A hydraulic universal testing machine

Abstract

This application relates to a hydraulic universal testing machine, belonging to the technical field of testing equipment. It includes an operating table with two crossbeams. Each of the two crossbeams has a clamping block on its opposite side. Multiple clamping blocks are arranged in a circle, with an inclined surface on the outer wall of each clamping block from the outside in. A reinforcing device is provided between the clamping block and the crossbeam. A clamping ring is circumferentially arranged around the periphery of each clamping block, sliding along the length of the inclined surface. A moving rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the clamping ring away from the clamping block. A first cavity is formed on the surface of each crossbeam facing the moving rod. A lead screw is slidably connected within the first cavity. The end of the lead screw away from the first cavity is fixedly connected to the moving rod. A threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the circumferential side wall of the lead screw, rotating between the threaded sleeve and the side wall of the crossbeam. This application facilitates experiments for operators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of testing equipment, and in particular to a hydraulic universal testing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Universal testing machines are material testing machines that integrate tensile, bending, compression, shear, and ring stiffness testing functions. They are mainly used for mechanical property testing of metallic and non-metallic materials and are ideal testing equipment for industrial and mining enterprises, scientific research units, colleges and universities, engineering quality supervision stations and other departments. Universal testing machines are mechanical testing machines that can perform various tests such as tensile, compression, bending and torsion. The most common types are lever pendulum type and hydraulic pendulum type.

[0003] Most existing universal testing machines consist of a base, two crossbeams, and a drive system. The drive system moves the two crossbeams, causing the test piece to be stretched or compressed. Then, sensors acquire the basic mechanical properties of the test piece.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that before conducting experiments on different test pieces, it is necessary to change the corresponding fixtures according to the size of the test pieces, which has the drawback of making it inconvenient for staff to conduct experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To facilitate experiments conducted by staff, this application provides a hydraulic universal testing machine.

[0006] The hydraulic universal testing machine provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A hydraulic universal testing machine includes an operating table with two crossbeams. Each of the two crossbeams has a clamping block on one side opposite to the other. Multiple clamping blocks are arranged in a circle around each other. The outer wall of each clamping block has an inclined surface extending from the outside inwards. A reinforcing device is provided between the clamping block and the crossbeam. Clamping rings are arranged circumferentially around the multiple clamping blocks. These clamping rings slide along the length of the inclined surface. A moving rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the clamping ring away from the clamping block. A first cavity is formed on the surface of each of the two crossbeams facing the moving rod. A lead screw is slidably connected within the first cavity. The end of the lead screw away from the first cavity is fixedly connected to the moving rod. A threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the circumferential side wall of the lead screw. The threaded sleeve is rotatably connected to the side wall of the crossbeam facing the crossbeam.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the operator rotates the threaded sleeve to move the lead screw, which in turn moves the moving rod. The moving rod then causes the clamping ring to slide along the inclined surface, and the clamping ring causes multiple clamping blocks to retract inward, thereby clamping the workpiece to be tested. This allows the fixture to be adapted to workpieces of various shapes and sizes, eliminating the need to select different fixtures based on the different workpieces, thus achieving the effect of facilitating the operator's testing.

[0009] Optionally, a fixing block is fixed to the inner wall of the crossbeam in the first cavity, and a sliding groove is provided along the length of the lead screw to be adapted to slide with the fixing block.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the movement of the lead screw causes the fixed block to slide along the slide groove, thereby making it difficult for the lead screw to rotate with the threaded sleeve, thus achieving the effect of limiting the lead screw.

[0011] Optionally, the reinforcement device includes a reinforcement rod, which is disposed between the clamping block and the crossbeam. One end of the reinforcement rod away from the clamping block is slidably connected to the crossbeam in the horizontal direction, and the other end of the reinforcement rod is fixedly connected to the clamping block.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the movement of the clamping block causes the reinforcing rod to move, and the reinforcing rod slides along the crossbeam, thereby improving the stability of the clamping block.

