An automatic casting device and method for an anode guide rod

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fully automatic casting device and method for anode guide rods, including a casting trolley (1), a casting positioning device (2), a control system (3), and a temperature measuring device (4). A traveling device (5) is installed on the casting trolley (1), and the traveling device (5) is electrically connected to the control system (3); the casting positioning device (2) is electrically connected to the control system (3), and the appropriate casting position is judged by the casting positioning device (2) after the anode steel claws are deformed; the temperature measuring device (4) is installed on the carbon bowl edge line of the anode carbon block (7), and the temperature measuring device (4) is electrically connected to the control system (3). The present invention can truly realize the fully automatic casting of anode guide rods, and the entire casting process is fully automated without manual intervention and involvement, solving the problems of high labor intensity, low efficiency, inconsistent casting quality in current manual casting, and the inability of the existing automatic casting methods in the prior art to work stably.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a casting device and method for an anode rod of electrolytic aluminum, in particular to a fully automatic casting device and method for an anode rod, belonging to the technical field of electrolytic aluminum. Background Art

[0002] In the process of anode assembly in electrolytic aluminum production, molten iron is used for casting to tightly combine the anode steel claws and carbon blocks. The existing anode assembly casting links mainly include two methods: manual casting and mechanized semi-automatic casting. The production process of the manual casting method is as follows: the forklift places the anode carbon blocks on the casting rack one by one and manually adjusts the level and centering. The overhead crane hoists the anode rod and places the steel claw head into the anode carbon bowl, manually centers and fixes it. Then, the overhead crane hoists the ladle to the intermediate frequency furnace to fill it with molten iron, hoists it to the casting rack, and the operator manually rotates the handwheel of the ladle to inject molten iron into the carbon bowl one by one for casting. During the operation process, the walking operations of the trolley and crab of the overhead crane need to be closely coordinated with the casting operation of the ladle. This manual casting method has the disadvantages of poor working environment for personnel and low labor efficiency. The production process of the mechanized semi-automatic casting method is as follows: mechanized anode assembly and casting equipment are configured in the casting area. The carbon blocks are sent to the meshing station by the conveying equipment to be combined with the steel claws, and then the casting vehicle transports molten iron from the intermediate frequency furnace to the casting station to assemble and cast the anode group by manually adjusting the ladle. During the pouring process, the operator needs to manually operate the equipment in the cab, and the work efficiency is low. Moreover, due to the high temperature in the cab, working in this environment for a long time will have an adverse impact on the health of workers, and safety accidents are likely to occur during the operation process. In the publicly disclosed Chinese patent "An Automatic Pouring Method for Anode Assembly and the Pouring Trolley Used" (Application No.: CN111618186), a camera is used to detect the pouring amount between the steel claws at the bottom of each rod and the carbon bowl in real time, and an image analysis and processing system is used to judge and analyze the pouring situation. In the actual production process, due to the harsh environment in the pouring area, the judgment of the image analysis and processing system is unstable, and at the same time, the cost of the image analysis and processing system is also expensive. And for the method in the above-mentioned publicly disclosed patent document, it can only cast at the set position. In the actual production process, the deformation of the anode steel claws is common. When the deformation amount is large, the fixed-position casting method will cause molten iron to overflow, resulting in safety risks and waste of raw materials. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fully automatic casting device and method for an anode rod to achieve the fully automatic and stable operation of anode rod casting, thereby overcoming the deficiencies of manual and semi-automatic casting in the prior art.

[0004] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] An automatic casting device for anode guide rods, which consists of: a casting trolley, a casting positioning device, a control system, and a temperature measuring device. A traveling device is installed on the casting trolley, and the traveling device controls the movement of the casting trolley on the rail. The traveling device is electrically connected to the control system; the casting positioning device is electrically connected to the control system, and the appropriate casting position is determined by the casting positioning device after the anode steel claws are deformed; the temperature measuring device is used to monitor the specified position of the carbon bowl of the anode carbon block, and the temperature measuring device is electrically connected to the control system.

[0006] As a preferred solution, in the above automatic casting device for anode guide rods, an encoder is installed on the traveling device, and the encoder is electrically connected to the control system. The control system sends control instructions to the encoder.

[0007] As another preferred solution, in the aforementioned automatic casting device for anode guide rods, a travel switch can also be installed on the rail, and the travel switch is electrically connected to the control system.

[0008] As a preferred solution, in the aforementioned automatic casting device for anode guide rods, a fixed seat is installed on the casting trolley, a casting support arm is connected to the fixed seat, and the casting support arm is connected to the side of the ladle.

[0009] As a preferred solution, in the aforementioned automatic casting device for anode guide rods, the casting positioning device can be a conventional photoelectric switch or an image recognition device.

