A control system and method for regulating components of a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air conditioner

Abstract

The present invention discloses a component regulation system and method for a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air conditioner, comprising: a heat pump unit and a component regulation unit; the heat pump system unit includes a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a four-way valve, an evaporator / gas cooler, a regenerator, a first throttle valve, an evaporator / condenser and a first gas-liquid separator; the component regulation unit includes: a second throttle valve, a second gas-liquid separator, a second heat exchanger, a first adjustment tank, a second adjustment tank and a three-way valve. By adopting the technical solution of the present invention, it is possible to collect and release the gas-liquid components after throttling and the components in the adjustment tank during the conversion between the refrigeration and heating modes, so as to play a role in component regulation, thereby improving the system performance and promoting energy conservation and emission reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of regulating the components of a mixed working fluid, and particularly relates to a system and method for regulating the components of a carbon dioxide mixed working fluid heat pump air conditioner for vehicles. Background Art

[0002] A heat pump air conditioner is an energy-saving technology invented in modern science. By inputting a certain amount of electrical energy into the heat pump unit to drive the compressor to work, the working fluid in the unit (such as R22, R134a) undergoes repeated physical phase change processes of evaporation and heat absorption and condensation and heat release, and the heat exchange and transfer in space can be realized. At present, the fixed-component mixed working fluid cannot make the heat pump air conditioner operate in the optimal working condition in real time, and thus the adaptability of the carbon dioxide mixed working fluid vehicle heat pump air conditioner to the operating mode and environment cannot be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a system and method for regulating the components of a carbon dioxide mixed working fluid heat pump air conditioner for vehicles to achieve the follow-up of the working fluid state to the operating environment.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A system for regulating the components of a carbon dioxide mixed working fluid heat pump air conditioner for vehicles, characterized by comprising: a heat pump unit and a component regulation unit; the heat pump system unit includes a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a four-way valve, an evaporator / gas cooler, a regenerator, a first throttle valve, an evaporator / condenser, and a first gas-liquid separator; the component regulation unit includes: a second throttle valve, a second gas-liquid separator, a second heat exchanger, a first adjustment tank, a second adjustment tank, and a three-way valve;

[0006] Wherein, when the system performs a normal working cycle, the component regulation unit does not participate in the cycle. When the system switches between the refrigeration and heating modes, the component regulation unit starts to work. The working fluid originally flowing through the first throttle valve of the heat pump unit will all flow to the second throttle valve of the component regulation unit. After being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve to reach a suitable gas-liquid composition, it will enter the second gas-liquid separator of the component regulation unit. After the gas-liquid components are separated by the second gas-liquid separator, the first adjustment tank or the second adjustment tank collects the separated components, and the second adjustment tank or the first adjustment tank releases the components to the heat pump unit until the system reaches the required carbon dioxide mixed working fluid ratio.

[0007] Preferably, the second throttle valve is used to adjust the pressure after throttling so that the carbon dioxide mixed working fluid after throttling reaches a suitable gas-liquid composition.

[0008] Preferably, the second gas-liquid separator is used to separate the gas-liquid two-phase after being throttled by the second throttle valve.

[0009] Preferably, the second heat exchanger is used to cool and condense the gas-phase components when collecting the gas-phase components during the component regulation process. When collecting the gas-phase components, the gas-phase components will enter the second heat exchanger, and a part of the working medium that originally leads to the evaporator will lead to the second heat exchanger to cool and condense the gas-phase components.

[0010] Preferably, the first adjustment tank and the second adjustment tank are respectively initially filled with a certain amount of a properly proportioned carbon dioxide mixed working medium, and are used to collect the gas-phase or liquid-phase mixed working medium separated by the gas-liquid separator during the component regulation process, and release the mixed working medium to the heat pump unit when needed.

