A size-adaptive fish descaling and killing machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of fish product processing. The purpose is to provide a size-adaptive fish descaling and killing machine, which should be able to automatically adjust the distance between the fish clamped according to the size of the fish, can continuously release fish for slaughter, and has the characteristics of low water consumption, high efficiency, and labor saving. The technical solution is a size-adaptive fish descaling and killing machine; it is characterized by: the conveying device includes a fish conveying channel composed of two sets of upper and lower conveyor belts, a support assembly supporting the conveyor belts, and a transmission assembly driving the conveyor belts; the descaling device includes an upper descaling brush and a lower descaling brush arranged horizontally and correspondingly matched in the upper and lower parts, a descaling motor that provides power to the two descaling brushes respectively, and a thickness adjustment assembly that adjusts the distance between the two descaling brushes; the fish filleting and evisceration assembly includes a fish filleting knife driven by a fish filleting knife motor and an evisceration remover driven by an evisceration remover motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fish product processing, in particular to a size-adaptive fish descaling and killing machine for performing four processes: descaling, gutting, evisceration and waste flushing. Background Art

[0002] China has abundant freshwater resources, so the fish farming industry is well developed and fish resources are abundant. Fish products are not only tender and delicious, but also rich in nutritional value, and are a common health product. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for nutritious products such as fish is also increasing. However, killing fish is a complicated and time-consuming task, and small businesses still use manual killing methods, which are inefficient and labor-intensive. Especially in winter, using cold water to wash fish scales and remove internal organs can also cause harm to people themselves. CN202011318642.8 discloses a high-pressure flushing type fish descaling and fish cutting machine, which can effectively reduce the labor intensity of the operator. However, due to the use of high-pressure water for descaling, the water consumption is relatively large, and thus needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a size-adaptive fish descaling and killing machine. The fish descaling and killing machine should be able to automatically adjust the distance between the fish clamps according to the size of the fish, can continuously release fish for slaughter, and has the characteristics of low water consumption, high efficiency and labor saving.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A size-adaptable fish descaling and killing machine comprises a conveyor device, a descaling device and a fish gutting and removing assembly coordinated with the conveyor device, a flushing device mounted on a frame for flushing waste, and a detachable waste storage box mounted on the lower side; the features are:

[0006] The conveying device includes a fish conveying channel composed of two sets of upper and lower conveyor belts, a support assembly for supporting the conveyor belts, and a transmission assembly for driving the conveyor belts;

[0007] The descaling device includes an upper descaling brush and a lower descaling brush arranged horizontally and corresponding to each other, a descaling motor for providing power to the two descaling brushes respectively, and a thickness adjustment component for adjusting the distance between the two descaling brushes;

[0008] The fish filleting and evisceration assembly comprises a fish filleting knife driven by a fish filleting knife motor and an evisceration remover driven by a evisceration remover motor.

[0009] The support assembly includes two large transmission rollers supporting the upper conveyor belt, several double-sided oblique support assemblies, several straight support assemblies, and a single-sided oblique support assembly and a middle transmission roller for forming a V-shaped opening of the upper conveyor belt. It also includes two large transmission rollers supporting the lower conveyor belt, several small transmission rollers supporting the upper and lower sides of the lower conveyor belt, and a middle transmission roller for forming a V-shaped opening of the lower conveyor belt.

[0010] The two large transmission rollers supporting the upper conveyor belt are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the upper conveyor belt, and the two ends of the large transmission rollers are respectively rotatably positioned on the frame; the two ends of the fixed shaft of the middle transmission roller are respectively connected to the upper fixed horizontal plate; the two ends of the fixed shaft of the several bilateral oblique support assemblies, the two ends of the fixed shaft of the several straight support assemblies and the two ends of the fixed shaft of the single-sided oblique support assembly are respectively connected to the upper fixed horizontal plates on both sides.

[0011] The two large transmission rollers supporting the lower conveyor belt are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the lower conveyor belt, and the two ends of the large transmission rollers are respectively rotatably positioned on the frame. The two ends of the fixed shafts of the several small transmission rollers supporting the upper side of the lower conveyor belt are respectively fixed on the middle fixed horizontal plates on both sides, and the two ends of the fixed shafts of the two small transmission rollers supporting the lower side of the lower conveyor belt are respectively fixed on the lower fixed horizontal plates on both sides.

