Automated pressure-bearing operation device and its operation method

Abstract

This application generally relates to the technical field of oil equipment, and specifically discloses an automated pressure - maintained operation device and its operation method. The automated pressure - maintained operation device includes a pressure - maintained operation machine, a support platform, a pipe lifting mechanism, a pipe feeding mechanism, a first pipe straightening mechanism, a second pipe straightening mechanism, and a hydraulic tong. The pressure - maintained operation machine is fixed on the wellhead; the support platform is arranged on the pressure - maintained operation machine, and a transverse moving trolley is slidably arranged on the support platform; the pipe lifting mechanism includes a mast and a pipe lifting trolley; the pipe feeding mechanism is arranged on one side of the pressure - maintained operation machine and is used for conveying oil pipes to the pipe lifting trolley or receiving the oil pipes output by the pipe lifting trolley; the first pipe straightening mechanism is arranged on the support platform and is used for straightening the oil pipe between the pipe lifting mechanism and the pipe feeding mechanism; the second pipe straightening mechanism is arranged on the transverse moving trolley. The second pipe straightening mechanism includes a straightening cylinder, and a horn - shaped guiding port is arranged at the upper part of the straightening cylinder. This automated pressure - maintained operation device improves the reliability of continuous operation of automated pressure - maintained operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application generally relates to the technical field of oil equipment, and specifically discloses an automated pressure - operated work device and its working method. Background Art

[0002] Pressure - operated work is a process technology for forced well completion operations while maintaining high well pressure in the well. Currently, most operations in conventional pressure - operated construction work are all completed by personnel standing on the wellhead platform. During the construction operation, once a blowout and leakage of dangerous gases occur, it will seriously threaten the life safety of the operators. In order to reduce the labor intensity, during the current conventional pressure - operated work, attempts have been made to use mechanical devices to replace manual labor, but the reliability of the existing automated pressure - operated work devices during continuous operation is relatively poor. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide an automated pressure - operated work device and its working method to solve the technical problem of relatively poor reliability in continuous operation of the hydraulic end of the reciprocating pump in the prior art.

[0004] According to the first aspect of this application, an automated pressure - operated work device is provided, including:

[0005] A pressure - operated work machine, fixed on the wellhead;

[0006] A support platform, arranged on the pressure - operated work machine, and a transverse trolley is slidably arranged on the support platform;

[0007] A tubing lifting mechanism, including a mast and a tubing lifting trolley, the mast is arranged on the pressure - operated work machine, and the tubing lifting trolley is slidably arranged on the mast and is used to tow the end of the tubing;

[0008] A tubing feeding mechanism, arranged on one side of the pressure - operated work machine, and is used to convey the tubing to the tubing lifting trolley or receive the tubing output by the tubing lifting trolley;

[0009] A first tubing straightening mechanism, arranged on the support platform, and is used to straighten the tubing between the tubing lifting mechanism and the tubing feeding mechanism;

[0010] A second tubing straightening mechanism, arranged on the transverse trolley, the second tubing straightening mechanism includes a straightening cylinder, and a horn - shaped guiding opening is arranged at the upper part of the straightening cylinder; and

[0011] A hydraulic tong, arranged on the transverse trolley, and is used to rotate the tubing to complete the make - up or break - out of two tubing couplings.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present application, the pipe feeding mechanism includes a power pipe bridge and a catwalk machine disposed at one end of the power pipe bridge. The power pipe bridge is used to carry the oil pipe, and the catwalk machine is used to lift the oil pipe so that the oil pipe is transported between the power pipe bridge and the pipe lifting pulley.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present application, the catwalk machine includes:

[0014] A base, on which a chute is provided;

[0015] A bearing platform, one end of which is slidably disposed in the chute;

[0016] A lifting assembly for lifting the bearing platform so that the bearing platform forms a certain angle with the base;

[0017] A flipping assembly, including a flipping groove and a flipping oil cylinder. The flipping groove is hinged to the top of the bearing platform, and the output end of the flipping oil cylinder is connected to the flipping groove so that the flipping groove can flip towards both sides of the bearing platform;

[0018] A pushing assembly is disposed on the flipping groove, and the pushing assembly includes a pushing ramp that can slide along the length direction of the flipping groove and a pushing oil cylinder that drives the pushing ramp to slide;

[0019] A gripper assembly is disposed on one side of the base for grasping the oil pipe on the power pipe bridge to the pushing ramp; and

[0020] A guiding arm is disposed on one side of the base for guiding the oil pipe on the pushing ramp to the power pipe bridge.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first pipe straightening mechanism includes:

[0022] A base;

[0023] A flipping robotic arm rotatably disposed on the base;

[0024] A telescopic robotic arm disposed at the end of the flipping robotic arm far from the base; and

[0025] A pipe straightening guide wheel disposed at the output end of the telescopic robotic arm for straightening the oil pipe.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present application, the pressure - controlled operation machine includes:

[0027] A connecting frame;

[0028] Lifting oil cylinders disposed on the connecting frame;

[0029] Connecting plate, disposed at the top output end of the lifting cylinder;

[0030] Movable slip group, disposed on the connecting plate;

[0031] Fixed slip group, disposed on the connecting frame and located directly below the movable slip group; and

[0032] Upper coupling detection device, disposed on the movable slip group for detecting the coupling of the tubing.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present application, the pressure - operated workover machine further includes an upper ram preventer disposed at the bottom of the connecting frame and a lower ram preventer located below the upper ram preventer. A blow - out prevention valve, a balance valve and a lower coupling detection device are disposed between the upper ram preventer and the lower ram preventer.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present application, the automated pressure - operated workover device further includes an overflow and blow - out prevention mechanism disposed on the support platform. The overflow and blow - out prevention mechanism includes a telescopic assembly, a pressing - down assembly, a rotating assembly and a closing valve. The pressing - down assembly is disposed at the output end of the telescopic assembly. The rotating assembly is disposed at the bottom output end of the pressing - down assembly. The closing valve is disposed at the power output end of the rotating assembly for blocking the coupling of the tubing.

