time, after the rainwater is preliminarily precipitated and purified, it is slowly introduced into the soil infiltration purification unit through hydrophilic water conveyance strips; the soil infiltration purification unit purifies the introduced rainwater through the decomposition of microorganisms in the microbial soil infiltration system, the absorption of soil-cultivated plants, and the biofilm decomposition of the pebble infiltration system. The remaining water then enters the hydroponic plant purification unit through the bottom permeable holes; hydroponic plants are arranged in the hydroponic plant purification unit, and the water body is purified again by using the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the rainwater during the growth of hydroponic plants and the decomposition of organic pollutants by a large number of microorganisms attached to the plant roots; the aquatic biological protection unit includes a biological habitat pool and a microbial-activated bottom mud layer. A biological channel communicating with the water body is arranged between the biological habitat pool and the water body on the water-facing side. The diameter of the biological channel is Φ150mm, and the spacing is 500mm. The biological habitat pool prevents aquatic organisms from dying due to habitat destruction caused by factors such as river dredging and high-speed flow; the microbial-activated bottom mud layer is clay soil activated by indigenous microbial complex bactericide, and the thickness of the bottom mud layer is 100mm - 150mm. The microbial-activated bottom mud layer provides a living environment for earthworms, loaches, mussels and other organisms.

[0007] Further, a mud retaining dam is arranged in the precipitation purification unit. The mud retaining dam is arranged in the middle of the precipitation purification unit, and its height is not less than 1 / 2 of the internal height of the precipitation purification pool and not higher than 2 / 3 of the internal height of the precipitation purification pool. It is used to block the particles and dust mixed in the rainwater.

[0008] Further, a grid cover plate is arranged on the top of the precipitation purification unit, and hydrophilic water conveyance strips are arranged in the precipitation purification unit. The rainwater is slowly introduced into the soil infiltration purification unit by using the hydrophilic water conveyance strips. An overflow pipe is arranged on the upper side of the water-facing surface of the precipitation purification unit, and the length of the overflow pipe extending out of the water-facing surface should ensure that the overflow rainwater will not cause scouring damage to the lower microbial soil infiltration system.

[0009] Further, the upper layer of the soil infiltration purification unit is a microbial soil infiltration system, and the bottom layer is a pebble infiltration system. The hydrophilic water conveyance strips are buried in the microbial soil infiltration system in an "S" shape, and plants are planted on the microbial soil infiltration system. The thickness ratio of the microbial soil infiltration system to the pebble infiltration system is 3:1. The components of the microbial soil infiltration system are preferably: leaf mold (or peat soil), garden soil, and river sand, with a ratio of 3:3:4. The hydrophilic water conveyance strips are made of water-absorbing geotechnical materials with good hydrophilic performance. The upper end is integral, and the buried end is multi-strip. The overall width is preferably 100mm, and the buried spacing is 300mm.

[0010] Furthermore, a plant floating tray is arranged inside the hydroponic plant purification unit. Hydroponic plants are planted in the plant floating tray, and a positioning cable is arranged below the plant floating tray to limit the plant floating tray through the positioning cable.

[0011] Furthermore, the basic unit includes a basic bearing platform, which is arranged at the bottom of the aquatic organism protection unit to fix and support the above unit structures.

[0012] Furthermore, the aquatic organism protection unit includes a biological habitat pool and a microbial activated bottom mud layer. A biological channel communicating with the water body is arranged between the biological habitat pool and the water body on the water-facing side. The diameter of the biological channel is Φ150mm, and the spacing is 500mm; the microbial activated bottom mud layer is viscous soil activated by indigenous microbial complex agents, and the thickness of the bottom mud layer is 100mm - 150mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the hydroponic plant purification unit is provided with a water level connection hole, which communicates with the river channel water body through the water level connection hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the position where the water level connection hole is arranged is lower than the low water level of the river channel water body operation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the urban river ecological slope protection system with non-point source rainwater purification function described in the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. Integrate multiple functions such as slope protection, rainwater storage and utilization, water body biological purification, peak shaving of storm runoff, species protection, and urban landscape into the slope protection system, and realize the concept of "storage, retention, purification, and utilization" of the sponge city;

