A water conservancy sampling device and a water conservancy project ecological risk assessment method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a water conservancy sampling device, which obtains the mass change of the feed box through a microgravity sensor, obtains the number of times the test organism passes through infrared rays through an infrared sensing camera, and monitors hydrological and hydrodynamic indicators through an integrated probe, including flow rate, water depth, turbidity, temperature, pH, oxygen dissolution, and conductivity; and collects pollutants attached to the fiber net of the DGT sampler in the biological monitoring box to measure the target pollutant concentration value MEC. The device is placed in different hydrological and hydrodynamic characteristic areas of the water conservancy project, analyzes chemical pollutants and biological activities before and after the operation of the water conservancy project, and comprehensively evaluates the ecological risks of the water conservancy project. Compared with traditional ecological monitoring methods, the present invention has significantly reduced operating difficulty, overcomes the randomness and uncertainty of biological samples, and can provide comprehensive and intuitive feedback for the impact of water conservancy project construction on river health.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of ecological risk assessment of water conservancy projects, and in particular to a water conservancy sampling device and its application in ecological risk assessment of water conservancy projects. Background Art

[0002] Water resources are basic natural resources and strategic economic resources, and are the controlling factors of ecology and environment. In order to solve the four major problems of "too much water, too little water, dirty water, and muddy water", the scale of water resource project construction has been continuously promoted in recent years in order to improve the long-term water shortage situation. As a key livelihood project, water diversion projects have brought new problems and challenges while promoting the problem of uneven distribution of water resources. Among them, ecological environment and pollution problems are one of the issues that need to be addressed. The operation of water conservancy projects has broken the original hydrological and hydrodynamic processes of rivers, resulting in changes in water and sand transport and pollutant fate, which poses potential risks to the healthy development of the ecosystem. Therefore, under the increasingly severe situation of water shortage, how to effectively and systematically evaluate the ecological risks of pollutants under the operation of water conservancy projects is an important basis for sustainable development.

[0003] At present, the monitoring method for rivers disturbed by hydrodynamics is the same as that for static rivers. After collecting on-site water samples and analyzing the distribution characteristics of target pollutants, the ecological risk is assessed by the entropy method. The water sampling devices used are mostly single devices for collecting pollutants in water. However, unlike static rivers, water bodies affected by water diversion projects usually have the characteristics of fast water exchange cycles, frequent water and sand disturbances, and external pollutant inputs. The existence of laminar flow, turbulent flow, and uniform flow interactions may cause the system to be in a state of medium exchange for a long time. The randomness and contingency of passive sampling methods cannot truly reflect the ecological risks of trace micropollutants. Summary of the invention

[0004] Objective of the invention: The first objective of the present invention is to provide a water sampling device that can simultaneously collect chemical pollutants and monitor biological activities.

[0005] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the ecological risk of a water conservancy project, which can comprehensively and accurately evaluate the ecological risk of a water conservancy project.

[0006] Technical solution: A water conservancy sampling device of the present invention comprises a floating plate and a central column passing through the floating plate, the central column being a hollow structure with circuits arranged inside, a photovoltaic inverter and a battery being arranged on the central column above the floating plate, the battery being connected to a solar panel, a photovoltaic inverter and a battery being fixed on the top of the central column passing through the floating plate; a bait box being arranged on the floating plate, the bait box being connected to a biological detection box through a bait feeding tube, the bait feeding tube being provided with a gravity sensor for sensing changes in bait mass; a plurality of biological monitoring boxes being arranged around the middle of the central column below the floating plate, the number of the bait boxes, the bait feeding tubes and the biological detection boxes being the same; a water inlet communicating with the outside world being arranged on each biological monitoring box; an integrated probe being arranged in each biological monitoring box, the integrated probe being connected to the circuit in the central column, the integrated probe being connected with a DGT sampler; an infrared sensing camera being arranged on the top of the biological monitoring box, and an infrared transmitter being arranged on the bottom.

[0007] Preferably, a support frame for fixing the central column is provided on the floating plate.

[0008] Preferably, a fixing anchor is provided at the bottom of the central column.