[0035] According to the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, an automated pressure - operated workover method is provided, which is applied to the above - mentioned automated pressure - operated workover device. The automated pressure - operated workover method includes a tubing lowering operation, and the tubing lowering operation includes: conveying the tubing to the pipe - lifting block through a pipe - feeding mechanism; the pipe - lifting block pulling the top of the tubing upward, supporting the bottom of the tubing through a first pipe - straightening mechanism so that the tubing is separated from the pipe - feeding mechanism; preliminarily straightening the tubing through the first pipe - straightening mechanism so that the bottom of the tubing can be inserted into the trumpet - shaped guiding opening of the second pipe - straightening mechanism; precisely straightening the tubing through the second pipe - straightening mechanism to complete the coupling of two tubings; screwing up the couplings of two tubings through a hydraulic tong; and lowering the tubing into the wellbore through a pressure - operated workover machine.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the belt pressure operation machine includes: a connecting frame, a lifting cylinder, a connecting plate, a movable cava group, a fixed cava group and an upper coupling detection device, and the automated belt pressure operation method also includes: driving the connecting plate to move upward by the lifting cylinder until the upper coupling detection device detects the upper end surface of the coupling of the oil pipe, and obtaining the first extension height of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder; the lifting cylinder drives the upper coupling detection device to move downward a preset distance, and closes the movable cava group, wherein the preset distance is the distance between the coupling height positioning point and the coupling signal identification point; the lifting cylinder drives the oil pipe downward and stops at the second extension height of the piston rod, wherein the second extension height is the reference stop height of the cylinder for lifting when the hydraulic clamp is unhooked, and at this time, the end of the oil pipe is just located at the hydraulic clamp.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the automated pressure-carrying operation method also includes an operation for pulling out an oil pipe, and the operation for pulling out an oil pipe includes: pulling out the oil pipe from the wellbore by the pressure-carrying operation machine; holding the oil pipe by the gripper of the pipe lifting pulley and moving upward along the oil pipe, stopping under the coupling of the oil pipe, the first straightening mechanism holding the lower end of the oil pipe, and using the hydraulic pliers to detach the couplings of the two oil pipes; pushing the bottom of the oil pipe by the first straightening mechanism, and at the same time, the pipe lifting pulley drives the oil pipe downward until the lower end of the oil pipe is delivered to the pipe delivery mechanism; the first straightening mechanism is reset, and the pipe lifting pulley continues to descend until the oil pipe is completely delivered to the pipe delivery mechanism.

[0038] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the advantages and positive effects of an automated pressure-carrying operation device and its operation method of the present application are: the oil pipe is erected and transported to the pipe lifting pulley through the pipe delivery mechanism, and the end of the oil pipe is pulled upward by the pipe lifting pulley. When the bottom of the oil pipe is about to leave the pipe delivery mechanism, the bottom of the oil pipe is straightened by the first straightening mechanism to prevent the oil pipe from swinging and colliding with the mast, and the oil pipe can be initially straightened. Because it is difficult to ensure the verticality of the mast, the bottom of the oil pipe is straightened by the first straightening mechanism so that when the pipe lifting pulley lowers the oil pipe, the bottom of the oil pipe can be accurately inserted into the trumpet guide port, and then enters the straightening cylinder to complete the buckling with the oil pipe coupling below, which can achieve accurate straightening and buckling of the oil pipe, and the buckling of the oil pipe coupling is completed by hydraulic pliers, and the buckled oil pipe is lowered into the wellbore by the pressure-carrying operation machine, thereby improving the reliability of continuous operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 The front view structural schematic diagram of an automated pressure - operated work device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0042] Figure 2 The side view structural schematic diagram of an automated pressure - operated work device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0043] Figure 3 The three - dimensional structural schematic diagram at the support platform provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0044] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of a pipe - feeding mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0045] Figure 5 The side view structural schematic diagram of a catwalk machine provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0046] Figure 6 The front view structural schematic diagram of a catwalk machine provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0047] Figure 7 The three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of a transverse trolley, a second pipe - straightening mechanism, a hydraulic tong, and a mud splash - proof box provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0048] Figure 8 The three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of a first pipe - straightening mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0049] Figure 9 The three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of a pressure - operated work machine provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0050] Figure 10 The process schematic diagram of positioning the collar height of the pressure - operated work machine provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0051] Figure 11 The three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of an overflow blowout prevention mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0052] Among them, the description of the reference numerals is as follows:

[0053] a, tubing; b, wellhead;

[0054] 1. Pressure-operated work machine; 11. Connecting frame; 12. Lifting cylinder; 13. Connecting plate; 14. Movable slip group; 15. Fixed slip group; 16. Upper coupling detection device; 171. Upper ram preventer; 172. Lower ram preventer; 173. Annular preventer; 181. Blowout preventer valve; 182. Balance valve; 19. Lower coupling detection device;

[0055] 2. Support platform; 21. Transverse moving pulley;

[0056] 3. Pipe lifting mechanism; 31. Mast; 32. Pipe lifting pulley;

