A garbage incinerator start-stop steam recycling system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of waste incinerator steam recovery systems, in particular to a waste incinerator start-stop steam recovery and utilization system. The waste incinerator start-stop steam recovery and utilization system comprises a waste incinerator, a temperature and pressure reducing mechanism, a tubular heat exchange station mechanism, a heat utilization mechanism, a condenser mechanism and a control mechanism; the waste incinerator is used for incineration treatment of household garbage; the temperature and pressure reducing mechanism and the tubular heat exchange station mechanism are used for temperature and pressure reduction treatment of steam; the heat utilization mechanism is used for collecting hot water generated by steam temperature reduction; the condenser is used for collecting temperature and pressure reduction steam; the control mechanism is used for data display and monitoring control of the temperature and pressure reducing mechanism, the tubular heat exchange station mechanism, the heat utilization mechanism and the condenser mechanism. The application has the advantage of reducing waste of waste incineration steam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of steam recovery systems for waste incinerators, and in particular to a steam recovery and utilization system for starting and stopping a waste incinerator. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urban construction and new rural construction in my country, the amount of domestic waste is increasing day by day. Traditional methods of domestic waste disposal mainly include landfill and incineration. Landfill occupies a large amount of valuable land resources and pollutes the environment; while incineration not only reduces the volume of waste, but also allows the heat generated by incineration to generate electricity and heat, achieving the purpose of energy reuse.

[0003] However, when starting up or shutting down a waste incinerator, a furnace drying process is required. Starting up the furnace requires about 10 hours of drying, and shutting down the furnace requires about 3 hours of drying. However, during the furnace drying or cooling process, the boiler outlet steam pressure and temperature are relatively low compared to the steam pressure and temperature required for turbine power generation, thus failing to meet the conditions for turbine power generation and recycling.

[0004] The mainstream design of current incineration power plants is to directly vent the steam generated during the initial start-up and shutdown phases into the atmosphere. However, directly venting this steam into the atmosphere results in a significant waste of the steam working fluid and causes noise pollution in the vicinity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the shortcomings of waste incineration steam waste, this application provides a waste incinerator start-up and shutdown steam recovery and utilization system.

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a steam recovery and utilization system for starting and stopping a waste incinerator, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A waste incinerator start-up and shutdown steam recovery and utilization system includes a waste incinerator, a desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism, a tubular heat exchange station mechanism, a heat utilization mechanism, a condenser mechanism, and a control mechanism.

[0008] The waste incinerator is used to incinerate municipal solid waste. The steam outlet of the waste incinerator is connected to the steam inlet of the de-icing and pressure reducing mechanism. A noise remover is installed at the incineration steam outlet of the waste incinerator.

[0009] The desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism is used to cool and depressurize the steam. The desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism cools the steam through desuperheating water. The desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism adjusts the steam into overheated and overpressured steam and overheated and suitable-pressured steam. The suitable-temperature and suitable-pressured steam outlet of the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism is connected to the condenser mechanism. The suitable-pressured and overheated and suitable-pressured steam outlet of the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism is connected to the steam inlet of the tubular heat exchange station mechanism. The hot water outlet of the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism is connected to the heat utilization mechanism.

[0010] The tubular heat exchange station is used to cool the appropriate pressure steam. The cooling operation of the tubular heat exchange station is carried out through the cooling water of the heating network. The appropriate pressure steam outlet of the tubular heat exchange station is connected to the condenser mechanism, and the hot water outlet of the tubular heat exchange station is connected to the heat utilization mechanism.

[0011] The heat utilization mechanism is used to collect the hot water generated by steam cooling;

[0012] The condenser mechanism is used to collect cooled and depressurized steam;

[0013] The control mechanism is used to display data and monitor the de-cooling and pressure-reducing mechanism, the tubular heat exchange station mechanism, the heat utilization mechanism, and the condenser mechanism.

[0014] Although the boiler outlet steam pressure and temperature are relatively low compared to the steam pressure and temperature required for turbine power generation, they are relatively high for steam recovery. Therefore, it is necessary to first reduce the pressure and temperature of the steam.

[0015] Specifically, when the waste incinerator is started or stopped, staff can directly transfer the waste incineration steam to the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism. At this time, the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism first separates the steam according to the steam conditions. Overheated and overpressured steam is transferred to the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism for cooling and depressurization, while underheated and underpressured steam with appropriate pressure is directly transferred to the tubular heat exchange station for cooling. This converts the steam generated from waste incineration into underheated and underpressured steam, thus meeting the conditions for steam turbine power generation and reducing steam waste.