[0009] Preferably, a water shear stress sensor for controlling the angle of the fixed anchor blade is also provided on the central column below the floating plate.

[0010] Preferably, a half-openable cover is provided on the top of the biological monitoring box.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for conducting ecological risk assessment of water conservancy projects using the water conservancy sampling device, comprising the following steps:

[0012] (1) placing the test organisms in a biological monitoring box and placing the water sampling device in the water area to be tested as an experimental group; and placing the test organisms in a tap water aquaculture biological monitoring box as a control group;

[0013] (2) Turn on the infrared transmitter, and calculate the ratio of the test group to the control group based on the number of times the test organism passes through the infrared rays obtained by the infrared sensing camera;

[0014] (3) Calculate the ratio of the experimental group to the control group based on the change in the mass of the feed box obtained by the gravity sensor;

[0015] (4) Read the hydrological and hydrodynamic indicators monitored by the integrated probe, including flow rate, water depth, turbidity, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and conductivity;

[0016] (5) taking out the biological monitoring box described in step (1), collecting pollutants attached to the fiber net of the DGT sampler, and determining the target pollutant concentration value MEC;

[0017] (6) Predict the ecological risk based on chemical pollutants. The specific assessment steps are as follows:

[0018] Calculate RQ = MEC / PNEC, where PNEC = LC50 / 1000, and the LC50 (half - lethal concentration of the target substance) is obtained through the ecological risk assessment software EPIsuite ECOSAR@4.1.

[0019] Classify the ecological risk of the pollutant according to the RQ value. When RQ ≤ 0.1, it is a low risk; when 0.1 < RQ < 1, it is a medium risk; when RQ ≥ 1, it is a high risk.

[0020] (7) Assess the ecological risk based on biological activities. The specific assessment steps are as follows: According to the ratio obtained in step (2), when the ratio is greater than 1, it indicates that the activity is induced; when it is less than 1, it indicates that the activity is inhibited.

[0021] When the ratio is in the range of [0.90, 1.00), it is in a low - risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity.

[0022] When the ratio is in the range of [0.70, 0.90), it is in a medium - risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity.

[0023] When the ratio is in the range of [0.50, 0.70), it is in a high - risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity.

[0024] When the ratio is in the range of [0.00, 0.50], it has been severely pathologically affected due to pollutant toxicity and has a risk of death.

[0025] According to the ratio obtained in step (3), when the ratio is greater than 1, it indicates that the activity is induced; when it is less than 1, it indicates that the activity is inhibited.

[0026] When the ratio is in the range of [0.90, 1.0), it is in a risk - free health stress state.

[0027] When the ratio is in the range of [0.80, 0.90), it is in a low - risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity.

[0028] When the ratio is in the range of [0.70, 0.80), it is in a medium - risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity.

[0029] When the ratio is in the range of [0.60, 0.70), it is in a high - risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity.

[0030] When the ratio is less than 0.60, it has been severely pathologically affected due to pollutant toxicity and has a risk of death.

[0031] Preferably, in step (1), the water conservancy sampling device is placed upstream, midstream and downstream of the water conservancy project building for sampling.

[0032] Preferably, the test organism in step (1) is crucian carp.

[0033] Preferably, the target pollutant concentration value MEC in step (5) is measured by solid phase microextraction-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

[0034] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: (1) The water flow direction is sensed by the water flow shear stress sensor, and the direction of the fixed anchor blade is changed to ensure that the entire device is stably placed in the water; (2) A DGT sampler is equipped to collect pollutants in the water for predicting ecological risks; (3) The feeding activity and swimming activity of individual organisms can be intuitively obtained through gravity sensors and infrared cameras without disturbing the test organisms, and the stress effect of water bodies on organisms can be analyzed in real time; (3) The ecological risks are assessed by both chemical pollutants and biological activities at the same time, which is more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a statistical chart of the ratio of the number of times the organisms in the experimental group passed through infrared rays to the number of times the organisms in the control group passed through infrared rays at different sampling points;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a statistical chart of the ratio of biological food intake mass of the experimental group to that of the control group at different sampling points. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Example 1 Predicting ecological risks based on chemical pollutant software

