A method for fine delimitation of spatial range of an open-pit mine

Abstract

The application discloses a method for finely defining the spatial range of an open-pit mine area, and comprises the following steps: obtaining remote sensing data of a research area of the open-pit mine area; determining a total vector surface layer for representing the ranges of a mining area, a dump, a tailing pond and construction land; using ArcGIS to obtain a first threshold value, and making a first buffer zone with a distance greater than half of the first threshold value outside all polygons of the surface vector layer of the mining area, the dump, the tailing pond and the construction land; converting the first buffer zone from the surface vector layer into a line layer, using ArcGIS to obtain a second threshold value, and setting a second buffer zone with a distance corresponding to the second threshold value from the boundary of the first buffer zone inwardly to obtain a finely defined spatial range of the open-pit mine area. Advantage: the range of the mine area in the application is the actual spatial range of the current mine area, and the determination of the range is of great significance to the development of the mine area and the research on the influence of the mine area on the surrounding ecological environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for finely delineating the spatial extent of an open-pit mine, belonging to the field of information technology application technology. Background Technology

[0002] The mining area is a specific three-dimensional space within which mining rights holders are permitted by the state to mine mineral resources. The mining area and its surroundings often include complete production processes, ground transportation, power supply, communication dispatching, production management, and living services. The rational delineation of the mining area not only directly affects the environmental, economic, and social benefits of mineral development but also determines the possibility and value of converting mineral resources into land resources. Traditional open-pit mines often define their mining areas primarily based on "mineral extraction," generally according to the size of the deposit and the natural and social conditions of its location and surrounding area, rather than comprehensively considering factors such as the comprehensive utilization of natural resources and ecological environmental protection within the mining area. Therefore, exploring and improving a new model of integrated mining and land use that coordinates ecological protection, resource development, and mineral land utilization through the delineation of mining areas is an important innovation in the field of mineral resource development in the new era.

[0003] After analyzing the existing technologies for defining mining areas and the extent of exploration, although they all provide some very good guiding principles and methods for delineating mining areas, they do not provide specific instructions on how to achieve spatial delineation.

[0004] In summary, all definitions of the spatial scope of mining areas are limited to qualitative textual descriptions of their extent, failing to establish clear spatial boundaries. Furthermore, discussions of the ecological and environmental impacts of mining often require analyzing which ecological and environmental changes are caused by mining development and the extent of their impact. Therefore, transforming qualitative language descriptions into quantitative spatial definitions has significant practical and innovative implications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for finely delineating the spatial range of open-pit mines.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for finely delineating the spatial extent of an open-pit mine, comprising:

[0007] Obtain remote sensing data of the open-pit mining area;

[0008] Land use type information of mining area, spoil heap, tailings dam and construction land is extracted from remote sensing data of open-pit mining area. The land use type information of mining area, spoil heap, tailings dam and construction land is stored as a polygon layer in a shapefile vector data to obtain the total vector polygon layer used to represent the scope of mining area, spoil heap, tailings dam and construction land.

[0009] All polygons representing mining area, dump, tailings pond and construction land range in the total vector planar layer are automatically layered and stored, the distance between each independent polygon and each polygon of the total vector planar layer is calculated by using ArcGIS, the maximum value of the distance is selected as the first threshold value according to the small-to-large order of the NEAR_DIST field automatically generated when the distance is calculated, and the first buffer zone with a distance greater than half of the first threshold value is made outside all polygons of the planar vector layer of the mining area, dump, tailings pond and construction land in the mining area.

[0010] The first buffer zone is converted from the planar vector layer to a linear layer, the distance between the boundary of the first buffer zone converted to the linear layer and each polygon of the total vector planar layer is calculated by using ArcGIS, the minimum value of the distance is selected as the second threshold value according to the small-to-large order of the NEAR_DIST field in the attribute table of the total vector planar layer automatically generated when the distance is calculated, and the second buffer zone is set inward from the boundary of the first buffer zone with a distance corresponding to the second threshold value, and the range of the second buffer zone is the refined open-pit mine spatial range.

[0011] Further, the acquisition and data preprocessing of the open-pit mine research area remote sensing data include:

[0012] Meter-level high spatial resolution remote sensing data of the open-pit mine research area are acquired, and the meter-level high spatial resolution remote sensing data are respectively preprocessed by radiation correction, geometric correction and projection transformation, all the preprocessed data are uniformly converted to the same geographic coordinate system and map projection, and the open-pit mine research area remote sensing data are obtained.

