An underwater generator with an internal turbine based on a sudden change in magnetic flux density

Abstract

This invention discloses an underwater generator based on a sudden change in magnetic flux density, relating to the field of underwater power generation devices. It includes a turbine, a housing, a magnet array, and a coil array. The magnet array and the coil array are arranged opposite each other. The magnet array includes several magnets arranged circumferentially on the turbine, with the S and N poles of adjacent magnets alternating. The coil array includes several coils arranged circumferentially on the housing. The turbine is located inside the housing, and the turbine and the housing are rotatably connected. This underwater generator based on a sudden change in magnetic flux density can convert water flow energy into electrical energy, enabling the storage of energy from the aquatic environment or direct power supply to underwater equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underwater power generation technology, and in particular to an internal turbine underwater generator based on a sudden change in magnetic flux density. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, due to the rapid and continuous development of industries worldwide, particularly industrial ones, global reserves of non-renewable fossil fuels such as coal and oil are decreasing at an alarming rate. Furthermore, the overuse of fossil fuels has caused severe pollution and damage to the Earth's environment. Therefore, humanity urgently needs to find clean energy sources to replace fossil fuels. The ocean contains enormous energy resources, such as tidal and wave energy, which are virtually inexhaustible and produce almost no pollution compared to fossil fuels. If we can improve the level and efficiency of utilizing these energy sources, humanity's energy problem will no longer be an issue, and it can greatly improve the severely damaged Earth's environment.

[0003] A generator is a device that converts other forms of energy, such as water flow energy, air flow energy, and energy released from fuel combustion, into electrical energy. Its applications are ubiquitous, ranging from everyday life to national defense technology and aerospace. However, the efficiency of utilizing various forms of water flow energy in water is currently not very high. As humanity continues to explore the oceans, improving the efficiency of powering electrical devices in the open ocean, and even ultimately providing electricity to humanity, has become a practical and urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an underwater generator based on a sudden change in magnetic flux density, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which can convert water flow energy into electrical energy, and can convert energy in the aquatic environment into electrical energy for storage or directly power underwater equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] This invention provides an internal turbine underwater generator based on a sudden change in magnetic flux density, comprising a turbine, a housing, a magnet array, and a coil array. The magnet array and the coil array are arranged opposite to each other. The magnet array includes a plurality of magnets, which are arranged circumferentially on the turbine. The S and N poles of adjacent magnets are alternately arranged. The coil array includes a plurality of coils, which are arranged circumferentially on the housing. The turbine is located inside the housing, and the turbine and the housing are rotatably connected.

[0007] Preferably, the turbine includes a plurality of blades and a blade seat, the blade seat being located inside the housing and having a hollow structure, the plurality of blades being arranged circumferentially along the blade seat, gaps existing between adjacent blades, the outer ends of the plurality of blades being connected to the inner side of the blade seat, the inner ends of the plurality of blades not contacting each other, and the plurality of magnets being arranged circumferentially along the outer side of the blade seat.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of the coils are arranged circumferentially on the inner side of the housing.

[0009] Preferably, the fan blade seat and the housing are rotatably connected by a bearing, the fan blade seat is connected to the inner ring of the bearing, and the housing is connected to the outer ring of the bearing.

[0010] Preferably, the front section and the rear section of the fan blade seat protrude from the bearing, the middle section of the fan blade seat is connected to the inner ring of the bearing, and the magnet is disposed in the groove of the rear section of the fan blade seat.