[0040] The water conservancy sampling device of the present invention includes a floating plate 2 and a central column 1 that runs through the floating plate 2. The central column 1 is a hollow structure with circuits arranged inside. A photovoltaic inverter 4 and a battery 6 are arranged on the central column 1 above the floating plate 2. The battery 6 is connected to a solar panel 5. The battery 6 stores electrical energy to power the entire device. The photovoltaic inverter 4 converts DC power into AC power through a boost circuit and an inverter bridge circuit. It determines whether it is day or night based on the size of the input photovoltaic voltage. When it drops to the night voltage, the driving circuit of the photovoltaic inverter is turned off to reduce energy consumption. A support frame 3 for fixing the central column 1 is provided on the floating plate 2.

[0041] A bait box 7 is provided on the floating plate 2, and the bait box 7 is connected to the biological monitoring box 10 through a bait feeding 8. A gravity sensor 9 for sensing changes in the quality of the bait is provided on the bait feeding tube 8; four biological monitoring boxes 10 located below the floating plate 2 surround and are arranged in the middle of the central column 1, and there are four bait boxes 7 and four bait feeding tubes, and their positions correspond to the four biological monitoring boxes 10 in the vertical direction; each biological monitoring box 10 is provided with a water inlet 13 connected to the outside; an integrated probe 16 is provided in each biological monitoring box 10 The integrated probe 16 is connected to the circuit in the central column 1, and the integrated probe 16 is connected to the DGT sampler 14. The cellulose film on the DGT sampler 14 can collect pollutants in the water; a half-openable cover 18 is provided on the top of the biological monitoring box 10, an infrared sensing camera 12 is provided on the top of the biological monitoring box 10, and an infrared transmitter 15 is provided on the bottom. The infrared transmitter 15 emits a cross-shaped infrared ray to divide the bottom plate into four parts. When the test organism passes through, the infrared sensing camera 12 automatically senses and takes pictures and records.

[0042] A fixed anchor 17 is provided at the bottom of the central column 1, and a water flow shear stress sensor 11 for controlling the blade angle of the fixed anchor 17 is also provided on the central column 1 below the floating plate 2. The water flow shear stress sensor 11 can adjust the angle and direction of the blade of the fixed anchor 17 according to the direction of the water flow, so that the entire hydraulic sampling device can be stably fixed at the sampling point.

[0043] The software prediction method is used to conduct ecological risk assessment of water conservancy projects using the above-mentioned water conservancy sampling device, as follows:

[0044] Taking the Qinhuai River diversion project in Nanjing as the research object, the Qinhuai River and the Qinhuai New River as the monitoring areas, in July 2022, 6 sampling points S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6 were arranged 1 km upstream and 1.5 km downstream of the Wudingmen sluice gate and the Qinhuai New River sluice gate, respectively. The water conservancy project sampling device of Example 1 was fixed at the sampling point, and 4 crucian carp were placed in each biological monitoring box 10. The 7 drug compounds that are currently of high concern in the water environment are the target pollutants, namely, roxithromycin, sertraline, ofloxacin, propranolol, caffeine, fluoxetine, and erythromycin in Table 1. After 14 days of placement, the biological inspection monitoring box 10 and the DGT sampler 14 of the water conservancy project sampling device were removed, and the cellulose film of the DGT sampler 14 was collected and sent to the laboratory for analysis and detection.

[0045] Table 1 Main physical and chemical properties of target pollutants

[0046]

[0047] The integrated probe 15 is used to measure the three-dimensional flow velocity, water depth, turbidity, temperature, pH, Do and other indicators during the sampling period. The specific monitoring results are shown in Table 2.