[0013] Optionally, the reinforcing rods are arranged in a direction parallel to the inclined surface, and a reinforcing ring is circumferentially sleeved on the periphery of the multiple reinforcing rods. The reinforcing rings are slidably connected to the reinforcing rods along the length direction of the reinforcing rods, and a linkage rod is fixed between the reinforcing rings and the clamping rings.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the movement of the clamping ring causes the linkage rod to move, the linkage rod causes the reinforcing ring to move, and the reinforcing ring slides along the reinforcing rod, thereby improving the stability of the reinforcing rod during movement.

[0015] Optionally, the crossbeam has a second cavity formed inward on one side of the first cavity. A rotating motor is installed in the second cavity. The output shaft of the rotating motor passes through the second cavity and extends to the outside. A worm gear is sleeved on the end of the rotating motor output shaft away from the second cavity. A worm wheel is meshed on one side of the worm gear. A rotating roller is fixed inside the worm wheel. The top of the rotating roller is rotatably connected to the crossbeam. A first gear is fixed on the circumferential sidewall of the rotating roller. A second gear is fixed on the circumferential sidewall of the threaded sleeve. The second gear and the first gear are meshed together.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotating motor starts to rotate the worm, the worm rotates to rotate the worm wheel, the worm wheel rotates to rotate the roller, the roller rotates to rotate the first gear, the first gear rotates to rotate the second gear, and the second gear rotates to rotate the threaded sleeve, thereby achieving the effect of convenient rotation of the threaded sleeve.

[0017] Optionally, a turntable is fixedly mounted on the circumferential sidewall of the output shaft of the rotary motor, and a ratchet is fixedly mounted on the circumferential sidewall of the turntable. A pawl adapted to engage with the ratchet is provided on one side of the ratchet. A support rod is provided between the pawl and the crossbeam. One end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the crossbeam, and the other end of the support rod is rotatably connected to the pawl.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, after the clamping block clamps the workpiece to be tested, the operator rotates the pawl to make the pawl engage with the ratchet, thereby keeping the output shaft of the rotating motor stable and achieving the effect of protecting the rotating motor.

[0019] Optionally, a third cavity is provided inward on the surface of the crossbeam facing the pawl, and a limit rod is slidably connected in the third cavity. A through hole is provided through the side wall of the pawl facing the crossbeam for the limit rod to pass through, and a nut is threaded to one end of the limit rod that passes through the through hole.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the pawl and ratchet are engaged, pulling the limiting rod causes the limiting rod to pass through the through hole, thereby fixing the pawl with the limiting rod and achieving the effect of keeping the pawl stable.

[0021] Optionally, a reset plate is sleeved on the circumferential sidewall of the limiting rod in the third cavity. The sidewall of the reset plate is fixedly connected to the crossbeam and the inner wall of the third cavity. A reset spring is fixed between the reset plate and the crossbeam on the inner bottom wall of the third cavity. The reset spring is sleeved on the circumferential sidewall of the limiting rod.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, pulling the limit rod stretches the return spring. When the nut is unscrewed, the return spring restores its deformation, causing the limit rod to disengage from the through hole, thereby achieving the effect of automatic reset of the limit rod.

[0023] Optionally, a suction machine is installed at the bottom of the side wall on one side of the operating table.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, if there are debris at the clamping block, it may cause the clamping block to move during the clamping process of the test piece. If the test piece moves, it will lead to inaccurate test data. After the performance test of the test piece is completed, the staff uses a suction machine to completely remove the debris at the clamping block, achieving a stable clamping effect between the clamping block and the test piece.

[0025] Optionally, the sidewall of the clamping block facing away from the inclined surface is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the friction between the clamping block and the workpiece under test is increased, further achieving the effect that the clamping block and the workpiece under test are not easily moved.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] 1. The operator rotates the threaded sleeve to make the lead screw move the moving rod. The moving rod moves multiple clamping blocks inward through the clamping ring, thereby clamping the test piece. This allows the fixture to be adapted to test pieces of various shapes and sizes, making it convenient for the operator to conduct the test.