[0011] Preferably, the three-way valve is used to adjust the flow direction of the working medium to ensure the normal progress of the regulation process.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for regulating the components of a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide mixed working medium heat pump air conditioner. When the system is operating normally, the component regulation unit does not work, and the mixed working medium circulates through the compressor, evaporator / condenser, regenerator, first throttle valve, evaporator / gas cooler, first gas-liquid separator, and regenerator in sequence. When the system mode is switched and component regulation is required, the component regulation unit starts to work. All the working medium in the system flows to the second throttle valve. The first adjustment tank or the second adjustment tank collects the liquid separated by the second gas-liquid separator, and the gas phase normally flows into the heat pump unit. After the component collection process is completed, the remaining working medium in the system does not enter the component regulation unit. The component regulation unit requires the second adjustment tank or the first adjustment tank to release the components to the system until the original working medium filling amount of the system is restored.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for regulating the components of a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air conditioner. When the system operates normally, the component regulation unit does not work, and the mixed refrigerant circulates successively through a compressor, an evaporator / condenser, a regenerator, a first throttle valve, an evaporator / gas cooler, a first gas-liquid separator, and a regenerator. When the system mode changes and component regulation is required, the component regulation unit starts to work. All the refrigerant in the system flows to the second throttle valve. When the system needs to reduce the carbon dioxide component, the first adjustment tank collects the gas phase separated by the gas-liquid separator, and the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator leads to the gas phase collection point. The gas-phase refrigerant is cooled and liquefied, and then flows into the first adjustment tank. The liquid-phase refrigerant separated by the second gas-liquid separator flows into the heat pump unit. After the component collection process is completed, the remaining refrigerant in the system does not enter the component regulation unit, and the component regulation unit requires the second adjustment tank to release components into the system until the original refrigerant charge of the system is restored. When the system needs to increase the carbon dioxide component, the second adjustment tank collects the liquid-phase refrigerant separated by the second gas-liquid separator, and the gas-phase refrigerant separated by the second gas-liquid separator flows into the heat pump unit. After the component collection process is completed, the remaining refrigerant in the system does not enter the component regulation unit, and the component regulation unit requires the first adjustment tank to release components into the system until the original refrigerant charge of the system is restored.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for regulating the components of a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air conditioner. When the system operates normally, the component regulation unit does not work, and the mixed refrigerant circulates successively through a compressor, an evaporator / condenser, a regenerator, a first throttle valve, an evaporator / gas cooler, a first gas-liquid separator, and a regenerator. When the system mode changes and component regulation is required, the component regulation unit starts to work. All the refrigerant in the system flows to the second throttle valve. When the system needs to reduce the carbon dioxide component, the first adjustment tank collects the gas phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator, and the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator leads to the gas phase collection point. The gas-phase refrigerant is cooled and liquefied, and then flows into the first adjustment tank. The liquid-phase refrigerant separated by the second gas-liquid separator flows into the heat pump unit. At the same time, the second adjustment tank releases components into the system until the required components of the system are reached. When the system needs to increase the carbon dioxide component, the second adjustment tank collects the liquid-phase refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator, and the liquid-phase refrigerant separated by the second gas-liquid separator flows into the heat pump unit. At the same time, the first adjustment tank releases components into the system until the required components of the system are reached.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention can collect and release the gas-liquid components after throttling and the components in the adjustment tank when the refrigeration and heating modes are switched, playing a role in component regulation, improving the performance of the mixed refrigerant heat pump air conditioner system, promoting energy conservation and emission reduction, and realizing the follow-up of the refrigerant state to the operating environment. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of a carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air conditioning system according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the direction of a three-way valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the component collection process during the conversion from refrigeration to heating in Embodiment 2 when the carbon dioxide component in the system needs to increase;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the component release process during the conversion from refrigeration to heating in Embodiment 2 when the carbon dioxide component in the system needs to increase;

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the component collection process during the conversion from heating to refrigeration in Embodiment 2 when the carbon dioxide component in the system needs to decrease;

[0022] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the component release process during the conversion from heating to refrigeration in Embodiment 2 when the carbon dioxide component in the system needs to decrease;