[0013] Further, the extraction of the land occupation type information of the mining area, dump, tailings pond and construction land from the open-pit mine research area remote sensing data includes:

[0014] The land occupation type information of the mining area, dump, tailings pond and construction land is extracted from the open-pit mine research area remote sensing data by using visual interpretation method.

[0015] Further, the calculation of the distance between each independent polygon and each polygon of the total vector planar layer by using ArcGIS according to the small-to-large order of the NEAR_DIST field automatically generated when the distance is calculated includes:

[0016] All polygons of the total vector planar layer are split by using the split automatic splitting command in ArcGIS, each polygon forms an independent shapefile file, the distance between each independent polygon and each polygon of the total vector planar layer is calculated by using the Near command in the Proximity tool in ArcGIS, and the NEAR_DIST field in the attribute table of the total vector planar layer is automatically arranged in a small-to-large order.

[0017] Further, the distance between the first buffer zone boundary converted into a linear layer and each polygon of the total vector planar layer is calculated by using ArcGIS, and the NEAR_DIST field in the attribute table of the total vector planar layer is automatically arranged in a small-to-large order when the distance is calculated, and the distance between the first buffer zone boundary converted into a linear layer and each polygon of the total vector planar layer is calculated by using ArcGIS, and the NEAR_DIST field in the attribute table of the total vector planar layer is automatically arranged in a small-to-large order when the distance is calculated.

[0018] The distance between the first buffer zone boundary converted into a linear layer and each polygon of the total vector planar layer is calculated by using the Near command in the Proximity tool in ArcGIS, and the NEAR_DIST field in the attribute table of the total vector planar layer is automatically arranged in a small-to-large order when the distance is calculated.

[0019] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The prior art is only limited to the qualitative description of the spatial range of the mining area, and some mining areas, production processing areas and living areas are taken as the range of the mining area. The range of the mining area determined by the method obviously does not match the actual range of the mining area, because the mining area not only has mining areas, production processing areas and living areas, but also has some roads, squares, activity places and the like connecting these areas. The prior art cannot realize the clear division of the spatial boundary of the mining area range, which brings great trouble to the related research on the ecological environment influence of the mining area. The mining area range in the present application is the actual spatial range of the current mining area, and the determination of the range has important significance for the research on the influence of the mining area development on the surrounding ecological environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A flowchart of a fine demarcation method of a strip mine area spatial range according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 A land occupation type distribution map of the Shaanxi Jinduocheng molybdenum mining area;

[0023] Figure 3 A first buffer zone spatial distribution map of the Shaanxi Jinduocheng molybdenum mining area;

[0024] Figure 4 A fine mining area range spatial distribution map of the Shaanxi Jinduocheng molybdenum mining area. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for finely delineating the spatial extent of an open-pit mine area includes the following steps:

[0027] Step S1: Obtain basic data for the study area and preprocess the basic data;

[0028] In step S1, the basic data includes meter-level high spatial resolution remote sensing data from satellites such as Quickbird, IKONOS, PLEIADES, SPOT, WorldView, or GeoEye. Further, radiometric correction, geometric correction, and projection transformation are performed on the remote sensing data. After preprocessing, all the data is spatialized and unified to a unified geographic coordinate system and map projection.

[0029] Step S2: Using meter-level high spatial resolution remote sensing data from satellites such as Quickbird, IKONOS, PLEIADES, SPOT, WorldView, or GeoEye, visually interpret and extract information such as mining areas, spoil heaps, tailings ponds, and construction land, and determine the scope of mining areas, spoil heaps, tailings ponds, and construction land.

[0030] Step S3: Obtain refined spatial extent data of the mining area. Based on the basic data, use the spatial analysis function of ArcGIS software to create a buffer zone outward from the mining area, spoil heap, tailings pond, and construction land, with a value greater than the maximum distance between these three locations. Then, create another buffer zone inward from this buffer zone, with a value equal to the nearest distance from the boundary of the previous buffer zone to the mining area, spoil heap, tailings pond, and construction land. This process yields refined spatial extent data of the open-pit mine area.

[0031] To optimize the above technical solution, the specific measures also include:

[0032] In step 1, the basic data includes meter-level high spatial resolution remote sensing data from satellites such as Quickbird, IKONOS, PLEIADES, SPOT, WorldView, or GeoEye. Furthermore, after preprocessing, all the remote sensing data are uniformly converted to the same geographic coordinate system and map projection to enable spatial analysis and data statistics within the same geographic space, ensuring the comparability of statistical data.