[0029] 2. The rotating motor starts and drives the worm gear to rotate the worm wheel. The worm wheel drives the first gear to rotate through the rotating roller. The first gear drives the threaded sleeve to rotate through the second gear, thus achieving the effect of convenient rotation of the threaded sleeve.

[0030] 3. After the clamping block clamps the workpiece to be tested, the engagement between the pawl and the ratchet keeps the output shaft of the rotating motor stable, thus achieving the effect of protecting the rotating motor. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydraulic universal testing machine according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram illustrating the structure at the beam in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a partial sectional view of an embodiment of this application, illustrating the connection method between the limiting rod and the crossbeam;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application, illustrating the internal structure of the first cavity;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of this application, illustrating the connection method between the reinforcing ring and the reinforcing rod, and the connection method between the clamping ring and the clamping block.

[0036] In the diagram, 1. Operating platform; 11. Crossbeam; 111. First cavity; 1111. Fixing block; 112. Second cavity; 113. Third cavity; 1131. Reset plate; 1132. Reset spring; 12. First guide groove; 13. Third guide block; 2. Clamping block; 21. Inclined surface; 22. Clamping ring; 221. Moving rod; 222. Second guide block; 223. Linkage rod; 23. Anti-slip texture; 24. Second guide groove; 3. Reinforcing device; 31. Reinforcing rod; 31 1. Reinforcing ring; 3111. Fourth guide block; 312. Reinforcing block; 3121. Third guide groove; 313. Fourth guide groove; 4. Lead screw; 41. Threaded sleeve; 411. Second gear; 412. First guide block; 42. Slide groove; 5. Rotating motor; 51. Worm gear; 52. Ratchet; 6. Rotating roller; 61. Worm gear; 62. First gear; 7. Support rod; 71. Pawl; 711. Through hole; 8. Limiting rod; 81. Nut; 9. Suction machine; 91. Long flexible hose. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0038] This application discloses a hydraulic universal testing machine.

[0039] refer to Figure 1 A hydraulic universal testing machine includes an operating table 1, which includes two crossbeams 11 arranged from top to bottom along the same vertical line. Both crossbeams 11 are slidably connected to the operating table 1, and clamping blocks 2 are provided on opposite sides of the two crossbeams 11. A suction machine 9 is installed on the side wall of one side of the bottom of the operating table 1, and the suction machine 9 has a long hose 91.

[0040] The staff places the test piece in the clamping block 2 and clamps it. Then, the two crossbeams 11 are moved by the operating table 1 to test the performance of the test piece. After the test is completed, the suction machine 9 is started to clean the debris at the clamping block 2 through the long hose 91.

[0041] refer to Figure 2 The crossbeam 11 has a second cavity 112 on one side of the clamping block 2. A rotating motor 5 is installed in the second cavity 112 on the crossbeam 11. The output shaft of the rotating motor 5 passes through the second cavity 112 and extends to the outside. A worm gear 51 is sleeved on the end of the output shaft of the rotating motor 5 away from the second cavity 112. The worm gear 51 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor 5.

[0042] refer to Figure 2 A rotating roller 6 is provided on one side of the output shaft of the rotating motor 5 in a vertical direction. One end of the rotating roller 6 is rotatably connected to the crossbeam 11 near the crossbeam 11. A worm wheel 61 is fixed on the circumferential side wall of the other end of the rotating roller 6. The worm wheel 61 is meshed with the worm 51.

[0043] When the rotating motor 5 starts, it drives the worm gear to rotate through its own output shaft. The worm gear drives the worm wheel 61 to rotate, and the worm wheel 61 drives the rotating roller 6 to rotate.

