Non-contact shaking pulse generator and method based on programmable nanofriction generator mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a non-contact shaking pulse generator and method based on a programmable nanometer friction generator mechanism, which comprises a stator, a rotor, a plurality of electrode assemblies and a plurality of switch assemblies. The rotor is arranged to swing in the stator. The electrode assembly comprises a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate. A plurality of first electrode plates are arranged to be spaced and stacked on the stator. A plurality of second electrode plates are arranged to be spaced and stacked on the rotor. The plurality of first electrode plates and the plurality of second electrode plates are arranged to be staggered with each other. The swing structure is arranged to swing in the stator. The swing structure requires a small external driving force. The relative movement between the electrodes and the control of the switch assemblies are realized by the swing of the rotor. The non-contact friction is not required. The energy consumed by the friction heat can be reduced. The external driving force required is small. The multilayer stacking is realized to increase the electric energy output. The current pulse output with a high frequency is realized. The energy density is improved. The application has the advantages of wide applicability and strong expansibility.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy collection, in particular to a non-contact shaking pulse generator and method based on programmable nanofriction power generation mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] The friction nanogenerator is a popular research direction of energy collection in recent years. The basic principle of the traditional nanofriction power generator is that static electricity will be generated on the surface of two dielectrics during contact and friction. When the distance between the two dielectrics changes, the static electricity on the surface will induce a changing current on the electrode at the back of the dielectric, thus generating energy. However, in actual application, there are still many technical problems, which leads to the fact that it has not been commercialized: 1) for the friction nanogenerator mechanism based on lateral friction, the power generation per operation is too small, and most of the energy is converted into heat energy through friction heating, which consumes the friction layer material, and thus affects the durability of the friction power generator. 2) Due to the existence of physical contact friction, the mechanical mechanism of the traditional friction nanogenerator needs a large external driving force. When the external environment has only a slight mechanical shaking (such as a person walking), the corresponding mechanical structure cannot be effectively driven for power generation. 3) The traditional triboelectricity needs a driving force proportional to the effective area of the device due to the existence of friction. Therefore, the multi-layer stacked device is difficult to drive due to the increase of the effective area. 4) The traditional triboelectricity cannot realize high-frequency operation due to the existence of friction. The low frequency of the current pulse leads to low energy density. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present application proposes a non-contact shaking pulse generator and method based on programmable nanofriction power generation mechanism, which can reduce the energy consumed by friction heating, requires a smaller external driving force, realizes multi-layer stacking to increase the output of electric energy, and has a higher frequency of current pulse output, improves the energy density, and has the advantages of wide applicability and strong expansibility.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the application provides a non-contact shaking pulse generator based on a programmable nanometer friction generator mechanism, comprising a stator, a rotor, a plurality of electrode assemblies and a plurality of switch assemblies, the rotor is swingably arranged in the stator, the electrode assembly comprises a corresponding first electrode plate and a second electrode plate, a plurality of the first electrode plates are arranged in a spaced stacked manner on the stator, a plurality of the second electrode plates are arranged in a spaced stacked manner on the rotor, and a plurality of the first electrode plates and a plurality of the second electrode plates are arranged in an interlaced manner, the first electrode plate is provided with an electrode A and an electrode C in a spaced manner, the second electrode plate is provided with an electrode B and an electrode D in a spaced manner, the electrode A, the electrode C, the electrode B and the electrode D are all coated with a dielectric, and the same electrodes are electrically connected to each other, a plurality of the switch assemblies are arranged on the stator, and a plurality of the switch assemblies are arranged in a corresponding manner with a plurality of the electrode assemblies, the electrode A and the electrode C, the electrode B and the electrode D, and the electrode C and the electrode D are all connected to the switch assemblies; the rotor is configured to be able to swing in the stator under external driving and control the switch assemblies, the rotor has a first state and a second state, when in the first state, the electrode A is opposite to the electrode B, the electrode A is conductive to the electrode C, and the electrode B is conductive to the electrode D; when in the second state, the electrode B is opposite to the electrode C, the electrode A is opposite to the electrode D, and the electrode C is conductive to the electrode D.

[0005] Further, the switch assembly comprises a first switch, a second switch and a third switch, the electrode A and the electrode C are connected to the first switch, the electrode B and the electrode D are connected to the second switch, and the electrode C and the electrode D are connected to the third switch.

[0006] Further, the stator has a first side and a second side along the swing direction of the rotor, the first electrode plate is arranged close to the first side, and the electrode C and the electrode B are arranged close to the first side.

