A heating network layout method based on BIM and AR

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for laying out a heat pipe network based on BIM and AR. A method for laying out a heat pipe network based on BIM and AR includes: establishing a terrain BIM module; integrating a preliminary heat pipe network design scheme into the terrain BIM module; importing the information parameters of the underground pipeline into the three-dimensional modeling software and generating an underground pipeline model; performing simulated collision detection on all pipelines through the three-dimensional modeling software; measuring the soil hardness on both sides of the pipeline line at the actual position corresponding to each collision point, and determining the pipeline offset direction and distance according to the soil hardness; uploading the final scheme to the control platform in the form of an AR model, and the control platform uses the AR perspective to fit the actual terrain and make an overall plan for laying out the heat pipe network, and the construction personnel perform pipe laying operations through the local AR model. By integrating the BIM model with AR technology, the construction drawings and operating environment can be understood more clearly through the three-dimensional model, and errors in construction direction and position are less likely to occur, rework is avoided, and construction efficiency is thereby improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of architectural design, and in particular to a thermal pipe network layout method based on BIM and AR. Background Art

[0002] Thermal pipe networks, also known as heat pipes, refer to the pipes that carry heat from heating centers to buildings. These pipes must possess robust corrosion, leak resistance, and heat protection. Leaks can have devastating consequences. Because they are ideal for transporting high-temperature liquids and gases, their quality is crucial to economic efficiency and energy efficiency. These pipes are typically buried underground, subjecting them to various corrosion and other damage over the years. To prevent accidents, the quality of these pipes is crucial. They are typically insulated with polyurethane rigid foam and protected with fiberglass or other materials. While most heat pipes are made of the same primary material—steel pipe—the insulation and corrosion protection differ depending on the medium they transport. For example, PE is required for gas transport. The design and fabrication of heat pipes requires consideration of environmental conditions, exposure to underground or surface air, the presence of corrosive gases, ambient temperature and humidity, and the specific installation method. These are all crucial considerations in heat pipe design.

[0003] During typical construction processes, construction workers are often provided with construction drawings, which merely depict the individual components using line drawings, leaving them to imagine the actual structure. Furthermore, the construction process is prone to issues such as rework and idle work caused by process conflicts, as well as secondary handling due to inappropriate site layouts, resulting in wasted time and money. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide construction personnel with intuitive and three-dimensional thermal network pipe layout construction drawings, improve work efficiency, and reduce on-site construction errors. A thermal network pipe layout method based on BIM and AR is now provided.

[0005] The present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a thermal network pipe layout method based on BIM and AR, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S101. Obtain terrain data through drone scanning and feed it into 3D modeling software in real time for 3D reconstruction of the terrain, thus establishing a terrain BIM module.

[0007] S102: Planning the starting and ending points of the main thermal pipeline and each branch thermal pipeline in the terrain BIM module, importing the preset specification parameters and location parameters of the thermal pipeline, generating models of each thermal pipeline, and forming a preliminary pipe routing plan;

[0008] S103, obtaining information parameters of all underground pipelines in the pipe layout area and importing them into 3D modeling software to convert the information parameters of the underground pipelines into an underground pipeline model;

[0009] S104. Perform simulated collision detection on all pipelines using 3D modeling software;

[0010] S105. If the thermal pipeline collides with other underground pipelines, proceed to S106; otherwise, proceed to S107.

[0011] S106, measuring the soil hardness on both sides of the pipeline at the actual location corresponding to each collision point, and determining the pipeline offset direction and distance based on the soil hardness, and returning to S104;

[0012] S107: Output the final pipe layout plan and upload it to the control platform in the form of an AR model. The control platform uses the AR perspective to match the actual terrain and comprehensively plan the heat pipe network layout. Construction personnel perform pipe layout operations using the local AR model.

[0013] Furthermore, the step S106 specifically includes:

[0014] S201, obtaining the actual locations of all collision points and the safety distance data between the thermal pipeline and other underground pipelines;

[0015] S202. Sampling points are set on both sides of the pipeline at the actual location and the soil hardness is measured. Sampling points with a soil firmness coefficient greater than a preset threshold are marked as obstacle points, and the side without obstacle points is taken as the offset direction of the thermal pipeline. If the sampling points on both sides of the thermal pipeline at the collision point are all obstacle points, the total number of obstacle points along both sides of the thermal pipeline is counted respectively, and the side with the fewer obstacle points is taken as the offset direction of the thermal pipeline. The range of the obstacle points on the offset side is measured and the thermal pipeline is rerouted. The offset parameters of the thermal pipeline at each collision point are generated in combination with the safety distance data, and the parameters are imported into the three-dimensional modeling software for pipeline route rerouting and reconstruction.

