Water-rich soft section large-span tunnel primary support deformation control device

Abstract

The application provides a water-rich soft ground large-span tunnel primary support deformation control device. The water-rich soft ground large-span tunnel primary support deformation control device comprises an upper step temporary inverted arch, a support mechanism, an anchor rod, an I-beam frame, a concrete layer, a steel mesh and a steel bar, a plurality of I-beam frames are equidistantly installed on the side wall of the upper step temporary inverted arch, and a plurality of anchor rods are obliquely installed on the side wall of the I-beam frame; an anchor rod; a sealing mechanism; a protection mechanism, the protection mechanism comprises waterproof adhesive tape, a geotextile layer and a connecting rod, the geotextile layer is fixed on the side wall of the anchor rod through the waterproof adhesive tape, the connecting rod is symmetrically installed on the side wall of the geotextile layer, and the connecting rod abuts against the side wall of the anchor rod; a spliced I-beam frame; a lower step temporary inverted arch; an inverted arch; the water-rich soft ground large-span tunnel primary support deformation control device has the advantages of high construction efficiency and high safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel primary support deformation control, and in particular to a device for controlling primary support deformation of a large-span tunnel in a water-rich soft area. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel is an engineering structure buried in the earth, a form of human use of underground space. The tunnel structure consists of two parts: the main structure, which consists of the tunnel body and portal, and ancillary facilities, including car shelters, firefighting facilities, emergency communications, and drainage systems. Long tunnels also have specialized ventilation and lighting equipment.

[0003] During the construction of large-span tunnels, when encountering water-rich and soft areas, initial support deformation and even cracking are prone to occur. This is difficult, time-consuming and labor-intensive to handle, and often leads to the suspension of work at the face, affecting the normal excavation and water flow operations in the tunnel, thereby greatly increasing costs. If not handled properly, it may even pose a major safety hazard.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new initial support deformation control device for large-span tunnels in water-rich soft areas to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a large-span tunnel initial support deformation control device in water-rich soft areas with high construction efficiency and higher safety.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a large-span tunnel initial support deformation control device for water-rich soft areas, which includes: an upper step temporary inverted arch; a support mechanism, the support mechanism is connected to the upper step temporary inverted arch, the support mechanism includes a locking anchor rod, an I-beam frame, a concrete layer, a wire mesh and a steel bar, a plurality of the I-beam frames are equidistantly installed on the side wall of the upper step temporary inverted arch, and a plurality of the locking anchor rods are obliquely installed on the side wall of the I-beam frame; the steel bars and the wire mesh are installed between adjacent I-beam frames, and the steel bars are connected to the wire mesh, and the wire mesh contacts the concrete layer; an anchor rod, the anchor rod is welded to the side wall of the I-beam frame, and the The anchor rod passes through the wire mesh; a sealing mechanism, which is installed at the bottom end of the anchor rod; a protective mechanism, which is fixed to the side wall of the anchor rod, and the protective mechanism includes a waterproof tape, a geotextile layer and a connecting rod, the geotextile layer is fixed to the side wall of the anchor rod through the waterproof tape, the connecting rod is symmetrically installed on the side wall of the geotextile layer, and the connecting rod contacts the side wall of the anchor rod; a spliced ​​I-beam frame, which is installed at the bottom end of the I-beam frame; a temporary inverted arch for the lower step, the side wall of the temporary inverted arch for the lower step is connected to the side wall of the spliced ​​I-beam frame; an inverted arch, which is installed at the bottom end of the spliced ​​I-beam frame.

[0007] Preferably, the anchor rod includes a support rod, a fixing plate and a through hole, and multiple support rods are respectively welded to the side walls of the I-beam frame and the spliced ​​I-beam frame. The fixing plate is installed at one end of the support rod, and the fixing plate contacts the side wall of the wire mesh, and the through holes are symmetrically provided on the side wall of the support rod.

[0008] Preferably, the through hole is located inside the geotextile layer, and the connecting rods are located on both sides of the through hole.

[0009] Preferably, the sealing mechanism includes a joint, a rubber sleeve, a connecting sleeve and a sealing rod. The joint is welded to one end of the support rod. The interior of the joint is threadedly connected to the sealing rod. The connecting sleeve is installed on the side wall of the sealing rod. The rubber sleeve is installed inside the connecting sleeve, and the rubber sleeve is slidably connected to the side wall of the joint.