[0012] The middle transmission roller of the upper conveyor belt, the several small transmission rollers on the upper side of the lower conveyor belt, and the two small transmission rollers and the middle transmission roller on the lower side are all rolling rings positioned on corresponding fixed shafts through bearings to cooperate with the conveyor belt in rolling.

[0013] The bilateral oblique support assembly, the straight support assembly and the single-sided oblique support assembly all support the upper conveyor belt through rolling columns extending from the corresponding fixed shafts. The structure of the rolling columns includes an axis core column connected to the corresponding fixed shaft through two support rods and parallel to the axis of the fixed shaft, and a rolling ring rotatably positioned on the axis core column through a bearing.

[0014] The bilateral oblique support assembly, straight support assembly, and single-sided oblique support assembly are also equipped with a tensioning structure; the tensioning structure includes a sliding sleeve arranged on the corresponding fixed shaft and slidingly cooperated with the support rod so that the support rod can move radially on the fixed shaft, and a compression spring arranged in the sliding sleeve to press the support rod and the fixed shaft respectively.

[0015] The lower descaling brush is inserted into the V-shaped opening of the lower conveyor belt and is fixed on the frame together with the descaling motor that provides power; the upper descaling brush is inserted into the V-shaped opening of the upper conveyor belt and is positioned on the frame so as to be movable up and down through the thickness adjustment component.

[0016] The thickness adjustment component includes a descaling connecting plate with a slide rail and fixed to the frame, a spring fixing seat that can slide up and down with the slide rail and is connected to the upper descaling brush, and a tension spring or spring that applies force to the spring fixing seat.

[0017] The transmission assembly includes a conveyor belt motor, a chain and a sprocket for transmitting power from the conveyor belt motor to the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt, and a corresponding transmission gear set.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The present invention utilizes a conveyor belt for conveying, with a descaling device installed between the upper and lower conveyor belts. The distance between the two sets of conveyor belts is adjustable, optimizing the mechanical structure. The initial distance between the two conveyor belts is set to a minimum of 40 mm, corresponding to the thickness of the fish (the target fish thickness for this device is 40 to 60 mm). This design allows the conveyor belts to clamp the fish, ensuring stable conveying and improving fish killing efficiency. A high-speed descaling brush is used for scale removal, a fish-splitting knife is used for belly removal, and an eviscerator is used for evisceration, resulting in a relatively clean fish. Furthermore, umbrella-shaped nozzles installed on one side of the conveyor belt not only flush away blood generated during the killing process but also remove waste, such as scales and viscera, into a removable waste container, which can be cleaned regularly to maintain a clean environment. The entire machine is lightweight, capable of continuously feeding fish onto the conveyor belt for slaughter. It also consumes minimal water, has simple power transmission, and is relatively inexpensive, effectively reducing the labor intensity of manual descaling and making it suitable for widespread application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an embodiment of the present invention (the cover plate and conveyor belt housing are hidden).

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the right side structure of an embodiment of the present invention (the cover plate and conveyor belt housing are hidden).

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention (the cover plate and conveyor belt housing are hidden).

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of an embodiment of the present invention (the cover plate and conveyor belt housing are hidden).

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the descaling device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the transmission assembly structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is one of the structural diagrams of the transmission device in an embodiment of the present invention (the transmission components are hidden).

[0028] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the relative positions of the conveyor belt and the support assembly (by Figure 8 The view is modified to hide the middle and lower fixed cross plates.)

[0029] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fish gutting and evisceration assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the viscera remover.

[0031] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bilateral oblique support assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the straight support assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 14 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a single-sided oblique support assembly in a three-dimensional state in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper conveyor belt shell in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower conveyor belt shell in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure Number:

[0037] 01. Frame; 02. Conveyor housing; 03. Descaling device; 0301. Tension spring; 0302. Tension spring fixing rod; 0303. Upper descaling connecting plate; 0304. Descaling brush; 0305. Spring; 0306. Spring fixing seat; 0307. High-speed motor fixing plate; 0308. Lower descaling connecting plate; 0309. Descaling motor; 04. Transmission assembly; 0401. Motor chain; 0402. Upper conveyor belt driving sprocket; 0404. Motor sprocket; 0405. Motor gear; 0406. Driven sprocket; 0407. Driven gear; 0408. Driven sprocket shaft; 0409. Conveyor belt chain; 0411. Lower conveyor belt driving sprocket; 0412. Conveyor belt motor; 05. Conveying device; 0501. Large drive roller; 0502. Conveyor belt; 0503. Fish deflector; 0504. Middle drive roller; 0505. Small drive roller; 0506. Middle fixed cross plate; 0507. Lower conveyor belt connecting plate; 0508. Fish deflector connecting plate; 0509. Lower fixed cross plate; 06. Fish receiving plate; 07. Removable waste storage box; 08. Drain hole; 09. Frame crossbeam; 10. Conveyor belt fixing rod; 11. Double-sided oblique support assembly; 1101. End cover; 1102. Rolling ring; 1103. Middle rolling ring; 1104. Support rod; 1105. Fixed shaft of double-sided oblique support assembly; 12. Peripheral frame; 13. Straight support assembly; 1301. Compression spring; 1302. Fixed shaft of straight support assembly; 1303. Sliding sleeve; 14. Upper fixed horizontal plate; 15. Single-sided oblique support assembly; 1501. Fixed shaft of single-sided oblique support assembly; 16. Fish inlet; 17. Conveyor belt motor fixing plate; 18. Fish filleting and evisceration assembly; 1801. Fish filleting knife motor; 1802. Viscera remover motor; 1803. Viscera remover; 1804. Fish filleting knife; 1805. Assembly motor fixing plate; 19. Flushing device; 20. Fish outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following is further described with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0039] In this article: Figure 2 The left and right sides of the Figure 2 Outward and inward on the paper are respectively “left” and “right”; the positional relationship of the present invention is described accordingly.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 5 The size-adaptable fish descaling and killing machine shown includes a frame 01 , a conveying device 05 , a descaling device 03 , a fish gutting and evisceration assembly 18 , a flushing device 19 , and a detachable waste storage box 07 .

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, the four sides of the frame 01 and the top of the frame are provided with covers to close the internal structure of the fish descaling and killing machine, and a fish inlet 16 is reserved on the rear cover, and a fish outlet 20 is reserved on the front cover. Since the lower conveyor belt shell and the detachable waste receiving trough can well seal the bottom of the entire machine, and the existing conditions can already meet the requirement of preventing fish scales from flying everywhere, the lower cover is not provided.

[0042] The conveying device 05 is installed on the upper part of the frame 01, and the washing device 19 is installed at the rear of the frame ( Figure 3 On the right side of the conveyor), the water pipe of the flushing device is welded to the frame 01, and the detachable waste storage box 07 is installed at the bottom of the frame ( Figure 3 On the lower left side of the frame), it is welded to the lower fixed horizontal plate 0509; after the water pipe is turned on, the umbrella-shaped nozzle forms a water waterfall, which washes the conveyor belt, the V-shaped mouth and the fish scales attached to various parts to ( Figure 2 in the removable waste container at the lower left of the .

[0043] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, two sets of conveyor belts are placed horizontally above and below each other, with an appropriate spacing between them (preferably 40 mm, the minimum thickness for the target fish of this device), forming a fish channel for conveying fish. Fish are placed on a fish receiving plate 06 in front of the fish inlet 16. As the fish pass through the fish channel between the upper and lower conveyor belts, they are clamped by the conveyor belts and subjected to significant friction, ensuring that the fish are stably transported forward along the center of the conveyor belts.

[0044] like Figures 3 to 9 As shown, the conveying device includes two sets of conveyor belts 0502 arranged correspondingly in the upper and lower parts, a support assembly for supporting the conveyor belts, and a conveyor belt shell 02 for preventing fish scales from splashing into the conveyor belt (the upper conveyor belt shell and the lower conveyor belt shell are respectively shown in FIG. Figure 15 、 Figure 16 ), fish baffle 0503 to prevent fish from slipping off the conveyor belt, and transmission assembly 04 that drives the conveyor belt. Among the support assemblies: the bilateral oblique support assembly 11, the straight support assembly 13, and the single-sided oblique support assembly 15 are all mounted on the frame to support the upper conveyor belt. The bilateral oblique support assemblies support both ends of the upper conveyor belt to ensure that the conveyor belt inlet and outlet angles can be adjusted when fish enter and exit; the single-sided oblique support assembly forms a V-shaped opening in the upper conveyor belt to ensure that the angle can be adjusted when fish pass through the descaling device on both sides; the straight support assembly is installed between the bilateral oblique support assemblies and the single-sided oblique support assembly to apply a certain amount of tension to the upper conveyor belt.