[0016] Furthermore, the measurement depth of the sampling point in S202 is 30-120 cm, and the soil hardness is measured using a hardness tester with the soil firmness coefficient as an indicator.

[0017] Furthermore, if the thermal pipeline at the collision point is on the same horizontal plane as other underground pipelines, the thermal pipeline is preferentially offset upward by the safety distance.

[0018] Furthermore, the range measurement of the obstacle point on the offset side and the rerouting planning of the thermal pipeline are carried out in the following specific methods:

[0019] S501: Taking a sampling point where the soil firmness coefficient is greater than a preset threshold as a base point, measure the soil firmness coefficient using the bisection method at points along the front and rear directions of the pipeline laying path to confirm the hard soil edge and thus determine the range of the obstacle point;

[0020] S502: Draw a circumscribed circle around the edge of the hard soil and mark it as the diversion area;

[0021] S503, making a circumscribed square along the circumscribed circle of the diverted area, and diverting the pipe laying along the side of the circumscribed square in the same direction as the pipeline offset.

[0022] Furthermore, the step 106 further includes optimizing the heat loss of the thermal pipeline, which comprises the following steps:

[0023] S601. Obtain terrain data and temperature data around the pipeline, import the obtained terrain data and temperature data and the preliminary thermal pipeline model into the heat conduction model, input the temperature T of the heat transfer medium inside the thermal pipeline, and perform a heat conduction simulation test between the thermal pipeline and the environment;

[0024] S602. Divide the thermal pipeline route into M segments, obtain the lowest temperature P of each thermal pipeline segment within a preset period, and calculate the heat loss per unit area of ​​each pipeline segment using the formula E = a(TP), where E is the heat loss per unit area in W / m2, and a is the heat transfer coefficient of the thermal pipeline in W / (m2·°C);

[0025] S603, increase the thickness of the thermal insulation layer of the thermal pipe of the pipe section where the heat loss per unit area is greater than the preset amount by one level. If the heat loss per unit area is N times the preset amount, increase the thickness of the thermal pipe of the corresponding pipe section by The thickness of the insulation layer is k, and the k is the insulation coefficient of the thermal pipe insulation layer.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes adding compensators to pipe sections where the temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in the temperature data is greater than the temperature difference threshold. The compensators are installed according to the conditions of the construction site, and specifically at least one of natural compensators, sleeve-type, bellows, square or spherical compensators is selected.

[0027] Furthermore, the pipe laying operation in S107 specifically includes:

[0028] S801. The final pipe layout plan is uploaded to the AR device. The AR device generates an AR model based on the on-site terrain, and prefabricated pipe parts are manufactured in advance based on the AR model.

[0029] S802: Divide the construction area, allocate pipelines, prefabricated pipeline parts and accessories, and start construction in each area simultaneously;

[0030] S803. Clear underground and above-ground obstacles within the construction area;

[0031] S804. Underground pipelines and dangerous areas should be clearly marked;

[0032] S805. Determine the location and size of the pipeline based on the AR model, and based on the markings made in S804, excavate the pipeline trench and carry out pipe laying, diversion, cleaning and filling operations.

[0033] Furthermore, the pipe laying operation also includes position coding of on-site construction pipes, and corresponding one-to-one with the pipe positions of the pipe laying plan in the AR model. Each pipe is managed on an order basis. Construction personnel use AR equipment to scan the code on the pipe to claim and confirm the installation, and update the pipeline laying progress to the control platform in real time. The control platform regulates the site.

[0034] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0035] 1. Through the integration of BIM models and AR technology, construction workers can wear AR equipment to understand construction drawings and operating environments more clearly through three-dimensional models, making it less likely to make mistakes in construction direction and position, avoiding rework and thus improving construction efficiency. The use of BIM and AR software technology can reduce the workload of construction workers to a certain extent.

[0036] 2. Continuous optimization of the pipe layout plan using BIM technology can make the pipe layout plan more reasonable. By optimizing the heat loss of the thermal pipeline, the heat loss of the thermal pipeline can be reduced, the heating temperature of the thermal pipeline can be kept stable, and the addition of compensators can extend the service life of the thermal pipeline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the thermal network pipe laying method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following, in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, further describes in detail a BIM- and AR-based thermal network piping method of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a portion of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Combine Figure 1 The flowchart shown is a BIM and AR-based thermal network pipe layout method, which includes the following steps:

[0041] S101. Obtain terrain data through drone scanning and feed it into 3D modeling software in real time for 3D reconstruction of the terrain, thus establishing a terrain BIM module.

