Carbon emission calculation method for building construction process based on BIM and bill of quantities

Abstract

This invention provides a method for calculating carbon emissions during building construction based on BIM and a bill of quantities. When using this method, the carbon emission factors of material transportation, material loss, construction machinery, and personnel activities during construction are calculated based on the bill of quantities, along with the carbon emission factors of the building materials constituting the main structure. Conversion factors are then obtained, and these factors are used to correct the carbon emission factors of the building materials, resulting in a corrected list of carbon emission factors for the building construction process. Finally, using the building's BIM model and with the help of the Revit platform and a quantity calculation plugin, the list of carbon emission factors for the building construction process is imported, allowing the software to automatically calculate the carbon emissions for the building's construction process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for calculating carbon emissions during the building construction process based on BIM and bill of quantities. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon emissions from buildings primarily originate from three phases: construction, operation, and demolition. The operation phase accounts for the majority of carbon emissions. However, for developing countries like my country with large-scale new construction projects, carbon emissions during the construction process cannot be ignored.

[0003] Currently, carbon emissions during the building construction process are mainly calculated using the following methods:

[0004] Method 1: Calculators, following the rules outlined in the "Building Carbon Emission Calculation Standard," calculate the carbon emissions from building materials, material transportation, material losses, construction machinery usage, and personnel activities during the construction process. The results are then summarized to obtain the building's total carbon emissions during construction. This method relies heavily on calculations by professionals, requiring the collection or calculation of basic data such as the consumption of various building materials, the number of construction machinery shifts, and worker hours. Furthermore, the calculation process is prone to omissions and errors, making it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the results.

[0005] Method Two: Employing specialized carbon emission analysis and calculation software such as City-Bes and PKPM-CES to establish a building carbon emission calculation model, thereby obtaining the building's carbon emissions. However, this method requires modelers to learn the modeling methods of these software programs and remodel the building, consuming significant time and manpower. Secondly, while software that sets parameters for building lighting, HVAC, and building envelope thermodynamics can accurately calculate the carbon emissions of building operations, during the construction phase, it only provides the carbon emissions of the building materials that constitute the building structure, and cannot calculate the carbon emissions from material transportation and losses, construction machinery, and construction worker activities during the construction process.

[0006] Method 3: Conduct actual monitoring of carbon emissions during the building construction process. This method seems simple, but it presents significant challenges in practice. First, it requires a large number of specialized carbon emission monitoring devices. Second, the construction process involves numerous steps, inevitably leading to omissions during monitoring. Furthermore, this method can only monitor projects under construction; it cannot optimize building designs in the early stages of construction, nor can it compare the carbon emissions of different construction schemes. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for calculating carbon emissions during the building construction process based on BIM and bill of quantities.

[0008] To address the above problems, this invention provides a method for calculating carbon emissions during building construction based on BIM and bill of quantities, comprising:

[0009] A method for calculating carbon emissions during building construction based on BIM and bill of quantities, characterized by comprising:

[0010] Obtain the BIM model and bill of quantities for the building;

[0011] Obtain details of all construction processes during the building's construction;

[0012] Obtain the carbon emission factors of the building materials involved in each item in the bill of quantities to obtain a list of carbon emission factors for building materials;

[0013] Based on the bill of quantities and the carbon emission factor list for building materials, calculate the corresponding carbon emission factor conversion factor for each construction item.

[0014] Based on the carbon emission factor list of building materials and the corresponding carbon emission factor conversion coefficients for each construction item, the comprehensive carbon emission factor of the building construction process, expressed in terms of material carbon emission factors, is calculated.

[0015] Import the comprehensive carbon emission factor of the building construction process into the Revit quantity takeoff plugin, and use the building's BIM model to automatically calculate the carbon emissions of the building construction process.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above method, based on the bill of quantities and the carbon emission factor list for building materials, the corresponding carbon emission factor conversion factor for each construction item is calculated, including:

[0017] Based on the bill of quantities and the carbon emission factor list for building materials, the carbon emission factor conversion coefficients for the transportation of building materials, loss of building materials, construction machinery and personnel activities for each construction item are calculated.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above method, based on the bill of quantities and the carbon emission factor list for building materials, the carbon emission factor conversion factor corresponding to the transportation of building materials for each construction item is calculated, including:

[0019] When completing the q-th construction task, m types of materials are required. The carbon emissions of the materials consumed in the q-th construction task are: Among them, F i M is the carbon emission factor per unit weight of the i-th type of building material produced. i The amount of the i-th type of building material consumed when completing this construction work.