[0033] In step S2, the determination of the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond and the construction land range, the land occupation type information of the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond and the construction land is extracted from the satellite meter-level high spatial resolution remote sensing data such as Quickbird or IKONOS or PLEIADES or SPOT or WorldView or GeoEye after the pretreatment of the open-pit mining area research region. All types of the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond and the construction land are stored in a shapefile vector data as a planar layer, which is called a total vector planar layer.

[0034] The area of the land damage in the mining process is investigated, including the range of the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond and the construction land in the open-pit mining area. The investigation method adopts the field investigation combined with the remote sensing interpretation analysis, and the specific method is as follows:

[0035] ①The mining area range is determined by the field investigation combined with the remote sensing image;

[0036] ②The positions of the mining area, the underground goaf, the subsidence land, the dump, the gangue and the tailings pond are determined by the field investigation using the handheld GPS;

[0037] ③The GPS measurement points in the field are matched with the meter-level high resolution remote sensing image of the satellite such as Quickbird or IKONOS or PLEIADES or SPOT or WorldView or GeoEye, the information of the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond and the construction land is extracted according to the GPS point position, and the area is calculated. Table 1 is a statistical table of the information extraction of the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond and the construction land in the Shaanxi Jinduicheng molybdenum mining area in the embodiment. At the same time, the Figure 2 the land occupation type distribution map of the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond and the construction land in the Shaanxi Jinduicheng molybdenum mining area is generated;

[0038] Serial number Code Category Area (km 2 ) Percentage of total area (%) 1 1 Mining area 2.24 31.85% 2 2 Dump 2.27 32.27% 3 3 Tailing pond 1.39 19.71% 4 4 Construction land 1.14 16.18%

[0039] In step S3, the fine mining area spatial range data is obtained, the spatial analysis function of the ArcGIS software is used according to the basic data,

[0040] the first buffer zone is made outside the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond and the construction land, the second buffer zone is made inside the first buffer zone, and the fine open-pit mining area spatial range is determined, including:

[0041] the first buffer zone is made outside the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond and the construction land, which is greater than half of the maximum distance between the distances of the polygons of the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond and the construction land, such as Figure 3 the spatial distribution map of the outer buffer zone of the Shaanxi Jinduicheng molybdenum mining area;

[0042] A second buffer zone is made inward from the outer boundary of the first buffer zone by a distance equal to the minimum distance from the first buffer zone boundary to the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond, and the construction land, and the range of the second buffer zone is the refined open-pit mine spatial range. Figure 4 Refined open-pit mine spatial distribution map of the Jinduocheng molybdenum mining area in Shaanxi.

[0043] A first buffer zone is made outward from the vector polygon boundaries of the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond, and the construction land by a distance greater than half the maximum distance between the vector polygon boundaries of the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond, and the construction land, and the first buffer zone includes:

[0044] All polygons of the total vector planar layer are split using the split automatic splitting command in ArcGIS, and each polygon forms an independent shapefile file. Then the Near command in the Proximity tool in ArcGIS is used to calculate the distance between each independent polygon and each polygon of the total vector planar layer, and the NEAR_DIST field in the attribute table of the total vector planar layer is automatically arranged in ascending order during the distance calculation. The maximum distance is selected as the first threshold value, and the value is divided by 2 to obtain the minimum value for making the first buffer zone. The first buffer zone is greater than half of the first threshold value, which is specifically set to 413.615 meters in this embodiment.

[0045] A buffer zone equal to the minimum distance from the first buffer zone boundary to the mining area, the dump, the tailings pond, and the construction land is made inward from the first buffer zone as a second buffer zone, and the range of the second buffer zone is the refined open-pit mine spatial range, including:

[0046] All polygons of the total vector planar layer are split using the split automatic splitting command in ArcGIS, and each polygon forms an independent shapefile file. Then the first buffer zone planar vector layer is converted into a linear layer, and then the Near command in the Proximity tool in ArcGIS is used to calculate the distance between the first buffer zone boundary converted into a linear layer and each polygon of the total vector planar layer. The NEAR_DIST field in the attribute table of the total vector planar layer is automatically arranged in ascending order during the distance calculation. The minimum distance is selected as the second threshold value, which is specifically set to 491.21 meters in this embodiment. The second threshold value is the distance value for making the second buffer zone. The second buffer zone is made inward from the first buffer zone boundary by the distance value, and the range of the second buffer zone is the refined open-pit mine spatial range.