[0048] Table 2 Monitoring values ​​of hydrological and hydrodynamic indicators

[0049]

[0050] Water samples were collected by DGT sampler 14, and the six target pollutants, including roxithromycin, sertraline, ofloxacin, propranolol, caffeine, fluoxetine, and erythromycin, were quantitatively analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS / MS). Liquid chromatography used a Waters ultra-high performance liquid chromatography system (Milford, MA, USA), and the column model was BEH-C 18 (100mm×1.7μm×2.1mm; Waters, USA), column temperature 40℃, injection volume 5μL, flow rate 0.4mL / min. The target substances were separated by gradient elution. The mobile phase in positive ion mode (ESI+) included A (ultrapure water / (methanol+0.1% formic acid), v / v=98 / 2) and B (100% acetonitrile). The specific mobile phase gradient setting is shown in Table 3. Mass spectrometry analysis used a Waters Xevo triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ion source (ESI), and multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) was used to identify and quantify the target compounds. The capillary voltage was 3kV, the collision gas flow rate was 50L / h, the auxiliary heating gas temperature was 500℃, and the ion source gas flow rate was 900L / h. The mass spectrometry conditions such as the parent ion, daughter ion, collision voltage, collision energy, ion source mode and quantitative internal standard of the target compound are shown in Table 4.

[0051] Table 3 Mobile phase composition for liquid phase separation of target pollutants

[0052]

[0053] Table 4 Mass spectrometry optimization parameters of target compounds

[0054]

[0055] Table 5 Target pollutant concentration values ​​MEC (ng / L)

[0056]

[0057] The measured target pollutant concentration values ​​MEC are shown in Table 5. Among the seven target pollutants, caffeine had the highest pollution level, followed by ofloxacin. The total concentration of target pollutants gradually increased from upstream to downstream, indicating that under the promotion of water conservancy projects, pollutants gradually transferred and accumulated from upstream to downstream, causing the pollution level of downstream water bodies to increase.

[0058] Table 6 PNEC reference values ​​of target pollutants for fish

[0059]

[0060] The median lethal concentration of the target substance was obtained using the ecological risk assessment software EPIsuite ECOSAR@ 4.1.

[0061] PNEC = LC50 / 1000.

[0062] Table 7 RQ values of target pollutants for fish

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] RQ = MEC / PNEC.

[0066] The ecological risks of pollutants were classified according to the RQ values: RQ value ≤ 0.1, low risk; 0.1 < RQ < 1, medium risk; RQ ≥ 1, high risk.

[0067] The results showed that among all sampling points, the total RQ value of the target pollutants at point S1 was less than 0.1, showing low risk, and the total RQ values at other sampling points were all between 0.1 and 1, with medium ecological risks; among them, the downstream points S2, S3 and S5, S6 were higher than S1 and S4 respectively, and the RQ values of the downstream sampling points S2 and S5 near the water conservancy project construction were higher than those of the downstream points S3 and S6.

[0068] Example 2 Assessment of ecological risk based on biological activities

[0069] Using the water conservancy sampling device of Example 1, taking the Yangtze River water diversion project of the Qinhuai River in Nanjing as the research object, and the Qinhuai River and the Qinhuai New River as the monitoring areas, in July 2022, a total of 6 sampling points S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6 were arranged 1 km upstream and 1, 5 km downstream of the Wudingmen Check Gate and the Qinhuai New River Check Gate respectively. The water conservancy project sampling device of Example 1 was fixed at the sampling points, and 4 crucian carps were placed in each biological monitoring box 10. At the same time, a control group was set up in the laboratory, and the same number of crucian carp individuals were placed in the same water conservancy sampling device and raised in tap water in a glass tank.

[0070] 1. On the 1st, 7th, and 14th days of the exposure experiment, at 9:00 every morning, turn on the infrared emitter 15 and the infrared induction camera 12 for 10 minutes, and evaluate the ecological risk using the following evaluation criteria:

[0071] When the number of times the organisms in the experimental group cross / the number of times the organisms in the control group cross is greater than 1, the activity is induced, and when it is less than 1, the activity is inhibited;

[0072] When the ratio is in the range of [0.90, 1.00), it is in a state of low - risk health stress due to pollutant toxicity;

[0073] When the ratio is in [0.70, 0.90), it is in a medium-risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity;

[0074] When the ratio is in [0.50, 0.70), it is in a high-risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity;

[0075] When the ratio is in [0.00, 0.50), the patient has been seriously affected by the pollutants and is at risk of death.

