A neutron energy conversion device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of neutron processing technology and provides a neutron energy conversion device, comprising a neutron channel and a magnetic field device. A polarized neutron beam moves in the Z direction in the neutron channel. The neutron channel includes an energy conversion section, which includes a forward region, a central region, and a reverse region. The forward region is upstream of the central region in the Z direction, and the reverse region is downstream of the central region in the Z direction. The magnetic field device is disposed on the periphery of the energy conversion section and is configured to generate an alternating non-uniform magnetic field in the energy conversion section. The magnetic field gradient of the alternating non-uniform magnetic field is in the Z direction, and the magnetic field gradient of the central region is zero. When the polarized neutron beam moves to the forward region, the magnetic field direction of the forward region is opposite to that of the reverse region when the polarized neutron beam moves to the reverse region. The neutron energy conversion device of the present application has a relatively high neutron yield and a wide energy spectrum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of neutron processing, and in particular to a neutron energy conversion device. Background Art

[0002] Neutrons have a very wide range of applications. For example, neutrons can be used for nuclear data measurement in nuclear physics, neutron scattering in materials research, online analytical testing and non-destructive testing in the industrial field, neutron irradiation breeding in the agricultural field, resource exploration in the energy field, radiotherapy and isotope production in the medical field, and explosives and drug detection in the security field.

[0003] The above-mentioned different applications have different requirements for neutron energy. Neutron sources that can provide the required neutrons include nuclear reactors, electron accelerator target neutron sources, proton and deuterium ion accelerator target neutron sources, neutron tubes, radioactive isotopes, or spallation neutron sources.

[0004] However, although the neutron yield of neutron sources such as nuclear reactors, electron accelerator target neutron sources, proton and deuterium ion accelerator target neutron sources is high, their neutron energy spectrum range is narrow and cannot meet all the above application requirements.

[0005] Neutron sources such as neutron tubes and radioactive isotopes have low neutron yields and are monoenergetic, which cannot meet the requirements of the above applications for different neutron energies.

[0006] Although the spallation neutron source has high output and a wide energy spectrum, its structure is large and complex, and its construction and operation costs are high.

[0007] Because neutrons have no charge, they cannot be affected by electric fields and change their energy after being generated from a neutron source. To change the energy of neutrons, related technologies have used neutrons to collide with other substances, exchanging energy and thus reducing their energy. However, this method can only reduce neutron energy, not increase it. To achieve this, it is necessary to build a large spallation neutron source to obtain high-energy neutrons and then slow them down to the required energy. However, this process results in the loss of a large number of neutrons. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present application hopes to provide a neutron energy conversion device that can change the neutron energy.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a neutron energy conversion device, including:

[0010] a neutron channel in which the polarized neutron beam moves along the Z direction, the neutron channel comprising an energy-varying section, the energy-varying section comprising a forward region, a central region, and a reverse region, the forward region being located upstream of the central region along the Z direction, and the reverse region being located downstream of the central region along the Z direction;

[0011] A magnetic field device is arranged on the periphery of the energy changing section, and is configured to generate an alternating non-uniform magnetic field in the energy changing section, wherein the magnetic field gradient direction of the alternating non-uniform magnetic field is in the Z direction; the central area is the center of the alternating non-uniform magnetic field, and the magnetic field gradient of the central area is zero; when the polarized neutron beam moves to the forward area, the magnetic field direction of the forward area is opposite to that of the reverse area when the polarized neutron beam moves to the reverse area.

[0012] In some embodiments, the magnetic field device includes a solenoid coil for generating the alternating non-uniform magnetic field.

[0013] In some embodiments, the waveform of the excitation current of the solenoid coil is a sinusoidal waveform.

[0014] In some embodiments, the magnetic field device includes a radio frequency resonator for generating the alternating non-uniform magnetic field.

[0015] In some embodiments, the number of the magnetic field devices and the number of the energy-changing segments are both plural, the multiple energy-changing segments are arranged along the Z direction, and each energy-changing segment is correspondingly provided with a magnetic field device.