[0016] The hot water generated during the cooling operation can be stored at the heat utilization facility. In addition to raising the temperature of the waste pit in winter to promote waste fermentation, it can also be used in parallel with the plant's heating network to provide a heat source for the plant's offices.

[0017] In addition, noise is generated when combustion steam is released from the waste incinerator, which affects the lives of surrounding residents. Noise removal devices can eliminate this noise.

[0018] Optionally, the depressurization and pressure reduction mechanism includes an overpressure steam pipe, a pressure reduction pipe, a pressure reduction controller, and a depressurization pipe, wherein the inner diameter of the pressure reduction pipe is larger than the inner diameter of the overpressure steam pipe.

[0019] The overpressure steam pipe includes an inlet section, an overpressure steam outlet section, and a suitable pressure steam outlet section. The suitable pressure steam outlet section is equipped with a control valve. One end of the inlet section is connected to the steam outlet of the waste incinerator, and the other end of the inlet section is connected to both the overpressure steam outlet section and the suitable pressure steam outlet section. The end of the overpressure steam outlet section away from the inlet section is connected to the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe, and the end of the suitable pressure steam outlet section away from the inlet section is connected to the steam inlet of the tubular heat exchange station mechanism.

[0020] The pressure reducing controller is located at the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe. The pressure reducing controller is used to transfer overpressure steam into the pressure reducing pipe and to block steam at appropriate pressure. The desuperheating pipe is housed in the pressure reducing pipe. Desuperheating water is connected to the desuperheating pipe. The outlet of the desuperheating pipe is connected to the heat utilization mechanism.

[0021] When the waste incineration steam is transferred to the inlet section, the pressure reducing controller first filters the steam. Overpressured, overheated, and suitable-pressure steam is transferred through the overpressure steam outlet to the pressure reducing pipe. Because the inner diameter of the pressure reducing pipe is larger than that of the overpressure steam pipe, the pressure reducing pipe can increase the flow area to reduce the pressure of the overpressured, overheated, and suitable-pressure steam. Meanwhile, the desuperheating pipe uses desuperheating water to desuperheat the overpressured, overheated, and suitable-pressure steam. The overheated, suitable-pressure steam is transferred through the suitable-pressure steam outlet to the tubular heat exchange station mechanism, which then cools the overheated, suitable-pressure steam, thus achieving the desuperheating and pressure reduction operation of the waste incineration steam.

[0022] Optionally, the pressure reducing controller includes a control base, a compression spring, a sliding block, and a contact plate. The control base is disposed at the pressure-appropriate steam inlet pipe, and the control base is fixedly connected to the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe. A sliding groove is provided on the control base.

[0023] The sliding block reciprocates within the sliding groove. The compression spring is disposed within the sliding groove, with one end connected to the bottom of the groove and the other end connected to the sliding block. The compression spring forces the sliding block to block the inlet of the pressure-reducing pipe. The contact plate is vertically disposed at the end of the sliding block away from the compression spring. Overpressure steam passes through the contact plate, forcing the sliding block to slide into the sliding groove and opening the inlet of the pressure-reducing pipe.

[0024] When the overheated and overpressured steam is transferred to the inlet section, it first forces the sliding block to slide into the sliding groove through the contact plate, opening the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe. This then facilitates the transfer of the overheated and overpressured steam into the pressure reducing pipe for pressure reduction. After all the overheated and overpressured steam has been transferred, the compression spring forces the sliding block to disengage from the sliding groove, thereby causing the sliding block to seal the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe again.

[0025] Optionally, the pressure relief controller further includes a limiting shaft and a limiting ring. A limiting hole is formed through the bottom of the sliding groove. The limiting shaft is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding block near the compression spring. The limiting shaft passes through the compression spring and the limiting hole in sequence. The limiting ring is fixedly connected to the limiting shaft. The side of the limiting ring near the sliding block is always in contact with the outer wall of the control base.

[0026] When the compression spring forces the sliding block to re-block the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe, the limiting ring can limit the movement of the sliding block through the limiting shaft, effectively reducing the possibility of excessive movement of the sliding block and indirectly improving the sealing effect of the sliding block on the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe.

