A method for evaluating the survival ability of scallops

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for evaluating the survival ability of scallops, which can be used as a new method for the selection and breeding of scallop broodstock and the evaluation of aquaculture. This method monitors the process of the opening and closing movement of the two valves of scallops in vitro, analyzes the law of the opening and closing movement of scallops, calculates the opening and closing movement ability of scallops, and evaluates and predicts the survival potential of scallops. Compared with the traditional method, this method has the characteristics of non-invasiveness, non-damage, and strong timeliness, can evaluate the survival potential of live shellfish, and does not harm the target scallops. The present invention provides a new method for predicting the survival potential of scallops, and the application of this method will provide technical support for the selection and breeding of scallop broodstock with high survival ability and the healthy aquaculture of shellfish.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technology of evaluating marine shellfish culture in the field of aquaculture technology, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating the survival ability of scallops. Background Art

[0002] As an important economic variety of seawater culture in China, shellfish has important economic value. The culture of shellfish represented by scallops once set off the third wave of marine aquaculture in China. In recent years, phenomena such as germplasm decline, frequent occurrence of aquaculture diseases, and large-scale death of scallops have gradually emerged in the scallop aquaculture industry in China, causing huge economic losses to coastal farmers and endangering the healthy development of the scallop aquaculture industry.

[0003] To promote the rapid revival of the scallop aquaculture industry, improving the productivity of shellfish by cultivating new varieties is an effective method to promote the healthy development of the scallop aquaculture industry. However, at present, most of the traditional indicators related to scallop health evaluation are mainly based on tests under laboratory conditions, which have problems such as long experimental periods, low throughput, and damage or even death of candidate individuals. More importantly, there is still a lack of biological indicators and related evaluation calculation methods for shellfish that can predict the survival ability and survival time of shellfish and reflect the survival potential of shellfish in the industry. Therefore, developing an evaluation index that is efficient, non-destructive, and can reflect the survival potential of shellfish is of great significance for the cultivation of high-quality scallop seeds, improving the survival rate of shellfish culture, and promoting the development of the shellfish industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention proposes a method for evaluating the survival ability of scallops, and for the first time, uses the rate of the opening and closing movement of the two valves of scallops and the scallop thickness index as the main indicators to predict and evaluate the survival potential of scallops. That is, on the basis of not harming scallop individuals, it predicts the survival potential of shellfish in the same habitat and serves aquaculture activities such as the selection of scallop broodstock. At the same time, by excavating and analyzing the opening and closing movement of the two valves of scallops, people's understanding of the physiological role of the valve activities of bivalve shellfish is improved. Its technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A method for evaluating the survival ability of scallops, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Cultivate the scallop population to be detected in advance to adapt it to the environment to be detected;

[0007] S2. Before detection, measure the body size parameters of scallop individuals, including W shell which is the width of the scallop shell, M tissue which is the weight of the soft tissue of the scallop before detection, and M total which is the total weight of each scallop before detection;

[0008] S3. Place the scallops to be detected in a water environment with the same temperature and aeration, and the environment among the scallops to be measured is the same to adapt to the survival of scallops;

[0009] S4. The scallop valves drive the opening and closing movement of the two shells. Therefore, place the scallop in a non-invasive underwater biological sensor to monitor the distance data of the opening and closing of the two shells of the scallop in real time, and the data acquisition frequency is not less than 10 Hz;

[0010] S5. Obtain the displacement change data of the opening and closing movement of the two shells of each scallop, establish a two-dimensional coordinate system, and draw the displacement movement curve changing with time;

[0011] S6. Statistically analyze the top n groups of data with the highest opening and closing movement rates of the two shells of each scallop, and calculate their average rate V top ; S7. Calculate the survival potential coefficient C of each scallop sv , and its formula is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] where

[0014] V top is the average value of the top n groups of data with the highest opening and closing movement rates of the two shells of the scallop, and usually n = 10;

[0015] W shell is the width of the scallop shell, that is, the longitudinal vertical distance when the scallop is placed horizontally. This parameter is the shortest side among the three sides of the scallop body size in terms of length, width, and height, and is used to reflect the thickness of the scallop;

[0016] M tissue is the weight of the soft tissue of the scallop before detection;

[0017] Obtained through experiments, the survival potential coefficient C of the scallop sv has a significant positive correlation with the survival time of the scallop.

[0018] Preferably, V top , V max and W shell are positively correlated with the survival potential coefficient of the scallop and are key variables affecting the estimation of the survival potential coefficient of the scallop. In the work of shellfish breeding, attention should be paid to measurement.

[0019] Preferably, according to the displacement movement curve, the period of one opening and closing of the two shells of the scallop is time T o . During this period, the horizontal axis is set as time t i , and the vertical axis is set as the distance h corresponding to the two shells of the scallop at this moment i . Set (t i , h i ) as a point in the two-dimensional coordinate system, and set its closest adjacent coordinates as (t i+1 , h i+1 ). Calculate the slope V of the displacement movement curve at this moment i , and its formula is as follows:

[0020] V i = |h i+1 - h i | / |t i+1 - t i |

[0021] Calculate the slope of all displacement motion curves within this T o period, and the maximum value represents the rate V of the shell opening and closing motion of this scallop o .

[0022] Preferably, keep the environmental conditions unchanged and continuously monitor the measured scallops for more than 7 days, and calculate the C sv value of each measured scallop. The larger the calculated C sv value, the stronger the predicted survival ability of this scallop.