[0020] Carbon emissions from the transportation of building materials when the q-th construction item is completed: Among them, M i D represents the consumption of the i-th type of building material when completing this construction work. i Let T be the transportation distance of the i-th type of building material from the material production plant to the construction site. i Let be the carbon emission factor of the i-th building material under a given transportation mode; then in, F is the conversion factor for carbon emission factors in material transportation. i D is the carbon emission factor per unit weight of the i-th type of building material produced. i T is determined based on the distance between the project site and the material supply plant. i Let be the carbon emission factor of the i-th building material under a given transportation method.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above method, based on the bill of quantities and the carbon emission factor list of building materials, the carbon emission factor conversion factor corresponding to the loss of building materials for each construction item is calculated, including:

[0022] When the qth construction item is completed, the carbon emissions from the consumption of building materials are: Among them, M shi For the amount of wastage of the i-th type of building material when completing the construction work as specified in the quota, then M is the carbon emission factor conversion factor for building material losses. i This refers to the consumption of the i-th type of building material when completing the construction work as specified in the quota.

[0023] Furthermore, in the above method, based on the bill of quantities and the carbon emission factor list of building materials, the carbon emission factor conversion factor corresponding to the construction machinery for each construction item is calculated, including:

[0024] When completing the q-th construction task, n types of construction machinery are required. The carbon emissions of the construction machinery are: Among them, T j R represents the number of machine shifts consumed by the j-th type of construction machinery when completing this construction task. j Let j be the carbon emission factor of the construction machinery. in, The carbon emission factor conversion factor for construction machinery used to complete this construction work; M i F represents the consumption of the i-th type of building material when completing the construction work as specified in the quota. i The carbon emission factor is the carbon emission factor per unit weight of the i-th type of building material produced.

[0025] Furthermore, in the above method, based on the bill of quantities and the carbon emission factor list for building materials, the carbon emission factor conversion factor corresponding to personnel activities for each construction item is calculated, including:

[0026] When the qth construction item is completed, p types of work are required, and the carbon emissions from personnel activities are as follows: Among them, TR k P represents the time consumption of the k-th trade when completing this construction task. k Let be the carbon emission factor of the construction activity for the kth type of work, then in The conversion factor for carbon emission factors of personnel activities when completing this construction work; M i F represents the consumption of the i-th type of building material when completing this construction task as specified in the quota. i The carbon emission factor for producing the i-th type of building material.

[0027] Furthermore, in the above method, the comprehensive carbon emission factor of the building construction process, expressed as a material carbon emission factor, is calculated using the following formula:

[0028] F i .

[0029] Furthermore, in the above method, the carbon emissions from the building construction process are calculated using the following formula:

[0030] FiMi, where Cjs q is the carbon emission of the qth construction item.

[0031] Compared with existing technologies, the carbon emission calculation method for building construction described in this invention, based on the bill of quantities, calculates the relationship between the carbon emission factors of material transportation, material loss, construction machinery, and personnel activities during construction and the carbon emission factors of the building materials constituting the main body of the building, obtaining conversion factors. These conversion factors are then used to correct the carbon emission factors of the building materials, resulting in a corrected list of carbon emission factors for the building construction process. Then, using the building's BIM model and with the help of the Revit platform and quantity calculation plugin, the list of carbon emission factors for the building construction process is imported, allowing the software to automatically calculate the carbon emissions of the building's construction process.

[0032] This invention, based on the bill of quantities, uses the building's BIM model to calculate the carbon emissions during the building construction process, thereby providing a reference for optimizing building design, comparing different construction schemes, and evaluating the "green" level of buildings in terms of carbon reduction.

[0033] When using the carbon emission calculation method for the building construction process described in this invention, different quotas can be used to achieve different purposes. In the early stages of a project, when comparing different design schemes in terms of carbon emissions, budget quotas can be used; during the construction process, when comparing different construction schemes in terms of carbon emissions, enterprise quotas can be used.