[0007] Further, the first switch and the second switch are arranged on the side wall of the second side of the stator, and the third switch is arranged on the side wall of the first side of the stator, when in the first state, the rotor is in contact with the first switch and the second switch to be conductive, and when in the second state, the rotor is in contact with the third switch to be conductive.

[0008] Further, the first switch, the second switch and the third switch are all metal compression springs.

[0009] Further, the stator has a cavity in the shape of a fan, the rotor is located in the cavity, and the shape of the rotor is matched with the cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotor and the stator are oscillatingly connected via bearings.

[0011] Furthermore, the stator has a plurality of first mounting slots spaced apart at the end away from the bearing, and the rotor has a plurality of second mounting slots spaced apart at the end away from the bearing. The first electrode plates are mounted in the first mounting slots one by one, and the second electrode plates are mounted in the second mounting slots one by one.

[0012] Furthermore, electrodes A, C, B, and D are provided with contact points. The contact points of electrodes A and C are inserted into the first mounting groove and extend outward. The rotor has a slot, and the contact points of electrodes B and D are inserted into the second mounting groove and extend to the slot.

[0013] The present invention also provides a pulse generation method for a non-contact shaking pulse generator based on a programmable nano-triboelectric generator as described above. Under external drive, the rotor oscillates back and forth between a first state and a second state. When the rotor is in the first state, electrode A is opposite to electrode B, and the rotor control switch assembly connects electrode A to electrode C and electrode B to electrode D. When in the second state, electrode B is opposite to electrode C and electrode A is opposite to electrode D, and the rotor control switch assembly connects electrode C to electrode D.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this invention employs a oscillating structure where the rotor oscillates within the stator. This oscillation requires less external driving force and utilizes a multi-layered stacked electrode configuration. The rotor oscillation achieves relative positioning between electrodes and control of the switching components, eliminating the need for actual contact friction. This minimizes energy consumption in frictional heating, resulting in higher power generation efficiency. Components also exhibit better durability, reducing the need for frequent replacements. Even slight mechanical vibrations (such as walking) are sufficient to drive the system to generate electricity due to the oscillation mechanism and the absence of contact friction between the electrodes. The reduced driving force, achieved through multi-layered stacking, significantly increases output. Higher frequency current pulse output is possible, improving energy density. During operation, charge continuously accumulates on specific electrodes and is generated and output on the remaining electrodes. Compared to traditional triboelectric nanogenerators, this invention not only generates more power per operation after several cycles but also significantly increases the cumulative power generation. In this invention's multi-layered structure, output performance is directly related to the number of layers; increasing or decreasing the number of electrode layers controls the peak output voltage. This invention relates to a wobbling multilayer self-powered pulse generator based on the principle of a programmable nano-triboelectric generator. Employing a switching discharge mechanism, it generates pulses with high instantaneous voltage through the generation, transfer, and output of charge between plates, resulting in high power generation capacity and efficiency. Furthermore, it offers excellent portability and operability. Its multilayer structure allows for quantitative control of the peak output voltage, making it widely applicable and highly scalable. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure One ;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure Two ;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure Three ;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure Four ;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure Five ;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure Six;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation procedure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the test output voltage of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Wherein, 1 is the stator, 2 is the rotor, 3 is the bearing, 4 is the switch assembly, 5 is the first electrode plate, 6 is the second electrode plate, 7 is the contact, 8 is the first mounting slot, and 9 is the second mounting slot. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See Figures 1 to 8 This invention provides a non-contact shaking pulse generator based on a programmable nano-triboelectric generator, comprising a stator 1, a rotor 2, multiple electrode assemblies, and multiple switching assemblies 4. The rotor 2 is oscillatingly disposed within the stator 1. The electrode assemblies include correspondingly disposed first electrode plates 5 and second electrode plates 6. Multiple first electrode plates 5 are stacked and arranged at intervals on the stator 1, and multiple second electrode plates 6 are stacked and arranged at intervals on the rotor 2, with the multiple first electrode plates 5 and multiple second electrode plates 6 arranged alternately. The first electrode plates 5 are provided with electrodes A and C at intervals, and the second electrode plates 6 are provided with electrodes B and D at intervals. Electrodes A, C, B, and D are all... The stator 1 is covered with a dielectric material, and the same electrodes are electrically connected to each other. Multiple switching components 4 are disposed on the stator 1, and the multiple switching components 4 are disposed corresponding to multiple electrode components. Electrodes A and C, B and D, and C and D are all connected to the switching components 4. The rotor 2 is configured to swing within the stator 1 under external drive and control the switching components 4. The rotor 2 has a first state and a second state. When it is in the first state, electrodes A and B are opposite each other, electrodes A and C are connected, and electrodes B and D are connected. When it is in the second state, electrodes B and C are opposite each other, electrodes A and D are opposite each other, and electrodes C and D are connected.

