Marine bottom-mounted installation platform and pile-driving method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a more convenient and reliable marine bottom-mounted installation platform, comprising a lower floating body, a column, a deck and a buoy, wherein the buoy is provided with a seawater input pipe, the seawater input pipe is connected to a high-pressure pump, the high-pressure pump is connected to a water reservoir through a water inlet pipe, the water outlet of the water reservoir is provided with a water outlet main pipe, the water outlet main pipe is provided with a remote-controlled electric control valve, the water outlet main pipe is connected to a plurality of stamping branch pipes through a diversion joint, each stamping branch pipe is connected to a bottom unit arranged in the lower floating body, the bottom of the bottom unit is not higher than the lower surface of the lower floating body; the bottom unit comprises a metal cover, an elastic circular rubber plate and an annular pressure seat from top to bottom, the top of the metal cover is provided with a water inlet and outlet connected to the stamping branch pipe, an elastic sealing ring is provided between the edge of the metal cover and the annular pressure seat, the metal cover together with the elastic sealing ring is fixed on the annular pressure seat by a plurality of screws, and the edge of the circular rubber plate is pressed tightly between the metal cover and the annular pressure seat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of marine platforms, and in particular relates to a marine bottom-mounted installation platform and a pile driving method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The bottom-mounted installation platform is primarily composed of a deck, columns, pontoons, and a lower buoyancy structure. The lower buoyancy structure primarily serves as a support structure. As a load-bearing structure in direct contact with the soil, it must bear the platform's own weight and operational loads while also ensuring stability during the installation process. Therefore, the buoyancy structure is a core component for ensuring platform safety.

[0003] The existing bottom-mounted platform floats are generally circular, rectangular, or polygonal in shape. The platform needs to be plugged in and out when it floats up. During the plugging and unplugging process, the hard clay on the seabed has a greater adsorption force on the float. The longer the plugging and unplugging time, the higher the requirement for the platform's buoyancy adjustment ability, and the difficulty of plugging and unplugging also increases accordingly. Therefore, a pile-driving system is often required to assist in plugging and unplugging. However, the existing pile-driving system mainly uses nozzles to remove sea mud from the bottom of the float. The pile-driving pipeline layout is complicated, and branch pipes and main circuit pipelines are often blocked by seabed mud during use, making maintenance difficult, resulting in failure of the pile-driving system and greatly increasing the difficulty of pile-driving. At the same time, during the bottom-mounted process, when the platform float is subjected to longitudinal and lateral pressure on the seabed at the same time, the existing float is prone to lateral slippage, resulting in the instability of the platform and poor ability to withstand wind and waves.

[0004] As disclosed in CN202111487631.7, “A pile driving system for a self-elevating wind power installation platform and its use method” specifically discloses: it includes a hull, pile fixing chambers are provided at the four corners of the hull, pile legs are installed through the pile fixing chambers from top to bottom, pile shoes are installed at the bottom of the pile legs and extend into the seabed, and pile driving pipelines are arranged in each pile leg and extend downward to the pile shoes; an air and water supply system is provided in the engine room of the hull, and the air and water supply system includes a high-pressure water supply system, a low-pressure water supply system and an air supply system, and the air and water supply system supplies water or gas to the pile driving pipeline through water and gas supply pipelines corresponding to the pile legs one by one. This technical solution uses the high-pressure water supply system, the low-pressure water supply system and the air supply system to remove the sea mud on the surface of the pile shoes to achieve pile extraction. However, the arrangement of the pile driving pipelines is complicated, and the branch pipes and the main circuit pipelines are easily blocked by the seabed mud during use, which makes maintenance difficult, resulting in failure of the pile driving system and increasing the difficulty of pile driving. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ocean bottom-mounted installation platform that is more convenient and reliable to use.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an offshore bottom-mounted installation platform, comprising a lower floating body, at least four columns, a deck and a buoy;

[0007] The lower buoy is a closed hollow shell. A liquid level gauge is installed at the bottom of the lower buoy for measuring the platform's submergence depth. Cylindrical buoys are evenly distributed around the center axis of the lower buoy, with the same number of buoys as the sides of the lower buoy. Ballast tanks are installed inside the buoys to hold ballast water for ballast discharge. Fixed ballast blocks are installed at the bottom of the lower buoy.