[0034] This invention calculates the comprehensive carbon emission factor of the building construction process based on the bill of quantities, expressed in terms of carbon emission factors of building materials and conversion factors. Then, using a building BIM model and a Revit quantity calculation plugin, the computer calculates the carbon emissions of the building construction process. This invention achieves the following technological innovations:

[0035] 1) Based on the bill of quantities, the concept of carbon emission factor conversion coefficient was proposed for the first time, thereby establishing a link between the carbon emissions of material transportation, loss, construction machinery and personnel activities, which are relatively complex and difficult to calculate during the construction process, and the carbon emissions of building materials, which are relatively simple to calculate.

[0036] 2) By using conversion factors to correct the carbon emission factor of materials, a comprehensive carbon emission factor for the building construction process, which includes carbon emissions from material use, material transportation, material loss, construction machinery and personnel activities, was proposed for the first time.

[0037] 3) When using the carbon emission calculation method for the building construction process described in this invention, different quotas can be used to achieve different purposes.

[0038] 4) The carbon emission calculation method for the building construction process described in this invention can directly use the building BIM model to calculate the carbon emission of the building construction process without additional modeling. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for calculating carbon emissions during building construction based on BIM and bill of quantities, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for calculating carbon emissions during building construction based on BIM and bill of quantities, including:

[0042] Step 1: Obtain the BIM model and bill of quantities for the building;

[0043] Step Two: Obtain details of all construction activities during the building's construction process;

[0044] Step 3: Obtain the carbon emission factors of the building materials involved in each item in the bill of quantities, and obtain the carbon emission factor list of building materials;

[0045] Here, you can look up the carbon emission factors of the building materials involved in each item in the bill of quantities in the "Standard for Calculation of Carbon Emissions in Buildings" to obtain a list of carbon emission factors of building materials;

[0046] Step 4: Based on the bill of quantities and the carbon emission factor list for building materials, calculate the corresponding carbon emission factor conversion factor for each construction item.

[0047] Here, based on the bill of quantities and the carbon emission factor list for building materials, the carbon emission factor conversion coefficients for the transportation of building materials, loss of building materials, construction machinery and personnel activities for each construction item are calculated respectively.

[0048] Preferably, when completing the qth construction item, m types of materials are required. Therefore, the carbon emissions of the materials consumed in the qth construction item are: Among them, F i M is the carbon emission factor per unit weight of the i-th type of building material produced. i The amount of the i-th type of building material consumed when completing this construction work.

[0049] Carbon emissions from the transportation of building materials when the q-th construction item is completed: Among them, M i D represents the consumption of the i-th type of building material when completing this construction work. i Let T be the transportation distance of the i-th type of building material from the material production plant to the construction site. i Let be the carbon emission factor of the i-th building material under a given transportation mode; then in, F is the conversion factor for carbon emission factors in material transportation. i T is the carbon emission factor per unit weight of the i-th type of building material produced. i Let D be the carbon emission factor of the i-th building material under a given transportation mode. i T is determined based on the distance between the project site and the material supply plant. i F i All of these can be obtained by consulting the "Building Carbon Emission Calculation Standard".

[0050] When the q-th construction item is completed, due to the secondary handling and processing of materials and the characteristics of the construction process, unavoidable material loss will occur, resulting in carbon emissions from the loss of building materials. Among them, M shiFor the amount of wastage of the i-th type of building material when completing the construction work as specified in the quota, then M is the carbon emission factor conversion factor for building material losses. i This refers to the consumption of the i-th type of building material when completing the construction work as specified in the quota.

[0051] When completing the q-th construction task, n types of construction machinery are required. The carbon emissions of the construction machinery are: Among them, T j R represents the number of machine shifts consumed by the j-th type of construction machinery when completing this construction task. j Let j be the carbon emission factor of the construction machinery. in, The carbon emission factor conversion factor for construction machinery used to complete this construction work; M i F represents the consumption of the i-th type of building material when completing this construction task. i M represents the carbon emission factor per unit weight of the i-th type of building material produced. i T j You can find it in the quota, R j F i This information can be obtained by consulting the "Standard for Calculating Carbon Emissions from Buildings".

[0052] When the qth construction item is completed, p types of work are required, and the carbon emissions from personnel activities are as follows: Among them, TR k P represents the time consumption of the k-th trade when completing this construction task. k Let be the carbon emission factor of the construction activity for the kth type of work, then in The conversion factor for carbon emission factors of personnel activities when completing this construction work; M i F represents the consumption of the i-th type of building material when completing this construction task. i M represents the carbon emission factor for the production of the i-th type of building material. i TR k You can find it in the quota, P k F i This information can be obtained by consulting the "Standard for Calculating Carbon Emissions from Buildings".