[0044] refer to Figure 2 A support rod 7 is provided vertically on the side of the output shaft of the rotating motor 5 away from the clamping block 2. One end of the support rod 7 near the crossbeam 11 is fixedly connected to the crossbeam 11, and the other end of the support rod 7 is rotatably connected to a pawl 71. A ratchet 52 that engages with and is adapted to the pawl 71 is fixedly provided on the circumferential side wall of the output shaft of the rotating motor 5.

[0045] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3A third cavity 113 is formed inward on the surface of the crossbeam 11 at the support rod 7 and the second cavity 112. A limit rod 8 is slidably connected to the third cavity 113. A reset plate 1131 is sleeved on the circumferential side wall of the limit rod 8 at the third cavity 113. The side wall of the reset plate 1131 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crossbeam 11 at the third cavity 113. A reset spring 1132 is sleeved on the circumferential side wall of the limit rod 8. One end of the reset spring 1132 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the crossbeam 11 at the third cavity 113. The other end of the reset spring 1132 is fixedly connected to the reset plate 1131. A through hole 711 for the limit rod 8 to pass through is formed on the surface of the pawl 71. A nut 81 is threadedly connected to one end of the limit rod 8 through the through hole 711.

[0046] After clamping block 2 clamps the workpiece to be tested, the operator first engages pawl 71 with ratchet 52, and then pulls limit rod 8. At this time, return spring 1132 is stretched, and limit rod 8 passes through through hole 711 before tightening nut 81. After the test is completed, the operator removes nut 81, and return spring 1132 restores its deformation, causing limit rod 8 to disengage from through hole 711, and then pawl 71 can be moved.

[0047] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 A first cavity 111 is formed inward on the surface of the crossbeam 11 between the clamping block 2 and the second cavity 112. A lead screw 4 is slidably connected in the first cavity 111. A fixing block 1111 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the crossbeam 11 at the first cavity 111. A sliding groove 42 that is adapted to slide with the fixing block 1111 is formed along the length of the lead screw 4. A threaded sleeve 41 is threadedly connected to the circumferential side wall of the lead screw 4. A first guide block 412 is fixedly provided in an annular shape on the side wall of the threaded sleeve 41 facing the crossbeam 11. A first guide groove 12 that is adapted to slide with the first guide block 412 is formed in an annular shape on the side wall of the crossbeam 11 facing the threaded sleeve 41.

[0048] refer to Figure 4 The circumferential sidewall of the roller 6 is fixed with a first gear 62, and the circumferential sidewall of the threaded sleeve 41 is fixed with a second gear 411, which meshes with the first gear 62.

[0049] The rotation of the roller 6 drives the first gear 62 to rotate, the first gear 62 drives the second gear 411 to rotate, the second gear 411 drives the threaded sleeve 41 to rotate, the threaded sleeve 41 drives the lead screw 4 to move, and the lead screw 4 drives the fixed block 1111 to slide along the slide groove 42.

[0050] refer to Figure 2 Multiple clamping blocks 2 are provided. In this embodiment, four clamping blocks 2 are provided. The four clamping blocks 2 are arranged in a circle around the same vertical line. The outer wall of the clamping block 2 is provided with an inclined surface 21 in the inward direction away from the crossbeam 11. The inner wall of the clamping block 2 is provided with multiple anti-slip textures 23 in the vertical direction.

[0051] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 A clamping ring 22 is provided around the periphery of the clamping block 2. A moving rod 221 is fixed in the horizontal direction between the clamping ring 22 and the lead screw 4 away from the side wall of the clamping block 2. A second guide block 222 is fixed in the clamping ring 22 towards the inner wall of the clamping block 2. A second guide groove 24 is opened on the inclined surface 21 of the clamping block 2 to slide and adapt to the second guide block 222.

