A fuel cell vehicle for mobile laboratories

Abstract

The present invention provides a fuel cell vehicle for a mobile laboratory, which relates to the technical field of fuel cell vehicles, including: a hydrogen storage system for storing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell stack; a particle weighing system for determining the particle content in hydrogen; a hydrogen supply system for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen storage system and the particle weighing system; the present invention adopts a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle as a vehicle-mounted device, in addition to the hydrogen supply system sending hydrogen from a hydrogen filling station to the fuel cell stack as fuel and the hydrogen storage system for storage; the hydrogen supply system also sends hydrogen to the particle weighing system at the same time, and the hydrogen storage bottle is filled with hydrogen by a hydrogen filling gun, and there is no decompression, so as to achieve the purpose of detecting difficult-to-detect particles, and achieve the effect of effectively saving the use space in the vehicle. The vehicle structure itself constitutes a mobile laboratory, realizes the mobile detection of hydrogen impurities, and performs online determination of particles, effectively improving timeliness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell vehicles, and in particular to a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle used in a mobile laboratory. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen quality assurance is a basic condition for the healthy development and large-scale application of the hydrogen energy and fuel cell vehicle industry. The International Organization for Standardization, the American Society of Automotive Engineers, the European Committee for Standardization and other organizations have successively formulated ISO 14687-2, SAE J2719, EN17124 and other quality standards for hydrogen used in fuel cell vehicles. The standard clearly stipulates the types and content index requirements of 13 impurities in hydrogen used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles to ensure the life and durability of fuel cells.

[0003] The analysis and detection of various types of trace impurities in hydrogen faces huge challenges. According to incomplete statistics, there are less than 6 laboratories in the world that can perform analysis in accordance with ISO 14687. However, this fixed laboratory testing model still has the pain points of long testing cycle, poor timeliness, high sample transportation costs, and inability to cope with sudden quality supervision and inspection and accident emergency response. The time from sampling, sample transportation to analysis is usually more than one week, and the sample transportation link consumes a lot of time, and also brings the possibility of secondary contamination of samples.

[0004] A new idea is to use a vehicle to realize a mobile laboratory for hydrogen quality testing, in which the vehicle part is indispensable as a transportation tool. However, traditional general vehicles can only be used as auxiliary tools for transportation and movement. If both online determination of all impurities and vehicle movement are required, then the vehicle space must be sufficient to meet the needs of the detection device. Therefore, it is crucial to be able to effectively use the space inside the vehicle.

[0005] Generally, the full mass analysis of hydrogen in vehicles requires the integration of multiple instruments, which makes it difficult for the vehicle space to meet the detection needs. In particular, the detection pressure required for particle analysis and other impurity detection is different. In order to prevent secondary contamination between particle weighing detection and other devices, independent channels are required, which increases the required space requirements and puts forward new requirements for vehicle space. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell vehicle hydrogen supply system for a mobile laboratory, which can combine the vehicle's own hydrogen fuel cell system with a hydrogen impurity detection system to achieve an online detection function for hydrogen impurities while effectively saving space;

[0007] The present invention provides a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle used in a mobile laboratory, comprising: a hydrogen storage system for storing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell stack; a particle weighing system for measuring the particle content in hydrogen; and a hydrogen supply system for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen storage system and the particle weighing system.

[0008] Furthermore, the hydrogen supply system comprises a main pipe connected to the fuel cell stack, and a main valve is provided on the main pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage system includes a hydrogen storage bottle, which is connected to the main pipeline. The hydrogen supply system includes a first pipeline connected to the hydrogen storage bottle, a first hydrogen storage valve is provided on the first pipeline, and a first hydrogen supply valve is provided between the hydrogen storage bottle and the main pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, the particulate matter weighing system includes a weighing pipeline, on which a filter membrane device is provided, and the filter membrane device is used to filter particulate matter; a mass flow meter is provided on the upstream side of the filter membrane device, which is used to measure the mass of the fluid entering the filter membrane device; a collecting cylinder is provided on the downstream side of the filter membrane device, which is used to measure the mass of the fluid output from the filter membrane device; the mass of the particulate matter is measured by the change in the fluid mass on the upstream and downstream sides of the filter membrane device.

[0011] Furthermore, the filter membrane device includes a connecting flange and a filter membrane located in the connecting flange, a needle valve is provided on the upstream side of the filter membrane, and a one-way valve is provided on the downstream side of the filter membrane.

[0012] Furthermore, the collecting cylinder is connected to the main pipeline through a recovery pipeline, and a recovery valve is provided on the recovery pipeline; the collecting cylinder supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell stack through the recovery valve; and / or the collecting cylinder supplies hydrogen to the hydrogen storage bottle through the recovery valve, the main valve and the first hydrogen storage valve.