[0057] 4. Pipe feeding mechanism; 41. Power pipe bridge; 411. Tilt cylinder; 42. Catwalk machine; 421. Base; 422. Chute; 423. Loading platform; 424. Lifting assembly; 4241. Lifting cylinder; 4242. Support arm; 425. Flipping assembly; 4251. Flipping groove; 4252. Flipping cylinder; 426. Pushing assembly; 4261. Pushing ramp; 4262. Pushing cylinder; 427. Gripping assembly; 428. Guide arm;

[0058] 5. First pipe straightening mechanism; 51. Base; 52. Flipping robotic arm; 53. Telescopic robotic arm; 54. Straightening guide wheel;

[0059] 6. Second pipe straightening mechanism; 61. Straightening cylinder; 62. Flared guide port;

[0060] 7. Hydraulic tongs;

[0061] 8. Mud splash guard;

[0062] 9. Overflow blowout prevention mechanism; 91. Telescopic assembly; 92. Pressing-down assembly; 93. Rotating assembly; 94. Switch valve. Detailed implementation manners

[0063] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0064] It should be noted that in the description, claims and the above-mentioned drawings of the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or specific order or sequence between these entities or operations. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, for example.

[0065] Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" and "have" and any variations thereof or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units need not be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these process, methods, products or devices. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the said element.

[0066] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above", "over", "on the upper surface", "above" etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature shown in the figures with other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures of the device. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will then be positioned "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientation of "above" and "below". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the corresponding explanations will be made for the spatial relative descriptions used here.

[0067] Refer to Figures 1 to 11The embodiment of the present application discloses an automated pressure-operating device, comprising: a pressure-operating machine 1, fixed on a wellhead b; a support platform 2, arranged on the pressure-operating machine 1, on which a traverse pulley 21 is slidably arranged; a pipe-lifting mechanism 3, comprising a mast 31 and a pipe-lifting pulley 32, the mast 31 being arranged on the pressure-operating machine 1, the pipe-lifting pulley 32 being slidably arranged on the mast 31, and being used to pull the end of the oil pipe a; a pipe-feeding mechanism 4, arranged on one side of the pressure-operating machine 1, and being used to deliver the pipe to the pipe-lifting pulley 32; 32 transports the oil pipe a or receives the oil pipe a output by the pipe lifting pulley 32; a first straightening mechanism 5 is arranged on the supporting platform 2, and is used to straighten the oil pipe a between the pipe lifting mechanism 3 and the pipe feeding mechanism 4; a second straightening mechanism 6 is arranged on the transverse pulley 21, and the second straightening mechanism 6 includes a straightening cylinder 61, and a trumpet guide port 62 is arranged on the upper part of the straightening cylinder 61; and a hydraulic pliers 7 is arranged on the transverse pulley 21, and is used to rotate the oil pipe a to complete the buckling or detachment of the two couplings of the oil pipe a.

[0068] In the present application, the oil pipe a is erected and conveyed to the pipe lifting pulley 32 by the pipe delivery mechanism 4, and the end of the oil pipe a is pulled upward by the pipe lifting pulley 32. When the bottom of the oil pipe a is about to leave the pipe delivery mechanism 4, the bottom of the oil pipe a is straightened by the first straightening mechanism 5 to prevent the oil pipe a from swinging and colliding with the mast 31, and the oil pipe a can be initially straightened. Because the mast 31 is difficult to ensure verticality, the bottom of the oil pipe a is straightened by the first straightening mechanism 5, so that when the pipe lifting pulley 32 lowers the oil pipe a, the bottom of the oil pipe a is accurately inserted into the trumpet guide port 62, and then enters the straightening cylinder 61 to complete the buckling with the oil pipe a coupling below, so that the oil pipe a can be accurately straightened and buckled, and the buckling of the oil pipe a coupling is completed by the hydraulic clamp 7, and the buckled oil pipe a is lowered into the wellbore by the belt pressure operation machine 1, so as to improve the reliability of continuous operation.

[0069] Specifically, when pulling out the oil pipe a, the oil pipe a is lifted out of the wellbore by the pressure working machine 1, the pipe lifting pulley 32 pulls the top coupling of the oil pipe a, the first straightening mechanism 5 straightens the bottom of the oil pipe a, and then the couplings of the two oil pipes a are detached by the hydraulic pliers 7. After the detachment is completed, the bottom of the oil pipe a is pushed outward by the first straightening mechanism 5, and at the same time, the pipe lifting pulley 32 lowers the oil pipe a, so that the bottom of the oil pipe a slides into the pipe delivery mechanism 4, and the pipe lifting pulley 32 continues to lower the oil pipe a until the oil pipe a is completely transferred to the pipe delivery mechanism 4, and the pipe delivery mechanism 4 completes the placement of the oil pipe a.

[0070] In an alternative embodiment, a mud splash guard 8 is further provided on the transverse trolley 21. After the make-up / break-out tong 7 releases the connection, the make-up / break-out tong 7 retracts, and the mud splash guard 8 reaches the center of the wellhead b. The mud splash guard 8 clamps the bottom of the tubing a. The tubing lifting trolley 32 drives the tubing a to move upward, so that the bottom of the tubing a is separated from the coupling. The liquid in the upper tubing a is all discharged into the mud splash guard 8 and discharged to the waste liquid recovery device along the pipeline of the mud splash guard 8. After the liquid is discharged, the mud splash guard 8 opens, and the transverse trolley 21 returns to the preparation station. For gas wells, when there is no liquid in the tubing a, the mud splash guard 8 may not be provided.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, the tubing feeding mechanism 4 includes a power pipe bridge 41 and a catwalk machine 42 provided at one end of the power pipe bridge 41. The power pipe bridge 41 is used to carry the tubing a, and the catwalk machine 42 is used to lift the tubing a so that the tubing a is conveyed between the power pipe bridge 41 and the tubing lifting trolley 32. Specifically, the tubing a is horizontally laid on the power pipe bridge 41. An inclined oil cylinder 411 is provided at the bottom of the power pipe bridge 41, which can control the inclination degree of the power pipe bridge 41 so that the tubing a rolls on the power pipe bridge 41. Specifically, when lowering the tubing a, the tubing a on the power pipe bridge 41 needs to roll to the side of the catwalk machine 42 to facilitate the catwalk machine 42 to grab it. When pulling out the tubing a, the catwalk machine 42 places the tubing a on the power pipe bridge 41, and the tubing a needs to roll to the end away from the catwalk machine 42 on the power pipe bridge 41.