[0023] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the component collection process during the conversion from refrigeration to heating in Embodiment 3 when the carbon dioxide component in the system needs to increase;

[0024] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the component release process during the conversion from refrigeration to heating in Embodiment 3 when the carbon dioxide component in the system needs to increase;

[0025] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the component collection process during the conversion from heating to refrigeration in Embodiment 3 when the carbon dioxide component in the system needs to decrease;

[0026] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the component release process during the conversion from heating to refrigeration in Embodiment 3 when the carbon dioxide component in the system needs to decrease;

[0027] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the component regulation process during the conversion from refrigeration to heating in Embodiment 4 when the carbon dioxide component in the system needs to increase;

[0028] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the component regulation process during the conversion from heating to refrigeration in Embodiment 4 when the carbon dioxide component in the system needs to decrease.

[0029] Among them, 1 - compressor; 2 - first heat exchanger (defrosting heat exchanger); 3 - four-way valve; 4 - first gas-liquid separator; 5 - evaporator / gas cooler; 6 - three-way valve; 7 - first throttle valve; 8 - regenerator; 9 - evaporator / condenser; 10 - second regulating tank; 11 - first regulating tank; 12 - second gas-liquid separator; 13 - second throttle valve; 14 - second heat exchanger. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] As Figure 1 , 2 , and shown in FIG. 3, the present invention provides a component regulation system for a vehicle carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air conditioner, including: a heat pump unit and a component regulation unit; the heat pump system unit includes a compressor 1, a first heat exchanger 2, a four-way valve 3, an evaporator / gas cooler 5, a regenerator 8, a first throttle valve 7, an evaporator / condenser 9, and a first gas-liquid separator 4; the component regulation unit includes: a second throttle valve 13, a second gas-liquid separator 12, a second heat exchanger 14, a first regulating tank 11, a second regulating tank 10, and a three-way valve 6; the defrosting heat exchanger is that when defrosting is required in winter, the refrigerant coming out of the compressor will enter the defrosting heat exchanger for defrosting, and it does not need to enter the defrosting heat exchanger when there is no defrosting requirement. The refrigeration cycle of the evaporator / gas cooler 5 is a transcritical cycle, making the evaporator have the function of a gas cooler; the heating cycle of the evaporator / condenser 9 is a subcritical cycle, making the evaporator have the function of a condenser.

[0034] Among them, when the system is in a normal working cycle, the component regulation unit does not participate in the cycle. When the refrigeration and heating modes of the system are switched, the component regulation unit starts to work. The working medium that originally flows through the first throttle valve 7 of the heat pump unit will all flow to the second throttle valve of the component regulation unit. After being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve 13 to reach an appropriate gas-liquid phase composition, it will enter the second gas-liquid separator 12 of the component regulation unit. After the gas-liquid components are separated by the second gas-liquid separator 12, the first adjustment tank 11 or the second adjustment tank 10 collects the separated components, and the second adjustment tank 10 or the first adjustment tank 11 releases the components to the heat pump unit until the system reaches the required carbon dioxide mixed working medium ratio. The component represents the mass fraction of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide mixed working medium. During the component regulation process, when it is necessary to switch between the refrigeration and heating modes, the component regulation is completed first and then the mode is switched. The first adjustment tank 11 stores the mixed working medium with a higher carbon dioxide component, and the second adjustment tank 10 stores the mixed working medium with a lower carbon dioxide component.

[0035] As an implementation manner of an embodiment of the present invention, the second throttle valve 13 is used to adjust the pressure after throttling so that the carbon dioxide mixed working medium after throttling reaches an appropriate gas-liquid phase composition.

[0036] As an implementation manner of an embodiment of the present invention, the second gas-liquid separator 12 is used to separate the gas-liquid two-phase after being throttled by the second throttle valve 13.

[0037] As an implementation manner of an embodiment of the present invention, the second heat exchanger 14 is used to cool and condense the gas-phase components when collecting the gas-phase components during the component regulation process; when collecting the gas-phase components, the gas-phase components will enter the second heat exchanger 14, and a part of the working medium that originally leads to the evaporator will lead to the second heat exchanger 14 to cool and condense the gas-phase components.