[0053] Step 5: Based on the carbon emission factor list of building materials and the corresponding carbon emission factor conversion coefficients for each construction item, calculate the comprehensive carbon emission factor of the building construction process, expressed in terms of material carbon emission factors.

[0054] Specifically, carbon emissions during the building construction process: F i Mi C jsgcq M represents the carbon emissions of the qth construction item. i Let i be the consumption amount of the i-th material, and define... F i The comprehensive carbon emission factor for the building construction process can be obtained by correcting the carbon emission factor of materials using conversion factors.

[0055] Step Six: Integrate carbon emission factors during the building construction process Fi is imported into the Revit quantity takeoff plugin, and the software automatically calculates the carbon emissions of the building construction process using the building's BIM model.

[0056] Here, based on the comprehensive carbon emission factor of the building construction process, the carbon emissions during the building construction process can be calculated as follows: The formula FiMi yields the carbon emissions Cjs q from the building construction process.

[0057] To address the difficulties and time-consuming nature of calculating carbon emissions during building construction, this invention presents a method for calculating carbon emissions during building construction based on BIM and a bill of quantities. First, based on the bill of quantities, a conversion factor is calculated between the carbon emission factors of material transportation, material loss, construction machinery, and personnel activities and the carbon emission factors of the building materials constituting the building entity. This conversion factor is then used to correct the carbon emission factors of the building materials, resulting in a comprehensive carbon emission factor for the building construction process. Next, using the building's BIM model and with the help of the Revit platform and quantity calculation plugin, a comprehensive carbon emission factor list for the building construction process is imported, allowing the software to automatically calculate and generate the building's carbon emissions during construction.

[0058] Here, when using the carbon emission calculation method for building construction described in this invention, based on the bill of quantities, the relationship between the carbon emission factors of material transportation, material loss, construction machinery, and personnel activities during the building construction process and the carbon emission factors of the building materials constituting the main body of the building is calculated to obtain conversion factors. These conversion factors are then used to correct the carbon emission factors of the building materials, resulting in a corrected list of carbon emission factors for the building construction process. Then, using the building's BIM model, and with the help of the Revit platform and quantity calculation plugin, the list of carbon emission factors for the building construction process is imported, allowing the software to automatically calculate the carbon emissions of the building's construction process.

[0059] This invention, based on the bill of quantities, uses the building's BIM model to calculate the carbon emissions during the building construction process, thereby providing a reference for optimizing building design, comparing different construction schemes, and evaluating the "green" level of buildings in terms of carbon reduction.

[0060] When using the carbon emission calculation method for the building construction process described in this invention, different quotas can be used to achieve different purposes. In the early stages of a project, when comparing different design schemes in terms of carbon emissions, budget quotas can be used; during the construction process, when comparing different construction schemes in terms of carbon emissions, enterprise quotas can be used.

[0061] This invention calculates the comprehensive carbon emission factor of the building construction process based on the bill of quantities, expressed in terms of carbon emission factors of building materials and conversion factors. Then, using a building BIM model and a Revit quantity calculation plugin, the computer calculates the carbon emissions of the building construction process. This invention achieves the following technological innovations:

[0062] 1) Based on the bill of quantities, the concept of carbon emission factor conversion coefficient was proposed for the first time, thereby establishing a link between the carbon emissions of material transportation, loss, construction machinery and personnel activities, which are relatively complex and difficult to calculate during the construction process, and the carbon emissions of building materials, which are relatively simple to calculate.

[0063] 2) By using conversion factors to correct the carbon emission factor of materials, a comprehensive carbon emission factor for the building construction process, which includes carbon emissions from material use, material transportation, material loss, construction machinery and personnel activities, was proposed for the first time.

[0064] 3) When using the carbon emission calculation method for the building construction process described in this invention, different quotas can be used to achieve different purposes.

[0065] 4) The carbon emission calculation method for the building construction process described in this invention can directly use the building BIM model to calculate the carbon emission of the building construction process without additional modeling.