[0042] S102. Plan the starting and ending points of the main thermal pipeline and each branch thermal pipeline in the terrain BIM module, import the preset specifications and location parameters of the thermal pipeline, generate models of each thermal pipeline, and form a preliminary pipe routing plan. Specifically, the specifications of the thermal pipeline include wall thickness, pipe diameter, length, elastic modulus, linear expansion coefficient, material, heat transfer coefficient, stress bearing capacity, etc.

[0043] S103. Obtain information parameters of all underground pipelines in the pipe layout area and import them into 3D modeling software to convert the information parameters of the underground pipelines into an underground pipeline model. Specifically, AutoPIPE is selected as the 3D modeling software. The information parameters of the underground pipelines include the types of underground pipelines, corresponding pipeline specifications, and location parameters. The types of underground pipelines include gas pipelines, sewer pipelines, chemical pipelines, and cable pipelines.

[0044] S104. Perform simulated collision detection on all pipelines using 3D modeling software;

[0045] S105. If the thermal pipeline collides with other underground pipelines, proceed to S106; otherwise, proceed to S107.

[0046] S106. Obtain the actual location of all collision points and the safe distance data between the thermal pipeline and other underground pipelines, set sampling points on both sides of the pipeline line at the actual location and measure the soil hardness, where the measurement depth of the sampling points is 80 cm. The soil hardness is measured with a hardness meter using the soil firmness coefficient as an indicator; mark the sampling points with a soil firmness coefficient greater than 2.0 as obstacle points, and take the side without obstacle points as the offset direction of the thermal pipeline. If the sampling points on both sides of the thermal pipeline at the collision point are obstacle points, count the total number of obstacle points along both sides of the thermal pipeline respectively, take the side with the fewer number of obstacle points as the offset direction of the thermal pipeline, and perform range measurement on the obstacle points on the offset side and the thermal pipeline. Perform rerouting planning. In particular, if the thermal pipeline at the collision point is on the same horizontal plane as other underground pipelines, the thermal pipeline is preferentially offset upward by a corresponding safety distance. The side with fewer obstacles reflects, to a certain extent, that the geology is relatively soft, which can reduce the probability of the pipeline being blocked and reduce a certain amount of work intensity. Combined with the acquired safety distance data, offset parameters of the thermal pipeline at each collision point are generated, and imported into the 3D modeling software to reroute the pipeline, and then return to S104. The safety distance data is the minimum distance that must be maintained between the thermal pipeline and different underground pipelines to avoid mutual interference between the pipelines and to reduce safety hazards. The offset parameters of the thermal pipeline include offset direction and offset distance.

[0047] S107. Output the final pipe layout plan and upload it to the control platform in the form of an AR model. The control platform uses the AR perspective to match the actual terrain and comprehensively plan the layout of the thermal pipe network. Construction workers perform pipe layout operations through the local AR model. The AR model is generated and presented on the screen through AR glasses worn by construction workers.

[0048] Specifically, the obstacle points on the offset side are measured and the thermal pipeline is rerouted. The specific method is as follows:

[0049] S401: Using sampling points where the soil firmness coefficient is greater than a preset threshold as base points, measure the soil firmness coefficient using the bisection method at each point along the front and rear directions of the pipeline laying path to identify the hard soil edge and further determine the range of the obstacle point, i.e., gradually find and approach the hard soil edge using the bisection method;

[0050] S402: Draw a circumscribed circle around the edge of the hard soil and mark it as the diversion area;

[0051] S403. Make a circumscribed square along the circumscribed circle of the diversion area, and divert the pipe along the side of the circumscribed square in the same direction as the pipeline offset. The soil on the side of the pipeline offset direction has fewer obstacles and is easier to excavate, which can reduce the construction intensity to a certain extent.

[0052] As a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 106 further includes optimizing heat loss of the thermal pipeline, which comprises the following steps:

[0053] S601. Obtain terrain data and temperature data surrounding the pipeline, import the obtained terrain data and temperature data, and the preliminary thermal pipeline model into a heat conduction model, input the temperature T of the heat transfer medium inside the thermal pipeline, and perform a heat conduction simulation test between the thermal pipeline and the environment. The terrain data includes the geological type of the soil, the material of the building, and the thermal conductivity coefficients of the soil and the building. The temperature data is sampled from the lowest temperature day in the previous winter. The heat conduction model uses the heat conduction analysis module in Ansys software.