[0011] Preferably, the front section of the housing is connected to the outer ring of the bearing, the middle section of the housing is located at the end face of the bearing, the rear section of the housing is located outside the fan blade seat, the coil is disposed on the inner wall of the rear section of the housing, and there is a gap between the coil and the magnet.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a front cover, the front section of which is disposed outside the front section of the fan blade seat, and a first sealing ring is provided between the front section of the front cover and the front section of the fan blade seat. The front cover and the fan blade seat are slidably and sealingly connected. The middle section of the front cover is located at the other end face of the bearing, and the rear section of the front cover is located outside the front section of the housing. The front cover and the housing are detachably connected.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes a rear cover, which is disposed on the outer side of the rear section of the fan blade seat, and a second sealing ring is provided between the rear cover and the rear section of the fan blade seat. The rear cover is slidably and sealingly connected to the fan blade seat, and the rear cover is detachably connected to the housing.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0015] This invention utilizes the flow of water surrounding a generator to drive a turbine, which in turn rotates a magnet array. A coil array mounted on the casing continuously cuts the magnetic field lines of the magnet coils, generating an induced current and an induced electromotive force according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, thus converting water flow energy into electrical energy. The rotor of this invention is a magnet array, with the magnets arranged in an alternating N and S pole configuration. Therefore, when the water flow speed is the same and the rotational speed is the same, a higher frequency of magnetic flux density abrupt changes can be obtained. This invention can convert water flow energy into electrical energy, enabling the storage of energy from the aquatic environment or direct power supply to underwater devices. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the underwater generator with an internal turbine based on a sudden change in magnetic flux density according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the internal turbine underwater generator based on the sudden change in magnetic flux density of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal turbine underwater generator based on the sudden change in magnetic flux density of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a front view of the front cover of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 AA section view;

[0022] Figure 6 This is an isometric view of the fan blade holder of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a side view of the fan blade holder of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is an isometric view of the housing of the present invention;

[0025] Wherein: 1-fan blade, 2-first fastening screw, 3-fan blade seat, 4-magnet, 5-bearing, 6-housing, 7-coil, 8-rear cover, 9-second sealing ring, 10-third fastening screw, 11-front cover, 12-first sealing ring, 13-second fastening screw. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of this invention is to provide an underwater generator based on a sudden change in magnetic flux density, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which can convert water flow energy into electrical energy, and can convert energy in the aquatic environment into electrical energy for storage or directly power underwater equipment.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figures 1-8 As shown: This embodiment provides an internal turbine underwater generator based on a sudden change in magnetic flux density, including a turbine, a housing 6, a magnet array, and a coil array. The magnet array and the coil array are arranged opposite each other. The magnet array includes a plurality of magnets 4, preferably 20 permanent magnets 4, which are arranged on the turbine along the circumference of the turbine. The S and N poles of adjacent magnets 4 are alternately arranged, that is, the S and N poles of the same end of each magnet 4 are alternately arranged. The coil array includes a plurality of coils 7, which are arranged on the housing 6 along the circumference of the housing 6. The turbine is located inside the housing 6, and the turbine and the housing 6 are rotatably connected. In this embodiment, the turbine includes a plurality of blades 1 and blade seats 3. The blade seats 3 are located inside the housing 6 and have a hollow structure. The plurality of blades 1 are arranged along the circumference of the blade seats 3, and there are gaps between adjacent blades 1. The outer ends of the plurality of blades 1 are connected to the inner side of the blade seats 3 by a first fastening screw 2, and the inner ends of the plurality of blades 1 do not contact each other. The plurality of magnets 4 are arranged on the outer side of the blade seats 3 along the circumference of the blade seats 3. This embodiment utilizes the flow of water around the generator to drive a turbine, which in turn drives a magnet array. The coil array mounted on the housing 6 continuously cuts the magnetic field lines of the magnet 4 coils, generating an induced current and an induced electromotive force according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, thus converting water flow energy into electrical energy. In this embodiment, the rotor is a magnet array, and the magnets 4 are arranged with alternating N and S poles. Therefore, when the water flow speed is the same and the rotational speed is the same, a higher frequency of magnetic flux density abrupt change can be obtained. This embodiment can convert water flow energy into electrical energy, enabling the storage of energy from the aquatic environment or direct power supply to underwater equipment.

[0030] Specifically, the induced voltage in the coil can be calculated using the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] Where, Φ B =BS is the magnetic flux, and ε, N, B, S, θ, and t are the electromotive force, the number of turns in each coil, MFD (magnetic flux density), the effective area of ​​the coil, the rotor's rotation angle, and time, respectively. The total voltage output is the sum of the voltages from all the coils. According to the above formula, the magnitude of the voltage generated in the coil is closely related to the rate of change of MFD, which is determined by the time it takes for the magnetic flux to change to a constant. The magnet arrangement in a traditional electromagnetic transducer is a Halbach arrangement. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, since Φ B The Halbach magnetic field changes continuously on the magnet surface, and the transition is very smooth; therefore, in a Halbach arrangement, dΦ B / dθ is usually very small. However, when the magnetic flux changes abruptly in the circular direction, dΦ B When / dθ reaches its maximum value, a sudden change in magnetic flux will lead to a higher electromotive force.