[0072] In the related art, the tubing feeding mechanism 4 generally includes hoisting or horizontally lifting the tubing a and then rotating it by 90° to a vertical state. Hoisting requires special hoisting equipment, and the latter requires a large activity space.

[0073] In a specific embodiment, the catwalk machine 42 includes: a base 421, on which a slide groove 422 is arranged; a bearing platform 423, one end of which is slidably arranged in the slide groove 422; a lifting component 424, which is used to lift the bearing platform 423 so that the bearing platform 423 and the base 421 form a certain angle; a flipping component 425, including a flipping groove 4251 and a flipping cylinder 4252, wherein the flipping groove 4251 is hinged to the top of the bearing platform 423, and the output end of the flipping cylinder 4252 is connected to the flipping groove 4251 so that the flipping groove 4251 can be flipped toward both sides of the supporting platform 423; the pushing component 426 is arranged on the flip groove 4251, and the pushing component 426 includes a pushing ramp 4261 that can slide along the length direction of the flip groove 4251 and a pushing cylinder 4262 that drives the pushing ramp 4261 to slide; the gripper component 427 is arranged on one side of the base 421, and is used to grab the oil pipe a on the power pipe bridge 41 to the pushing ramp 4261; and the guide arm 428 is arranged on one side of the base 421, and is used to guide the oil pipe a on the pushing ramp 4261 to the power pipe bridge 41.

[0074] Specifically, the slide groove 422 is arranged along the length direction of the base 421, and the lifting assembly 424 includes a lifting cylinder 4241 and a support arm 4242. One end of the support arm 4242 is hinged to the base 421, and the other end is hinged to the bottom of the bearing platform 423. One end of the lifting cylinder 4241 is hinged to the base 421, and the other end is hinged to the support arm 4242. The support arm 4242 can be propped up by the lifting cylinder 4241, and the support arm 4242 props up the bearing platform 423 to a certain angle, thereby vertically raising the horizontal oil pipe a to a certain angle, and then the pushing ramp 4261 is pushed by the pushing cylinder 4262, so that the oil pipe a a is transported along the pushing ramp 4261 until the gripper of the pipe lifting pulley 32 can grab the end coupling of the oil pipe a, and then the pushing ramp 4261 continues to transport the oil pipe a, and at the same time the pipe lifting pulley 32 pulls the end of the oil pipe a upward. When the bottom of the oil pipe a leaves the pushing ramp 4261, the oil pipe a will swing, and there is a situation where the oil pipe a collides with the mast 31 or the oil pipe a falls off. At this time, the bottom of the oil pipe a is straightened by the first straightening mechanism 5, and the top of the oil pipe a is fixed with the help of the pipe lifting pulley 32, so as to stabilize the oil pipe a and prevent the oil pipe a from swinging, colliding or falling off during the transition.

[0075] The gripper assembly 427 is controlled by an oil cylinder, enabling the gripper assembly 427 to hook the oil pipe a on the power pipe bridge 41, and then move the oil pipe a on the power pipe bridge 41 to the pushing ramp 4261. When moving the oil pipe a to the pushing ramp 4261, the tilting oil cylinder 4252 drives the tilting groove 4251 to tilt, so that the oil pipe a can enter the pushing ramp 4261. When the oil pipe a in the pushing ramp 4261 is transported to the power pipe bridge 41, it is lapped on the power pipe bridge 41 through the guiding arm 428, and then the tilting groove 4251 drives the pushing ramp 4261 to tilt, so that the oil pipe a in the pushing ramp 4261 rolls out and rolls onto the power pipe bridge 41 through the guiding arm 428.

[0076] In a specific embodiment, the first pipe straightening mechanism 5 includes: a base 51; a tilting robotic arm 52 rotatably arranged on the base 51; a telescopic robotic arm 53 arranged at one end of the tilting robotic arm 52 away from the base 51; and a pipe straightening guide wheel 54 arranged at the output end of the telescopic robotic arm 53 for straightening the oil pipe a.

[0077] In this application, the front - rear position of the pipe straightening guide wheel 54 can be adjusted by the tilting robotic arm 52, and the left - right position of the pipe straightening guide wheel 54 can be adjusted by the telescopic robotic arm 53, so that the oil pipe a can be clamped between the pipe straightening guide wheels 54. Specifically, two pipe straightening guide wheels 54 are provided, and the oil pipe a is between the two pipe straightening guide wheels 54, realizing the limitation of the oil pipe a and not affecting the up - down movement of the oil pipe a.

[0078] The first pipe straightening mechanical device is independent of the pipe lifting mechanism 3 and the pipe feeding mechanism 4, and is independently installed on the support platform 2. The base 421 is stable, there are few moving parts, the cumulative error during the movement process is small, and the pipe straightening accuracy is high. The power hydraulic cylinder of the tilting robotic arm 52 and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder of the telescopic robotic arm 53 of the first pipe straightening device are integrated with a hydraulic cylinder displacement sensor. Through real - time displacement feedback of the displacement sensor, the displacement of each power hydraulic cylinder is precisely controlled, improving the fixed - point pipe straightening accuracy of the pipe straightening guide wheel 54.