[0010] An automatic casting method for anode guide rods, which includes the following steps:

[0011] (1) Before casting, automatically determine the appropriate casting position according to the position when the anode steel claws are deformed, and feedback it to the control system;

[0012] (2) Control the casting trolley to automatically move to the determined appropriate casting position through the control system to prepare for casting;

[0013] (3) After starting casting, use the temperature measuring device to continuously measure the liquid level temperature at the preset position of the carbon bowl of the anode carbon block. When the molten iron liquid level reaches the preset position and the temperature measuring device detects a change in the temperature at the preset position, this signal is fed back to the control system;

[0014] (4) After the control system receives this signal, it controls the casting trolley to stop casting for this carbon bowl, and controls the casting trolley to automatically move to another carbon bowl casting position for casting;

[0015] (5) Repeat the above procedure until all the casting positions of the carbon bowls on the anode carbon block are completed.

[0016] As a preferred solution, in the above-mentioned fully automatic casting method for anode guide rods, in step (1), a photoelectric switch or an image recognition device is used to judge the deformation direction of the steel claw and automatically determine a suitable casting position.

[0017] As a preferred solution, in the above-mentioned fully automatic casting method for anode guide rods, in step (2), an encoder is set on the casting trolley, or a travel switch is set on the rail of the casting trolley to detect the position of the casting trolley and control the traveling direction of the casting trolley, ensuring that the casting trolley automatically moves to the designated casting position.

[0018] As a preferred solution, in the above-mentioned fully automatic casting method for anode guide rods, the casting trolley operates fully automatically under the control of a control system without manual intervention or operation.

[0019] Advantages of the present invention: Compared with the prior art, the fully automatic casting device and method for anode guide rods of the present invention can truly realize the fully automatic casting of anode guide rods and can automatically find and judge the correct casting position. By installing an encoder on the traveling device of the casting trolley to calculate the number of wheel rotations or installing a travel switch on the traveling rail of the casting trolley to detect the position of the casting trolley, the casting trolley can be automatically controlled to move to the correct casting position. The present invention judges whether the molten iron liquid level reaches the designated position by continuously testing the temperature change at a preset position through a temperature measuring device, and can automatically judge whether the casting work of the carbon bowl is completed, thus completing the fully automatic casting work. The entire casting process is fully automated without manual intervention or involvement, solving the problems of high labor intensity, low efficiency, inconsistent casting quality in current manual casting, and the inability of the automatic casting methods in the prior art to work stably.

[0020] The present invention has the following characteristics:

[0021] (1) The provided casting positioning device can automatically find and judge a suitable casting position for the carbon bowl according to the deformation of the steel claw, and automatically complete all casting actions of the anode guide rod without manual intervention or involvement.

[0022] (2) The casting trolley can operate fully automatically under the control of a control system without the need to set up a cab for controlling the casting trolley in the prior art or a remote manual control device at other positions.

[0023] (3) Through the temperature measuring device, it can automatically judge whether the casting work of the carbon bowl is completed during the casting process and automatically stop casting. The entire casting process is fully automatic without manual intervention or involvement, with a high degree of automation. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the fully automatic casting device for anode guide rods of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram for judging the deformation of the steel claw and the casting position of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure: 1 - casting trolley, 2 - casting positioning device, 3 - control system, 4 - temperature measuring device, 5 - traveling device, 6 - steel rail, 7 - anode carbon block, 8 - fixed seat, 9 - casting support arm, 10 - ladle, 11 - steel claw located at the center of the carbon bowl, 12 - steel claw deformed in a certain direction, 13 - carbon bowl edge line.

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Specific Embodiments

[0028] Example 1: As Figure 1 shown, a fully automatic casting device for anode guide rods includes a casting trolley 1, a casting positioning device 2, a control system 3, and a temperature measuring device 4. A traveling device 5 is installed on the casting trolley 1. The casting trolley 1 is controlled to travel on the steel rail 6 through the traveling device 5, and the traveling device 5 is electrically connected to the control system 3; An encoder is installed on the traveling device 5, and the encoder is electrically connected to the control system 3. Through the encoder, the position and operation of the casting trolley 1 can be precisely controlled to ensure that the traveling device 5 of the casting trolley 1 can be controlled by the control system 3 and moved to the specified casting position to achieve the full-automatic operation of the casting trolley 1. A travel switch can also be installed on the steel rail 6, and the travel switch is electrically connected to the control system 3. The position and operation of the casting trolley 1 are precisely controlled through the travel switch to achieve the full-automatic operation of the casting trolley 1.

[0029] The casting positioning device 2 is electrically connected to the control system 3. Through the casting positioning device 2, the appropriate casting position after the deformation of the anode steel claw can be automatically judged. The casting positioning device 2 adopts a conventional photoelectric switch or image recognition device in the prior art. Through the photoelectric signal of the photoelectric switch or the image recognition signal of the image recognition device, the deformation condition of the anode steel claw is automatically recognized and judged;

[0030] The temperature measuring device 4 is electrically connected to the control system 3. The temperature measuring device 4 is used to continuously measure the temperature of the carbon bowl edge line during the casting process. Whether the molten iron liquid level reaches the preset position is judged through the temperature change, so as to automatically end the casting. The temperature measuring device 4 can adopt a conventional contact or non-contact temperature measuring device in the prior art according to needs.