[0038] As an implementation manner of an embodiment of the present invention, the first adjustment tank 11 and the second adjustment tank 10 are respectively initially filled with a certain amount of carbon dioxide mixed working medium with a suitable ratio, and are used to collect the gas-phase or liquid-phase mixed working medium separated by the gas-liquid separator during the component regulation process, and release the mixed working medium to the heat pump unit when needed.

[0039] Embodiment 2:

[0040] The present invention also provides a method for regulating the components of a vehicle carbon dioxide mixed working medium heat pump air conditioner. When the system is operating normally, the component regulation unit does not work, and the mixed working medium sequentially passes through the compressor 1, the evaporator / condenser 9, the regenerator 8, the first throttle valve 7, the evaporator / gas cooler 5, the first gas-liquid separator 4, and the regenerator 8 to complete the cycle.

[0041] When the refrigeration mode is switched to the heating mode and the system needs to increase the carbon dioxide component, during the component regulation process, components are first collected from the system. The specific implementation process of component collection is as follows Figure 4 shown. After the working fluid from the evaporator / condenser 9 (acting as a condenser) completes heat regeneration through the regenerator 8, it enters the component regulation unit. The working fluid flows through the AB passage of the valve V1 to the second throttle valve 13, and after throttling by the second throttle valve 13, it enters the second gas-liquid separator 12. The gas phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator 12 will flow back into the heat pump unit through the AC passage of the valve V2, and the liquid phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator 12 will enter the second adjustment tank through the AC passage of the valve V7. In order to enable the liquid to flow smoothly into the second adjustment tank, the gas above the second adjustment tank will overflow, and the overflow gas will flow to the valve V3 through the BC passage of the valve V6. The ABC passage of the valve V3 is fully open, and the working fluid from the valve V2 and the working fluid from the valve V6 converge at the valve V3 and jointly flow to the first throttle valve 7. Then, through the AB passage of the valve V4 and the BC passage of the valve V5, it flows to the evaporator / gas cooler 5 (acting as an evaporator). When the component collection is completed, the specific implementation process of releasing components is as follows Figure 5 shown. The AB passage of the valve V1 is closed, and the AC passage is opened. The remaining working fluid in the system flows through the AC passage of the valve V1, the AB passage of the valve V2, and the AB passage of the valve V3 to the first throttle valve 7. After throttling, it flows through the AB passage of the valve V4 to the valve V5. The ABC passage of the valve V5 is fully open, and the working fluid in the first adjustment tank flows to the valve V5 and converges with the working fluid from the valve V4, and then flows to the evaporator / gas cooler 5 (acting as an evaporator). When the amount of working fluid in the system returns to the initial charge amount, the component regulation is completed.

[0042] When the heating mode is changed to the refrigeration mode and the system needs to reduce the carbon dioxide component, during the component regulation process, components are first collected from the system. The specific implementation process of component collection is as follows Figure 6As shown in the figure. The working medium from the evaporator / gas cooler 5 (as a gas cooler) enters the component regulation unit after completing regenerative heat exchange through the regenerator 8. It flows through the AB passage of the valve V1 to the second throttle valve 13, and after throttling by the second throttle valve 12, it enters the second gas-liquid separator 12. The gas phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator 12 will flow back into the heat pump unit through the AC passage of the valve V2, and the liquid phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator 12 will enter the first adjustment tank through the BC passage of the valve V7. To enable the liquid to flow smoothly into the first adjustment tank, the gas above the first adjustment tank will overflow, and the overflow gas will flow through the AC passage of the valve V6 to the valve V3. The ABC passage of the valve V3 is fully open, and the working medium from the valve V2 and the working medium from the valve V6 converge at the valve V3 and jointly flow to the first throttle valve 7. After throttling by the first throttle valve 7, it flows through the AB passage of the valve V4 and the BC passage of the valve V5 to the evaporator / condenser 9 (as an evaporator). When the component collection is completed, the specific implementation process of component release is as follows Figure 7 As shown in the figure. The AB passage of the valve V1 is closed, and the AC passage is opened. The remaining working medium in the system flows through the AC passage of the valve V1, the AB passage of the valve V2, and the AB passage of the valve V3 to the first throttle valve 7. After throttling, it flows to the valve V4. The ABC passage of the valve V4 is fully open, and the working medium in the second adjustment tank flows to the valve V4, converges with the working medium from the first throttle valve 7, flows to the valve V5, and after passing through the BC passage of the valve V5, it flows to the evaporator / condenser 9 (as an evaporator). When the amount of working medium in the system returns to the initial charge amount, the component regulation process is completed.