[0079] In an alternative embodiment, the two pipe straightening guide wheels 54 can rotate to adjust the angles of the two pipe straightening guide wheels 54. Before the oil pipe a enters between the two pipe straightening guide wheels 54, the horizontal gap between the two pipe straightening guide wheels 54 can be increased as much as possible to facilitate the entry of the oil pipe a, and then the pipe straightening guide wheels 54 rotate so that the oil pipe a abuts against both of the two pipe straightening guide wheels 54, which can effectively limit and straighten the oil pipe a.

[0080] In a specific embodiment, the workover rig 1 includes: a connection frame 11, a lifting oil cylinder 12, a connecting plate 13, a traveling slip group 14, a fixed slip group 15, and an upper coupling detection device 16, where:

[0081] The lifting oil cylinder 12 is arranged on the connecting frame 11.

[0082] The connecting plate 13 is arranged at the top output end of the lifting oil cylinder 12.

[0083] The floating slip group 14 is arranged on the connecting plate 13.

[0084] The fixed slip group 15 is arranged on the connecting frame 11 and is located directly below the floating slip group 14.

[0085] The upper coupling detection device 16 is arranged on the floating slip group 14 and is used to detect the coupling of the tubing string a.

[0086] In the present application, the hydraulic tong 7 is arranged on the transverse sliding block 21, and the height of the hydraulic tong 7 is fixed, that is, the hydraulic tong 7 can slide horizontally at a fixed height. When it is necessary to make up or break the coupling of the tubing string a, the hydraulic tong 7 needs to move to the position of the couplings of the two tubing strings a for operation. Specifically, the hydraulic tong 7 includes a back tong and a main tong. The back tong fixes the lower tubing string a, and the main tong rotates the upper tubing string a, so as to realize making up or breaking the coupling of the two couplings of the tubing string a.

[0087] In the related art, due to factors such as the valve control delay effect and the inertial force of the lifting oil cylinder 12, there is generally a time delay of 1 - 2S from the coupling detection system identifying the coupling signal to controlling the lifting machine and the tubing string a to stop moving, which will be aggravated in winter; under normal conditions, the running speed of the lifting machine is between 0.2 - 0.8 m / s. This results in that from detecting the coupling to the coupling of the tubing string a stopping moving, the maximum error of the coupling height positioning can reach more than 1000 mm, far exceeding the allowable coupling height positioning error of 50 - 60 mm for the tong to make up or break the coupling. The huge positioning error cannot meet the requirements of the tong to make up or break the coupling, and also causes the complete set of equipment to be unable to continue running.

[0088] In the present application, the lifting oil cylinder 12 drives the connecting plate 13 and the upper coupling detection device 16 to move upward until the upper coupling detection device 16 detects the upper end face of the coupling of the tubing string a. When the upper coupling detection device 16 sends out the coupling signal, the controller immediately collects the height of the piston rod extended feedback by the displacement sensor of the lifting oil cylinder 12; during the downward movement of the lifting oil cylinder 12, the lifting oil cylinder 12 moves downward by a preset height, where the preset height is the distance between the coupling height positioning point and the coupling signal recognition point, and this distance is a fixed height determined by the product structure characteristics to meet the requirements of the hydraulic tong 7 to make up or break the coupling. And the floating slip group 14 is closed, the lifting oil cylinder 12 drives the tubing string a to move downward and stops at the position where the piston rod extends by the preset height. The preset height is the reference stop height of the lifting machine when the hydraulic tong 7 makes up or breaks the coupling, and this distance is also a fixed height determined by the product structure characteristics to meet the requirements of the hydraulic tong 7 to make up or break the coupling, so as to realize the precise control of the coupling height.

[0089] Specifically, the workover rig 1 drives the tubing a to move upward or downward through the alternating operation of the slip group and the fixed slip group 15. When lowering the tubing a, the slip group 14 is opened, and the lifting cylinder 12 drives the slip group 14 to move upward; after the lifting cylinder reaches the top, the slip group 14 is closed, and the fixed slip group 15 is opened; the lifting cylinder 12 drives the slip group 14 and the pipe string to move downward. After the slip group 14 and the pipe string move to the bottom, the fixed slip group 15 is closed, the slip group 14 is opened again, and the lifting cylinder 12 moves upward again. In this way, through the way of reversing between the slip group 14 and the fixed slip group 15, the tubing a is continuously lowered into the wellbore. When pulling out the tubing a, the tubing a is fixed by the fixed slip group 15. After the slip group moves to the bottom, it fixes the tubing a. The fixed slip group 15 releases the tubing a. The slip group drives the tubing a to move upward to the top, then the fixed slip group 15 fixes the tubing a, and the slip group releases the tubing a and moves downward to the bottom again. The fixed slip group 15 in this application includes a load-bearing fixed slip and a downward pressure fixed slip, and the slip group includes a load-bearing slip and a downward pressure slip, which are respectively used when the well pressure is greater than the weight of the tubing a and when the well pressure is less than the weight of the tubing a.

[0090] In a specific embodiment, the workover rig 1 further includes an upper ram preventer 171 disposed at the bottom of the connection frame 11 and a lower ram preventer 172 located below the upper ram preventer 171. A blowout prevention valve 181, a balance valve 182, and a lower collar detection device 19 are disposed between the upper ram preventer 171 and the lower ram preventer 172.