[0016] In some embodiments, the neutron energy conversion device includes a neutron polarization device for generating the polarized neutron beam, the neutron polarization device is located upstream of the neutron channel along the Z direction, and the polarized neutrons generated by the neutron polarization device are oriented in the Z direction.

[0017] In some embodiments, the neutron polarization device includes a polarized ion source, which generates the polarized neutron beam by fusion of polarized deuterium ions.

[0018] In some embodiments, the neutron polarization device includes a polarizer and a neutron source capable of generating a neutron beam, and the polarizer is capable of polarizing the neutron beam generated by the neutron source into the polarized neutron beam.

[0019] In some embodiments, the polarizer includes a neutron activator, a neutron tumbler, a neutron filter, or a neutron analyzer.

[0020] The neutron energy conversion device provided in the embodiment of the present application utilizes an alternating non-uniform magnetic field to accelerate or decelerate neutrons, that is, utilizes an alternating non-uniform magnetic field to realize neutron energy conversion, and can arbitrarily change the speed of neutrons. In other words, the neutron energy conversion device of the present application can obtain neutrons of various energies; since there is no need for neutrons to collide with matter for energy conversion to change the energy of neutrons, a large amount of neutron loss can be avoided; thus, the neutron energy conversion device of the present application has a relatively high neutron yield and a wide energy spectrum range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the attraction exerted on polarized neutrons in one embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a polarized neutron subjected to repulsive force in one embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the change in magnetic field intensity of an alternating non-uniform magnetic field over time in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an energy-changing section in one embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of magnetic field distribution at a moment in the energy changing section shown;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of magnetic field distribution at another moment in the energy changing section shown.

[0027] Description of Reference Numerals

[0028] Energy conversion section 1000; forward region 100; central region 200; reverse region 300; magnetic lines of force 10; electric lines of force 20. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] It should be noted that, unless there is a conflict, the embodiments and technical features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, and the detailed description in the specific implementation method should be understood as an explanation of the purpose of this application and should not be regarded as an improper restriction on this application.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present application, the "Z direction" orientation or position relationship is based on Figure 4 It should be understood that these directional terms are only used to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting this application. The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] An embodiment of the present application provides a neutron energy conversion device, which includes a neutron channel and a magnetic field device.

[0032] The polarized neutron beam moves in the Z direction in the neutron channel. In other words, the neutron channel provides space for the polarized neutron beam to move in the Z direction.

[0033] Although neutrons have no charge, they do have a magnetic moment of 1.41×10⁻²⁶ J / T (joules per tesla). A polarized neutron beam is one in which the magnetic dipole moments of the polarized neutrons are aligned in the same direction. The magnetic moment of polarized neutrons is oriented in the Z direction.

[0034] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 The neutron channel includes an energy variable section 1000, which includes a forward region 100, a central region 200, and a reverse region 300. The forward region 100 is located upstream of the central region 200 along the Z direction, and the reverse region 300 is located downstream of the central region 200 along the Z direction. Specifically, the neutron channel has an injection port and an ejection port. The polarized neutron beam enters the neutron channel from the injection port, is transformed in energy by the energy variable section 1000, and then is ejected from the ejection port. The Z direction is the direction from the injection port to the ejection port. In each energy variable section 1000, the forward region 100 is located on the side of the central region 200 close to the injection port, and the reverse region 300 is located on the side of the central region 200 away from the injection port.

[0035] The magnetic field device is disposed on the periphery of the energy-changing section 1000, and the magnetic field device is configured to generate an alternating non-uniform magnetic field in the energy-changing section 1000. An alternating non-uniform magnetic field is a magnetic field in which the direction of the magnetic field changes periodically and the magnetic field strength is unequal at different locations in the magnetic field space. In other words, the energy-changing section 1000 is in an alternating non-uniform magnetic field. Neutrons with magnetic moments do not feel the magnetic field force in a uniform magnetic field, but only in a non-uniform magnetic field. In this way, the alternating non-uniform magnetic field can accelerate or decelerate the polarized neutron beam flowing through the energy-changing section 1000. The magnetic field gradient direction of the alternating non-uniform magnetic field is the Z direction.