[0008] The columns are evenly arranged on the lower floating body, and the cross-section of the columns gradually transitions from square to circular from the bottom to the top; the deck is erected on all the columns, and the deck is used to arrange deck equipment and wind power installation operations; the lower floating body is in the shape of a regular octagonal ring, and a moon pool is provided in the middle that passes through from top to bottom; a seawater inlet pipe is provided on the buoy, and a remote control valve is provided on the seawater inlet pipe to control the entry of seawater, the seawater inlet pipe is connected to the high-pressure pump, and the high-pressure pump is connected to the water tank through the water inlet pipe, and the water outlet of the water tank is provided with a water outlet main pipe, and the water outlet main pipe is provided with a remote-controlled electric control valve, and the water outlet main pipe is connected to several stamping branch pipes through a diversion joint, and each stamping branch pipe is connected to a device A bottoming unit is placed in the lower floating body, and the bottom of the bottoming unit is not higher than the lower surface of the lower floating body; the bottoming unit includes a metal cover, an elastic circular rubber plate and an annular pressure seat from top to bottom, the top of the metal cover is provided with a water inlet and outlet connected to the stamping branch pipe, an elastic sealing ring is provided between the edge of the metal cover and the annular pressure seat, the metal cover together with the elastic sealing ring is fixed on the annular pressure seat by a number of screws, the edge of the circular rubber plate is pressed tightly between the metal cover and the annular pressure seat, the lower floating body is in the shape of an octagonal ring, the 8 bottoming units are respectively distributed on the eight sides of the octagonal ring, and the lower surface of the circular rubber plate is provided with raised spiral reinforcing ribs.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the spiral line equation of the spiral reinforcement rib of the circular rubber plate is:

[0010]

[0011] As a preferred solution, the annular pressure seat is provided with a receiving groove that matches the edge of the circular rubber plate.

[0012] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pile driving method for the above-mentioned marine bottom-mounted installation platform.

[0013] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a pile driving method for an offshore bottom-mounted installation platform, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Store water. Open the remote control valve connected to the buoy, connect the water inlet of the reservoir to the high-pressure pump through the water inlet pipe, and start the high-pressure water pump to continuously supply seawater to the reservoir through the water inlet pipe;

[0015] Step 2: Pile driving. When the water pressure in the reservoir is sufficient, open the electric control valve and the seawater passes through the outlet main pipe to reach the diversion joint;

[0016] Step 3: The water flows to each punching branch pipe, passes through the water inlet on the metal cover, and enters the interlayer space between the metal cover and the circular rubber plate. Under the continuous action of water pressure and seawater gravity, the circular rubber plate is deformed to form an outer shape, thereby punching the pile;

[0017] Step 4: Continue to add water and keep the high-pressure water pump working continuously to keep the water flow constant to ensure the water pressure in the reservoir is stable;

[0018] Step 5: After the platform's lower buoy is detached from the seabed, the pile extraction is completed, the high-pressure water pump stops supplying water to the reservoir, and the electric control valve is closed;

[0019] Step 6: The platform floats up.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] When the equipment is seated, the soil and the circular rubber sheet adhere securely, making the platform more stable and reliable. During pile driving, when the water pressure in the reservoir is sufficient, the high-pressure water pump continues to operate to ensure stable water pressure. The electric control valve opens, and water flows through the main outlet pipe to the various punching branches, entering the interlayer space between the metal cover and the circular rubber sheet. Under the continuous action of water pressure and seawater gravity, coupled with the adhesion of the mud, the circular rubber sheet deforms outward, thus driving the pile. The platform is easily removed, and the pile driving is easy and effective, making it more convenient to use. The pile driving piping system in this equipment is simple and easy to maintain.

[0022] The octagonal ring shape of the lower buoyancy increases the platform's heave damping and reduces heave motion, resulting in high platform stability. Spiral reinforcement ribs are located on the underside of the circular rubber plate. During landing, the landing unit, the circular rubber plate, and the spiral reinforcement ribs strengthen the platform's lower buoyancy's resistance to lateral and longitudinal slip, further ensuring the platform's stability during stationary operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is an overall side view of the mounting platform in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A top view of the distribution of the lower floating body in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a front view of a base unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the path of the spiral reinforcement rib according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a working diagram of a circular rubber plate of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1 is a remote control valve, 2 is a high-pressure pump, 3 is a water inlet pipe, 4 is a water reservoir, 5 is an electric control valve, 6 is a water outlet main pipe, 7 is a diversion joint, 8 is a stamping branch pipe, 9 is an annular pressure seat, 10 is a screw, 11 is a metal cover, 12 is an elastic sealing ring, 13 is a spiral reinforcement rib, 14 is a circular rubber, 15 is a lower floating body, 16 is a column, 17 is a pontoon, and 18 is a deck. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1-4 As shown, an offshore bottom-mounted installation platform includes a lower floating body 15 , columns 16 , a deck 18 and a buoy 17 .