[0045] The conveyor belt shell is put on the outside of the conveyor belt and is arranged in close proximity to the outer contours of the left and right sides of the conveyor belt (to prevent fish scales from splashing onto the back of the conveyor belt (i.e. the side in contact with the transmission roller) and holes are opened at the corresponding positions of the transmission rollers so that the transmission roller shafts extend out from the corresponding holes to both sides; a diamond-shaped space is designed between the upper and lower conveyor belts near the fish outlet. The diamond-shaped space is formed by connecting the V-shaped openings formed by the upper and lower conveyor belts. The V-shaped opening of the upper conveyor belt is downward, and the V-shaped opening of the lower conveyor belt is upward. The upper and lower V-shaped openings are designed to correspond and be symmetrical. The diamond-shaped space formed is used to arrange the descaling brush 0304. Figure 8 、 Figure 9 It can be seen that the conveyor belt is driven by several large, medium, and small drive rollers arranged horizontally with parallel axes, maintaining a roughly rectangular profile. The upper conveyor belt is supported by two large drive rollers 0501, several double-sided diagonal support assemblies, straight support assemblies, and a single-sided diagonal support assembly. The two large drive rollers 0501 supporting the upper conveyor belt are located at the front and rear ends of the conveyor belt, and their ends are fixed to the conveyor belt fixing rod 10 through bearings. The conveyor belt fixing rod 1 is fixed to the frame 01. The fixed axis of the middle drive roller 0504 is fixed to the upper fixed horizontal plate at both ends. The two ends of the fixed axes of several bilateral oblique support assemblies 11, several straight support assemblies 13 and one-sided oblique support assembly 15 are respectively connected to the upper fixed horizontal plate 14 (the upper fixed horizontal plate is fixed to the conveyor belt fixed rod connected to the frame 01 by bolts); several rolling columns extending upward and downward from the fixed axes of the two bilateral oblique support assemblies, several rolling columns extending upward and downward from the fixed axes of the straight support assemblies, and the rolling column extending downward from the fixed axis of the one-sided oblique support assembly directly contact the conveyor belt respectively, and keep the upper and lower sides of the conveyor belt parallel to the horizontal plane, thereby forming an approximately rectangular outline of the upper conveyor belt (only two large transmission rollers protrude from the front and rear ends of the upper conveyor belt respectively). In addition, the upper conveyor belt located on the lower side, which extends forward, passes over the rolling column of the single-sided oblique support component on one side and then folds upward, then passes over the rolling column of the middle transmission roller and then folds downward, and then passes over the rolling column of the single-sided oblique support component on the other side and continues to extend forward, thus forming a V-shaped opening of the upper conveyor belt.

[0046] Depend on Figure 12 、 Figure 13 、 Figure 14 It can be seen that the rolling column on the fixed shaft of the bilateral oblique support assembly, the rolling column on the fixed part of the straight support assembly, and the rolling column on the single-sided oblique support assembly all have a structure including a shaft core column connected to the corresponding fixed shaft through two support rods 1104 and parallel to the axis of the fixed shaft, and a rolling ring rotatably positioned on the shaft core column through a bearing; when working, the rolling ring and the transmission belt are in rolling friction.

[0047] Furthermore, the bilateral oblique support assemblies, straight support assemblies, and single-sided oblique support assemblies are equipped with tensioning structures. These tensioning structures include sleeves 1303, which are mounted on corresponding fixed shafts and slideably engage with support rods, allowing radial movement of the support rods along the fixed shafts. A compression spring 1301, located within the sleeves, presses against the support rods and fixed shafts, respectively. The figure shows compression springs installed between the fixed shaft 1302 of the straight support assembly and the support rod 1104, and between the fixed shaft 1501 of the single-sided oblique support assembly and the support rod. Similarly, a compression spring (omitted in the figure) is installed between the fixed shaft and the support rod of the bilateral oblique support assembly. Therefore, when fish are transported on the conveyor belt, the springs can be compressed according to the size of the fish, thereby adjusting the angles of the fish inlet and outlet, as well as the distance between the two conveyor belts.