[0013] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage system includes a spare hydrogen storage bottle connected to the hydrogen storage bottle for hydrogen supply, and the hydrogen supply system includes a second pipeline connected to the spare hydrogen storage bottle, and a second valve is provided on the second pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, a weighing valve is provided on the weighing pipeline at the upstream side of the mass flow meter.

[0015] Furthermore, a pressure gauge is provided between the weighing valve and the mass flow meter.

[0016] Furthermore, a tail gas treatment device is provided at the downstream end of the weighing pipeline.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention adopts a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle as a vehicle-mounted device. In addition to the hydrogen supply system sending hydrogen from the hydrogen filling station to the fuel cell stack as fuel and the hydrogen storage system for storage; the hydrogen supply system also sends hydrogen to the particle weighing system at the same time. The hydrogen storage bottle is filled with hydrogen by a hydrogen filling gun, and there is no decompression (the hydrogen storage bottle is used to store hydrogen itself, so there is no decompression function. The non-decompression characteristic is used to enter the particle filtration system to achieve particle detection. The hydrogen sample directly enters the particle system through system pressure and flow control, and no additional decompression device is required), so as to achieve the purpose of detecting difficult-to-detect particles and effectively save the space in the vehicle. The vehicle's own structure is constructed into a mobile laboratory to achieve mobile detection of hydrogen impurities and online determination of particles, effectively improving timeliness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a membrane filter device of the present invention;

[0021] Description of reference numerals:

[0022] 1-hydrogen storage system, 101-hydrogen storage bottle, 102-spare hydrogen storage bottle;

[0023] 2-particle weighing system, 201-weighing pipeline, 202-connector, 203-needle valve, 204-connecting flange, 205-filter membrane, 206-check valve, 207-drain valve, 208-mass flow meter, 209-pressure gauge, 210-weighing valve, 211-collecting cylinder, 212-recovery pipeline, 213-recovery valve;

[0024] 3-hydrogen supply system, 301-main pipeline, 302-first pipeline, 303-second pipeline, 304-main valve, 305-first hydrogen storage valve, 306-first hydrogen supply valve, 307-second valve;

[0025] 4- fuel cell stack, 5- power battery, 6- hydrogenation port, 7- tail gas treatment device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0028] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a hydrogen supply system 3 for a fuel cell vehicle for a mobile laboratory, comprising: a hydrogen storage system 1, for storing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell stack 4; a particulate matter weighing system 2, for determining the particulate matter content in hydrogen; and a hydrogen supply system 3, for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 4, the hydrogen storage system 1 and the particulate matter weighing system 2.

[0031] The fuel cell vehicle is mainly powered by the fuel cell stack 4 to the power battery 5, and the power battery 5 provides vehicle power. The hydrogen supply system 3 includes a hydrogen filling port 6 located at a position of the vehicle, and each hydrogen-using system is hydrogenated by entering the hydrogen filling port 6 through a hydrogen filling gun. When hydrogen is used to directly supply fuel to the fuel cell stack 4, the hydrogen supply system 3 supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 4 through the hydrogen filling port 6; when hydrogen is used to charge and store hydrogen for the hydrogen storage system 1, the hydrogen supply system 3 sends hydrogen to the hydrogen storage system 1 for storage, and the hydrogen storage system 1 supplies hydrogen and energy to the fuel cell stack 4 when necessary; when it is necessary to measure the particulate matter content in the hydrogen, the hydrogen supply system 3 sends hydrogen to the particulate matter weighing system 2, and the particulate matter weighing system 2 measures the particulate matter content in the hydrogen.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] This embodiment 2 specifically describes the hydrogen storage system 1:

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen supply system 3 includes a main pipeline 301 connected to the fuel cell stack 4, and a main valve 304 is provided on the main pipeline 301. The hydrogen storage system 1 includes a hydrogen storage bottle 101, which is connected to the main pipeline 301. The hydrogen supply system 3 includes a first pipeline 302 connected to the hydrogen storage bottle 101, and a first hydrogen storage valve 305 is provided on the first pipeline 302. A first hydrogen supply valve 306 is provided between the hydrogen storage bottle 101 and the main pipeline 301. The hydrogen storage system 1 includes a spare hydrogen storage bottle 102 connected to the hydrogen storage bottle 101 for hydrogen supply, and the hydrogen supply system 3 includes a second pipeline 303 connected to the spare hydrogen storage bottle 102, and a second valve 307 is provided on the second pipeline 303.