[0036] The central region 200 is the center of the alternating non-uniform magnetic field. The magnetic field gradient in the central region 200 is zero. When the polarized neutron beam moves into the forward region 100, the magnetic field direction in the forward region 100 is opposite to that in the reverse region 300 when the polarized neutron beam moves into the reverse region 300. For example, the magnetic field force experienced by the polarized neutron beam in the central region 200 is zero, and the magnetic field directions in the forward region 100 and the reverse region 300 can be the same at the same time. When the polarized neutrons move into the central region 200, the magnetic field amplitude becomes zero. Only when the polarized neutrons move into the reverse region 300 does the magnetic field direction become opposite to that experienced by the polarized neutrons in the forward region 100. However, the magnetic field forces experienced by the polarized neutrons in the forward region 100 and the reverse region 300 are the same, i.e., they experience acceleration or deceleration in both directions. In other words, during the Z-direction motion of the polarized neutrons, upon entering the forward region, they are accelerated or decelerated by the magnetic field force. For example, when the direction of the magnetic moment of the polarized neutron is the same as the magnetic field direction of the alternating inhomogeneous magnetic field, the polarized neutron is accelerated; when the direction of the magnetic moment of the polarized neutron is opposite to the magnetic field direction of the alternating inhomogeneous magnetic field, the polarized neutron is decelerated; when the polarized neutron enters the central area, the magnetic field amplitude becomes zero and the magnetic field gradient is also zero; when the polarized neutron enters the reverse area, the magnetic field direction of the alternating inhomogeneous magnetic field is reversed, and the direction of the magnetic field force acting on the polarized neutron is the same as before entering the central area.

[0037] In order to more clearly demonstrate the technical solution of the present application, the acceleration of a single neutron in the related art is first used as an example for explanation. In the related art, if a single neutron is placed in an external magnetic field that does not change with time, the neutron moves along the Z direction, the magnetic field direction of the external magnetic field is always the same as the magnetic moment direction of the neutron, and the magnetic field gradient at the center of the external magnetic field is zero. The upstream of the center of the external magnetic field is defined as the incident zone, and the downstream of the center of the external magnetic field is defined as the exit zone. If the neutron is accelerated by attraction in the incident zone, when the neutron moves to the center of the external magnetic field, the magnetic field force on the neutron is zero, and when the neutron moves to the exit zone, it is still decelerated by attraction. In this way, the total effect of the neutron's movement in the entire external magnetic field is: the energy before and after the neutron's movement remains basically unchanged, that is, the neutron cannot be accelerated by the external magnetic field in the related art. With respect to the above technical solution, those skilled in the art will know that neutrons cannot be decelerated by the external magnetic field in the related art, and will not be repeated here. That is to say, although polarized neutrons are accelerated or decelerated by the attraction in the gradient magnetic field, when they move in a magnetic field that does not change with time, they will be affected by the opposite effect when they move to the other side of the magnetic field center after being accelerated or decelerated by the gradient magnetic field and then continue to move. That is, the overall effect of the polarized neutrons' movement in the entire external magnetic field is that the energy of the polarized neutrons before and after the movement remains unchanged. In other words, neutrons cannot be accelerated by the external magnetic field in related technologies.

[0038] Regarding the above issues, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , N is the North Pole, S is the South Pole, and the arrows in the figure are the directions of the magnetic field. For ease of description, the alternating non-uniform magnetic field can be regarded as a large magnetic dipole field. Taking the acceleration of a polarized neutron beam as an example, the direction of the magnetic dipole moment of the polarized neutrons in the polarized neutron beam is the same as the direction of the magnetic field in the positive region 100, as shown in Figure 1 As shown in , polarized neutrons are accelerated by attraction in the forward region 100. The magnetic field distribution at this time is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the magnetic field gradient is positive; until the polarized neutrons move to the central region 200, the magnetic field gradient in the central region 200 is zero (as shown in FIG. Figure 5 and Figure 6 At the magnetic field gradient at Z=0, the magnetic field force on the polarized neutron in the central region 200 is zero. The polarized neutron moves to the reverse region 300, and the magnetic field distribution at this time changes to Figure 6 As shown, the magnetic field gradient is positive, and the magnetic field direction of the reverse region 300 is opposite to that of the forward region 100, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown in , the polarized neutrons are accelerated by the repulsive force in the reverse direction region 300 . Thus, the total effect of the polarized neutron beam during the entire movement of the alternating non-uniform magnetic field is that the polarized neutron beam is accelerated.