[0010] Preferably, a side wall at one end of the joint is arranged obliquely, and one end of the support rod is slidably connected to the inside of the sealing rod.

[0011] Preferably, the shortest distance between adjacent I-beam frames is 80 cm, and at least 12 locking anchor rods are installed on the side wall of the same I-beam frame.

[0012] Preferably, the steel wire mesh and the steel bars are installed on the side walls of the spliced ​​I-beam frame, and at least four locking anchor rods are installed on the side walls of the spliced ​​I-beam frame.

[0013] The initial support deformation control device for large-span tunnels in water-rich soft areas according to claim is characterized in that the length of the support rod is 4.5m, the shortest spacing between adjacent through holes is 10cm, and no through holes are arranged within 1m of the root of the support rod.

[0014] Compared with related technologies, the device for controlling deformation of primary support of large-span tunnels in water-rich and soft areas provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The application provides a large-span tunnel primary support deformation control device in a water-rich soft section, in the water-rich soft section, the surrounding rock is weak, under the condition that the locking foot anchor rod and the large arch foot action is limited, the support mechanism is additionally arranged in the inner side of the deformation section, the rapid and effective control of the tunnel primary support sinking deformation can be realized, the situation that the serious limit invasion caused by the excessive primary support deformation needs to be replaced or reworked is avoided, one construction personnel safety protection guarantee is additionally increased, the support mechanism is convenient to remove, the construction difficulty is reduced, the influence of the large deformation of the soft surrounding rock on the on-site construction circulation water operation is reduced, and the construction efficiency is effectively improved; the upper step temporary inverted arch and the lower step temporary inverted arch are arranged at the step bottom, the arch stress performance is greatly strengthened, the construction temporary passage is simultaneously used, the subsequent working face excavation construction needs are met, the hole operation condition is improved, and the construction is safer and more reliable; when the anchor rod enters the soil layer, the geotextile layer is fixed to the side wall of the anchor rod through the waterproof adhesive tape, and the connecting rod lifts the geotextile layer, the water in the soil layer is convenient to penetrate the geotextile layer and enter the inside of the anchor rod, meanwhile, the geotextile layer prevents the silt in the soil layer from entering the inside of the anchor rod, the water in the soil layer is discharged through the anchor rod, the water content in the soil layer is reduced, and the strength of the surrounding rock is improved; and the primary support periphery is radially grouted through the anchor rod, the surrounding rock is reinforced, the self-stability of the surrounding rock is improved, the rework is reduced, the supporting structure parameter of the secondary lining is avoided to be increased, and the construction cost is effectively reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A structure schematic view of the large-span tunnel primary support deformation control device in a water-rich soft section is provided in the application.

[0017] Figure 2 A support mechanism structure side view is shown in the application. Figure 1 A support mechanism structure side view is shown in the application.

[0018] Figure 3 A support mechanism structure side view is shown in the application. Figure 1 A support mechanism structure side view is shown in the application.

[0019] Figure 4 A support mechanism structure side view is shown in the application. Figure 3 A support mechanism structure side view is shown in the application.

[0020] Figure 5 A support mechanism structure side view is shown in the application. Figure 3 A support mechanism structure side view is shown in the application.

[0021] Figure 6 A support mechanism structure side view is shown in the application. Figure 1 A support mechanism structure side view is shown in the application.

[0022] Figure 7 A support mechanism structure side view is shown in the application. Figure 6 A support mechanism structure side view is shown in the application.