[0048] The lower conveyor belt is supported by two large drive rollers 0501, several small drive rollers 0505 located on the upper side, and two small drive rollers located on the lower side. The two large drive rollers are located at the front and rear ends of the lower conveyor belt, and their ends are fixed to the conveyor belt fixing rod 10 via bearings. The conveyor belt fixing rod 1 is fixed to the frame 01. The fixed shafts of the several small drive rollers located on the upper side are fixed to the middle fixed horizontal plate 0506 (the middle fixed horizontal plate is bolted to the upper descaling connecting plate 0303), thereby maintaining the upper surface of the lower conveyor belt and the flatness of the fish channel. The two small drive rollers located on the lower side are fixed to the lower fixed horizontal plate 0509 (the lower fixed horizontal plate is bolted to the conveyor belt fixing rod connected to the frame 01). The fixed shafts of the middle drive rollers are also fixed to the lower fixed horizontal plate. Correspondingly, the lower conveyor belt extending forward on the upper side passes through the small roller on one side and then folds downward, then passes through the rolling roller of the middle transmission roller and then folds upward, and then passes through the small roller on the other side and continues to extend forward, thus forming a V-shaped opening of the lower conveyor belt.

[0049] Furthermore, the middle transmission roller of the upper conveyor belt, the several small transmission rollers on the upper side of the lower conveyor belt, and the two small transmission rollers and the middle transmission roller on the lower side all have rolling rings positioned on the corresponding fixed shafts through bearings; the function of the rolling rings is to cooperate with the conveyor belt in rolling, and the two ends of the fixed shaft are connected to the frame with bolts (or connected to the frame through fixed cross plates).

[0050] For stable transmission, the two large transmission rollers 0501 between the upper and lower conveyor belts at the front end and the two large transmission rollers 0501 between the upper and lower conveyor belts at the rear end correspond to each other in the vertical direction, and are both connected to the conveyor belt fixing rod 10, and the conveyor belt fixing rod 10 is fixed to the frame 01; fish baffles 0503 are provided on the left and right sides of the conveyor belt (i.e. the left and right sides of the fish channel), which can prevent the thrust generated by cutting the fish from pushing the fish out of the conveyor belt, and the fish baffles are fixed to the middle fixed horizontal plate 0506 through the fish baffle connecting plate 0508.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, the transmission assembly includes a motor chain 0401, an upper conveyor belt driving sprocket 0402, a motor sprocket 0404, a motor gear 0405, a driven sprocket 0406, a driven gear 0407, a driven sprocket shaft 0408, a conveyor belt chain 0409, a lower conveyor belt driving sprocket 0411, a conveyor belt motor 0412, and a conveyor belt motor fixing plate; the upper conveyor belt driving sprocket 0402 is mounted on the large transmission roller on the rear side of the upper conveyor belt, one end of the driven sprocket shaft is mounted on the conveyor belt motor fixing plate through a bearing, and the other end is mounted on the middle fixed cross plate through a bearing, the lower conveyor belt driving sprocket 0411 is mounted on the large transmission roller on the rear side of the lower conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt motor 0412 is fixed on the conveyor belt motor fixing plate, thereby fixing the entire conveyor belt transmission assembly. One end of the motor chain 0401 is sleeved on the motor sprocket 0404, and the other end is sleeved on the upper conveyor belt driving sprocket 0402. One end of the conveyor belt chain 0409 is sleeved on the driven sprocket 0406 (the driven sprocket is coaxially fixed with the driven gear 0407), and the other end is sleeved on the lower conveyor belt driving sprocket 0411. The motor sprocket 0404 and the motor gear 0405 are both fixed on the conveyor belt motor shaft. During operation, the conveyor belt motor shaft rotates, driving the motor sprocket 0404, the motor chain 0401, the upper conveyor belt driving sprocket 0402 and the upper conveyor belt in sequence; in addition, the conveyor belt motor also drives the motor gear 0405 to rotate, and the motor gear 0405 drives the driven gear 0407 (the motor gear and the driven gear form a transmission gear set), the driven sprocket 0406, the conveyor belt chain 0409 and the lower conveyor belt driving sprocket 0411 to rotate in sequence, thereby driving the lower conveyor belt; during transmission, the transmission ratio between each gear and sprocket is preferably 1.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, the descaling device includes an upper descaling brush, a lower descaling brush, a thickness adjustment assembly, and a descaling drive assembly. The upper descaling brush is installed in the V-shaped opening of the upper conveyor belt, and the lower descaling brush is installed in the V-shaped opening of the lower conveyor belt. The upper and lower descaling brushes are arranged horizontally along the width of the conveyor belt, corresponding to each other. The descaling brush shaft is connected to the descaling motor shaft via a coupling. The descaling brush 0304 has an arc-shaped circumferential surface and is made of steel wire, forming a shape with a large central gap and narrow sides, which conforms to the size of a fish when placed horizontally (the length of the fish is perpendicular to the axis of the descaling brush). When scraping, the scales are completely covered. The descaling motor 0309 (preferably a DC motor) rotates at high speed to achieve repeated scale scraping, completely removing the fish scales. The descaling drive assembly includes two descaling motors and two high-speed motor fixing plates 0307 (the two high-speed motor fixing plates are arranged in a corresponding upper and lower position) to fix the two descaling motors respectively.