[0039] In this application, taking the deceleration of a polarized neutron beam as an example, the direction of the magnetic dipole moment of the polarized neutrons in the polarized neutron beam is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field in the forward region 100. The polarized neutrons are decelerated by the repulsive force in the forward region 100 until the polarized neutrons move to the central region 200. Since the magnetic field gradient in the central region 200 is zero, the magnetic field force on the polarized neutrons in the central region 200 is zero. The polarized neutrons move to the reverse region 300. The magnetic field direction in the reverse region 300 is opposite to that in the forward region 100. That is, the direction of the magnetic dipole moment of the polarized neutrons in the polarized neutron beam is the same as the magnetic field direction in the reverse region 300. The polarized neutrons are decelerated by the attractive force in the reverse region 300. In this way, the overall effect of the polarized neutron beam during the entire movement process of the alternating non-uniform magnetic field is that the polarized neutron beam is decelerated.

[0040] The neutron energy conversion device provided in the embodiment of the present application utilizes an alternating non-uniform magnetic field to accelerate or decelerate neutrons, that is, utilizes an alternating non-uniform magnetic field to realize neutron energy conversion, and can arbitrarily change the speed of neutrons. In other words, the neutron energy conversion device of the present application can obtain neutrons of various energies; since there is no need for neutrons to collide with matter for energy conversion to change the energy of neutrons, a large amount of neutron loss can be avoided; thus, the neutron energy conversion device of the present application has a relatively high neutron yield and a wide energy spectrum range.

[0041] It should be noted that, in this application, the initial energy of the polarized neutron beam before energy conversion is not limited. In other words, the polarized neutrons in the polarized neutron beam can be cold neutrons, thermal neutrons, etc. The initial energy refers to the energy of the polarized neutron beam before entering the neutron channel, i.e., the injection port.

[0042] The polarized neutron beam can enter the neutron channel along its axis. The specific shape of the neutron channel is not limited. For example, the neutron channel is generally cylindrical with two axial openings, and the Z direction is parallel to the axis of the neutron channel. The two axial openings of the neutron channel serve as an injection port and an exit port, respectively.

[0043] In one embodiment, the magnetic field device includes a solenoid coil for generating an alternating non-uniform magnetic field. The solenoid coil has a simple structure, is compact, and is relatively low-cost. The alternating non-uniform magnetic field is generated by inputting an excitation current into the solenoid coil. Because the alternating non-uniform magnetic field generated by the solenoid coil has a low frequency of change, the solenoid coil can be used to generate a polarized neutron beam with relatively low initial energy.

[0044] For example, taking a solenoid coil as an example for accelerating a polarized neutron beam, the curve of the magnetic field intensity of the alternating non-uniform magnetic field generated by the excitation current of the solenoid coil at a certain point in space as a function of time is as follows: Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3 At the zero point of the time coordinate, the polarized neutron beam begins to enter the forward region 100 and begins to feel the initial magnetic field gradient; when the polarized neutron beam moves along the Z direction to Figure 3 At time 1 in the figure, the polarized neutron beam feels the maximum magnetic field gradient and maximum attraction in the forward region 100 at time 1; when the excitation current becomes zero, the polarized neutron beam moves to the central region 200 and the magnetic field force it receives is zero; when the neutrons continue to move away from the central region 200 and enter the reverse region 300, the excitation current of the solenoid coil is reversed, causing the magnetic field direction in the reverse region 300 to reverse, and the magnetic field gradient felt by the polarized neutron beam gradually increases; when the polarized neutron beam moves along the Z direction to Figure 3 At time 2 in the figure, the polarized neutron beam experiences the maximum magnetic field gradient and maximum repulsive force in the reverse zone 300. The polarized neutron beam continues to move in the Z direction until it escapes the influence of the alternating non-uniform magnetic field of the single solenoid coil and is accelerated. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the solenoid coil's deceleration of the polarized neutron beam is similar to the aforementioned acceleration process, with the difference being that the magnetic field directions in the forward zone 100 and reverse zone 300 are reversed during the entire deceleration process relative to the acceleration process.