[0027] Optionally, the pressure reducing controller further includes a control board and a control column. The control board is slidably connected in the sliding groove. The end of the compression spring away from the sliding block is connected to the control board. A through hole is provided on the control board, and the limiting shaft passes through the through hole.

[0028] The bottom of the sliding groove is provided with a control threaded hole, and the control column passes through the control threaded hole and abuts against the control plate.

[0029] When it is necessary to screen waste incineration steam at higher / lower pressures, the operator can directly rotate the control column, which causes the control plate to move closer to / away from the sliding block. This forces the compression spring to compress / extend and increase / decrease its elastic modulus, requiring higher / lower pressures of waste incineration steam to move the sliding block, thus enabling the screening of waste incineration steam at different pressures.

[0030] Optionally, the tubular heat exchange station structure includes a pressure-controlled steam inlet pipe, a pressure-controlled steam outlet pipe, a cooling pipe network, and a cooling water controller;

[0031] The overheated and pressure-adjusting steam outlet of the de-heating and pressure-reducing mechanism is connected to the inlet end of the pressure-adjusting steam inlet pipe, the outlet end of the pressure-adjusting steam inlet pipe is connected to the inlet end of the pressure-adjusting steam outlet pipe, and the outlet end of the pressure-adjusting steam outlet pipe is connected to the condenser mechanism.

[0032] The cooling pipe network is installed inside the appropriate pressure steam outlet pipe, and the water outlet end of the cooling pipe network is connected to the heat utilization mechanism; the cooling water controller is installed at the appropriate pressure steam inlet pipe, and the control end of the cooling water controller blocks the water inlet end of the cooling pipe network. When appropriate pressure steam flows through the appropriate pressure steam inlet pipe, the appropriate pressure steam forces the cooling water controller to release the blockage on the water inlet end of the cooling pipe network.

[0033] When the pressure-appropriate steam (over-temperature) is transferred to the pressure-appropriate steam inlet pipe, it first forces the cooling water to unblock the cooling pipe network, thereby prompting the cooling pipe network to automatically cool the pressure-appropriate steam. When the pressure-appropriate steam is not flowing through the inlet pipe, the cooling water controller blocks the cooling pipe network, thus reducing the waste of cooling water.

[0034] Optionally, the cooling water controller includes a control base, a control block, an electromagnet, and a sealing block. The control base has a groove that communicates with the appropriate pressure steam inlet pipe. The control block is slidably connected to the groove and seals the appropriate pressure steam inlet pipe. A metal column is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the control block. A sliding hole is opened through the bottom of the groove, and the metal column passes through the sliding hole.

[0035] The electromagnet is mounted on the control base and has a first contact and a second contact. Pressure steam forces the metal column to move upward through the control block. When the metal column comes into contact with the first contact and the second contact, the first contact and the second contact are connected and drive the electromagnet to run.

[0036] The cooling pipe network has a base at its inlet end, and the base has a sealing groove that communicates with the cooling pipe network. The sealing block is slidably connected in the sealing groove. When no pressure steam flows through the pressure steam inlet pipe, the sealing block seals the cooling pipe network. When pressure steam flows through the pressure steam inlet pipe, the electromagnet attracts the sealing block to move and releases the seal on the cooling pipe network.

[0037] When the pressure-appropriate, overheating, and pressure-appropriate steam is transferred to the pressure-appropriate steam inlet pipe, the pressure-appropriate, overheating, and pressure-appropriate steam drives the control block to move and release the blockage on the steam inlet pipe. The control block then moves the metal column upward and abuts against the first and second contacts, thereby connecting the first and second contacts and activating the electromagnet. The electromagnet attracts the blocking block and releases the blockage on the cooling pipe network, thus enabling the cooling water to normally cool the pressure-appropriate, overheating, and pressure-appropriate steam.

[0038] When the appropriate pressure steam inlet pipe is not flowing with appropriate pressure steam, the control block automatically moves down under gravity and re-blocks the appropriate pressure steam inlet pipe. Simultaneously, the metal column disengages from the first and second contacts, causing the electromagnet to stop operating. Then, the operator can control the sealing block to re-block the cooling pipe network, effectively reducing the waste of cooling water.

[0039] Optionally, the sealing groove gradually slopes downwards in a direction away from the electromagnet.

[0040] When the appropriate pressure steam inlet pipe does not flow with appropriate pressure steam, the sealing block can automatically move downward under the guidance of the sealing groove and its own gravity, so that the staff no longer need to manually control the sealing block.