[0023] Numbers in the figure: 1. Temporary inverted arch for the upper step, 2. Support mechanism, 21. Locking anchor rod, 22. I-beam frame, 23. Concrete layer, 24. Wire mesh, 25. Rebar, 3. Anchor rod, 31. Support rod, 32. Fixing plate, 33. Through hole, 4. Protection mechanism, 41. Waterproof tape, 42. Geotextile layer, 43. Connecting rod, 5. Sealing mechanism, 51. Joint, 52. Rubber sleeve, 53. Connecting sleeve, 54. Sealing rod, 6. Temporary inverted arch for the lower step, 7. Spliced ​​I-beam frame, 8. Inverted arch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 ,in, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the initial support deformation control device for large-span tunnels in water-rich soft areas provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side view of the support mechanism structure shown; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the anchor structure shown; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A bottom view of the support rod structure shown; Figure 5 for Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A is shown; Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the temporary inverted arch structure of the upper step and the temporary inverted arch structure of the lower step shown; Figure 7 for Figure 6The schematic diagram of the lower step temporary inverted arch and the inverted arch structure is shown. A device for controlling deformation of initial support of a large-span tunnel in a water-rich and soft area, characterized in that it comprises: an upper step temporary inverted arch 1; a support mechanism 2, the support mechanism 2 being connected to the upper step temporary inverted arch 1, the support mechanism 2 comprising a locking anchor rod 21, an I-beam 22, a concrete layer 23, a steel mesh 24 and a steel bar 25, a plurality of I-beams 22 being equidistantly installed on the side wall of the upper step temporary inverted arch 1, a plurality of locking anchor rods 21 being obliquely installed on the side wall of the I-beam 22; the steel bars 25 and the steel mesh 24 being installed between adjacent I-beams 22, and the steel bars 25 being connected to the steel mesh 24, the steel mesh 24 being in contact with the concrete layer 23; an anchor rod 3, the anchor rod 3 being welded to the side wall of the I-beam 22, and the anchor rod 3 passes through the wire mesh 24; a sealing mechanism 5, the sealing mechanism 5 is installed at the bottom end of the anchor rod 3; a protective mechanism 4, the protective mechanism 4 is fixed to the side wall of the anchor rod 3, the protective mechanism 4 includes a waterproof tape 41, a geotextile layer 42 and a connecting rod 43, the geotextile layer 42 is fixed to the side wall of the anchor rod 3 by the waterproof tape 41, the connecting rod 43 is symmetrically installed on the side wall of the geotextile layer 42, and the connecting rod 43 abuts the side wall of the anchor rod 3; a spliced ​​I-beam frame 7, the spliced ​​I-beam frame 7 is installed at the bottom end of the I-beam frame 22; a lower step temporary inverted arch 6, the side wall of the lower step temporary inverted arch 6 is connected to the side wall of the spliced ​​I-beam frame 7; an inverted arch 8, the inverted arch 8 is installed at the bottom end of the spliced ​​I-beam frame 7.

[0026] The anchor rod 3 includes a support rod 31, a fixing plate 32 and a through hole 33. Multiple support rods 31 are respectively welded to the side walls of the I-beam frame 22 and the spliced ​​I-beam frame 7. The fixing plate 32 is installed at one end of the support rod 31. The fixing plate 32 contacts the side wall of the wire mesh 24, and the side wall of the support rod 31 is symmetrically provided with the through hole 33. In order to facilitate the support rod 31 to enter the soil layer, the support rod 31 drives the fixing plate 32 to contact the wire mesh 24, thereby fixing the wire mesh 24 to the side wall of the concrete layer 23.

[0027] The through hole 33 is located inside the geotextile layer 42 , and the connecting rods 43 are located on both sides of the through hole 33 . The geotextile layer 42 covers the through hole 33 to prevent mud and sand in the soil layer from entering the through hole 33 .

[0028] The sealing mechanism 5 includes a joint 51, a rubber sleeve 52, a connecting sleeve 53 and a sealing rod 54. The joint 51 is welded to one end of the support rod 31. The interior of the joint 51 is threadedly connected to the sealing rod 54. The side wall of the sealing rod 54 is installed with the connecting sleeve 53. The interior of the connecting sleeve 53 is installed with the rubber sleeve 52, and the rubber sleeve 52 is slidably connected to the side wall of the joint 51. When the support rod 31 is driven into the soil layer, the sealing rod 54 is threadedly connected to the joint 51. The sealing rod 54 closes one end of the support rod 31 to prevent mortar from entering the interior of the support rod 31, and the sealing rod 54 drives the connecting sleeve 53 and the rubber sleeve 52 to move, so that the rubber sleeve 52 contacts the side wall of the joint 51, and the side wall of one end of the joint 51 is inclined. As the rubber sleeve 52 slides on the side wall of the joint 51, the extrusion pressure between the rubber sleeve 52 and the joint 51 gradually increases, thereby further improving the sealing between the rubber sleeve 52 and the joint 51.