[0053] Depend on Figure 6It can be seen that the thickness adjustment assembly includes a tension spring 0301, a tension spring fixing rod 0302, an upper descaling connecting plate 0303, a spring 0305, and a spring fixing seat 0306. The left end of the lower descaling brush is positioned on the frame crossbeam 09 via the high-speed motor fixing plate, while the right end is positioned on the frame crossbeam via a bearing. The right end of the upper descaling brush is connected to a spring fixing seat 0306 via a bearing. This spring fixing seat can slide up and down on the slide rail of the upper descaling connecting plate 0303 on the right side. Spring 0305 is installed at the bottom of the upper descaling connecting plate on the right side, and its two ends respectively hook onto the upper descaling connecting plate and the spring fixing seat, thereby applying a certain downward pressure on the right end of the upper descaling brush. The left end of the upper descaling brush is slidably positioned on the slide rail below the left upper descaling connecting plate 0303 via a spring retainer connected to the high-speed motor fixing plate, allowing it to slide up and down along the slide rail. One end of a tension spring 0301 is hooked onto a tension spring retaining rod 0302 (welded to the top of the upper descaling connecting plate 0303), and the other end is hooked onto a high-speed motor fixing plate 0307. This applies a certain tension to the high-speed motor fixing plate to reduce the impact of the high-speed motor and the high-speed motor fixing plate on the left end of the upper descaling brush. The upper descaling connecting plates on both sides are fixed to the upper fixed horizontal plate 14. If a fish passes by the descaling brush and the distance between the upper and lower descaling brushes is insufficient for the fish to pass, the upper descaling brush is supported and slid upward along the slide rails on both sides, automatically adjusting the spacing between the upper and lower descaling brushes to accommodate the size of the fish.

[0054] like Figure 10 As shown, the fish filleting and evisceration assembly includes a fish filleting knife motor 1801, an evisceration device motor 1802, an evisceration device 1803, an assembly motor fixing plate 1805, and a fish filleting knife 1804. The fish filleting knife 1804 (whose structure is similar to the opener in CN202011318642.8) is fixed to the motor shaft below the fish filleting knife motor 1801. The evisceration device 1803 (existing technology, such as Figure 11 The fan-like structure (shown in Figure 1) is composed of multiple tapered steel wires attached to a fixed shaft. The eviscerator is fixed to the motor shaft below the eviscerator motor 1802. Both motors are secured to the outer frame of the machine frame via a motor mounting plate 1805, positioning the fish filleting knife and eviscerator near the fish passage. When a fish passes by, the fish filleting knife first opens the fish's belly, allowing the eviscerator 1803 to easily pry open the fish's belly and remove the entrails.

[0055] like Figure 3 、 Figure 5As shown, the flushing device 19 is installed on the fish channel side on the right side of the conveyor belt; a hole with the same diameter as the water pipe is drilled on the outer frame of the frame (a hole is drilled at the corresponding position between the two conveyor belts at the descaling device, a hole is drilled in the gap between the bottom of the fish baffle and the lower conveyor belt, and a hole is also drilled at the corresponding position of the lower V-shaped mouth), the water pipe is welded to the hole, and the nozzle is threadedly connected to the outlet of the water pipe; when working, the nozzle sprays a waterfall of water to flush waste such as fish scales adhered to the conveyor belt, V-shaped mouth and various parts into the detachable waste storage box on the other side.