[0032] The lower buoy 15 is a single-shell, single-bottom structure in the shape of a regular octagonal ring. It is a closed, hollow shell with a moonpool extending vertically through the center. A level gauge for measuring the platform's submergence depth is located at the bottom of the lower buoy 15. The octagonal ring structure of the lower buoy 15 offers a high aspect ratio and high structural stability. The moonpool, extending vertically through the center of the lower buoy 15, increases the heave damping of the marine bottom-mounted platform, reducing its heave motion, allowing it to maintain high stability and be lightweight.

[0033] Cylindrical buoys 17 are evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the lower floating body 15 around the central axis of the lower floating body 15, with the same number as the number of sides of the lower floating body 15, and every two buoys 17 form a group; a ballast tank that can accommodate ballast water for discharging ballast is provided in the buoy 17, and a fixed ballast block is provided at the bottom of the lower floating body 15 to lower the center of gravity of the bottom-seated movable offshore platform to improve its stability.

[0034] At least four columns 16 are provided, and the columns 16 are evenly arranged on the edge of the lower floating body 15. The cross-section of the columns 16 gradually transitions from square to circular from the bottom to the top. This arrangement helps the columns 16 to generate viscous damping, has good wave resistance, and increases the stability of the platform. At the same time, during operation, the platform dives to the draft of the columns 16, and the waterline is circular. Compared with the square waterline, the platform's ability to resist overturning and horizontal sliding is increased; at the same time, the main part of the column 16 is a circular cross-section, without edges, less stress concentration, which helps to extend the life of the column 16.

[0035] The deck 18 is erected on the columns 16 . The deck 18 is used for arranging deck 18 equipment and for wind power installation operations. A crane is provided on the deck 18 .

[0036] The buoy 17 is provided with a seawater inlet pipe, which is equipped with a remote control valve 1 for controlling the inflow of seawater. The seawater inlet pipe is connected to a high-pressure pump 2, which is connected to a water reservoir 4 via an inlet pipe 3. The outlet of the water reservoir 4 is provided with a water outlet main pipe 6, which is equipped with a remote-controlled electric control valve 5. The water outlet main pipe 6 is connected to eight stamping branch pipes 8 via a diversion joint 7. Each stamping branch pipe 8 is connected to a bottom unit provided in the lower floating body 15. The lower floating body 15 is in the shape of an octagonal ring, and the eight bottom units are respectively distributed on the eight sides of the octagonal ring. The bottom of the bottom unit is no higher than the lower surface of the lower floating body 15.

[0037] The bottom unit includes a metal cover 11, an elastic circular rubber plate 14 and an annular pressure seat 9 from top to bottom. The top of the metal cover 11 is provided with a water inlet and outlet connected to the stamping branch pipe 8. An elastic sealing ring 12 is provided between the edge of the metal cover 11 and the annular pressure seat 9. The metal cover 11 and the elastic sealing ring 12 are fixed to the annular pressure seat by a number of screws 10. The annular pressure seat is provided with a accommodating groove that matches the edge of the circular rubber plate 14. The edge of the circular rubber plate 14 is pressed tightly between the metal cover 11 and the annular pressure seat 9.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, the lower surface of the circular rubber plate 14 is provided with a raised spiral reinforcement rib 13, and the spiral line equation is:

[0039] like Figure 6 As shown, initially, the circular rubber sheet 14 is in an initial state. When sitting on the bottom, the circular rubber sheet 14 is deformed upward under the action of seabed mud and gravel, and the working condition changes from sitting on the bottom 1 → sitting on the bottom 2 → sitting on the bottom 3 until the circular rubber sheet 14 is in contact with the metal cover 11; when floating up, the circular rubber sheet 14 is affected by the impact and gravity of water entering the water inlet of the metal cover 11 and the adhesion of seabed mud and gravel, and the working condition changes from sitting on the bottom 3 → sitting on the bottom 2 → sitting on the bottom 1 → initial → floating up 1 → floating up 2 → floating up 3 until the platform lower buoy 15 leaves the seabed.

[0040] When the platform is seated, the landing unit, the circular rubber plate 14 and the spiral reinforcement ribs 13 enhance the anti-slip capability of the floating body in the transverse and longitudinal directions, making the entire platform more stable.

[0041] When floating, when the water pressure in the water tank is sufficient, keep the high-pressure water pump working continuously to ensure the water pressure of the water tank is stable, open the electric control valve, and the water flows through the outlet main pipe to disperse to each punching branch pipe, and enter the interlayer space between the metal cover and the round rubber. Under the continuous action of water pressure and seawater gravity, and the existence of sea mud adhesion, the round rubber is deformed to the outside to carry out pile punching. The platform is easy to pull out, the pile punching difficulty is low and the pile punching effect is ideal.