[0031] The casting trolley 1 is used to transport molten iron and achieve casting. The casting trolley 1 travels along the rail 6. A fixed seat 8 is installed on the casting trolley 1, and a casting support arm 9 is connected to the fixed seat 8. The casting support arm 9 is connected to the side of the ladle 10. By lifting and rotating the casting support arm 9, the ladle 10 can be lifted, flipped or lowered to achieve casting or end casting.

[0032] Working principle: Since the steel claws may deform in any direction, as Figure 2 shown, if the steel claws 11 are in the center position of the carbon bowl, at this time, the casting equipment can pour molten iron from points A, B, and C to complete the casting of this carbon bowl. When the steel claws deform in a certain direction, such as Figure 2 the deformed steel claws 12 in it, at this time, since points A and C are too close to the side line 13 of the carbon bowl, if molten iron is forcibly poured in, it will cause molten iron to overflow, resulting in accidents and waste of raw materials. At this time, only point B is the casting position with sufficient casting space. After detecting the deformation direction of the steel claws through the casting positioning device 2, it is finally determined that point B is the appropriate casting position, and this signal is fed back to the control system 3. The control system 3 controls the casting trolley 1 to move to the correct casting position through the traveling device 5 to prepare for casting; after starting casting, the temperature measuring device 4 continuously measures the liquid level temperature at the preset position of the carbon bowl. When the temperature measuring device 4 detects that the temperature at the preset position changes, it means that the molten iron liquid level has reached the specified position, and the casting amount at this carbon bowl position has reached the requirement. The control system 3 determines that the casting of this carbon bowl is completed and stops casting, and then feeds this signal back to the control system 3. The control system 3 sends a control signal to the traveling device 5, and controls the casting trolley 1 to go to another casting position of the anode carbon bowl for casting work through the traveling device 5; a group of anode carbon blocks usually have 4 casting positions for the carbon bowls. The control system 3 repeats the casting action according to the above procedure until the casting of the four carbon bowls is completed.

[0033] The implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. All changes made without departing from the gist of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic casting device for an anode guide rod, characterized in that: It includes a casting trolley (1), a casting positioning device (2), a control system (3), and a temperature measuring device (4). A traveling device (5) is installed on the casting trolley (1). The traveling device (5) is used to control the casting trolley (1) to travel on the rail (6), and the traveling device (5) is electrically connected to the control system (3); the casting positioning device (2) is electrically connected to the control system (3), and the casting positioning device (2) is used to determine the appropriate casting position after the anode steel claw is deformed; the temperature measuring device (4) monitors the specified position of the carbon bowl of the anode carbon block (7), and the temperature measuring device (4) is electrically connected to the control system (3); the casting positioning device (2) is a photoelectric switch or an image recognition device. The deformation direction of the steel claw is judged by the photoelectric switch or the image recognition device, and the appropriate casting position is automatically determined. The casting trolley (1) is controlled by the control system (3) to automatically move to the determined appropriate casting position; An encoder is installed on the traveling device (5), and the encoder is electrically connected to the control system (3); or a travel switch is installed on the rail (6), and the travel switch is electrically connected to the control system (3).

2. The fully automatic anode rod casting device according to claim 1, wherein: A fixed seat (8) is installed on the casting trolley (1), a casting support arm (9) is connected to the fixed seat (8), and the casting support arm (9) is connected to the side of the ladle (10).

3. A fully automatic casting method for anode guide rods using the fully automatic casting device for anode guide rods as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Before casting, automatically determine the appropriate casting position according to the position when the anode steel claw is deformed, and feedback it to the control system; (2) Control the casting trolley to automatically move to the determined appropriate casting position through the control system to prepare for casting; (3) After starting casting, use the temperature measuring device to continuously measure the liquid level temperature at the preset position of the carbon bowl of the anode carbon block. When the molten iron liquid level reaches the preset position and the temperature measuring device detects a change in the temperature at the preset position, this signal is fed back to the control system; (4) After receiving this signal, the control system controls the casting trolley to stop casting the carbon bowl and controls the casting trolley to automatically move to the casting position of another carbon bowl for casting; (5) Repeat the above procedure until all the casting positions of the carbon bowls on the anode carbon block are completed.

4. The fully automatic casting method of the anode guide rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (1) above, the deformation direction of the steel claw is judged by a photoelectric switch or an image recognition device, and the appropriate casting position is automatically determined.

5. The fully automatic casting method of the anode guide rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (2) above, the position of the casting trolley is detected and the traveling direction of the casting trolley is controlled by setting an encoder on the casting trolley or a travel switch on the rail of the casting trolley to ensure that the casting trolley automatically moves to the specified casting position.

6. The fully automatic casting method for an anode rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: The casting trolley runs fully automatically under the control of the control system.

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