[0091] In this application, during the workover operation, due to the well pressure between the tubing a and the wellbore, when lowering or pulling out the tubing a, the upper ram preventer 171 and the lower ram preventer 172 play a role in blowout prevention. The specific operation is as follows: The position of the collar is detected by the lower collar detection device 19. When the collar of the tubing a moves between the upper ram preventer 171 and the lower ram preventer 172, the operation of the lifting cylinder 12 is stopped, the upper ram preventer 171 is closed, the balance valve 182 is opened, and high-pressure fluid enters the annular area between the upper ram preventer 171 and the lower ram preventer 172 from the balance valve 182. When the pressure in the upper area and the lower area of the lower ram preventer 172 is basically balanced, the lower ram preventer 172 is opened, and the collar moves downward; after the collar of the tubing a passes through the lower ram preventer 172, the lower ram preventer 172 is closed to seal the high-pressure fluid in the lower annular area, the blowout prevention valve is opened, the high-pressure fluid in the annular area between the upper ram preventer 171 and the lower ram preventer 172 is discharged, and the upper ram preventer 171 is opened. In this way, the upper ram preventer 171 and the lower ram preventer 172 are alternately opened / closed, and the tubing a is continuously lowered into the wellbore. The same principle applies when pulling out the tubing a.

[0092] In an optional embodiment, the pressure-carrying machine 1 in the present application further includes an annular blowout preventer 173, the interior of which has a sealing valve core that holds the oil pipe a. When the well pressure is low, the annular blowout preventer 173 can replace the upper gate blowout preventer 171 and the lower gate blowout preventer 172 to allow the oil pipe a to directly pass through the rubber core of the annular blowout preventer 173 with sufficient rubber and sufficient elasticity, thereby improving the operating efficiency.

[0093] In a specific embodiment, the automated pressure-bearing operation device also includes an overflow spraying mechanism 9 arranged on the support platform 2, and the overflow spraying mechanism 9 includes a telescopic component 91, a downward pressure component 92, a rotating component 93 and a closing valve 94. The downward pressure component 92 is arranged at the output end of the telescopic component 91, the rotating component 93 is arranged at the bottom output end of the downward pressure component 92, and the closing valve 94 is arranged at the power output end of the rotating component 93, which is used to seal the coupling of the oil pipe a.

[0094] In the present application, when safety hazards such as overflow occur inside the oil pipe a, the overflow emergency spray device can push the valve to the center of the wellhead b and insert the valve into the coupling, and close the valve 94 after the buckle is completed, thereby improving the rescue efficiency and reducing the risk of personnel rescue.

[0095] The automated pressure-carrying device, through the pipe delivery mechanism 4, erects the oil pipe a and delivers it to the pipe lifting pulley 32, and the pipe lifting pulley 32 pulls the end of the oil pipe a upward. When the bottom of the oil pipe a is about to leave the pipe delivery mechanism 4, the bottom of the oil pipe a is straightened by the first straightening mechanism 5 to prevent the oil pipe a from swinging and colliding with the mast 31, and the oil pipe a can be initially straightened. Because the mast 31 is difficult to ensure verticality, the bottom of the oil pipe a is straightened by the first straightening mechanism 5, so that when the pipe lifting pulley 32 lowers the oil pipe a, the bottom of the oil pipe a is accurately inserted into the trumpet guide port 62, and then enters the straightening cylinder 61 to be buckled with the coupling of the oil pipe a below, so that the accurate straightening and buckling of the oil pipe a can be achieved, the coupling of the oil pipe a is buckled by the hydraulic clamp 7, and the buckled oil pipe a is lowered into the wellbore by the pressure-carrying machine 1, thereby improving the reliability of continuous operation.

[0096] The embodiment of the present application provides an automated pressure-carrying operation method, which is applied to the automated pressure-carrying operation device described above. The automated pressure-carrying operation method includes running into a tubing a operation, and the running into a tubing a operation includes:

[0097] S11, the oil pipe a is delivered to the pipe lifting pulley 32 through the pipe delivery mechanism 4;

[0098] S12. The pipe lifting pulley 32 pulls the top of the tubing string a upward, and the bottom of the tubing string a is supported by the first centralizing mechanism 5 so that the tubing string a is separated from the pipe feeding mechanism 4;

[0099] S13. The first centralizing mechanism 5 preliminarily centralizes the tubing string a so that the bottom of the tubing string a can be inserted into the horn-shaped guiding port 62 of the second centralizing mechanism 6;

[0100] S14. The second centralizing mechanism 6 accurately centralizes the tubing string a to complete the butt joint of the two tubing strings a;

[0101] S15. The hydraulic tong 7 is used to make up the connection of the collars of the two tubing strings a;

[0102] S16. The tubing string a is lowered into the wellbore by the pressure control workover unit 1.

[0103] As Figure 10 shown, in a specific embodiment, the pressure control workover unit 1 includes: a connection frame 11, a lifting cylinder 12, a connecting plate 13, a traveling slip group 14, a fixed slip group 15 and an upper collar detection device 16. The automatic pressure control workover method further includes:

[0104] S17. The lifting cylinder 12 drives the connecting plate 13 to move upward until the upper collar detection device 16 detects the upper end face of the collar of the tubing string a, and the first extended height P of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 12 is obtained;

[0105] S18. The lifting cylinder 12 drives the upper collar detection device 16 to move downward by a preset distance M, and the traveling slip group 14 is closed, where the preset distance M is the distance between the collar height positioning point and the collar signal recognition point;

[0106] S19. The lifting cylinder 12 drives the tubing string a to descend and stops at the second extended height N of the piston rod, where the second extended height N is the reference stop height of the lifting cylinder when the hydraulic tong 7 makes and breaks the connection, and at this time, the end of the tubing string a is just located at the hydraulic tong 7.