[0045] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 The waveform of the excitation current of the solenoid coil is a sine waveform. Sine wave excitation current is easy to generate and can reduce the difficulty of control.

[0046] In some embodiments, the waveform of the excitation current of the solenoid coil may also be a square wave or a triangle wave.

[0047] In one embodiment, the magnetic field device includes a radio frequency resonator for generating an alternating non-uniform magnetic field. Compared to a solenoid coil, the radio frequency resonator has a faster frequency of change and can be used to vary the energy of a polarized neutron beam with a higher initial energy. It is understood that the radio frequency resonator can also be used to vary the energy of a polarized neutron beam with a relatively lower initial energy.

[0048] In some embodiments, the resonant electromagnetic field of the radio frequency resonator may adopt an E011 transverse electric wave mode. The neutron channel is a resonant cavity of the radio frequency resonator. For example, the resonant cavity may be cylindrical, and the polarized neutrons are incident along the axis of the cylindrical resonant cavity.

[0049] For example, the alternating non-uniform magnetic field distribution pattern in the radio frequency resonator is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , reference numeral 10 represents magnetic lines of force and reference numeral 20 represents electric lines of force. The magnetic field of the RF resonator has a component along the Z direction, while the electric field of the RF resonator has no component in the Z direction. The alternating non-uniform magnetic field of the RF resonator is an alternating resonant electromagnetic field.

[0050] For example, taking the radio frequency resonator as an example for polarized neutron beam acceleration, please refer to Figure 3 The polarized neutron beam enters the forward region 100 from the injection port at time zero. Although the magnetic field gradient at the injection port is large, the magnetic field amplitude is very small. When the polarized neutron beam reaches approximately 1 / 4 of the way through the forward region 100, the magnetic field amplitude reaches its maximum. The magnetic field gradient felt by the polarized neutron beam reaches its maximum value during its movement through the forward region 100, and the polarized neutron beam experiences its maximum acceleration force in the forward region 100. When the polarized neutron beam reaches the central region 200, the magnetic field amplitude reaches zero, and the neutrons in the polarized neutron beam experience no acceleration force. The neutrons continue to move to the reverse region 300, where the magnetic field direction is opposite to that of the forward region 100. When the polarized neutron beam reaches approximately 1 / 4 of the way through the reverse region 300, the magnetic field gradient felt by the polarized neutron beam reaches its maximum value during its movement through the reverse region 300, and the neutrons experience their maximum acceleration force in the reverse region 300. The polarized neutron beam continues to move along the Z direction until it is out of the influence of the alternating non-uniform magnetic field of the RF resonator and is accelerated. Figure 3 At the moment 1 shown, the magnetic field distribution along the axis of the cylindrical cavity is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the magnetic field distribution at time 2 is as follows Figure 6 As shown, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the process of decelerating the polarized neutron beam by the RF resonator is similar to the above-mentioned acceleration process, with the difference being that the magnetic field directions of the forward region 100 and the reverse region 300 during the entire deceleration process are reversed relative to those during the acceleration process.

[0051] In one embodiment, both the number of magnetic field devices and the number of energy-varying segments 1000 are multiple. Multiple energy-varying segments 1000 are arranged along the Z direction, with one magnetic field device corresponding to each energy-varying segment 1000. Each magnetic field device is capable of generating an alternating non-uniform magnetic field within the corresponding energy-varying segment 1000. As the polarized neutron beam moves along the Z direction in the neutron channel, it can sequentially pass through multiple energy-varying segments 1000, with the energy of the polarized neutron beam being varied multiple times by the multiple magnetic field devices. In this way, the polarized neutron beam can be accelerated or decelerated multiple times by the multiple magnetic field devices, thereby achieving a wider energy adjustment range.