[0056] Preferably, the nozzle is arranged in an umbrella shape, and the sprayed water flow can form a waterfall with a wide coverage area. Fewer water pipes and nozzles need to be installed, so as to save water resources and usage costs and simplify the machine structure.

[0057] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0058] The fish is placed flat on the receiving plate with its ventral fin facing the filleting knife and its head toward the flushing side. This equipment targets fish with a thickness of 40mm to 60mm, and the distance between the conveyor belts is set at 40mm. The fish enters the conveyor belt from the center of the fish inlet, where it is clamped in place. The high friction between the conveyor belt and the fish's scales effectively prevents the fish from slipping off the conveyor belt. The compression springs in the tensioning structure of the double-sided inclined support assembly at the fish inlet automatically adjust the inlet angle according to the size of the fish, ensuring fast and unobstructed entry. The upper and lower scale removal brushes rotate at high speed against the fish's scales, repeatedly scraping them away until they are completely scaled. After descaling, the fish enters the belly. The filleting knife, driven by a high-speed motor, rotates at high speed. The radius of the filleting knife can reach half the width of the conveyor belt, enabling rapid opening of the fish's belly. Fish retainers are installed on both sides of the conveyor belt to prevent the fish from slipping off the conveyor belt due to excessive force from the fish scraper. Once the fish's belly is opened, a visceral remover easily opens the fish's belly and removes the viscera. During the slaughter process, the water pipe can be turned on, and the upper and lower umbrella-shaped nozzles spray a waterfall-like stream of water to wash the fish, the conveyor belt, and the V-shaped opening of the lower conveyor belt, flushing the blood and waste into a removable waste storage box. The bottom of the removable waste storage box is designed to be sloped, allowing the blood to leak out through the drainage hole in the storage box, while the waste remains in the storage box. The storage box is regularly removed and cleaned. Finally, the fish can be collected in a basin after being discharged from the fish outlet.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are merely specific embodiments of the present invention. Clearly, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and is susceptible to numerous variations, such as replacing the conveyor belt's chain drive with a gear drive. All variations that can be directly derived or conceived by a person skilled in the art from the present disclosure are considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A size-adaptable fish descaling and killing machine, comprising a conveyor, a descaling device and a fish gutting and removing assembly coordinated with the conveyor, a flushing device mounted on the upper portion of the frame for flushing waste, and a removable waste storage box mounted on the lower side of the frame; characterized in that: The conveying device includes a fish conveying channel composed of two sets of upper and lower conveyor belts, a support assembly for supporting the conveyor belts, and a transmission assembly for driving the conveyor belts; The support assembly includes two large drive rollers supporting the upper conveyor belt, several bilateral oblique support assemblies, several straight support assemblies, a unilateral oblique support assembly and a middle drive roller for forming a V-shaped opening of the upper conveyor belt, as well as two large drive rollers supporting the lower conveyor belt, several small drive rollers supporting the upper and lower sides of the lower conveyor belt, and a middle drive roller for forming a V-shaped opening of the lower conveyor belt; the two large drive rollers supporting the upper conveyor belt are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the conveyor belt; the upper conveyor belt extending forward on the lower side passes over the rolling column of the unilateral oblique support assembly on one side and then folds upward, then passes over the rolling column of the middle drive roller and then folds downward, and then passes over the rolling column of the unilateral oblique support assembly on the other side and then continues to extend forward, thereby forming a V-shaped opening of the upper conveyor belt; the lower conveyor belt extending forward on the upper side passes over the small rolling roller on one side and then folds downward, then passes over the rolling roller of the middle drive roller and then folds upward, and then passes over the small rolling roller on the other side and then continues to extend forward, thereby forming a V-shaped opening of the lower conveyor belt; The bilateral oblique support assembly, the straight support assembly and the unilateral oblique support assembly are respectively equipped with a tensioning structure, and the tensioning structure includes a sliding sleeve which is arranged on the corresponding fixed shaft and slidably cooperates with the support rod so that the support rod can move radially on the fixed shaft, and a compression spring which is arranged in the sliding sleeve and presses the support rod and the fixed shaft respectively; a plurality of rolling columns which extend upward and downward obliquely from the fixed shafts of the two bilateral oblique support assemblies, a plurality of rolling columns which extend upward and downward from the fixed shaft of the straight support assembly, and a rolling column which extends downward from the fixed shaft of the unilateral oblique support assembly directly contact the conveyor belt respectively, and respectively keep the upper side and the lower side of the conveyor belt parallel to the horizontal plane, thereby forming an approximately rectangular outline of the upper conveyor belt; The descaling device includes an upper descaling brush installed in the V-shaped opening of the upper conveyor belt and capable of floating up and down, a lower descaling brush installed in the V-shaped opening of the lower conveyor belt, a descaling motor that provides power to the two descaling brushes respectively, and a thickness adjustment component that adjusts the distance between the two descaling brushes; The thickness adjustment assembly includes a descaling connecting plate fixed to the frame and provided with a slide rail, a spring fixing seat capable of sliding up and down with the slide rail and connected to the upper descaling brush, and a spring applying force to the spring fixing seat; The fish gutting and evisceration assembly comprises a fish gutting knife driven by a fish gutting knife motor and an evisceration device driven by an evisceration device motor; The transmission assembly includes a conveyor belt motor, a chain and sprocket for transmitting the power of the conveyor belt motor to the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt, and a corresponding transmission gear set; The detachable waste storage box is arranged below the lower conveyor belt and is connected to the cleaning water outlet of the flushing device for synchronously collecting fish scales and viscera residues.