[0043] Embodiment 3:

[0044] The present invention also provides a method for regulating the components of a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide mixed working medium heat pump air conditioner. When the system is operating normally, the component regulation unit does not work, and the mixed working medium sequentially passes through the compressor 1, the evaporator / condenser 9, the regenerator 8, the first throttle valve 7, the evaporator / gas cooler 5, the first gas-liquid separator 4, and the regenerator 8 to complete the cycle.

[0045] When converting from the refrigeration mode to the heating mode and the system needs to increase the carbon dioxide component, during the component regulation process, components are first collected from the system. The specific implementation process of component collection is as follows Figure 8As shown in the figure. After the working fluid from the evaporator / condenser 9 (acting as a condenser) completes regenerative heat exchange in the regenerator 8, it enters the component regulation unit. It flows through the AB passage of the valve V1 to the second throttle valve 13, and after throttling by the second throttle valve 13, it enters the second gas-liquid separator 12. The gas phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator 12 flows back through the AB passage of the valve V10 to the valve V3 and then back into the heat pump unit through the AC passage of the valve V3. The liquid phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator 12 enters the second adjustment tank through the AC passage of the valve V9. To enable the liquid to flow smoothly into the second adjustment tank, the gas above the second adjustment tank will overflow, and the overflow gas flows through the BC passage of the valve V11 to the valve V4. The ABC passage of the valve V4 is fully open, and the working fluid from the valve V3 and the working fluid from the valve V11 converge at the valve V4 and jointly flow to the first throttle valve 7. Then, it flows through the AB passage of the valve V5, the AB passage of the valve V6, the AB passage of the valve V7, and the BC passage of the valve V8 to the evaporator / gas cooler 5 (acting as an evaporator). When the component collection is completed, the specific implementation process of the component release is as follows Figure 9 As shown in the figure. The AB passage of the valve V1 is closed, and the AC passage is opened. The remaining working fluid in the system flows through the AC passage of the valve V1, the AB passage of the valve V2, the AB passage of the valve V3, and the AB passage of the valve V4 to the first throttle valve 7. After throttling, it flows through the AB passage of the valve V5 to the valve V6. The ABC passage of the valve V6 is fully open, and the working fluid in the first adjustment tank flows to the valve V6 and converges with the working fluid from the valve V5, then flows to the valve V7. It flows through the AB passage of the valve V7 and the BC passage of the valve V8 to the evaporator / gas cooler 5 (acting as an evaporator). When the amount of working fluid in the system returns to the initial charge, the component regulation is completed.