[0054] S602: Divide the thermal pipeline route into M segments, obtain the lowest temperature P of each thermal pipeline segment within a preset period, and calculate the heat loss per unit area of ​​each pipeline segment using the formula E = a(TP), where E is the heat loss per unit area in W / m2, and a is the heat transfer coefficient of the thermal pipeline in W / (m2·°C). M is determined based on the length of the thermal pipeline, which can be divided into 10-meter segments. The preset period is 1 day.

[0055] S603, increase the thickness of the thermal insulation layer of the thermal pipe of the pipe section where the heat loss per unit area is greater than the preset amount by one level. If the heat loss per unit area is N times the preset amount, increase the thickness of the thermal pipe of the corresponding pipe section by The thickness of the insulation layer, k is the insulation coefficient of the thermal pipe insulation layer, and its value is related to different insulation materials. It is expressed as the product of k and N, and then rounded up to an integer. In this embodiment, the preset amount is 5% of the total heat, and the thickness of the first level of the insulation layer is 10 mm.

[0056] In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, a compensator is also included in the pipe section where the temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in the temperature data is greater than the temperature difference threshold. The compensator is used to compensate for the axial, lateral and angular thermal deformation of the absorption pipe. It can be installed according to the conditions of the construction site. Specifically, at least one of the natural compensator, sleeve type, bellows, square or spherical compensator is selected. The temperature difference threshold in this embodiment is 10°C.

[0057] Specifically, the pipe laying operation in step S107 includes:

[0058] S701. The final pipe layout plan is uploaded to the AR device. The AR device generates an AR model based on the on-site terrain. Pipe prefabricated parts are manufactured in advance based on the AR model. Prefabricated parts can improve work efficiency.

[0059] S702. Divide the construction area, allocate pipelines, prefabricated pipeline parts, and accessories, and start construction in each area simultaneously. Allocate materials and personnel first, and then start construction in each area simultaneously to speed up the construction progress.

[0060] S703. Clear underground and above-ground obstacles in the construction area;

[0061] S704. Underground pipelines and dangerous areas should be clearly marked;

[0062] S705. Determine the location and size of the pipeline based on the AR model, and in combination with the markings made in S704, excavate the pipeline trench and carry out pipe laying, diversion, cleaning and filling operations.

[0063] As a better solution for pipe laying operations, the positions of on-site construction pipelines can be coded before the operation, and the positions of the pipelines in the pipe laying plan in the AR model can be matched one by one. Each pipeline is managed on an order-based basis. Construction personnel use AR glasses to scan the codes on the pipelines to claim and confirm the installation, and update the pipeline laying progress to the control platform in real time. The control platform regulates the site. The implementation of order-based management can ensure that the pipelines are placed in the right places and the problem of installing the wrong pipes will not occur.

[0064] The above-described embodiments merely represent preferred embodiments of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications, improvements, and substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A thermal network pipe layout method based on BIM and AR, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S101. Obtain terrain data through drone scanning and feed it into 3D modeling software in real time for 3D reconstruction of the terrain, thus establishing a terrain BIM module. S102: Planning the starting and ending points of the main thermal pipeline and each branch thermal pipeline in the terrain BIM module, importing the preset specification parameters and location parameters of the thermal pipeline, generating models of each thermal pipeline, and forming a preliminary pipe routing plan; S103, obtaining information parameters of all underground pipelines in the pipe layout area and importing them into 3D modeling software to convert the information parameters of the underground pipelines into an underground pipeline model; S104. Perform simulated collision detection on all pipelines using 3D modeling software; S105. If the thermal pipeline collides with other underground pipelines, proceed to S106; otherwise, proceed to S107. S106, measuring the soil hardness on both sides of the pipeline at the actual location corresponding to each collision point, and determining the pipeline offset direction and distance based on the soil hardness, and returning to S104; S107: Output the final pipe routing plan and upload it to the control platform in the form of an AR model. The control platform uses the AR perspective to match the actual terrain and comprehensively plan the heat pipe network layout. Construction personnel then perform pipe routing operations using the local AR model. The step S106 specifically includes: S201, obtaining the actual locations of all collision points and the safety distance data between the thermal pipeline and other underground pipelines; S202. Sampling points are set on both sides of the pipeline at the actual location and the soil hardness is measured. Sampling points with a soil firmness coefficient greater than a preset threshold are marked as obstacle points, and the side without obstacle points is taken as the offset direction of the thermal pipeline. If the sampling points on both sides of the thermal pipeline at the collision point are all obstacle points, the total number of obstacle points along both sides of the thermal pipeline is counted respectively, and the side with the fewer obstacle points is taken as the offset direction of the thermal pipeline. The range of the obstacle points on the offset side is measured and the thermal pipeline is rerouted. The offset parameters of the thermal pipeline at each collision point are generated in combination with the safety distance data, and the parameters are imported into the three-dimensional modeling software for pipeline route rerouting and reconstruction.