[0029] The shortest distance between adjacent I-beams 22 is 80 cm, and at least 12 locking anchor rods 21 are installed on the side wall of the same I-beam 22 to stably fix the I-beam 22 inside the tunnel and improve the firmness of the I-beam 22.

[0030] The steel mesh 24 and the steel bars 25 are installed on the side walls of the spliced ​​I-beam frame 7, and at least four locking anchor rods 21 are installed on the side walls of the spliced ​​I-beam frame 7, so that the spliced ​​I-beam frame 7 can better support the bottom end of the tunnel.

[0031] The length of the support rod 31 is 4.5m, the shortest distance between adjacent through holes 33 is 10cm, and no through hole 33 is set within 1m of the root of the support rod 31, so that the root of the support rod 31 can serve as a grouting stop section to prevent the mortar injected into the soil layer from leaking.

[0032] The working principle of the initial support deformation control device for a large-span tunnel in a water-rich and soft area provided by the present invention is as follows: after the tunnel enters excavation, the concrete layer 23 is first sprayed on the side wall of the tunnel. According to the measured position, the embedded parts of each section of the I-beam frame 22 inside the tunnel face are connected with bolts, and at least 12 locking anchor rods 21 are installed on the side wall of the I-beam frame 22. At the same time, grouting is injected into the interior of the locking anchor rods 21. The shortest spacing between the I-beam frames 22 is 80 cm. After the I-beam frame 22 is initially in place, the steel bars 25 and the wire mesh 24 are installed on the side wall of the I-beam frame 22, and the anchor rod 3 is driven into the soil layer. The support rod 31 drives the fixing plate 32 to contact the wire mesh 24, and the support rod 31 and the I-beam frame 22 are welded to fix the support rod 31, thereby fixing the wire mesh 24 to the side wall of the concrete layer 23. The sealing rod 54 is threadedly connected to the joint 51 so that the sealing rod 54 seals one end of the support rod 31 to prevent mortar from entering the interior of the support rod 31, and the sealing rod 54 drives the connecting sleeve 53 and the rubber sleeve 52 to move, so that the rubber sleeve 52 contacts the side wall of the joint 51, and the side wall of one end of the joint 51 is inclined. As the rubber sleeve 52 slides on the side wall of the joint 51, the extrusion pressure between the rubber sleeve 52 and the joint 51 gradually increases, thereby further improving the sealing between the rubber sleeve 52 and the joint 51. After the sealing rod 54 is installed, mortar is sprayed on the surface of the support mechanism 2. After the mortar spraying is completed, the sealing rod 54 is removed. At this time, the geotextile layer 42 is fixed to the side wall of the support rod 31 through the waterproof tape 41, and the connecting rod 43 lifts the geotextile layer 42 to facilitate water in the soil layer to pass through the geotextile layer 42 and enter the interior of the support rod 31. At the same time, the geotextile layer 42 prevents mud and sand in the soil layer from entering the interior of the support rod 31, allowing water in the soil layer to be discharged through the support rod 31, reducing the water content in the soil layer and improving the strength of the surrounding rock. After the I-beam frame 22 is closed into a ring, it is covered with 26 cm thick C25 sprayed concrete to form the temporary inverted arch 1 of the upper step (as shown in the attached figure). Figure 1When the upper step temporary inverted arch 1 is solidified, the inside of the support rod 31 is grouted, the mortar in the inside of the support rod 31 is sprayed out through the through hole 33, the mortar extrudes the geotextile layer 42, the geotextile layer 42 moves to drive the connecting rod 43 to move and separate from the support rod 31, the mortar is sprayed out through the gap between the connecting rod 43 and the support rod 31 and enters the soil layer, and the soil layer is reinforced. Before the lower step is excavated, the wind pick is used to break the upper step temporary inverted arch 1. The lower step is excavated left and right staggered at least 5 m, each cycle excavation footage is not greater than 1 section, after the lower step is excavated, the spliced I-beam 7 is installed at the bottom end of the I-beam 22, and the anchor rod 3, the steel bar 25, the steel wire mesh 24 and the anchor rod 3 are installed on the side wall of the spliced I-beam 7, meanwhile, 26 cm thick C25 sprayed concrete is covered to form the lower step temporary inverted arch 6 (as shown in FIG. 6). Figure 6 When the lower step temporary inverted arch 6 is solidified, the anchor rod 3 on the side wall of the spliced I-beam 7 is grouted. Before the arch 8 is constructed, the lower step temporary inverted arch 6 is broken by the wind pick according to the need, and after excavation, the reinforcement binding, formwork installation and concrete pouring of the arch construction are carried out (as shown in FIG. 8). Figure 7