[0035] Specifically, when hydrogen is directly added at the hydrogen filling station, the main valve 304 is opened to add fuel to the fuel cell stack 4, the first hydrogen storage valve 305 is opened to add hydrogen to the hydrogen storage bottle 101, and the second valve 307 is opened to add hydrogen to the spare hydrogen storage bottle 102. After leaving the hydrogen filling station, when necessary (when the fuel cell stack 4 needs to be supplemented with hydrogen fuel), the first hydrogen supply valve 306 is opened, and the hydrogen storage bottle 101 adds hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell stack 4; when the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 101 is insufficient, the second valve 307 is opened, and the spare hydrogen storage bottle 102 adds hydrogen to the hydrogen storage bottle 101 through the first hydrogen storage valve 305, or directly adds hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell stack 4 through the main valve 304.

[0036] The outlet end of the hydrogen storage bottle 101 can be connected to the upstream side of the main valve 304 on the main pipeline 301 , and the first hydrogen supply valve 306 controls the replenishment of hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell stack 4 .

[0037] Example 3

[0038] This embodiment 3 specifically describes the particle weighing system 2:

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the particle weighing system 2 includes a weighing pipeline 201, on which a filter membrane 205 device is provided, and the filter membrane 205 device is used to filter particles; a mass flow meter 208 is provided on the upstream side of the filter membrane 205 device, which is used to measure the mass of the fluid entering the filter membrane 205 device; a collection cylinder 211 is provided on the downstream side of the filter membrane 205 device, which is used to measure the mass of the fluid output from the filter membrane 205 device; the mass of the particles is measured by the change of the fluid mass on both the upstream and downstream sides of the filter membrane 205 device. The filter membrane 205 device includes a connecting flange 204 and a filter membrane 205 located in the connecting flange 204, a needle valve 203 is provided on the upstream side of the filter membrane 205, and a one-way valve 206 is provided on the downstream side of the filter membrane 205. The collection cylinder 211 is connected to the main pipeline 301 through the recovery pipeline 212, and a recovery valve 213 is provided on the recovery pipeline 212; the collection cylinder 211 supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 4 through the recovery valve 213; and / or, the collection cylinder 211 supplies hydrogen to the hydrogen storage bottle 101 through the recovery valve 213, the main valve 304 and the first hydrogen storage valve 305. A weighing valve 210 is provided on the weighing pipeline 201 at the upstream side of the mass flowmeter 208. A pressure gauge 209 is provided between the weighing valve 210 and the mass flowmeter 208. An exhaust gas treatment device 7 is provided at the downstream end of the weighing pipeline 201.

[0040] Specifically, when feeding to the particle weighing system 2, the main valve 304, the first hydrogen storage valve 305 and the second valve 307 are closed respectively, the weighing valve 210 is opened, and the hydrogen enters the mass flow meter 208 through the pressure gauge 209, and the mass of the mixed hydrogen in a period of time is measured. When the mixed hydrogen passes through the filter membrane 205 device, the particles are filtered by the filter membrane 205, and the pure hydrogen enters the collection cylinder 211. The mass of the pure hydrogen is measured by the collection cylinder 211 (a high-precision weighing instrument can be set at the bottom of the collection cylinder 211). The mass value difference between the mass flow meter 208 and the collection cylinder 211 can be used to obtain the mass of the particles, thereby realizing online measurement. The filter membrane 205 device includes quick connectors 202 located at both ends, a needle valve 203 on the upstream side of the filter membrane 205, and a one-way valve 206 and an emptying valve 207 on the downstream side of the filter membrane 205.

[0041] It should be noted that in this device, the collection cylinder 211 is also connected to the main pipeline 301 through the recovery pipeline 212, so that the hydrogen after the detection is completed can be used as a hydrogen fuel for the fuel cell stack 4. Or it flows back through the main pipeline 301 into the first pipeline 302 and is connected to the hydrogen storage bottle 101, so that the hydrogen after the detection is completed can be used to replenish the hydrogen storage bottle 101. The tail gas treatment device 7 can be used to treat and discharge the tail gas in the entire system.

[0042] How this device works:

[0043] Before hydrogen filling, the general control system checks the operating status of each controller, and the system automatically saves the electronic report. Open the filling port, the hydrogen control system prompts to start filling, and the main valve 304, the first hydrogen storage valve 305 and the second valve 307 are fully opened. Verify that the hydrogen filling station adopts 35MPa hydrogen filling machine for filling. The hydrogen filling time is 5min to complete the entire hydrogen filling. After the filling is completed, the corresponding valve is closed.