[0033] In this embodiment, a plurality of coils 7 of the coil array are arranged along the circumference of the housing 6 on the inner side of the housing 6. Preferably, there are 20 coils 7 in this embodiment.

[0034] In this embodiment, the fan blade seat 3 and the housing 6 are rotatably connected by a bearing 5. The fan blade seat 3 is connected to the inner ring of the bearing 5, and the housing 6 is connected to the outer ring of the bearing 5. The bearing 5 adopts a motion mode in which the outer ring is fixed and the inner ring rotates to reduce the frictional force during the movement of the mechanism, thereby minimizing the energy loss during transmission and improving the energy conversion efficiency.

[0035] In this embodiment, the front section and the rear section of the fan blade seat 3 protrude from the bearing 5, respectively. A stepped shaft is provided between the front section and the middle section of the fan blade seat 3 for axial positioning. The middle section of the fan blade seat 3 is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the bearing 5. The magnet 4 is disposed in the groove of the rear section of the fan blade seat 3 through interference fit.

[0036] In this embodiment, the front section of the housing 6 is interference-fitted with the outer ring of the bearing 5, the middle section of the housing 6 is located at the end face of the bearing 5, a stepped shaft is provided between the front section and the middle section of the housing 6 for axial positioning, the rear section of the housing 6 is located outside the fan blade seat 3, the coil 7 is provided on the inner wall of the rear section of the housing 6, and there is a gap between the coil 7 and the magnet 4.

[0037] This embodiment also includes a front cover 11, the front section of which is located on the outer side of the front section of the fan blade seat 3, and a first sealing ring 12 is provided between the front section of the front cover 11 and the front section of the fan blade seat 3. Preferably, there are two first sealing rings 12, which are respectively located in the inner grooves of the front section of the front cover 11. The front cover 11 and the fan blade seat 3 are slidably and sealingly connected. The middle section of the front cover 11 is located at the other end face of the bearing 5, and the rear section of the front cover 11 is located on the outer side of the front section of the housing 6. The front cover 11 is detachably connected to the front side of the housing 6 by a second fastening screw 13. This embodiment also includes a rear cover 8, which is located on the outer side of the rear section of the fan blade seat 3, and a second sealing ring 9 is provided between the rear cover 8 and the rear section of the fan blade seat 3. Preferably, there are two second sealing rings 9, which are respectively located in the inner grooves of the rear cover 8. The rear cover 8 and the fan blade seat 3 are slidably and sealingly connected. The rear cover 8 is detachably connected to the rear side of the housing 6 by a third fastening screw 10. By setting the front cover 11 and the rear cover 8, the sealing requirements are met while minimizing the impact on the rotation of the turbine and bearing 5.

[0038] When external water with a certain velocity flows into the turbine, it drives the turbine to rotate, which in turn drives the fan blade holder 3 to rotate. The fan blade holder 3 then drives the magnet array to rotate, and the N pole and S pole of every pair of adjacent magnets 4 in the magnet array are close together. There is a sudden change in magnetic flux density at the junction of the N and S pole magnets 4 in the magnet array. At the corresponding position in the housing 6, there is a coil array as a stator. When relative motion occurs between the magnet array and the coil 7, according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, a current will be generated in the closed coil 7, thereby achieving the purpose of converting the mechanical energy of the water flow into electrical energy.

[0039] The power generation capacity of the internal turbine underwater generator based on the abrupt change in magnetic flux density in this embodiment is not constant, but is affected by the external water flow velocity. The faster the external water flow velocity is relative to the generator, the higher the generator efficiency and the stronger its power generation capacity.