[0052] The movement of the lead screw 4 drives the movement of the moving rod 221, which in turn drives the movement of the clamping ring 22. The clamping ring 22 then drives the second guide block 222 to slide along the second guide groove 24, thereby causing the multiple clamping blocks 2 to contract and tighten or expand and loosen.

[0053] refer to Figure 5 A reinforcing device 3 is provided between the clamping block 2 and the crossbeam 11. The reinforcing device 3 includes a reinforcing rod 31. Multiple reinforcing rods 31 are provided. The number of reinforcing rods 31 is the same as that of the clamping blocks 2 and they correspond one-to-one. The reinforcing rods 31 are arranged along the inclined direction with respect to the inclined surface 21. A reinforcing block 312 is fixed at one end of the reinforcing rod 31 away from the clamping block 2. Multiple third guide blocks 13 are fixed on the side wall of the crossbeam 11 facing the reinforcing block 312. The number of third guide blocks 13 is the same as that of the reinforcing blocks 312 and they correspond one-to-one. In this embodiment, the third slider is set as a T-shaped block. The side wall of the reinforcing block 312 facing the third guide block 13 is provided with a third guide groove 3121 that is adapted to slide with the third guide block 13. In this embodiment, the third guide groove 3121 is set as a T-shaped groove.

[0054] refer to Figure 5 The reinforcing rod 31 is provided with a reinforcing ring 311 in a circumferential ring. Multiple linkage rods 223 are provided between the reinforcing ring 311 and the clamping ring 22 in a vertical direction. In this embodiment, four linkage rods 223 are provided, and the four linkage rods 223 are evenly spaced.

[0055] refer to Figure 5 The inner wall of the reinforcing ring 311 facing the reinforcing rod 31 is fixed with a fourth guide block 3111, and the side wall of the reinforcing rod 31 facing the reinforcing ring 311 is provided with a fourth guide groove 313 that is slidably adapted to the fourth guide block 3111.

[0056] The movement of clamping ring 22 drives the movement of linkage rod 223, which in turn drives the movement of reinforcing ring 311. Reinforcing ring 311 drives the fourth guide block 3111 to slide along the fourth guide groove 313. At the same time, reinforcing ring 311 drives the movement of reinforcing rod 31, which in turn drives the third guide block 13 to slide along the third guide groove 3121.

[0057] The implementation principle of a hydraulic universal testing machine according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: The operator places the workpiece to be tested in the clamping block 2. The rotating motor 5 starts, and through a worm gear, the worm wheel 61 drives the rotating roller 6 to rotate. The rotating roller 6, through a first gear 62, drives the second gear 411 to rotate the threaded sleeve 41. The threaded sleeve 41, through a lead screw 4, drives the moving rod 221 to move the clamping ring 22, thereby clamping the workpiece to be tested in the clamping block 2. During the clamping process, the clamping ring 22, through a linkage rod 223, causes the reinforcing ring 311 to slide along the crossbeam 11. After the clamping block 2 clamps the workpiece to be tested, the operator first engages the pawl 71 with the ratchet 52, then passes the limiting rod 8 through the through hole 711 and tightens the nut 81. Then, the operating table 1 drives the two crossbeams 11 to move, thereby testing the performance of the workpiece. After the test is completed, the suction machine 9 is started, and the debris at the clamping block 2 is cleaned through the long hose 91. This structure facilitates convenient experimentation for the operator.