[0041] Optionally, the control block has an arc surface on the side away from the metal column.

[0042] When the pressure-appropriate steam is transferred to the pressure-appropriate steam inlet pipe, the arc surface can guide the pressure-appropriate steam, thus enabling the control block to move upward more easily and smoothly.

[0043] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0044] 1. When the waste incinerator is started and stopped, the de-temperature and pressure reducing mechanism can cool and depressurize the overheated and overpressured steam, and the tubular heat exchange station mechanism can cool the underheated and underpressured steam at appropriate pressure, thereby converting the steam generated by waste incineration into steam at appropriate temperature and pressure that meets the conditions for steam turbine power generation, thereby reducing the waste of steam.

[0045] 2. The hot water generated during the cooling operation can be stored at the heat utilization unit. In addition to raising the temperature of the garbage pit in winter to promote garbage fermentation, it can also be used in parallel with the plant's heating network to provide a heat source for the plant's office areas.

[0046] 3. Noise is generated when combustion steam is discharged from the waste incinerator, which affects the lives of surrounding residents. Noise removal devices can eliminate the noise. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steam recovery and utilization system for starting and stopping a waste incinerator.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steam recovery and utilization system for starting and stopping a waste incinerator.

[0049] Figure 3 This is an explosion diagram of a de-icing and de-pressure mechanism.

[0050] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the pressure reducing controller.

[0051] Figure 5 This is an exploded diagram of a pressure relief controller.

[0052] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of line AA along the route 4.

[0053] Figure 7 This is an exploded schematic diagram of a tubular heat exchange station.

[0054] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling water controller.

[0055] Figure 9 It is along Figure 8 A cross-sectional view along the BB line.

[0056] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Waste incinerator; 2. Desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism; 3. Tubular heat exchange station mechanism; 4. Heat utilization mechanism; 5. Condenser mechanism; 6. Control mechanism; 11. Noise remover; 21. Overpressure steam pipe; 22. Pressure reducing pipe; 23. Pressure reducing controller; 24. Desuperheating pipe; 31. Suitable pressure steam inlet pipe; 32. Suitable pressure steam outlet pipe; 33. Cooling pipe network; 34. Cooling water controller; 211. Inlet section; 212. Overpressure steam outlet section; 213. Suitable pressure steam outlet section; 214. Control valve; 231. Control base; 232. Compression spring; 233. Sliding block; 234. Contact plate; 235. Limiting shaft; 236. Limiting ring; 237. Control plate; 238. Control column; 341. Control base; 342. Control block; 343. Electromagnet; 344. Sealing block; 2311. Sliding groove; 2312. Limiting hole; 2313. Control threaded hole; 2371. Through hole; 3411. Sliding groove; 3412. Sliding hole; 3421. Arc surface; 3422. Metal column; 3431. First contact point; 3432. Second contact point; 3441. Base; 3442. Sealing groove; 3443. Iron block. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-9 This application will be described in further detail.

[0058] This application discloses a steam recovery and utilization system for starting and stopping a waste incinerator 1. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The waste incinerator 1 start-up and shutdown steam recovery and utilization system includes waste incinerator 1, desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism 2, tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3, heat utilization mechanism 4, condenser mechanism 5, and control mechanism 6.

[0059] The waste incinerator 1 incinerates municipal solid waste to obtain incineration steam. A desuperheating and pressure reduction mechanism 2 filters the incineration steam into overheated and overpressured steam and overheated and suitable-pressured steam. The desuperheating and pressure reduction mechanism 2 performs desuperheating and pressure reduction operations on the overheated and overpressured steam. A tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3 performs desuperheating operations on the overheated and suitable-pressured steam. Both the desuperheating and pressure reduction mechanism 2 and the tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3 use cooling water for desuperheating. A heat utilization mechanism 4 collects the hot water generated during desuperheating, while a condenser mechanism 5 collects the desuperheated and pressure-reduced steam. A control mechanism 6 displays and monitors the desuperheating and pressure reduction mechanism 2, the tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3, the heat utilization mechanism 4, and the condenser mechanism 5.