[0107] Embodiment 1:

[0108] A specific operation of lowering the tubing string a in this application includes:

[0109] S11. The pipe feeding mechanism 4 transports the tubing string a to the pipe lifting pulley 32;

[0110] S12. The pipe lifting pulley 32 pulls the top of the tubing string a upward, and the bottom of the tubing string a is supported by the first centralizing mechanism 5 so that the tubing string a is separated from the pipe feeding mechanism 4;

[0111] S13. Initially straighten the tubing a through the first straightening mechanism 5 so that the bottom of the tubing a can be inserted into the flared guide port 62 of the second straightening mechanism 6;

[0112] S14. Precisely straighten the tubing a through the second straightening mechanism 6 to complete the coupling of the two tubings a;

[0113] S17. Drive the connecting plate 13 to move upward through the lifting cylinder 12 until the upper end face of the coupling of the tubing a is detected by the upper coupling detection device 16, and obtain the first extended height of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 12;

[0114] S18. The lifting cylinder 12 drives the upper coupling detection device 16 to move downward by a preset distance, and close the traveling slips group 14, where the preset distance is the distance between the coupling height positioning point and the coupling signal recognition point;

[0115] S19. The lifting cylinder 12 drives the tubing a to descend and stop at the second extended height of the piston rod, where the second extended height is the reference stop height of the lifting cylinder when the make-up and break-out of the hydraulic tongs 7 are carried out, and at this time the end of the tubing a is just located at the hydraulic tongs 7;

[0116] S15. Complete the make-up of the couplings of the two tubings a through the hydraulic tongs 7;

[0117] S16. Lower the tubing a into the wellbore through the pressure control workover unit 1.

[0118] In a specific embodiment, the automated pressure control workover method further includes the operation of pulling out the tubing a, and the operation of pulling out the tubing a includes:

[0119] S21. Pull out the tubing a from the wellbore through the pressure control workover unit 1;

[0120] S22. The gripper of the tubing lifting block 32 holds the tubing a and moves upward along the tubing a, stops below the coupling of the tubing a, the first straightening mechanism 5 supports the lower end of the tubing a, and the hydraulic tongs 7 are used to break the coupling of the two tubings a;

[0121] S23. Push the bottom of the tubing a through the first straightening mechanism 5, and at the same time the tubing lifting block 32 drives the tubing a to descend until the lower end of the tubing a is delivered to the tubing feeding mechanism 4;

[0122] S24. The first straightening mechanism 5 resets, and the tubing lifting block 32 continues to descend until the tubing a is completely delivered onto the tubing feeding mechanism 4.

[0123] Example 2

[0124] An embodiment of the present application provides a specific operation of pulling out tubing a, including:

[0125] S21. Pull out the tubing a from the wellbore by the pressure - operated work machine 1;

[0126] S22. Hold the tubing a with the gripper of the tubing hoisting pulley 32 and move upward along the tubing a, and stop below the coupling of the tubing a. The first tubing straightening mechanism 5 supports the lower end of the tubing a, and uncouple the couplings of the two tubing a by the hydraulic tongs 7;

[0127] S25. The transverse movement pulley 21 drives the hydraulic tongs 7 to push out, the mud splash - proof box 8 reaches the center of wellhead b, the mud splash - proof box 8 holds the tubing a, the tubing hoisting pulley 32 moves upward so that the bottom coupling of the tubing a is disengaged, and all the liquid in the upper tubing a is discharged into the mud splash - proof box 8 and drained;

[0128] S23. Open the mud splash - proof box 8, push the bottom of the tubing a by the first tubing straightening mechanism 5, and at the same time, the tubing hoisting pulley 32 drives the tubing a to move downward until the lower end of the tubing a is delivered to the tubing feeding mechanism 4;

[0129] S24. The first tubing straightening mechanism 5 resets, and the tubing hoisting pulley 32 continues to move downward until the tubing a is completely delivered onto the tubing feeding mechanism 4.

[0130] The above - mentioned are only specific embodiments of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications and changes to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. An automated pressure operation device, characterized in that, Comprising: A pressure - operated work machine (1), fixed on the wellhead; A support platform (2), arranged on the pressure - operated work machine (1), on which a transverse moving trolley (21) is slidably arranged; A pipe lifting mechanism (3), including a mast (31) and a pipe lifting trolley (32), the mast (31) is arranged on the pressure - operated work machine (1), and the pipe lifting trolley (32) is slidably arranged on the mast (31) for pulling the end of the oil pipe; A pipe feeding mechanism (4), arranged on one side of the pressure - operated work machine (1), for feeding the oil pipe to the pipe lifting trolley (32) or receiving the oil pipe output by the pipe lifting trolley (32); A first pipe straightening mechanism (5), arranged on the support platform (2), for straightening the oil pipe between the pipe lifting mechanism (3) and the pipe feeding mechanism (4); A second pipe straightening mechanism (6), arranged on the transverse moving trolley (21), the second pipe straightening mechanism (6) includes a straightening cylinder (61), and a trumpet - shaped guiding port (62) is arranged at the upper part of the straightening cylinder (61); and A hydraulic tong (7), arranged on the transverse moving trolley (21), for rotating the oil pipe to complete the make - up or break - out of two pipe couplings of the oil pipe; The pipe feeding mechanism (4) includes a power pipe bridge (41) and a catwalk machine (42) arranged at one end of the power pipe bridge (41), the power pipe bridge (41) is used for carrying the oil pipe, and the catwalk machine (42) is used for lifting the oil pipe so that the oil pipe is conveyed between the power pipe bridge (41) and the pipe lifting trolley (32); The catwalk machine (42) includes: A base (421), on which a chute (422) is arranged; A carrying platform (423), one end of which is slidably arranged in the chute (422); A lifting assembly (424), for lifting the carrying platform (423) so that the carrying platform (423) forms a certain angle with the base (421); A flipping assembly (425), including a flipping groove (4251) and a flipping oil cylinder (4252), the flipping groove (4251) is hinged to the top of the carrying platform (423), and the output end of the flipping oil cylinder (4252) is connected to the flipping groove (4251) so that the flipping groove (4251) can flip towards both sides of the carrying platform (423); A pushing assembly (426), arranged on the flipping groove (4251), and the pushing assembly (426) includes a pushing ramp (4261) that can slide along the length direction of the flipping groove (4251) and a pushing oil cylinder (4262) for driving the pushing ramp (4261) to slide; A gripping assembly (427), arranged on one side of the base (421), for gripping the oil pipe on the power pipe bridge (41) to the pushing ramp (4261); and A guiding arm (428), arranged on one side of the base (421), for guiding the oil pipe on the pushing ramp (4261) to the power pipe bridge (41); The first pipe straightening mechanism (5) includes: Base (51); A tilting robotic arm (52) rotatably arranged on the base (51); A telescopic robotic arm (53) arranged at one end of the tilting robotic arm (52) away from the base (51); and A straightening guide wheel (54) arranged at the output end of the telescopic robotic arm (53) for straightening the tubing.