[0046] When converting from the heating mode to the cooling mode and the system needs to reduce the carbon dioxide component, during the component regulation process, the component is first collected from the system. The specific implementation process of the component collection is as follows Figure 10 As shown in the figure. After the working fluid from the evaporator / gas cooler 5 (acting as a gas cooler) completes regenerative heat exchange in the regenerator 8, it enters the component regulation unit. The working fluid flows through the AB passage of the valve V1 to the second throttle valve 13, and after throttling by the second throttle valve 13, it enters the second gas-liquid separator 12. The liquid phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator 12 flows back into the heat pump unit through the BC passage of the valve V9 and the AC passage of the valve V2, and flows through the AB passage of the valve V3 to the valve V4. The gas phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator 12 enters the second heat exchanger 14Among them, at this time, a part of the working medium that originally led to the evaporator will flow through the BC passage of the valve V7 to the second heat exchanger 14 to cool the gas-phase component separated by the gas-liquid separator 12 to liquefy it. The liquefied gas-phase component will flow into the first adjustment tank through the AC passage of the valve V10. In order to enable the liquid to flow smoothly into the first adjustment tank, the gas above the first adjustment tank will overflow, and the overflow gas will flow through the AB passage of the valve V11 to the valve V4. The ABC passage of the valve V4 is fully open, and the working medium from the valve V3 and the working medium from the valve V11 converge at the valve V4 and jointly flow to the first throttle valve 7. After throttling, it flows through the AB passage of the valve V5 and the AB passage of the valve V6 to the valve V7. At the valve V7, a part of the working medium will flow through the BC passage of the valve V7 to the second heat exchanger 14, and after heat exchange, it will flow to the valve V8. At the valve V8, the working medium after heat exchange from the second heat exchanger 14 will converge with the working medium that has not undergone heat exchange from the valve 7 and flow to the evaporator / condenser 9 (as an evaporator). When the component collection is completed, the specific implementation process of the component release is as Figure 11 shown. The AB passage of the valve V1 is closed, and the AC passage is opened. The remaining working medium in the system flows through the AC passage of the valve V1, the AB passage of the valve V2, the AB passage of the valve V3, and the AB passage of the valve V4 to the first throttle valve 7. The ABC passage of the valve V5 is fully open, and the working medium in the second adjustment tank flows to the valve V5 and converges with the working medium from the first throttle valve 7, and flows through the AB passage of the valve V6, the AB passage of the valve V7, and the BC passage of the valve V8 to the evaporator / condenser 9 (as an evaporator). When the amount of working medium in the system returns to the initial charge amount, the component regulation process is completed.

[0047] Embodiment 4:

[0048] The present invention also provides a method for regulating the components of a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide mixed working medium heat pump air conditioner. When the system is operating normally, the component regulation unit does not work, and the mixed working medium sequentially passes through the compressor 1, the evaporator / condenser 9, the regenerator 8, the first throttle valve 7, the evaporator / gas cooler 5, the first gas-liquid separator 4, and the regenerator 8 to complete the cycle.

[0049] When the refrigeration mode changes to the heating mode and the carbon dioxide component required by the system increases, the specific implementation process is as Figure 12As shown, after the working fluid from the evaporator / condenser 9 (acting as a condenser) completes regenerative heat exchange in the regenerator 8, it enters the component regulation unit. It flows through the AB passage of valve V1 to the second throttle valve 13, and after throttling by the second throttle valve 13, it enters the second gas-liquid separator 12. The gas phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator 12 flows through the AB passage of valve V10 to valve V3, and then flows back into the heat pump unit through the AC passage of valve V3. The liquid phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator 12 enters the second adjustment tank through the AC passage of valve V9. To enable the liquid to flow smoothly into the second adjustment tank, the gas above the second adjustment tank will overflow, and the overflow gas flows through the BC passage of valve V11 to valve V4. The ABC passage of valve V4 is fully open, and the working fluid from valve V3 and the working fluid from valve V11 converge at valve V4 and jointly flow to the first throttle valve 7. Then, through the AB passage of valve V5, it flows to valve V6. The ABC passage of valve V6 is fully open, and the working fluid in the first adjustment tank flows to valve V6 and converges with the working fluid from valve V5, and then flows to valve V7. The working fluid sequentially flows through the AB passage of valve V7 and the BC passage of valve V8 to the evaporator / gas cooler 5 (acting as an evaporator). Until the required component of the system is reached, the component regulation process is completed.