2. The size-adaptive fish descaling and killing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveyor belt motor drives the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt to move through the conveyor belt chain and sprocket. The conveyor belt chain and sprocket include a motor sprocket and a motor gear installed on the conveyor belt motor, and an upper conveyor belt chain and a lower conveyor belt chain respectively connected to the upper conveyor belt driving sprocket and the lower conveyor belt driving sprocket. The driving sprockets of the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt are respectively installed on corresponding transmission rollers.

3. The size-adaptive fish descaling and killing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two large transmission rollers supporting the upper conveyor belt are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the upper conveyor belt, and the two ends of the two large transmission rollers are respectively rotatably positioned on the frame; the two ends of the fixed shaft of the middle transmission roller are respectively connected to the upper fixed horizontal plate; the two ends of the fixed shaft of the multiple bilateral oblique support assemblies, the multiple straight support assemblies and the single-sided oblique support assembly are respectively connected to the upper fixed horizontal plates on both sides.

4. The size-adaptive fish descaling and killing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two large transmission rollers supporting the lower conveyor belt are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the lower conveyor belt, and the two ends of the two large transmission rollers are respectively rotatably positioned on the frame; The ends of the fixed shafts of the several small transmission rollers supporting the upper side of the lower conveyor belt are fixed to the middle fixed transverse plates on both sides, and the ends of the fixed shafts of the two small transmission rollers supporting the lower side of the lower conveyor belt are fixed to the lower fixed transverse plates on both sides.

5. The size-adaptive fish descaling and killing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The middle transmission roller of the upper conveyor belt, the several small transmission rollers on the upper side of the lower conveyor belt, the two small transmission rollers on the lower side and the middle transmission roller of the lower conveyor belt are all positioned on the corresponding fixed shafts through bearings and are provided with rolling rings that roll with the conveyor belt.

6. The size-adaptive fish descaling and killing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-sided oblique support assembly, the straight support assembly and the single-sided oblique support assembly all support the upper conveyor belt via rolling columns extending from the corresponding fixed shafts; The structure of the rolling column includes a shaft core column parallel to the fixed shaft axis and connected to the corresponding fixed shaft through two support rods, and a rolling ring rotatably positioned on the shaft core column through a bearing.

7. The size-adaptive fish descaling and killing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper descaling brush and the lower descaling brush are both arranged horizontally, and the lower descaling brush is installed in the V-shaped opening of the lower conveyor belt and is fixed to the frame together with the lower descaling motor that provides power; The upper descaling brush is inserted into the V-shaped opening of the upper conveyor belt and is positioned on the frame so as to be movable up and down through the thickness adjustment assembly.

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