[0060] A noise suppressor 11 is installed at the steam outlet of the waste incinerator 1. The noise suppressor can be a commercially available conventional boiler exhaust silencer. The steam outlet of the waste incinerator 1 is connected to the steam inlet of the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism 2. The suitable temperature and pressure steam outlet of the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism 2 is connected to the condenser mechanism 5. The overheated and suitable pressure steam outlet of the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism 2 is connected to the steam inlet of the tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3. The suitable temperature and pressure steam outlet of the tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3 is connected to the condenser mechanism 5. The hot water outlets of both the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism 2 and the tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3 are connected to the heat utilization mechanism 4.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, valves are installed on the pipelines between the waste incinerator 1, the de-icing and pressure reducing mechanism 2, the tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3, the heat utilization mechanism 4, and the condenser mechanism 5, thereby enabling the staff to control the pipelines according to the implementation situation.

[0062] After the waste incinerator 1 incinerates municipal solid waste and obtains combustion steam, the combustion steam is first transferred to the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism 2. The desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism 2 first filters the combustion steam into overheated and overpressured steam and overheated and suitable-pressured steam. The desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism 2 desuperheats and reduces the pressure of the overheated and overpressured steam and finally transfers it to the condenser mechanism 5. The tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3 desuperheats the overheated and suitable-pressured steam and finally transfers it to the condenser mechanism. The hot water generated by the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism 2 and the tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3 is directly transferred to the heat utilization mechanism 4 for storage.

[0063] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The depressurization and de-pressure mechanism 2 includes an overpressure steam pipe 21, a depressurization pipe 22, a depressurization controller 23, and a depressurization pipe 24. The inner diameter of the depressurization pipe 22 is larger than the inner diameter of the overpressure steam pipe 21. The depressurization pipe 24 is located inside the depressurization pipe 22 and is connected to cooling water. The outlet of the depressurization pipe 24 is connected to the heat utilization mechanism 4.

[0064] The overpressure steam pipe 21 includes an inlet section 211, an overpressure steam outlet section 212, and a suitable-pressure steam outlet section 213. One end of the inlet section 211 is connected to the steam outlet of the waste incinerator 1, and the other end of the inlet section 211 is connected to both the overpressure steam outlet section 212 and the suitable-pressure steam outlet section 213. The end of the overpressure steam outlet section 212 away from the inlet section 211 is connected to the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe 22, and the end of the suitable-pressure steam outlet section 213 away from the inlet section 211 is connected to the steam inlet of the tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3. A control valve 214 is mounted on the suitable-pressure steam outlet section 213.

[0065] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The pressure reducing controller 23 is located at the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe 22. The pressure reducing pipe 22 is used to transfer overheated and overpressured steam into the pressure reducing pipe 22 and to block overheated and overpressured steam.

[0066] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The pressure reducing controller 23 includes a control base 231, a compression spring 232, a sliding block 233, a contact plate 234, a limiting shaft 235, a limiting ring 236, a control plate 237, and a control column 238. The control base 231 is fixedly connected to the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe 22, and a sliding groove 2311 is provided on the control base 231. The control plate 237 and the sliding block 233 are both slidably connected in the sliding groove 2311. The compression spring 232 is housed in the sliding groove 2311, with one end of the compression spring 232 abutting against the sliding block 233 and the other end abutting against the control plate 237. The compression spring 232 always forces the sliding block 233 to block the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe 22. The contact plate 234 is vertically fixed to the end of the sliding block 233 away from the compression spring 232.

[0067] A limiting hole 2312 is provided through the bottom of the sliding groove 2311, and a through hole 2371 is provided through the control plate 237. A limiting shaft 235 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding block 233 away from the contact plate 234. The limiting shaft 235 passes through the compression spring 232, the through hole 2371, and the limiting hole 2312 in sequence. A limiting ring 236 is threaded onto the limiting shaft 235, and the side of the limiting ring 236 closest to the compression spring 232 always abuts against the outer wall of the control base 231. Control threaded holes 2313 are symmetrically provided at the bottom of the sliding groove 2311, and the control column 238 passes through the control threaded holes 2313 and abuts against the control plate 237.

[0068] When overheated and overpressured steam flows through the inlet section 211, the steam first contacts the contact plate 234. The contact plate 234 drives the sliding block 233 to move closer to the compression spring 232, thereby causing the sliding block 233 to release the blockage at the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe 22. Since the inner diameter of the pressure reducing pipe 22 is larger than that of the steam pipe, it can increase the flow area to reduce the pressure of the overpressured and overheated steam. Meanwhile, the desuperheating pipe 24 desuperheats the overpressured and overheated steam using desuperheating water.