2. The method for laying out a thermal network pipe based on BIM and AR according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The measurement depth of the sampling point in S202 is 30-120 cm, and the soil hardness is measured using a hardness tester with the soil firmness coefficient as an indicator.

3. The method for laying out a thermal network pipe based on BIM and AR according to claim 1 is characterized in that: If the thermal pipeline at the collision point is on the same horizontal plane as other underground pipelines, the thermal pipeline should be offset upward by the safety distance.

4. The method for laying out a thermal network pipe based on BIM and AR according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific method for measuring the range of the obstacle point on the offset side and planning the rerouting of the thermal pipeline is as follows: S501: Taking a sampling point where the soil firmness coefficient is greater than a preset threshold as a base point, measure the soil firmness coefficient using the bisection method at points along the front and rear directions of the pipeline laying path to confirm the hard soil edge and thus determine the range of the obstacle point; S502: Draw a circumscribed circle around the edge of the hard soil and mark it as the diversion area; S503, making a circumscribed square along the circumscribed circle of the diverted area, and diverting the pipe laying along the side of the circumscribed square in the same direction as the pipeline offset.

5. The method for laying out a thermal network pipe based on BIM and AR according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step 106 also includes optimizing the heat loss of the thermal pipeline, which comprises the following steps: S601. Obtain terrain data and temperature data around the pipeline, import the obtained terrain data and temperature data and the preliminary thermal pipeline model into the heat conduction model, input the temperature T of the heat transfer medium inside the thermal pipeline, and perform a heat conduction simulation test between the thermal pipeline and the environment; S602. Divide the thermal pipeline route into M segments, obtain the lowest temperature P of each thermal pipeline segment within a preset period, and calculate the heat loss per unit area of ​​each pipeline segment using the formula E = a(TP), where E is the heat loss per unit area in W / m2, and a is the heat transfer coefficient of the thermal pipeline in W / (m2·°C); S603, increase the thickness of the thermal insulation layer of the thermal pipe of the pipe section where the heat loss per unit area is greater than the preset amount by one level. If the heat loss per unit area is N times the preset amount, increase the thickness of the thermal pipe of the corresponding pipe section by The thickness of the insulation layer is k, and the k is the insulation coefficient of the thermal pipe insulation layer.

6. The method for laying out a thermal network pipe based on BIM and AR according to claim 5 is characterized in that: It also includes adding compensators to pipe sections where the temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in the temperature data is greater than the temperature difference threshold. The compensators are installed according to the conditions of the construction site, and specifically at least one of natural compensators, sleeve-type, bellows, square or spherical compensators is selected.

7. The method for laying out a thermal network pipe based on BIM and AR according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pipe laying operation in S107 specifically includes: S801. The final pipe layout plan is uploaded to the AR device. The AR device generates an AR model based on the on-site terrain, and prefabricated pipe parts are manufactured in advance based on the AR model. S802: Divide the construction area, allocate pipelines, prefabricated pipeline parts and accessories, and start construction in each area simultaneously; S803. Clear underground and above-ground obstacles within the construction area; S804. Underground pipelines and dangerous areas should be clearly marked; S805. Determine the location and size of the pipeline based on the AR model, and based on the markings made in S804, excavate the pipeline trench and carry out pipe laying, diversion, cleaning and filling operations.

8. The method for laying out a thermal network pipe based on BIM and AR according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pipe laying operation also includes position coding of on-site construction pipes, which correspond one-to-one with the pipe positions in the pipe laying plan in the AR model. Each pipe is managed on an order-based basis. Construction personnel use AR equipment to scan the codes on the pipes to claim and confirm the installation, and update the pipeline laying progress to the control platform in real time. The control platform then regulates the site.

Images