[0017] 2. Store the initial surface rainwater runoff in the sedimentation tank. On the one hand, it solves the pollution impact of dust particles in the initial rainwater on the river channel. On the other hand, the rainwater can be collected and stored, and slowly released into the lower microbial soil infiltration system to provide water for plants, reduce the workload of subsequent greening maintenance, and save water;

[0018] 3. The storage function of the sedimentation tank effectively alleviates the impact of short-term heavy rainfall during the rainstorm period on the over-flow bearing capacity of the river channel;

[0019] 4. The soil infiltration purification unit purifies the imported rainwater through the decomposition of microorganisms in the internal microbial soil infiltration system, the absorption of soil-cultivated plants, and the biofilm decomposition of the pebble infiltration system. The remaining water then enters the hydroponic plant purification unit through the bottom water permeable holes, effectively alleviating the river channel pollution impact;

[0020] 5. Hydroponic plants, on the one hand, absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the water body through their own growth needs. On the other hand, a large number of microorganisms can adhere to their roots and play a role in decomposing pollutants in the water;

[0021] 6. A biological channel communicating with the river channel water body is arranged between the water-facing side of the biological habitat pond and the water body. The indigenous microorganism-activated bottom mud layer arranged at the bottom of the pond provides a stable survival and reproduction place for benthic organisms, fish and shrimps, effectively avoiding the impact on aquatic animals under the condition of high-speed water flow in the river channel, and also avoiding the damage to the spores and eggs of aquatic organisms caused by subsequent engineering measures such as river channel dredging;

[0022] 7. The soil-cultivated plants and aquatic plants create a greening atmosphere with good landscape effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an urban river channel ecological slope protection system with a non-point source rainwater purification function according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is the present invention Figure 1 a transverse cross-sectional view;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of each unit of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the precipitation purification unit of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a transverse cross-sectional schematic diagram of the precipitation purification unit structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydrophilic water conveyance strip of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the soil infiltration purification unit of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydroponic plant purification unit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the aquatic organism protection unit of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the foundation cap of the present invention.

[0034] DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0035] 1. Sediment purification unit; 11 - Mud retaining sill; 12 - Overflow pipe; 13 - Grille cover plate; 14 - Sedimentation tank; 15 - Hydrophilic water conveyance strip; 2. Soil infiltration purification unit; 21 - Microbial soil infiltration system; 22 - Pebble infiltration system; 23 - Permeable hole; 24 - Soil-cultivated plants; 3. Hydroponic plant purification unit; 31 - Positioning cable; 32 - Plant floating tray; 33 - Water level connection hole; 34 - Hydroponic plants; 4. Aquatic organism protection unit; 41 - Biological habitat pool; 42 - Biological channel; 43 - Microbial-activated bottom mud; 5. Foundation unit; 51 - Foundation pile cap; 6. River bottom; 61 - High river water level; 62 - Low river water level. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0037] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0038] An urban river ecological slope protection system with non-point source rainwater purification function, comprising a sediment purification unit 1, a soil infiltration purification unit 2, a hydroponic plant purification unit 3, an aquatic organism protection unit 4, and a foundation unit 5. The sediment purification unit 1 is arranged at the topmost of the system, including a mud retaining sill 11, a hydrophilic water conveyance strip 15, a sedimentation tank 14, a grille cover plate 13, and an overflow pipe 12; the soil infiltration purification unit 2 is arranged below the sediment purification unit 1, including soil-cultivated plants 24, a microbial soil infiltration system 21, a pebble infiltration system 22, permeable holes 23, and a hydrophilic water conveyance strip 15; the hydroponic plant purification unit 3 is arranged at the lower end of the soil infiltration purification unit 2, including a positioning cable 31, a plant floating tray 32, hydroponic plants 34, and a water level connection hole 33; the aquatic organism protection unit 4 is arranged below the hydroponic plant purification unit 3, including a biological habitat pool 41, a microbial-activated bottom mud 43, and a biological channel 42; the foundation unit 5 is arranged at the lowermost layer, and the main structure is a foundation pile cap 51.