[0058] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic universal testing machine, comprising an operating table (1), the operating table (1) comprising two crossbeams (11), characterized in that: Each of the two crossbeams (11) has a clamping block (2) on one side. Multiple clamping blocks (2) are arranged in a circle. The outer wall of the clamping block (2) has an inclined surface (21) in the direction from the outside to the inside. A reinforcing device (3) is provided between the clamping block (2) and the crossbeam (11). The reinforcing device (3) includes a reinforcing rod (31). The reinforcing rod (31) is arranged between the clamping block (2) and the crossbeam (11). The end of the reinforcing rod (31) away from the clamping block (2) is slidably connected to the crossbeam (11) in the horizontal direction. The other end of the reinforcing rod (31) is fixedly connected to the clamping block (2). A clamping ring (22) is arranged in a ring around the periphery of the multiple clamping blocks (2). The clamping ring (22) is fixed with a second guide on the inner wall of the clamping block (2). The guide block (222) and the clamping block (2) have a second guide groove (24) on the inclined surface (21) that is adapted to slide with the second guide block (222). The clamping ring (22) slides along the length direction of the inclined surface (21). The clamping ring (22) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the clamping block (2) away from the side wall of the clamping block (2). The surfaces of the two crossbeams (11) facing the moving rod (221) are each provided with a first cavity (111). A lead screw (4) is slidably connected in the first cavity (111). The end of the lead screw (4) away from the first cavity (111) is fixedly connected to the moving rod (221). A threaded sleeve (41) is threadedly connected to the circumferential side wall of the lead screw (4). The threaded sleeve (41) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the crossbeam (11) facing the crossbeam (11).

2. The hydraulic universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crossbeam (11) has a fixed block (1111) fixed on the inner wall of the first cavity (111), and the lead screw (4) has a sliding groove (42) that is adapted to slide with the fixed block (1111) along its own length direction.

3. The hydraulic universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing rod (31) is arranged in a direction parallel to the inclined surface (21). A reinforcing ring (311) is circumferentially sleeved on the periphery of the multiple reinforcing rods (31). The reinforcing ring (311) is slidably connected to the reinforcing rod (31) along the length direction of the reinforcing rod (31). A linkage rod (223) is fixed between the reinforcing ring (311) and the clamping ring (22).

4. A hydraulic universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crossbeam (11) has a second cavity (112) formed inward on one side of the first cavity (111). A rotating motor (5) is installed in the second cavity (112). The output shaft of the rotating motor (5) passes through the second cavity (112) and extends to the outside. A worm (51) is fitted on the end of the output shaft of the rotating motor (5) away from the second cavity (112). A worm wheel (61) is meshed on one side of the worm (51). A rotating roller (6) is fixed inside the worm wheel (61). The top of the rotating roller (6) is rotatably connected to the crossbeam (11). A first gear (62) is fixed on the circumferential sidewall of the rotating roller (6). A second gear (411) is fixed on the circumferential sidewall of the threaded sleeve (41). The second gear (411) and the first gear (62) are meshed together.

5. A hydraulic universal testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: A ratchet (52) is fixedly provided on the circumferential side wall of the output shaft of the rotary motor (5). A pawl (71) that engages with the ratchet (52) is provided on one side of the ratchet (52). A support rod (7) is provided between the pawl (71) and the crossbeam (11). One end of the support rod (7) is fixedly connected to the crossbeam (11), and the other end of the support rod (7) is rotatably connected to the pawl (71).

6. A hydraulic universal testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the crossbeam (11) facing the pawl (71) has a third cavity (113) extending inward. A limit rod (8) is slidably connected in the third cavity (113). A through hole (711) for the limit rod (8) to pass through is provided on the side wall of the pawl (71) facing the crossbeam (11). A nut (81) is threadedly connected to one end of the limit rod (8) that passes through the through hole (711).

7. A hydraulic universal testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting rod (8) is fitted with a reset plate (1131) on the circumferential side wall of the third cavity (113). The side wall of the reset plate (1131) is fixedly connected to the crossbeam (11) and the inner wall of the third cavity (113). A reset spring (1132) is fixed between the reset plate (1131) and the crossbeam (11) on the inner bottom wall of the third cavity (113). The reset spring (1132) is fitted on the circumferential side wall of the limiting rod (8).

8. A hydraulic universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A suction machine (9) is installed at the bottom of the side wall on one side of the operating table (1).

9. A hydraulic universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping block (2) has anti-slip texture (23) on its side wall away from the inclined surface (21).

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