[0069] In addition, operators can adjust the position of the control plate 237 by rotating the control column 238, thereby changing the elastic modulus of the compression spring 232 and thus achieving the function of screening overheated steam at different pressures. For overheated steam with suitable pressure, operators can open the control valve 214 to transfer the overheated steam with suitable pressure to the tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3 for cooling.

[0070] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3 includes a pressure-controlled steam inlet pipe 31, a pressure-controlled steam outlet pipe 32, a cooling pipe network 33, and a cooling water controller 34. The inlet end of the pressure-controlled steam inlet pipe 31 is connected to the end of the pressure-controlled steam outlet section 213 furthest from the inlet section 211. The outlet end of the pressure-controlled steam inlet pipe 31 is connected to the inlet end of the pressure-controlled steam outlet pipe 32. The outlet end of the pressure-controlled steam outlet pipe 32 is connected to the condenser mechanism 5. The cooling pipe network 33 is installed inside the pressure-controlled steam outlet pipe 32, and the water outlet end of the cooling pipe network 33 is connected to the heat utilization mechanism 4.

[0071] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 The cooling water controller 34 is located at the pressure-controlled steam inlet pipe 31. Specifically, the cooling water controller 34 includes a control base 341, a control block 342, an electromagnet 343, and a blocking block 344. The control base 341 is fixedly connected to the pressure-controlled steam inlet pipe 31. A sliding groove 3411 communicating with the pressure-controlled steam inlet pipe 31 is opened in the control base 341. The control block 342 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 3411 and blocks the pressure-controlled steam inlet pipe 31.

[0072] The lower end face of the control block 342 is provided with an arc surface 3421, and a metal column 3422 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the control block 342. A sliding hole 3412 is opened through the bottom of the sliding groove 3411, and the metal column 3422 passes through the sliding hole 3412. The electromagnet 343 is fixedly connected to the control base 341. A first contact 3431 and a second contact 3432 are installed on the electromagnet 343. The overheated and pressure-appropriate steam drives the metal column 3422 to move upward through the control block 342. When the metal column 3422 abuts against the first contact 3431 and the second contact 3432, the first contact 3431 and the second contact 3432 are interconnected and drive the electromagnet 343 to run.

[0073] A base 3441 is fixedly connected to the water inlet end of the cooling pipe network 33. A sealing groove 3442 is provided on the side wall of the base 3441, and the sealing groove 3442 gradually slopes downward away from the electromagnet 343. A sealing block 344 is slidably connected in the sealing groove 3442, and an iron block 3443 is fixedly connected to the end of the sealing block 344 near the electromagnet 343.

[0074] When the high-temperature and high-pressure steam flows through the high-pressure steam inlet pipe 31, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam drives the control block 342 to move and release the blockage of the high-pressure steam inlet pipe 31. The control block 342 drives the metal column 3422 to move upward and abut against the first contact 3431 and the second contact 3432, thereby connecting the first contact 3431 and the second contact 3432 and activating the electromagnet 343. The electromagnet 343 attracts the blocking block 344 through the iron block 3443 and releases the blockage of the cooling pipe network 33, thereby enabling the cooling water to normally cool the high-temperature and high-pressure steam.

[0075] When no high-temperature, high-pressure steam flows through the appropriate-pressure steam inlet pipe 31, the control block 342 automatically moves down under gravity and re-blocks the appropriate-pressure steam inlet pipe 31. At the same time, the metal column 3422 disengages from the first contact 3431 and the second contact 3432, thereby causing the electromagnet 343 to stop operating. The blocking block 344, guided by the blocking groove 3442 and its own weight, automatically moves down and re-blocks the cooling pipe network 33, effectively reducing the waste of cooling water.

[0076] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the aforementioned fixed connection can be selected according to actual needs, using conventional fixed connection methods such as welding, integral molding, threaded connection, and bolt fixing. The heat utilization mechanism 4, condenser mechanism 5, and control mechanism 6 can be selected from conventionally used mechanisms. In this embodiment, the heat utilization mechanism 4 is a conventional hot water tank, and the condenser mechanism 5 is a conventional condenser.