[0039] The sediment purification unit 1, the soil infiltration purification unit 2, the hydroponic plant purification unit 3, the aquatic organism protection unit 4, and the foundation unit 5 are distributed successively from top to bottom according to the order of rainwater flowing into the river.

[0040] The sediment purification unit 1, the soil infiltration purification unit 2, the hydroponic plant purification unit 3, the aquatic organism protection unit 4, and the foundation unit 5 are groove-shaped precast structures.

[0041] The sedimentation purification unit 1, the soil infiltration purification unit 2, and the hydroponic plant purification unit 3 are all provided with anti-slip grooves on the nearshore side of the bottom; the soil infiltration purification unit 2, the hydroponic plant purification unit 3, and the aquatic biological protection unit 4 are provided with anti-slip strips on the top, and the anti-slip grooves of the upper structure are tightly connected with the anti-slip strips on the nearshore side of the lower structure, and the anti-slip strips of the lower structure and the lateral structures at both ends thereof jointly provide stable support for the upper structure.

[0042] The sedimentation purification unit 1 is provided with a mud retaining sill 11 , a hydrophilic water delivery strip 15 , an overflow pipe 12 , and a grille cover plate 13 .

[0043] The sedimentation purification unit 1 is arranged at the top of the system, and includes a mud retaining sill 11, a hydrophilic water supply strip 15, a grille cover 13, and an overflow pipe 12. The overflow pipe 12 is located at the upper end of the water-facing surface of the sedimentation tank 14, and the length extending from the water-facing surface is required to ensure that the overflowing rainwater will not cause scouring damage to the underlying soil.

[0044] The hydrophilic water conveying strip 15 is made of water-absorbing geotechnical material with good hydrophilic performance, with an integral upper end and a multi-strip landfill end, with an overall width of preferably 100mm and a landfill spacing of 300mm. The height of the mud retaining sill 11 is not less than 1 / 2 of the internal height of the sedimentation and purification tank, and not higher than 2 / 3 of the internal height of the sedimentation and purification tank.

[0045] The soil infiltration purification unit 2 is arranged at the lower layer of the sedimentation purification unit 1 , and includes soil-grown plants 24 , a microbial soil infiltration system 21 , a pebble infiltration system 22 , water permeable holes 23 , and a hydrophilic water delivery strip 15 .

[0046] The microbial soil infiltration system 21 is arranged on the upper layer of the pebble infiltration system 22, and the thickness ratio of the two is 3: 1. The components of the microbial soil infiltration system 21 are preferably: leaf mold (or peat soil), garden soil, and river sand, and the ratio is 3:3:4.

[0047] The hydroponic plant purification unit 3 is arranged below the soil infiltration purification unit 2, and includes a positioning rope 31, a plant floating plate 32, hydroponic plants 34, and a water level communication hole 33. The water level communication hole 33 is located below the water-facing surface of the trough body, and is located below the low water level of the river water body.

[0048] The aquatic biological protection unit 4 is arranged below the hydroponic plant purification unit 3, and is provided with microorganism activated sludge 43 and a biological channel 42 inside; the microorganism activated sludge 43 has a thickness of 100 mm to 150 mm.

[0049] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and method steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented with electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the examples have been generally described in terms of function in the above description. Whether these functions are executed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functions in different ways for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present invention.