[0066] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0067] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0068] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of the invention and their equivalents, the invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A BIM and bill of quantities based building construction process carbon emission calculation method, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a BIM model of a building and a bill of quantities; obtaining various construction contents in the construction process of the building; obtaining carbon emission factors of building materials involved in each item in the bill of quantities to obtain a list of carbon emission factors of building materials; based on the bill of quantities and the list of carbon emission factors of building materials, calculating corresponding carbon emission factor conversion coefficients of various construction contents; based on the list of carbon emission factors of building materials and the corresponding carbon emission factor conversion coefficients of various construction contents, calculating a comprehensive carbon emission factor of the building construction process represented by the carbon emission factors of materials; introducing the comprehensive carbon emission factor of the building construction process into a Revit calculation plug-in, and automatically calculating the carbon emission of the building construction process by using the BIM model of the building; based on the bill of quantities and the list of carbon emission factors of building materials, calculating carbon emission factor conversion coefficients corresponding to the transportation of building materials for various construction contents, including: When the qth construction content is completed, m kinds of materials are consumed, and the carbon emission of the materials consumed by the qth construction content is: Wherein, F i is the carbon emission factor of producing unit weight of the ith building material, M i is the consumption of the ith building material when completing the construction content; When the qth construction content is completed, the carbon emission of building material transportation is: wherein, M i is the consumption of the ith building material for completing the construction content; D i is the transportation distance of the ith building material from the material production factory to the construction site, T i is the carbon emission factor of the ith building material under a certain transportation mode; then wherein, is the conversion coefficient of the material transportation carbon emission factor, F i is the carbon emission factor of the ith building material per unit weight, D i is determined according to the distance between the project location and the material supply factory, T i is the carbon emission factor of the ith building material under a certain transportation mode.

2. The BIM and bill of quantities based building construction process carbon emission calculation method of claim 1, wherein, based on the bill of quantities and the list of carbon emission factors of building materials, calculating corresponding carbon emission factor conversion coefficients of various construction contents, including: based on the bill of quantities and the list of carbon emission factors of building materials, calculating carbon emission factor conversion coefficients corresponding to the transportation of building materials, loss of building materials, construction machinery and personnel activities for various construction contents, respectively. 3.The BIM and bill of quantities based building construction process carbon emission calculation method of claim 1, wherein, based on the bill of quantities and the list of carbon emission factors of building materials, calculating carbon emission factor conversion coefficients corresponding to the loss of building materials for various construction contents, including: When the qth construction content is completed, the carbon emission of the building material loss: wherein M shi is the loss amount of the ith building material when the construction content is completed according to the quota, and is the carbon emission factor conversion coefficient of the building material loss, M i is the consumption amount of the ith building material when the construction content is completed according to the quota.

4. The BIM and bill of quantities based building construction process carbon emission calculation method of claim 3, wherein, based on the bill of quantities and the list of carbon emission factors of building materials, calculating carbon emission factor conversion coefficients corresponding to the construction machinery for various construction contents, including: When the qth construction content is completed, n types of construction machinery are needed, and the carbon emission of the construction machinery is: wherein, T j is the daily consumption of the jth construction machinery for completing the construction content, R j is the carbon emission factor of the jth construction machinery, and then wherein, is the carbon emission factor conversion coefficient of the construction machinery for completing the construction content; M i is the consumption of the ith building material for completing the construction content as specified in the quota, F i is the carbon emission factor of producing unit weight of the ith building material.

5. The BIM and bill of quantities based building construction process carbon emission calculation method of claim 4, wherein, based on the bill of quantities and the list of carbon emission factors of building materials, calculating carbon emission factor conversion coefficients corresponding to the personnel activities for various construction contents, including: When the qth construction content is completed, p types of workers are needed, and the carbon emission of personnel activities: Wherein, TR k is the man-hour consumption of the kth type of worker for completing the construction content, P k is the carbon emission factor of the kth type of construction activity, and then Wherein is the carbon emission factor conversion coefficient of personnel activities for completing the construction content; M i is the consumption of the ith type of building material specified in the quota for completing the construction content, F i is the carbon emission factor of producing the ith type of building material.

6. The BIM and bill of quantities based building construction process carbon emission calculation method of claim 1, wherein, The carbon emission of the building construction process is calculated by the following formula: wherein C jsgcq is the carbon emission of the qth construction content.

7. The BIM and bill of quantities based building construction process carbon emission calculation method of claim 1, wherein, The comprehensive carbon emission factor of the building construction process represented by the carbon emission factors of materials is calculated by the following formula:

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