2. The automated pressure-operated device according to claim 1, wherein The pressure - operated workover rig (1) includes: A connecting frame (11); A lifting cylinder (12) arranged on the connecting frame (11); A connecting plate (13) arranged at the top output end of the lifting cylinder (12); A traveling slip group (14) arranged on the connecting plate (13); A fixed slip group (15) arranged on the connecting frame (11) and located directly below the traveling slip group (14); and An upper coupling detection device (16) arranged on the traveling slip group (14) for detecting the coupling of the tubing.

3. The automated pressure operation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure - operated workover rig (1) further includes an upper ram preventer (171) arranged at the bottom of the connecting frame (11) and a lower ram preventer (172) located below the upper ram preventer (171). A blow - down valve (181), a balance valve (182) and a lower coupling detection device (19) are arranged between the upper ram preventer (171) and the lower ram preventer (172).

4. The automated pressure-operated device according to claim 3, characterized in that The automated pressure - operated workover device further includes an overflow and blow - out rescue mechanism (9) arranged on the support platform (2). The overflow and blow - out rescue mechanism (9) includes a telescopic assembly (91), a pressing - down assembly (92), a rotating assembly (93) and a closing valve (94). The pressing - down assembly (92) is arranged at the output end of the telescopic assembly (91). The rotating assembly (93) is arranged at the bottom output end of the pressing - down assembly (92). The closing valve (94) is arranged at the power output end of the rotating assembly (93) for plugging the coupling of the tubing.

5. An automated pressure operation method, applied to the automated pressure operation device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The automated pressure - operated workover method includes a tubing running operation, and the tubing running operation includes: Conveying the tubing to the tubing hoist (32) through the tubing feeding mechanism (4); The tubing hoist (32) pulling the top of the tubing upward and supporting the bottom of the tubing through the first straightening mechanism (5) so that the tubing is separated from the tubing feeding mechanism (4); Preliminarily straightening the tubing through the first straightening mechanism (5) so that the bottom of the tubing can be inserted into the trumpet - shaped guide port (62) of the second straightening mechanism (6); Precisely straightening the tubing through the second straightening mechanism (6) to complete the coupling of two tubings; Completing the threading of two tubing couplings through the hydraulic tongs (7); Running the tubing into the wellbore through the pressure - operated workover rig (1).

6. The automated pressure operation method according to claim 5, wherein, The pressure - operated workover rig (1) includes: a connecting frame (11), a lifting cylinder (12), a connecting plate (13), a traveling slip group (14), a fixed slip group (15) and an upper coupling detection device (16). The automated pressure - operated workover method further includes: Drive the connecting plate (13) to move upward through the lifting cylinder (12) until the upper end face of the coupling of the tubing is detected by the upper coupling detection device (16), and obtain the first extended height of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (12); Drive the upper coupling detection device (16) to move downward by a preset distance through the lifting cylinder (12), and close the traveling slips group (14), where the preset distance is the distance between the coupling height positioning point and the coupling signal recognition point; Drive the tubing to descend through the lifting cylinder (12) and stop at the second extended height of the piston rod, where the second extended height is the reference stop height for lifting the cylinder during make-up and break-out operations of the tongs (7), and at this time the end of the tubing is just located at the tongs (7).

7. The automated pressure operation method according to claim 5, characterized in that The automated pressure - bearing operation method further includes an operation of pulling out the tubing, and the operation of pulling out the tubing includes: Pull out the tubing from the wellbore through the pressure - bearing operation machine (1); Hold the tubing with the gripper of the tubing hoist (32) and move upward along the tubing, stop below the coupling of the tubing, the first pipe - straightening mechanism (5) supports the lower end of the tubing, and break - out the couplings of the two tubings through the tongs (7); Push the bottom of the tubing through the first pipe - straightening mechanism (5), and at the same time drive the tubing to descend through the tubing hoist (32) until the lower end of the tubing is delivered to the pipe - feeding mechanism (4); The first pipe - straightening mechanism (5) resets, and the tubing hoist (32) continues to descend until the tubing is completely delivered onto the pipe - feeding mechanism (4).

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