[0076] Record the number of times the crucian carp swims through the infrared rays. The results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, on the 14th day of the experimental group, the ratio of the number of biological crossings in the experimental group to the number of crossings in the control group was greater than 1, indicating that the activity was induced. On the remaining 1 to 13 days, the swimming activities of the organisms were inhibited, and the ratio of the number of biological crossings in the experimental group to the number of crossings in the control group was less than 1. Compared with the sampling points S1 and S4 upstream of the water conservancy project, the swimming activity of the organisms in S2 and S3 as well as S5 and S6 downstream was significantly reduced. On the 1st and 7th days, S3 and S2, S5, and S6 were all lower than 0.5, indicating that the pollutants had been poisoned and had suffered serious pathological effects and were at risk of death. It can be seen that the severe disturbance of the water body by the water conservancy project has aggravated the inhibitory effect of pollutants on the activity of biological behavior, leading to ecological risks at the individual level.

[0077] 2. The experimental group and the control group opened the bait box 7 and the bait feeding tube 8, and the gravity sensor 9 monitored the daily quality changes of the bait box 7. The following evaluation criteria were used to evaluate the ecological risk:

[0078] When the biological food intake mass of the experimental group / the food intake mass of the control group is greater than 1, the activity is induced, and when it is less than 1, the activity is inhibited;

[0079] When the ratio is in [0.90, 1.0), it is in a state of no risk health stress;

[0080] When the ratio is in [0.80, 0.90), it is in a low-risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity;

[0081] When the ratio is in [0.70, 0.80), it is in a medium-risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity;

[0082] When the ratio is in [0.60, 0.70), it is in a high-risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity;

[0083] When the ratio is lower than 0.60, the person has already suffered severe pathological effects due to the toxicity of pollutants and is at risk of death.

[0084] 4 biological monitoring boxes 10 food quality changes such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the feeding changes in the upstream (S1, S4) were mostly between 0.9 and 1.0, indicating that the upstream water body was relatively stable and there was no risk of health stress in the short term. However, in the downstream sampling points (S2, S5), the feeding rate decreased significantly by about 20%, reaching 0.82 and 0.69 on the 14th day, respectively, which were in low-risk and high-risk states, and then as the water flow slowly decreased, the feeding changes in the downstream S3 and S6 increased slightly, reaching 0.96 and 0.74 on the 14th day, respectively, which were in no-risk health stress state and high-risk health stress state, respectively. It can be seen that the water diversion project has the most obvious impact on the buildings closest to the water conservancy project, and then slowly recovers to the upstream level.

[0085] It can be seen that, whether based on software prediction or actual biological exposure, it is found that the ecological risk downstream is higher than that upstream of the water conservancy project, and the impact on the buildings closest to the water conservancy project is most obvious, which shows that the device of the present invention is more practical and the ecological risk assessment method of this water conservancy project is more accurate.