[0044] The particle weighing system 2 is connected to the hydrogenation system, and the corresponding weighing valve 210 of the particle weighing system 2 is fully opened. The pressure of the hydrogenation system is determined to be 35.7 MPa from the pressure gauge reading, and the flow rate under the standard conditions corresponding to the mass flow meter 208 is determined. At the same time, the mass of the sampled hydrogen and the mass of the particles on the filter membrane 205 are determined based on the mass of the mixed fluid measured by the mass flow meter 208 and the mass of the pure hydrogen measured by the collection cylinder 211.

[0045] When the entire process of filling the hydrogen storage bottle 101 is completed, the particulate matter is weighed and exits the hydrogenation system. The system monitors the entire state of the hydrogenation system, completes the entire system monitoring, and forms a system electronic report.

[0046] After the particle weighing system 2 completes the weighing, the hydrogen in the cylinder 211 is collected and discharged into the fuel cell stack 4 as fuel, or discharged into the hydrogen storage bottle 101 for storage. The particle weighing system is connected to the inert pipeline system, and after purging with the inert gas for 30 minutes, it is ensured that there is no particle adhesion in the system.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell vehicle for a mobile laboratory, characterized in that: include: A hydrogen storage system, used to store hydrogen and supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack; Particle weighing system, used to determine the particle content in hydrogen; A hydrogen supply system, used to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen storage system and the particulate matter weighing system; The hydrogen supply system comprises a main pipe connected to the fuel cell stack, and a main valve is provided on the main pipe; The hydrogen storage system comprises a hydrogen storage bottle, which is connected to the main pipeline, and the hydrogen supply system comprises a first pipeline connected to the hydrogen storage bottle, a first hydrogen storage valve is arranged on the first pipeline, and a first hydrogen supply valve is arranged between the hydrogen storage bottle and the main pipeline; when hydrogen is directly refueled at a hydrogen refueling station, the main valve is opened to add fuel to the fuel cell stack, and the first hydrogen storage valve is opened to add hydrogen to the hydrogen storage bottle; after leaving the hydrogen refueling station, when the fuel cell stack needs to be supplemented with hydrogen fuel, the first hydrogen supply valve is opened, and the hydrogen storage bottle adds hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell stack; The particle weighing system comprises a weighing pipeline, on which a filter membrane device is provided, and the filter membrane device is used to filter the particles; A mass flow meter is provided on the upstream side of the filter membrane device for measuring the mass of the fluid entering the filter membrane device; A collection cylinder is provided on the downstream side of the filter membrane device for measuring the quality of the fluid output from the filter membrane device; Determine the mass of particulate matter by the change in the mass of the fluid on both the upstream and downstream sides of the filter membrane device; The collection cylinder is connected to the main pipeline through a recovery pipeline, and a recovery valve is provided on the recovery pipeline; The collecting cylinder supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell stack through the recovery valve, so that the hydrogen after the detection is completed is used as a hydrogen fuel to supplement the fuel cell stack; And / or, the collection cylinder supplies hydrogen to the hydrogen storage bottle through the recovery valve, the main valve and the first hydrogen storage valve, so that the hydrogen after the detection is completed is used to replenish the hydrogen storage bottle; The particle weighing system is connected to the inert piping system, and the inert gas purge ensures that there is no particle adhesion in the system.

2. The fuel cell vehicle for a mobile laboratory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter membrane device comprises a connecting flange and a filter membrane located in the connecting flange. A needle valve is arranged on the upstream side of the filter membrane, and a one-way valve is arranged on the downstream side of the filter membrane.

3. The fuel cell vehicle for mobile laboratory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage system includes a spare hydrogen storage bottle connected to the hydrogen storage bottle for supplying hydrogen, and the hydrogen supply system includes a second pipeline connected to the spare hydrogen storage bottle, and a second valve is provided on the second pipeline; When refueling directly at a hydrogen refueling station, open the second valve to add hydrogen to the spare hydrogen storage bottle; when the hydrogen storage bottle is insufficient, open the second valve, and the spare hydrogen storage bottle will add hydrogen to the hydrogen storage bottle through the first hydrogen storage valve, or directly add hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell stack through the main valve.

4. The fuel cell vehicle for a mobile laboratory according to claim 1, characterized in that: A weighing valve is provided on the weighing pipeline at the upstream side of the mass flow meter.

5. The fuel cell vehicle for mobile laboratory according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pressure gauge is provided between the weighing valve and the mass flow meter.

6. The fuel cell vehicle for mobile laboratory according to claim 5, characterized in that: A tail gas treatment device is provided at the downstream end of the weighing pipeline.

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