[0077] The implementation principle of a steam recovery and utilization system for starting and stopping a waste incinerator 1 according to an embodiment of this application is as follows:

[0078] After the waste incinerator 1 incinerates municipal solid waste and obtains combustion steam, the combustion steam is first transferred to the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism 2. The desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism 2 first filters the combustion steam into overheated and overpressured steam and overheated and suitable-pressured steam. The desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism 2 desuperheats and reduces the pressure of the overheated and overpressured steam and finally transfers it to the condenser mechanism 5. The tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3 desuperheats the overheated and suitable-pressured steam and finally transfers it to the condenser mechanism. The hot water generated by the desuperheating and pressure reducing mechanism 2 and the tubular heat exchange station mechanism 3 is directly transferred to the heat utilization mechanism 4 for storage.

[0079] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A steam recovery and utilization system for starting and stopping a waste incinerator, characterized in that: It includes a waste incinerator (1), a de-temperature and pressure reducing mechanism (2), a tubular heat exchange station mechanism (3), a heat utilization mechanism (4), a condenser mechanism (5), and a control mechanism (6). The waste incinerator (1) is used to incinerate domestic waste. The steam outlet of the waste incinerator (1) is connected to the steam inlet of the de-icing and de-pressurization mechanism (2). A noise remover is provided at the incineration steam outlet of the waste incinerator (1). The de-temperature and pressure reducing mechanism (2) is used to de-temperature and pressure reduce steam. The de-temperature and pressure reducing mechanism (2) de-temperatures steam by de-temperature water. The de-temperature and pressure reducing mechanism (2) adjusts steam into over-temperature and over-pressure steam and over-temperature and suitable-pressure steam. The suitable-temperature and suitable-pressure steam outlet of the de-temperature and pressure reducing mechanism (2) is connected to the condenser mechanism (5). The suitable-pressure and over-temperature and suitable-pressure steam outlet of the de-temperature and pressure reducing mechanism (2) is connected to the steam inlet of the tubular heat exchange station mechanism (3). The hot water outlet of the de-temperature and pressure reducing mechanism (2) is connected to the heat utilization mechanism (4). The tubular heat exchange station mechanism (3) is used to cool the appropriate pressure steam. The cooling operation of the tubular heat exchange station mechanism (3) is carried out through the cooling water of the heating network. The appropriate pressure steam outlet of the tubular heat exchange station mechanism (3) is connected to the condenser mechanism (5). The hot water outlet of the tubular heat exchange station mechanism (3) is connected to the heat utilization mechanism (4). The heat utilization mechanism (4) is used to collect the hot water generated by steam cooling; The condenser mechanism (5) is used to collect cooled and depressurized steam; The control mechanism (6) is used to display data and monitor the de-heating and pressure reducing mechanism (2), the tubular heat exchange station mechanism (3), the heat utilization mechanism (4) and the condenser mechanism (5); the de-heating and pressure reducing mechanism (2) includes an overpressure steam pipe (21), a pressure reducing pipe (22), a pressure reducing controller (23) and a de-heating pipe (24), and the inner diameter of the pressure reducing pipe (22) is larger than the inner diameter of the overpressure steam pipe (21); The overpressure steam pipe (21) includes an air inlet (211), an overpressure steam outlet (212), and a suitable steam outlet (213). The suitable steam outlet (213) is equipped with a control valve (214). One end of the air inlet (211) is connected to the steam outlet of the waste incinerator (1). The other end of the air inlet (211) is connected to the overpressure steam outlet (212) and the suitable steam outlet (213). The end of the overpressure steam outlet (212) away from the air inlet (211) is connected to the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe (22). The end of the suitable steam outlet (213) away from the air inlet (211) is connected to the steam inlet of the tubular heat exchange station mechanism (3). The pressure reducing controller (23) is located at the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe (22). The pressure reducing controller (23) is used to transfer overpressure steam into the pressure reducing pipe (22) and block steam at appropriate pressure. The desuperheating pipe (24) is housed in the pressure reducing pipe (22). Desuperheating water is connected in the desuperheating pipe (24). The outlet of the desuperheating pipe (24) is connected to the heat utilization mechanism (4).

2. The waste incinerator start-up and shutdown steam recovery and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure reducing controller (23) includes a control base (231), a compression spring (232), a sliding block (233), and a contact plate (234). The control base (231) is fixedly connected to the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe (22), and a sliding groove (2311) is provided on the control base (231). The sliding block (233) slides back and forth in the sliding groove (2311). The compression spring (232) is disposed in the sliding groove (2311). One end of the compression spring (232) is connected to the bottom of the sliding groove (2311), and the other end of the compression spring (232) is connected to the sliding block (233). The compression spring (232) forces the sliding block (233) to block the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe (22). The contact plate (234) is vertically disposed at the end of the sliding block (233) away from the compression spring (232). Overpressure steam passes through the contact plate (234) to force the sliding block (233) to slide into the sliding groove (2311) and open the inlet of the pressure reducing pipe (22).