[0027] In this embodiment, the rotor 2 and stator 1 are oscillatingly connected via bearing 3. The electrodes are fabricated using printed circuit boards (PCBs). Electrodes A, B, C, and D are all located inside the PCB, ensuring that the electrodes are encased in insulating and dielectric materials, and that each electrode is insulated from the others. Electrodes A and C are on one PCB (first electrode plate 5), and electrodes B and D are on another PCB (second electrode plate 6). Each electrode has a contact 7, which can be used to connect all identical electrodes, such as multiple A electrodes connected together. In this embodiment, electrodes A and C are mounted on stator 1, and electrodes B and D are mounted on rotor 2. Stator 1 and rotor 2 both realize the oscillating function of the device and serve as the PCB carrying the electrodes. This embodiment forms a multi-layer stacked structure, with multiple devices stacked in space and connected in parallel electrically to achieve higher energy output. The number of layers can be freely selected according to specific needs.

[0028] Specifically, the switch assembly 4 includes a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch. Electrode A and electrode C are connected to the first switch, electrode B and electrode D are connected to the second switch, and electrode C and electrode D are connected to the third switch.

[0029] Preferably, the stator 1 has a first side and a second side along the swing direction of the rotor 2, the first electrode plate 5 is disposed near the first side, and the electrode C and the electrode B are disposed near the first side.

[0030] Preferably, the first switch and the second switch are disposed on the side wall of the second side of the stator 1, and the third switch is disposed on the side wall of the first side of the stator 1. When in the first state, the rotor 2 is in contact with the first switch and the second switch and conducts electricity; when in the second state, the rotor 2 is in contact with the third switch and conducts electricity.

[0031] More preferably, the first, second, and third switches are all metal springs. Metal springs with suitable elastic modulus can not only directly connect the electrodes and transfer charge, but also, during the device's shaking process, the mechanical energy of rotor 2 can be converted into the elastic potential energy of the spring, and then into the kinetic energy of rotor 2. When there is only slight mechanical shaking from the outside (such as a person walking), the device can operate after multiple shaking cycles.

[0032] Preferably, the stator 1 has a fan-shaped cavity, and the rotor 2 is located in the cavity, with the shape of the rotor 2 matching the cavity. The stator 1 and rotor 2 are roughly fan-shaped, and the apex of the fan is oscillatingly connected by a bearing 3. The oscillation angle of the rotor 2 can be minimized. The oscillation angle of the oscillating structure determines its operability. Minimizing the oscillation angle can also reduce the size of the device and increase the oscillation frequency. The use of a multi-layered mechanical structure is beneficial to leveraging the advantages of layered devices, optimizing the spatial structure of the device, and improving output energy and output efficiency.

[0033] Preferably, the stator 1 is provided with a plurality of first mounting slots 8 at intervals at one end away from the bearing 3, and the rotor 2 is provided with a plurality of second mounting slots 9 at intervals at one end away from the bearing 3. The first electrode plates 5 are installed in the first mounting slots 8 one by one, and the second electrode plates 6 are installed in the second mounting slots 9 one by one.

[0034] More preferably, electrodes A, C, B, and D are provided with contacts 7. The contacts 7 of electrodes A and C are inserted into the first mounting groove 8 and extend outward. The rotor 2 has a slot, and the contacts 7 of electrodes B and D are inserted into the second mounting groove 9 and extend to the slot. The contacts 7 are used to achieve connection between the electrodes and to connect the corresponding spring switches.

[0035] This embodiment features a multi-layered stacked design, where each layer is a layered mechanical structure that physically implements the program. The structure includes a stator 1, a rotor 2, a bearing 3, three spring switches, and four electrodes per layer. The stator 1 and rotor 2 have the same number of slots for electrode fixation, with the electrodes alternately fixed to the stator 1 and rotor 2. The multi-layered devices are spatially stacked, and electrically, the corresponding electrodes in each layer are connected in parallel, effectively increasing the electrode area of ​​the device. The cyclical repetition of the first and second states enables a program for cyclically amplifying energy and charge. This program achieves the most efficient energy gain while minimizing the required number of electrodes, switching operations, and physical implementation complexity. The electrodes of this invention do not require grounding but are interconnected. This eliminates the need for grounding throughout the entire operation, making it more suitable for implementing independent, portable devices.