[0033] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent range of the present application, and any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation using the content of the specification and the drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection range of the present application.​

Claims

1. A device for controlling deformation of primary support of large-span tunnels in water-rich and soft areas, characterized by: include: Temporary inverted arch for the upper steps (1); A support mechanism (2), the support mechanism (2) is connected to the temporary inverted arch (1) of the upper step, the support mechanism (2) comprises a locking anchor rod (21), an I-beam frame (22), a concrete layer (23), a steel mesh (24) and a steel bar (25), a plurality of the I-beam frames (22) are equidistantly installed on the side wall of the temporary inverted arch (1), and a plurality of the locking anchor rods (21) are obliquely installed on the side wall of the I-beam frame (22); the steel bars (25) and the steel mesh (24) are installed between adjacent I-beam frames (22), and the steel bars (25) are connected to the steel mesh (24), and the steel mesh (24) contacts the concrete layer (23); Anchor rods (3), the anchor rods (3) are welded to the side walls of the I-beam frame (22), and the anchor rods (3) pass through the steel mesh (24); the anchor rods (3) include support rods (31), fixing plates (32) and through holes (33), a plurality of the support rods (31) are respectively welded to the side walls of the I-beam frame (22) and the spliced ​​I-beam frame (7), one end of the support rods (31) is mounted with the fixing plate (32), the fixing plate (32) abuts against the side walls of the steel mesh (24), and the side walls of the support rods (31) are symmetrically provided with the through holes (33); the through holes (33) are located inside the geotextile layer (42), and the connecting rods (43) are located on both sides of the through holes (33); A sealing mechanism (5), the sealing mechanism (5) being mounted on the bottom end of the anchor rod (3); the sealing mechanism (5) comprising a joint (51), a rubber sleeve (52), a connecting sleeve (53) and a sealing rod (54); one end of the support rod (31) being welded to the joint (51); the interior of the joint (51) being threadedly connected to the sealing rod (54); the connecting sleeve (53) being mounted on the side wall of the sealing rod (54); the rubber sleeve (52) being mounted on the interior of the connecting sleeve (53); and the rubber sleeve (52) being slidably connected to the side wall of the joint (51); A protective mechanism (4), the protective mechanism (4) being fixed to the side wall of the anchor rod (3), the protective mechanism (4) comprising a waterproof tape (41), a geotextile layer (42) and a connecting rod (43), the geotextile layer (42) being fixed to the side wall of the anchor rod (3) via the waterproof tape (41), the connecting rod (43) being symmetrically mounted on the side wall of the geotextile layer (42), and the connecting rod (43) being in contact with the side wall of the anchor rod (3); A spliced ​​I-steel frame (7), wherein the spliced ​​I-steel frame (7) is mounted on the bottom end of the I-steel frame (22); A temporary inverted arch (6) for the lower step, wherein the side wall of the temporary inverted arch (6) for the lower step is connected to the side wall of the spliced ​​I-beam frame (7); An inverted arch (8), the inverted arch (8) being installed at the bottom end of the spliced ​​I-beam frame (7).

2. The initial support deformation control device for large-span tunnels in water-rich soft areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end side wall of the joint (51) is arranged tilted, and one end of the support rod (31) is slidably connected to the inside of the sealing rod (54).

3. The initial support deformation control device for large-span tunnels in water-rich soft areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shortest distance between adjacent I-beam frames (22) is 80 cm, and at least 12 locking foot anchor rods (21) are installed on the side wall of the same I-beam frame (22).

4. The initial support deformation control device for large-span tunnels in water-rich soft areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steel mesh (24) and the steel bars (25) are installed on the side walls of the spliced ​​I-beam frame (7), and at least four locking foot anchor rods (21) are installed on the side walls of the spliced ​​I-beam frame (7).

5. The initial support deformation control device for large-span tunnels in water-rich soft areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length of the support rod (31) is 4.5 m, the shortest distance between adjacent through holes (33) is 10 cm, and no through hole (33) is provided within 1 m of the root of the support rod (31).

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