[0086] The ecological risk of pollutants predicted by software is lower than the risk level of individual organisms in the actual exposure process. Analyzing the possible reasons, on the one hand, the hydrodynamic disturbance of water conservancy projects may also aggravate the biological stress effect of pollutants, which cannot be predicted only by software. In addition, due to the complex composition of pollutants in the actual water environment, it is impossible to analyze and monitor all pollutants. The ecological risk predicted by software cannot fully summarize the actual situation.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the ecological risk of a water conservancy project using a water conservancy sampling device, the water conservancy sampling device comprising a floating plate (2) and a central column (1) penetrating the floating plate (2), the central column (1) being a hollow structure with a circuit arranged inside, a photovoltaic inverter (4) and a storage battery (6) being arranged on the central column (1) above the floating plate (2), the storage battery (6) being connected to a solar panel (5); a bait box (7) being arranged on the floating plate (2), the bait box (7) being connected to a biological monitoring box (10) via a bait feeding tube (8), the bait feeding tube (8) being provided with a gravity sensor (9) for sensing changes in bait mass; A plurality of biological monitoring boxes (10) located below the floating plate (2) are arranged around the middle of the central column (1), and the number of the bait boxes (7) and the bait feeding tubes (8) is the same as that of the biological monitoring boxes (10); each biological monitoring box (10) is provided with a water inlet (13) connected to the outside; each biological monitoring box (10) is provided with an integrated probe (16), the integrated probe (16) is connected to the circuit in the central column (1), and the integrated probe (16) is connected to a DGT sampler (14); an infrared sensing camera (12) is provided at the top of the biological monitoring box (10), and an infrared transmitter (15) is provided at the bottom, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: (1) Put the test organisms into the biological monitoring box (10), and put the water sampling device into the water area to be tested as the experimental group; use the organisms in the biological monitoring box (10) cultured with tap water as the control group; (2) Turn on the infrared emitter (15), calculate the ratio of the experimental group to the control group according to the number of times the test organisms cross the infrared rays obtained by the infrared induction camera (12); (3) Calculate the ratio of the experimental group to the control group according to the change in the mass of the feed box obtained by the gravity sensor (9); (4) Read the hydrological and hydrodynamic indicators monitored by the integrated probe (16), including flow velocity, water depth, turbidity, temperature, PH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity; (5) Take out the biological monitoring box (10) in step (1), collect the pollutants attached to the fiber mesh of the DGT sampler (14), and measure the concentration value MEC of the target pollutants; (6) Predict the ecological risk based on the chemical pollutant software. The specific evaluation steps are as follows: Calculate RQ = MEC / PNEC, PNEC = LC50 / 1000, and the half-lethal concentration LC50 of the target substance is obtained through the ecological risk assessment software EPIsuite ECOSAR@4.1; Classify the ecological risk of the pollutants according to the RQ value. When RQ value ≤ 0.1, it is low risk; when 0.1 < RQ < 1, it is medium risk; when RQ ≥ 1, it is high risk; (7) Evaluate the ecological risk based on biological activities. The specific evaluation steps are as follows: According to the ratio obtained in step (2), when the ratio is greater than 1, it indicates that the activity is induced; when it is less than 1, it indicates that the activity is inhibited; When the ratio is in the range of [0.90, 1.00), it is in a low-risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity; When the ratio is in the range of [0.70, 0.90), it is in a medium-risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity; When the ratio is in the range of [0.50, 0.70), it is in a high-risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity; When the ratio is in the range of [0.00, 0.50), it has been severely pathologically affected due to pollutant toxicity and has a risk of death; According to the ratio obtained in step (3), when the ratio is greater than 1, it indicates that the activity is induced; when it is less than 1, it indicates that the activity is inhibited; When the ratio is in the range of [0.90, 1.0), it is in a risk-free health stress state; When the ratio is in the range of [0.80, 0.90), it is in a low-risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity; When the ratio is in the range of [0.70, 0.80), it is in a medium-risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity; When the ratio is in the range of [0.60, 0.70), it is in a high-risk health stress state due to pollutant toxicity; When the ratio is less than 0.60, it has been severely pathologically affected due to pollutant toxicity and has a risk of death.

2. The method for water conservancy project ecological risk assessment using a water conservancy sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame (3) for fixing the central column (1) is provided on the floating board (2).

3. The method for water conservancy project ecological risk assessment using a water conservancy sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed anchor (17) is provided at the bottom of the central column (1).

4. The method for water conservancy project ecological risk assessment using a water conservancy sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water flow shear stress sensor (11) for controlling the blade angle of the fixed anchor (17) is further provided on the central column (1) below the floating board (2).

5. The method for water conservancy project ecological risk assessment using a water conservancy sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the biological monitoring box (10) is provided with a half-openable cover plate (18).

6. The method for water conservancy project ecological risk assessment using a water conservancy sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the water conservancy sampling device is placed upstream, midstream and downstream of the water conservancy project building for sampling.

7. The method for water conservancy project ecological risk assessment using a water conservancy sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test organism in step (1) is crucian carp.

8. The method for water conservancy project ecological risk assessment using a water conservancy sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target pollutant concentration value MEC in step (5) is measured by solid phase microextraction-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

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