[0052] In one embodiment, the neutron energy conversion device includes a neutron polarization device for generating a polarized neutron beam. The neutron polarization device is located upstream of the neutron channel along the Z direction. Specifically, the neutron polarization device is located at the injection port to inject the polarized neutron beam into the injection port. The polarized neutrons generated by the neutron polarization device are oriented in the Z direction. In other words, the polarized neutrons in the polarized neutron beam are oriented in the Z direction.

[0053] In one embodiment, the neutron polarization device includes a polarized ion source that generates a polarized neutron beam through the fusion of polarized deuterium ions. Because the deuterium ions in the polarized ion source are already polarized, and the neutrons originate from the polarized deuterium ions, the neutrons generated by the fusion of polarized deuterium ions are essentially polarized neutrons. This eliminates the need for a separate neutron polarization device, saving components.

[0054] In one embodiment, the neutron polarization device includes a polarizer and a neutron source capable of generating a neutron beam. The polarizer is capable of polarizing the neutron beam generated by the neutron source into a polarized neutron beam. The polarizer provides a predetermined orientation for the magnetic moment of the neutrons, thereby generating a polarized neutron beam. This reduces the requirements for the neutron source, allows the use of any neutron source, and increases the range of neutron source options.

[0055] For example, the magnetic dipole moment orientation of each neutron in an unpolarized neutron beam is random. When the unpolarized neutron beam passes through the magnetic field device, each neutron in the unpolarized neutron beam experiences a different energy gain. For example, some neutrons in the unpolarized neutron beam are accelerated, while others are decelerated. This renders neutron energy conversion meaningless. In this application, the polarizer polarizes the neutron beam generated by the neutron source to form a polarized neutron beam, thereby enabling the polarized neutron beam to be accelerated or decelerated as a whole after passing through the magnetic field device.

[0056] For example, in one embodiment, the polarizer includes a neutron activator, a neutron tumbler, a neutron filter, or a neutron analyzer. The polarizer can be used to redirect the spin direction of neutrons to achieve neutron polarization.

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A neutron energy conversion device, characterized in that: include: a neutron channel in which the polarized neutron beam moves along the Z direction, the neutron channel comprising an energy-varying section, the energy-varying section comprising a forward region, a central region, and a reverse region, the forward region being located upstream of the central region along the Z direction, and the reverse region being located downstream of the central region along the Z direction; A magnetic field device is arranged on the periphery of the energy changing section, and is configured to generate an alternating non-uniform magnetic field in the energy changing section, wherein the magnetic field gradient direction of the alternating non-uniform magnetic field is in the Z direction; the central area is the center of the alternating non-uniform magnetic field, and the magnetic field gradient of the central area is zero; when the polarized neutron beam moves to the forward area, the magnetic field direction of the forward area is opposite to that of the reverse area when the polarized neutron beam moves to the reverse area.

2. The neutron energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic field device includes a solenoid coil for generating the alternating non-uniform magnetic field.

3. The neutron energy conversion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waveform of the excitation current of the solenoid coil is a sine waveform.

4. The neutron energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic field device includes a radio frequency resonator for generating the alternating non-uniform magnetic field.

5. The neutron energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the magnetic field devices and the number of the energy-changing segments are both multiple, the multiple energy-changing segments are arranged along the Z direction, and each energy-changing segment is correspondingly provided with one magnetic field device.

6. The neutron energy conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The neutron energy conversion device includes a neutron polarization device for generating the polarized neutron beam. The neutron polarization device is located upstream of the neutron channel along the Z direction. The polarized neutrons generated by the neutron polarization device are oriented in the Z direction.

7. The neutron energy conversion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The neutron polarization device includes a polarized ion source, which generates the polarized neutron beam by fusing polarized deuterium ions.

8. The neutron energy conversion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The neutron polarization device includes a polarizer and a neutron source capable of generating a neutron beam. The polarizer can polarize the neutron beam generated by the neutron source into the polarized neutron beam.

9. The neutron energy conversion device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The polarizer includes a neutron activator, a neutron flipper, a neutron filter or a neutron analyzer.

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