[0036] This invention also provides a pulse generation method for the aforementioned non-contact shaking pulse generator based on a programmable nano-triboelectric generator. Under external drive, rotor 2 oscillates back and forth between a first state and a second state. When rotor 2 is in the first state, electrode A and electrode B are opposite each other, and rotor 2 controls switch assembly 4 to connect electrode A and electrode C, and electrode B and electrode D. When in the second state, electrode B and electrode C are opposite each other, and electrode A and electrode D are opposite each other. Rotor 2 controls switch assembly 4 to connect electrode C and electrode D, repeating the cycle between the first and second states to achieve electrical energy output. During the cyclic operation, the charge in the system accumulates to the maximum value (generally around 1kV-2kV) that causes inter-plate capacitance breakdown, thus achieving higher energy and simplifying the operation. The operation program achieves cyclic amplification of energy and charge, achieving the most efficient energy gain while minimizing the required number of electrodes, switching operations, and physical implementation difficulty.

[0037] The method of this invention doubles the charge in each operation, thus eliminating the need to increase the charge generated by friction on the dielectric surface. This approach can use identical materials, generating only a tiny amount of charge during friction, which accumulates to the maximum value required for capacitor breakdown during cyclic operation. Furthermore, direct physical contact between rotor 1 and stator 2 is not mandatory; as long as there is an initial charge on the dielectric, charge accumulation can still be achieved without friction between the dielectric materials. Therefore, its output capability in a stable output state is unaffected by the dielectric material. High-voltage outputs above 1kV can generally be achieved directly, a capability unattainable by conventional triboelectric nanogenerators.

[0038] To illustrate the advantages of this invention, tests were conducted. Stator 1 and rotor 2 were both made of 3D-printed resin material. Electrodes A and C, as well as electrodes B and D, were made from printed circuit boards. Miniature bearings with an inner diameter of 4mm and an outer diameter of 10mm were used. A 0.4mm diameter stainless steel compression spring was used as the mechanical switch, and 0.25mm diameter 30# flying wire was used as the circuit connection wire. The components were assembled into an assembly. The device was connected to an oscilloscope for testing. Under shaking conditions, its voltage output capability was as follows: Figure 9 As shown, it can generate pulses with high instantaneous voltage, resulting in higher power generation and efficiency, and improved energy density.

[0039] Based on the principle of programmable triboelectric nanogenerators, this invention proposes a non-contact, multi-layered shaking mechanical structure with broad applicability and strong scalability, effectively overcoming or improving the technical difficulties in existing technologies. This mechanical structure can effectively collect the mechanical energy (such as shaking) generated by the human body or animal during movement and convert it into electrical energy to power mobile devices or output high-frequency, high-voltage pulses. Its power generation efficiency and output are superior to other existing power generation devices based on triboelectric nanogenerators. This invention does not require actual contact friction, thus minimizing energy consumption for frictional heating, resulting in high power generation efficiency and improved device durability, reducing the need for frequent device replacements and lowering costs. Since no contact friction between the plates is required, even slight shaking (such as walking) can effectively drive the system to generate electricity, greatly reducing the required driving force. Therefore, multi-layered stacked devices can be implemented to increase output. Combined with a spring switch mechanical design, higher frequency current pulse output can be achieved, improving energy density. During operation, charge continuously accumulates on specific plates and is generated and output on the remaining plates. Compared to traditional triboelectric nanogenerators, after several cycles, not only is the power generation per operation greater, but the cumulative total power generation is also far greater than that of traditional devices. In the multilayer structure of this invention, the output performance is directly related to the number of layers; increasing or decreasing the number of layers in the triboelectric nanogenerator can control the peak value of the output voltage. This invention is a wobbling multilayer self-powered pulse generator designed based on the principle of a programmable triboelectric nanogenerator. It uses a switching discharge method, generating pulses with high instantaneous voltage through the generation, transfer, and output of charge between plates, resulting in high power generation and efficiency. Furthermore, this wobbling multilayer self-powered pulse generator has good portability and operability, and its multilayer structure allows for quantitative control of the peak value of the output voltage.