[0050] When converting from the heating mode to the cooling mode and the system needs to reduce the carbon dioxide component, the specific implementation process is as Figure 13As shown in the figure. After the working medium from the evaporator / gas cooler 5 (as a gas cooler) completes regenerative heat exchange through the regenerator 8, it enters the component regulation unit. The working medium flows through the AB passage of the valve V1 to the second throttle valve 13, and after being throttled by the second throttle valve 13, it enters the second gas-liquid separator 12. The liquid phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator 12 will flow back into the heat pump unit through the BC passage of the valve V9 and the AC passage of the valve V2, and continue to flow through the AB passage of the valve V3 to the valve V4. The gas phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator 12 will enter the second heat exchanger 14. At this time, part of the working medium originally leading to the evaporator will flow through the BC passage of the valve V7 to the second heat exchanger 14 to cool the gas-phase component separated by the gas-liquid separator to make it liquefy. The liquefied gas-phase component will flow into the first adjustment tank through the AC passage of the valve V10. In order to enable the liquid to flow smoothly into the first adjustment tank, the gas above the first adjustment tank will overflow, and the overflow gas will flow through the AB passage of the valve V11 to the valve V4. The ABC passage of the valve V4 is fully open, and the working medium from the valve V3 and the working medium from the valve V11 converge at the valve V4 and jointly flow to the first throttle valve 7. The ABC passage of the valve V5 is fully open, and the working medium in the second adjustment tank flows to the valve V5 and converges with the working medium from the first throttle valve, and through the AB passage of the valve V6, it flows to the valve V7. At the valve V7, part of the working medium will flow through the BC passage of the valve V7 to the second heat exchanger 14, and after the heat exchange is completed, this part of the working medium will flow to the valve V8. At the valve V8, the working medium after the heat exchange in the heat exchanger will converge with the working medium from the valve V7 that has not undergone heat exchange and flow to the evaporator / condenser 9 (as an evaporator). Until the required components are reached, the component regulation is completed.

[0051] The component regulation system of the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide mixed working medium heat pump air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention can collect and release components according to the different gas-liquid phase components after throttling and the components in the adjustment tank when the refrigeration and heating modes are switched, playing a role in component regulation, improving the system performance, and saving energy and reducing emissions.

[0052] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope described in the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control system for regulating components of a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air conditioner, characterized in that Comprising: A heat pump unit and a component regulation unit; the heat pump unit includes a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a four-way valve, an evaporator / gas cooler, a regenerator, a first throttle valve, an evaporator / condenser, and a first gas-liquid separator; the first heat exchanger is a defrost heat exchanger; the component regulation unit includes: a second throttle valve, a second gas-liquid separator, a second heat exchanger, a first adjustment tank, a second adjustment tank, and a three-way valve; Wherein, when the system conducts a normal working cycle, the component regulation unit does not participate in the cycle. When the refrigeration and heating modes of the system are switched, the component regulation unit starts to work. The working medium that originally flows through the first throttle valve of the heat pump unit will all flow to the second throttle valve of the component regulation unit. After being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve to reach a suitable gas-liquid composition, it will enter the second gas-liquid separator of the component regulation unit. After the gas-liquid components are separated by the second gas-liquid separator, the first adjustment tank or the second adjustment tank collects the separated components, and the second adjustment tank or the first adjustment tank releases the components to the heat pump unit until the system reaches the required carbon dioxide mixed working medium ratio; The second throttle valve is used to adjust the pressure after throttling so that the carbon dioxide mixed working medium after throttling reaches a suitable gas-liquid composition; The second gas-liquid separator is used to separate the gas-liquid two-phase after being throttled by the second throttle valve; The second heat exchanger is used to cool and condense the gas-phase components when collecting the gas-phase components during the component regulation process; when collecting the gas-phase components, the gas-phase components will enter the second heat exchanger, and a part of the working medium that originally leads to the evaporator will lead to the second heat exchanger to cool and condense the gas-phase components; The first adjustment tank and the second adjustment tank are respectively initially filled with a certain amount of carbon dioxide mixed working medium with a suitable ratio, and are used to collect the gas-phase or liquid-phase mixed working medium separated by the gas-liquid separator during the component regulation process, and release the mixed working medium to the heat pump unit when needed; the mixed working medium stored in the first adjustment tank has a higher carbon dioxide component, and the mixed working medium stored in the second adjustment tank has a lower carbon dioxide component; the component represents the mass fraction of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide mixed working medium; The three-way valve is used to adjust the flow direction of the working medium to enable the normal progress of the regulation process.