3. The waste incinerator start-up and shutdown steam recovery and utilization system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure reduction controller (23) further includes a limiting shaft (235) and a limiting ring (236). The bottom of the sliding groove (2311) is provided with a limiting hole (2312). The limiting shaft (235) is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding block (233) near the compression spring (232). The limiting shaft (235) passes through the compression spring (232) and the limiting hole (2312) in sequence. The limiting ring (236) is fixedly connected to the limiting shaft (235). The side of the limiting ring (236) near the sliding block (233) is always in contact with the outer wall of the control base (231).

4. The waste incinerator start-up and shutdown steam recovery and utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure relief controller (23) also includes a control plate (237) and a control column (238). The control plate (237) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (2311). The end of the compression spring (232) away from the sliding block (233) is connected to the control plate (237). A through hole (2371) is provided on the control plate (237), and the limiting shaft (235) passes through the through hole (2371). The bottom of the sliding groove (2311) is provided with a control threaded hole (2313), and the control column (238) passes through the control threaded hole (2313) and abuts against the control plate (237).

5. The waste incinerator start-up and shutdown steam recovery and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tubular heat exchange station mechanism (3) includes a pressure-controlled steam inlet pipe (31), a pressure-controlled steam outlet pipe (32), a cooling pipe network (33), and a cooling water controller (34). The appropriate pressure steam outlet of the de-heating and de-pressure reducing mechanism (2) is connected to the inlet end of the appropriate pressure steam inlet pipe (31), the outlet end of the appropriate pressure steam inlet pipe (31) is connected to the inlet end of the appropriate pressure steam outlet pipe (32), and the outlet end of the appropriate pressure steam outlet pipe (32) is connected to the condenser mechanism (5). The cooling pipe network (33) is installed inside the appropriate pressure steam outlet pipe (32), and the water outlet end of the cooling pipe network (33) is connected to the heat utilization mechanism (4); the cooling water controller (34) is installed at the appropriate pressure steam inlet pipe (31), and the control end of the cooling water controller (34) blocks the water inlet end of the cooling pipe network (33). When appropriate pressure steam flows through the appropriate pressure steam inlet pipe (31), the appropriate pressure steam forces the cooling water controller (34) to release the blockage of the water inlet end of the cooling pipe network (33).

6. The waste incinerator start-up and shutdown steam recovery and utilization system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cooling water controller (34) includes a control base (341), a control block (342), an electromagnet (343), and a sealing block (344). The control base (341) is located at the pressure-adjustable steam inlet pipe (31). A groove (3411) communicating with the pressure-adjustable steam inlet pipe (31) is opened in the control base (341). The control block (342) is slidably connected in the groove (3411) and seals the pressure-adjustable steam inlet pipe (31). A metal column (3422) is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the control block (342). A sliding hole (3412) is opened through the bottom of the groove (3411), and the metal column (3422) passes through the sliding hole (3412). The electromagnet (343) is mounted on the control base (341). The electromagnet (343) is provided with a first contact (3431) and a second contact (3432). The appropriate pressure steam forces the metal column (3422) to move upward through the control block (342). When the metal column (3422) abuts against the first contact (3431) and the second contact (3432), the first contact (3431) and the second contact (3432) are connected and drive the electromagnet (343) to run. The cooling pipe network (33) has a base (3441) at its water inlet end. The base (3441) has a sealing groove (3442) that is connected to the cooling pipe network (33). The sealing block (344) is slidably connected in the sealing groove (3442). When the appropriate pressure steam inlet pipe (31) does not flow with appropriate pressure steam, the sealing block (344) seals the cooling pipe network (33). When the appropriate pressure steam inlet pipe (31) flows with appropriate pressure steam, the electromagnet (343) attracts the sealing block (344) to move and releases the sealing of the cooling pipe network (33).

7. The waste incinerator start-up and shutdown steam recovery system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sealing groove (3442) gradually slopes downward in a direction away from the electromagnet (343).

8. The waste incinerator start-up and shutdown steam recovery and utilization system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control block (342) has an arc surface (3421) on the side away from the metal column (3422).

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