[0047] In the problem of ecological environment impact caused by mining area, it is often necessary to analyze which ecological environment changes are caused by mining area development and how large the impact range is. The existing technology cannot realize the clear division of the spatial boundary of the mining area range, which brings great trouble to the related research on the ecological environment impact caused by the mining area. Through the demarcation of the mining area range, exploring and perfecting the new mode of mining land integration of coordinated development of ecological protection, resource development and mining land utilization is an important innovation in the field of mineral resources development in the new era. For the change from qualitative language description to positioning and quantitative space range, the determination of the range has very important practical innovation significance for the mining area development and the research on the impact on the surrounding ecological environment, and has very broad application prospect.

[0048] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for finely delineating the spatial extent of an open-pit mine area, characterized in that, include: Obtain remote sensing data of the open-pit mining area; Land use type information of mining area, spoil heap, tailings dam and construction land is extracted from remote sensing data of open-pit mining area. The land use type information of mining area, spoil heap, tailings dam and construction land is stored as a polygon layer in a shapefile vector data to obtain the total vector polygon layer used to represent the scope of mining area, spoil heap, tailings dam and construction land. All polygons representing the mining area, spoil heap, tailings dam, and construction land in the total vector polygon layer are automatically stored in layers. ArcGIS is used to calculate the distance between each independent polygon and each polygon in the total vector polygon layer. The distance is sorted in ascending order according to the NEAR_DIST field automatically generated when calculating the distance. The maximum value of the distance is selected as the first threshold. A first buffer with a distance greater than half of the first threshold is created outside all polygons in the polygon vector layer of the mining area, spoil heap, tailings dam, and construction land. The first buffer is converted from a polygonal vector layer to a line layer. ArcGIS is used to calculate the distance between the boundary of the first buffer converted to a line layer and each polygon in the total vector polygon layer. The NEAR_DIST field, which is automatically generated in the attribute table of the total vector polygon layer when calculating the distance, is sorted in ascending order. The minimum distance value is selected as the second threshold. The second buffer is set from the boundary of the first buffer inward with the distance corresponding to the second threshold. The range of the second buffer is the refined open-pit mine area. The method of using ArcGIS to calculate the distance between each individual polygon and each polygon in the overall vector polygon layer includes: All polygons in the total vector polygon layer are automatically split using the split command in ArcGIS, and each polygon forms an independent shapefile. The distance between each independent polygon and each polygon in the total vector polygon layer is calculated using the Near command in the Proximity tool in ArcGIS.

2. The method for finely delineating the spatial extent of an open-pit mine area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition and preprocessing of remote sensing data for the open-pit mining area study region include: Obtain meter-level high spatial resolution remote sensing data of the open-pit mining area; perform radiometric correction, geometric correction, and projection transformation preprocessing on the meter-level high spatial resolution remote sensing data respectively; and convert all the preprocessed data to the same geographic coordinate system and map projection to obtain the remote sensing data of the open-pit mining area.

3. The method for finely delineating the spatial extent of an open-pit mine area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extraction of land use type information for mining areas, spoil heaps, tailings ponds, and construction land from remote sensing data of the open-pit mining area includes: Land use type information for mining areas, spoil heaps, tailings ponds, and construction land was extracted from remote sensing data of the open-pit mining area using visual interpretation methods.

4. The method for finely delineating the spatial extent of an open-pit mine area according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sorting order based on the NEAR_DIST field, which is automatically generated when calculating distances, from smallest to largest includes: The NEAR_DIST field in the total vector area layer attribute table is automatically sorted in ascending order when calculating distances.

5. The method for finely delineating the spatial extent of an open-pit mine area according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method involves using ArcGIS to calculate the distance between the boundary of the first buffer zone (converted into a line layer) and each polygon in the overall vector polygon layer. This distance calculation is automatically performed by sorting the NEAR_DIST field in the overall vector polygon layer attribute table from smallest to largest, including: The Near command in the Proximity tool of ArcGIS is used to calculate the distance between the first buffer boundary of the converted line layer and each polygon in the total vector polygon layer. The distance is automatically generated in the NEAR_DIST field of the total vector polygon layer attribute table and sorted in ascending order.

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