[0040] In addition to its use in energy harvesting (i.e., power generation), this invention can also be used for the following purposes: nerve electrical stimulation: the device can generate pulse voltage output by slight shaking, which can be used for nerve electrical stimulation and nerve fatigue recovery. If the device is miniaturized, it can realize implantable self-powered nerve electrical stimulation; long-distance radio transmission: connecting a corresponding inductor to the output end can form an oscillating circuit, which can transmit electromagnetic waves at a voltage in the kV range to realize long-distance radio transmission.

[0041] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-contact shaking pulse generator based on a programmable nano-triboelectric generator, characterized in that, The device includes a stator (1), a rotor (2), multiple electrode assemblies, and multiple switch assemblies (4). The rotor (2) is oscillatingly disposed within the stator (1). The electrode assembly includes correspondingly disposed first electrode plates (5) and second electrode plates (6). Multiple first electrode plates (5) are stacked and arranged at intervals on the stator (1), and multiple second electrode plates (6) are stacked and arranged at intervals on the rotor (2). The multiple first electrode plates (5) and multiple second electrode plates (6) are arranged alternately. The first electrode plates (5) are provided with electrodes A and C at intervals, and the second electrode plates are provided with electrodes C at intervals. (6) Electrodes B and D are spaced apart. Electrodes A, C, B, and D are all covered with a dielectric material and are electrically connected to each other. Multiple switch components (4) are disposed on the stator (1), and the multiple switch components (4) are disposed corresponding to the multiple electrode components. Electrodes A and C, B and D, and C and D are all connected to the switch components (4). The rotor (2) is configured to swing within the stator (1) under external drive and control the switches. Component (4), the rotor (2) has a first state and a second state. When in the first state, electrode A is opposite to electrode B, electrode A is connected to electrode C, and electrode B is connected to electrode D. When in the second state, electrode B is opposite to electrode C, electrode A is opposite to electrode D, and electrode C is connected to electrode D. The switching component (4) includes a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch. Electrode A and electrode C are connected to the first switch, electrode B and electrode D are connected to the second switch, and electrode C... The stator (1) is connected to the third switch between the electrode D and the first electrode plate (5) and the third switch. The first electrode plate (5) is disposed near the first side, and the electrode C and the electrode B are disposed near the first side. The first switch and the second switch are disposed on the side wall of the second side of the stator (1), and the third switch is disposed on the side wall of the first side of the stator (1). When in the first state, the rotor (2) is in contact with the first switch and the second switch and conducts; when in the second state, the rotor (2) is in contact with the third switch and conducts.

2. The non-contact shaking pulse generator based on a programmable nano-triboelectric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first switch, the second switch, and the third switch are all metal compression springs.

3. The non-contact shaking pulse generator based on a programmable nano-triboelectric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator (1) has a fan-shaped cavity, and the rotor (2) is located in the cavity. The shape of the rotor (2) is adapted to the cavity.

4. The non-contact shaking pulse generator based on a programmable nano-triboelectric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor (2) and the stator (1) are oscillatingly connected by bearings (3).

5. The non-contact shaking pulse generator based on a programmable nano-triboelectric generator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The stator (1) has a plurality of first mounting slots (8) spaced apart at one end away from the bearing (3), and the rotor (2) has a plurality of second mounting slots (9) spaced apart at one end away from the bearing (3). The first electrode plates (5) are installed in the first mounting slots (8) one by one, and the second electrode plates (6) are installed in the second mounting slots (9) one by one.

6. The non-contact shaking pulse generator based on a programmable nano-triboelectric generator according to claim 5, characterized in that, Electrode A, electrode C, electrode B and electrode D are provided with contact points (7). The contact points (7) of electrode A and electrode C are inserted into the first mounting groove (8) and extend outward. The rotor (2) is provided with a slot. The contact points (7) of electrode B and electrode D are inserted into the second mounting groove (9) and extend to the slot.

7. The pulse generation method of the non-contact shaking pulse generator based on a programmable nano-triboelectric generator mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Driven by an external force, the rotor (2) oscillates back and forth between the first state and the second state. When the rotor (2) is in the first state, electrode A is opposite to electrode B, and the rotor (2) controls the switch assembly (4) to make electrode A and electrode C conduct, and electrode B and electrode D conduct. When it is in the second state, electrode B and electrode C are opposite, electrode A and electrode D are opposite, and the rotor (2) controls the switch assembly (4) to make electrode C and electrode D conduct.

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