[0042] The above-mentioned pile driving method for the bottom-mounted offshore installation platform specifically comprises the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Water storage: Open the remote control valve 1 connected to the buoy 17, connect the water inlet of the water reservoir 4 to the high-pressure pump 2 through the water inlet pipe 3, and start the high-pressure water pump 2 to continuously supply seawater to the water reservoir 4 through the water inlet pipe 3. Seawater is used here because it is locally available, convenient and low-cost.

[0044] Step 2: Pile driving. When the water pressure in the water reservoir 4 is sufficient, the electric control valve 5 is opened, and the seawater passes through the outlet main pipe 6 and reaches the diversion joint 7;

[0045] Step 3: Water flows to each punching branch pipe 8, passes through the water inlet on the metal cover 11, and enters the interlayer space between the metal cover 11 and the circular rubber plate 14. Under the continuous action of water pressure and seawater gravity, coupled with the adhesion of sea mud, the circular rubber plate 14 is deformed to form an outer shape, thereby punching the pile;

[0046] Step 4: Continue to supply water, keep the high-pressure water pump 2 working continuously, and keep the water flow constant, thereby ensuring the water pressure of the water reservoir 4 is stable;

[0047] Step 5: After the platform lower buoy 15 is separated from the seabed, the pile extraction is completed, the high-pressure water pump 2 stops supplying water to the water reservoir 4, and the electric control valve is closed;

[0048] Step 6: The platform floats up.

[0049] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, as well as some embodiments of its application, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An offshore bottom-mounted platform comprising a lower buoy, at least four columns, a deck, and a buoy; The lower buoy is a closed hollow shell. A liquid level gauge is installed at the bottom of the lower buoy for measuring the platform's submergence depth. Cylindrical buoys are evenly distributed around the center axis of the lower buoy, with the same number of buoys as the sides of the lower buoy. Ballast tanks are installed inside the buoys to hold ballast water for ballast discharge. Fixed ballast blocks are installed at the bottom of the lower buoy. The columns are evenly arranged on the lower buoy, and the cross-section of the columns gradually transitions from square to circular from the bottom to the top; the deck is erected on all the columns and is used for arranging deck equipment and wind power installation operations; the characteristics are: The lower floating body is in the shape of a regular octagonal ring, with a moon pool extending vertically through the middle. The buoy is provided with a seawater inlet pipe, which is provided with a remote control valve for controlling the inflow of seawater. The seawater inlet pipe is connected to a high-pressure pump, which is connected to a water reservoir via an inlet pipe. The water outlet of the water reservoir is provided with a water outlet main pipe, which is provided with a remote-controlled electric control valve. The water outlet main pipe is connected to a plurality of stamping branch pipes via a diversion joint. Each stamping branch pipe is connected to a bottoming unit provided in the lower floating body, and the bottom of the bottoming unit is not higher than the lower surface of the lower floating body. The bottoming unit includes, from top to bottom, a metal cover, an elastic circular rubber plate and an annular pressure seat. The top of the metal cover is provided with a water inlet and outlet connected to the stamping branch pipe. An elastic sealing ring is provided between the edge of the metal cover and the annular pressure seat. The metal cover together with the elastic sealing ring is fixed on the annular pressure seat by a number of screws. The edge of the circular rubber plate is pressed tightly between the metal cover and the annular pressure seat. The lower floating body is in the shape of an octagonal ring, and the eight bottoming units are respectively distributed on the eight sides of the octagonal ring. The lower surface of the circular rubber plate is provided with raised spiral reinforcing ribs.

2. The marine bottom-mounted installation platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral line equation of the spiral reinforcement rib of the circular rubber plate is:

3. The marine bottom-mounted installation platform according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The annular pressure seat is provided with a receiving groove which matches the edge of the circular rubber plate.

4. A pile driving method for an offshore bottom-mounted installation platform according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Store water. Open the remote control valve connected to the buoy, connect the water inlet of the reservoir to the high-pressure pump through the water inlet pipe, and start the high-pressure water pump to continuously supply seawater to the reservoir through the water inlet pipe; Step 2: Pile driving. When the water pressure in the reservoir is sufficient, open the electric control valve and the seawater passes through the outlet main pipe to reach the diversion joint; Step 3: The water flows to each punching branch pipe, passes through the water inlet on the metal cover, and enters the interlayer space between the metal cover and the circular rubber plate. Under the continuous action of water pressure and seawater gravity, the circular rubber plate is deformed to form an outer shape, thereby punching the pile; Step 4: Continue to add water and keep the high-pressure water pump working continuously to keep the water flow constant to ensure the water pressure in the reservoir is stable; Step 5: After the platform's lower buoy is detached from the seabed, the pile extraction is completed, the high-pressure water pump stops supplying water to the reservoir, and the electric control valve is closed; Step 6: The platform floats up.

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