[0050] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and systems can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described division of units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. The above units may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features. These modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and the specification of the present invention.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An urban river ecological slope protection system with a surface source rainwater purification function, characterized in that including at least one of the following: sediment purification unit (1), soil infiltration purification unit (2), hydroponic plant purification unit (3), aquatic organism protection unit (4), and basic unit (5); The sediment purification unit (1) is used to store rainwater, slow down the rainwater runoff in a short time, relieve the impact of short-term heavy rainfall on the river channel's flow-carrying capacity, and after initially sediment purifying the rainwater, slowly introduce the rainwater into the soil infiltration purification unit (2) through the hydrophilic water conveyance strip (15); The soil infiltration purification unit (2) purifies the introduced rainwater through the decomposition of microorganisms in the soil infiltration system and the absorption of soil-cultivated plants (24), and the remaining water enters the hydroponic plant purification unit (3) through the bottom water-permeable holes (23); Hydroponic plants are arranged in the hydroponic plant purification unit (3), and the water body is purified again by utilizing the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the rainwater during the growth of hydroponic plants and the decomposition of organic pollutants by a large number of microorganisms attached to the plant roots; The aquatic organism protection unit (4) includes a biological habitat pool (41) and microbial-activated bottom mud (43), and a biological channel communicating with the water body is arranged between the biological habitat pool (41) and the water body on the water-facing side; A mud retaining dam (11) is arranged in the sediment purification unit (1), the mud retaining dam (11) is arranged in the middle of the sediment purification unit (1), and its height is not less than 1 / 2 and not higher than 2 / 3 of the internal height of the sedimentation tank, and it is used to block the particles and dust mixed in the rainwater; A grille cover plate (13) is arranged on the top of the sediment purification unit (1), a hydrophilic water conveyance strip (15) is arranged in the sediment purification unit (1), and the rainwater is slowly introduced into the soil infiltration purification unit (2) by using the hydrophilic water conveyance strip (15). An overflow pipe (12) is arranged on the upper side of the water-facing surface of the sediment purification unit (1), and the length of the overflow pipe (12) extending out of the water-facing surface should ensure that the overflow rainwater will not cause scouring damage to the lower-layer microbial soil infiltration system (21); The upper layer of the soil infiltration purification unit (2) is a microbial soil infiltration system (21), and the bottom layer is a pebble infiltration system (22). The hydrophilic water conveyance strip (15) is buried in the microbial soil infiltration system (21) in an "S" shape. Soil-cultivated plants (24) are planted on the microbial soil infiltration system (21), and the thickness ratio of the microbial soil infiltration system (21) to the pebble infiltration system (22) is 3:1; The components of the microbial soil infiltration system (21) are: leaf mold or peat soil, garden soil, and river sand, with a ratio of 3:3:4; The hydrophilic water conveyance strip (15) is made of a water-absorbing geotechnical material with good hydrophilic performance. The upper end is integral, and the buried end is multi-strip. The overall width is preferably 100 mm, and the buried spacing is 300 mm.

2. The urban river ecological slope protection system with a surface source rainwater purification function according to claim 1, wherein: A plant floating tray (32) is arranged in the hydroponic plant purification unit (3), hydroponic plants (34) are planted in the plant floating tray (32), and a positioning cable (31) is arranged below the plant floating tray (32) to limit the plant floating tray (32) through the positioning cable (31).

3. The urban river ecological slope protection system with surface source rainwater purification function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aquatic organism protection unit (4) is provided with a biological habitat pond (41), and a layer of microbe-activated bottom mud (43) is arranged at the bottom. A biological channel communicating with the water body is arranged between the biological habitat pond (41) and the water body on the water-facing side. The diameter of the biological channel is Φ150mm, and the spacing is 500mm. The layer of microbe-activated bottom mud (43) is viscous soil activated by an indigenous microbe composite microbial agent, and the thickness of the bottom mud layer is 100mm - 150mm.

4. The urban river ecological slope protection system with a surface source rainwater purification function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foundation unit (5) includes a foundation cap, and the foundation cap is arranged at the bottom of the aquatic organism protection unit (4) for fixing and supporting the structures of each unit.

5. The urban river ecological slope protection system with a surface source rainwater purification function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydroponic plant purification unit (3) is provided with a water level communication hole (33), and is communicated with the river water body through the water level communication hole (33).

6. The urban river ecological slope protection system with surface source rainwater purification function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The setting position of the water level communication hole (33) is lower than the low water level of the operation of the river water body.

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