[0040] The underwater generator based on the sudden change in magnetic flux density in this embodiment adopts an internal turbine structure. Under the same external water flow speed, the coil 7 can cut the magnetic field lines at a faster speed, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. In addition, the fan blade 1 is installed on the inner ring of the outer fan blade seat 3, making the structure more stable, able to withstand greater water flow speed and water pressure, and with a longer service life.

[0041] The rotor of the internal turbine underwater generator based on the flux density mutation in this embodiment is a magnet array composed of several magnets 4, which is installed in the groove of the rotatable fan blade seat 3; the stator is a coil array composed of several coils 7, which is installed on the fixed housing 6. The magnets 4 are made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, which can reduce the size of the generator to a certain extent and make it easier to manufacture.

[0042] In this embodiment, the magnet array of the internal turbine underwater generator based on the change in magnetic flux density adopts a structure in which the N and S poles of permanent magnets are arranged alternately, and the N and S pole magnets 4 are arranged in a cylindrical structure, so that a change in magnetic flux density can be generated at the junction of the N and S poles. When the water flow drives the internal turbine fan blade 1 to rotate, thereby driving the rotor of the magnet array to rotate, an alternating magnetic field is generated.

[0043] The internal turbine underwater generator based on the sudden change in magnetic flux density in this embodiment introduces a larger number of magnetic pole pairs, which can achieve a higher relative angular velocity at the same water flow speed, i.e. the same rotation speed, thereby increasing the output voltage and further improving the efficiency of the generator.

[0044] The internal turbine underwater generator based on the magnetic flux density mutation in this embodiment has fewer external parts and a strong sense of integration, which improves its waterproof capability to a certain extent.

[0045] The internal turbine underwater generator based on the sudden change in magnetic flux density in this embodiment realizes the conversion of mechanical energy from water flow into electrical energy in terms of structure. It can convert the energy in the surrounding water environment into electrical energy for storage or directly power underwater equipment.

[0046] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underwater generator with an internal turbine based on a sudden change in magnetic flux density, characterized in that: The device includes a turbine, a housing, a magnet array, and a coil array. The magnet array and the coil array are arranged opposite to each other. The magnet array includes a plurality of magnets, which are arranged on the turbine along the circumference of the turbine. The S and N poles of adjacent magnets are alternately arranged. The coil array includes a plurality of coils, which are arranged on the housing along the circumference of the housing. The turbine is located inside the housing, and the turbine and the housing are rotatably connected. The turbine includes a plurality of blades and a blade seat. The blade seat is located inside the housing. The plurality of blades are arranged circumferentially along the blade seat. The outer ends of the plurality of blades are connected to the inner side of the blade seat. The plurality of magnets are arranged circumferentially along the outer side of the blade seat. The fan blade seat and the housing are rotatably connected by a bearing, the fan blade seat is connected to the inner ring of the bearing, and the housing is connected to the outer ring of the bearing; The front section and the rear section of the fan blade seat protrude from the bearing, the middle section of the fan blade seat is connected to the inner ring of the bearing, and the magnet is disposed in the groove of the rear section of the fan blade seat. The front section of the housing is connected to the outer ring of the bearing, the middle section of the housing is located at the end face of the bearing, the rear section of the housing is located outside the fan blade seat, the coil is disposed on the inner wall of the rear section of the housing, and there is a gap between the coil and the magnet. It also includes a front cover, the front section of which is disposed outside the front section of the fan blade seat, and a first sealing ring is provided between the front section of the front cover and the front section of the fan blade seat. The front cover and the fan blade seat are slidably and sealingly connected. The middle section of the front cover is located at the other end face of the bearing, and the rear section of the front cover is located outside the front section of the housing. The front cover and the housing are detachably connected. It also includes a rear cover, which is disposed on the outer side of the rear section of the fan blade seat, and a second sealing ring is provided between the rear cover and the rear section of the fan blade seat. The rear cover is slidably and sealingly connected to the fan blade seat, and the rear cover is detachably connected to the housing.

2. The underwater generator based on a sudden change in magnetic flux density according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are gaps between adjacent fan blades, and the inner ends of some of the fan blades do not contact each other.

3. The underwater generator based on a sudden change in magnetic flux density according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several of the coils are arranged circumferentially on the inner side of the housing.

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