2. A vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air-conditioning component regulation method implemented by using the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air-conditioning component regulation system described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the system is operating normally, the component regulation unit does not work, and the mixed working medium sequentially passes through the compressor, the evaporator / condenser, the regenerator, the first throttle valve, the evaporator / gas cooler, the first gas-liquid separator, and the regenerator to complete the cycle; When the system mode is switched and component regulation is required, the component regulation unit starts to work. All the working medium in the system flows to the second throttle valve. The first adjustment tank or the second adjustment tank collects the liquid separated by the second gas-liquid separator, and the gas phase normally flows into the heat pump unit. When the component collection process is completed, the remaining working medium in the system does not enter the component regulation unit, and the component regulation unit requires the second adjustment tank or the first adjustment tank to release the components to the system until it returns to the original working medium filling amount of the system.

3. A method for regulating components of a vehicle carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air conditioner implemented by using the regulating system for components of a vehicle carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the system is operating normally, the component regulation unit does not work, and the mixed working medium sequentially passes through the compressor, the evaporator / condenser, the regenerator, the first throttle valve, the evaporator / gas cooler, the first gas-liquid separator, and the regenerator to complete the cycle; When the system mode is switched and component regulation is required, the component regulation unit starts to work. All the working fluids in the system flow to the second throttle valve. When the system needs to reduce the carbon dioxide component, the first adjustment tank collects the gas phase separated by the gas-liquid separator, and the working fluid flowing into the evaporator leads to the gas phase collection point. The gas-phase working fluid is cooled and liquefied through the second heat exchanger, and the liquefied gas-phase working fluid flows into the first adjustment tank. The liquid-phase working fluid separated by the second gas-liquid separator flows into the heat pump unit. After the component collection process is completed, the remaining working fluids in the system do not enter the component regulation unit, and the component regulation unit requires the second adjustment tank to release components to the system until the original working fluid filling volume of the system is restored. When the system needs to increase the carbon dioxide component, the second adjustment tank collects the liquid-phase working fluid separated by the second gas-liquid separator, and the gas-phase working fluid separated by the second gas-liquid separator flows into the heat pump unit. After the component collection process is completed, the remaining working fluids in the system do not enter the component regulation unit, and the component regulation unit requires the first adjustment tank to release components to the system until the original working fluid filling volume of the system is restored.

4. A vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air-conditioning component regulation method implemented by using the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide mixed refrigerant heat pump air-conditioning component regulation system described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the system is operating normally, the component regulation unit does not work, and the mixed working fluid completes the cycle in sequence through the compressor, evaporator / condenser, regenerator, first throttle valve, evaporator / gas cooler, first gas-liquid separator, and regenerator. When the system mode is switched and component regulation is required, the component regulation unit starts to work. All the working fluids in the system flow to the second throttle valve. When the system needs to reduce the carbon dioxide component, the first adjustment tank collects the gas phase separated by the second gas-liquid separator, and the working fluid flowing into the evaporator leads to the gas phase collection point. The gas-phase working fluid is cooled and liquefied through the second heat exchanger, and the liquefied gas-phase working fluid flows into the first adjustment tank. The liquid-phase working fluid separated by the second gas-liquid separator flows into the heat pump unit. At the same time, the second adjustment tank releases components to the system until the required components of the system are reached. When the system needs to increase the carbon dioxide component, the second adjustment tank collects the liquid-phase working fluid separated by the gas-liquid separator, and the liquid-phase working fluid separated by the second gas-liquid separator flows into the heat pump unit. At the same time, the first adjustment tank releases components to the system until the required components of the system are reached.

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