[0023] Preferably, when V top cannot be obtained, use V max to replace V top , and calculate the survival potential coefficient C of each scallop according to the formula 1. C sv 1 has a significant positive correlation with the survival time of scallops; sv When M

[0024] cannot be obtained, use the total weight M of each scallop before detection tissue to replace M total tissue , and calculate the survival potential coefficient C of each scallop according to the formula 2. C sv 2 has a significant positive correlation with the survival time of scallops; sv When V

[0025] and M top tissue cannot be obtained, use V max total and M total sv to replace them simultaneously, and calculate the survival potential coefficient C of each scallop according to the formula sv 3. C sv 3 has a significant positive correlation with the survival time of scallops;

[0026] When C sv cannot be obtained, use C sv 1, C sv 2 or C sv 3 to replace it in turn.

[0027] Preferably, the non-invasive underwater biological sensor unit includes a T-shaped bracket and two flexible thin plates. The height of the T-shaped bracket is adjustable. One end of each flexible thin plate is connected to the bracket column, and a small magnet is installed at the other end. Hall elements are installed at the left and right ends of the T-shaped bracket. After installation, the Hall elements are directly above the small magnets, and the two are parallel to each other with a known initial distance. Adjust the height of the T-shaped bracket so that the scallop is placed directly below the flexible thin plate. The flexible thin plate is thin and has good flexibility to meet the movement of the flexible thin plate driven by the opening and closing movement of the bivalve of the shellfish. Based on the Hall effect, the change in the opening and closing amplitude of the bivalve of the scallop causes a change in the magnetic field, and the target signal is connected to the upper computer through the data acquisition module. During actual measurement, several columns are usually set around the scallop to prevent the scallop from swimming away and getting out of monitoring. After setting, a certain moving space for the scallop should still be ensured.

[0028] Beneficial effects

[0029] The present invention is a non-invasive and non-destructive detection of scallop indicators, and for the first time proposes a method for predicting the survival potential of scallops by using the opening and closing movement of the bivalve of the scallop. The application of this method will improve the survival rate of shellfish farming and provide a research basis for the breeding and improvement of good varieties of bivalve shellfish including scallops. Description of the drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the monitoring of the opening and closing movement of the bivalve of the scallop involved in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the body size measurement of the scallop involved in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a data graph of the displacement change of the opening and closing movement of the bivalve of the scallop involved in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a data graph of the rate change of the opening and closing movement of the bivalve of the scallop involved in the present invention (the time coordinates correspond one by one) Figure 3 one by one).

[0034] Figure 5 It is a relationship graph between the survival potential coefficient of the scallop and the actual survival time of the scallop involved in the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0035] In order to better understand the index content of the present invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the content of the present invention.

[0036] In this example, the selected scallop variety is Patinopecten yessoensis, which is an important scallop farming variety in China and has extremely high economic value; at the same time, it is also the first scallop variety with a publicly published complete genome and has important research value.

[0037] A method for evaluating the viability of scallops comprises the following steps:

[0038] S1. All the scallops were 2 years old and were collected from the waters of Zhangzidao Island, Dalian. The scallops to be tested were kept for 4 days to adapt to the environment to be tested.

[0039] Build a scallop bivalve opening and closing movement monitoring device. The scallop bivalve movement monitoring device of the present invention can be built using a non-invasive underwater biosensor ( Figure 1 ). The non-invasive underwater biosensor unit includes a T-shaped bracket and two flexible thin plates (PVC thin plates). The height of the T-shaped bracket is adjustable. One end of each flexible thin plate is connected to the bracket column, and a small magnet is installed at the other end. Hall elements are installed on the left and right ends of the T-shaped bracket; the installed Hall element is directly above the small magnet, the two are parallel to each other, and the initial distance is known; the height of the T-shaped bracket is adjusted to place the scallop directly below the flexible thin plate. The flexible thin plate is thin and has good flexibility to meet the opening and closing movement of the shellfish bivalve to drive the movement of the flexible thin plate. Based on the Hall effect, the change in the opening and closing amplitude of the shellfish bivalve causes a change in the magnetic field, and the target signal is connected to the host computer through the data acquisition module. In actual measurement, several columns are usually set around the shellfish to prevent the shellfish from wandering away from the monitoring. After the setting, it should still be ensured that the shellfish has a certain space to move.

[0040] The usual method is based on the Hall effect. When the scallop shells open and close, the magnetic field between the magnet in contact with the shells and the Hall element changes, causing the output voltage to change. The voltage signal is collected through a multi-channel data acquisition system, and the linear relationship between the unit voltage and the opening and closing distance of the shells is analyzed. The change in voltage over time is converted into the displacement change of the scallop shells, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the scallop shell movement.

[0041] S2. Build a scallop bivalve opening and closing movement monitoring device to monitor 16 scallops. Randomly select 16 scallops from the population of Yezo scallops and measure the body size parameters of the scallops, including weight and shell width. shell M is the shell width of the scallop, which is the vertical distance when the scallop is placed horizontally (cm). This parameter is the shortest side of the three sides of the scallop body length, width and height, and is used to reflect the thickness of the scallop; tissue is the weight of scallop soft tissue before testing (g); the total weight of each scallop before testing M total The specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0042] Table 1

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] S3. Place the scallops to be tested in a water environment with the same temperature and aeration, and ensure that the environment for each scallop is the same to adapt to the survival of the scallops.

[0046] S4. The movement of the scallop valves drives the opening and closing of the two shells. Therefore, place the scallops to be tested in a non-invasive underwater biological sensor, and monitor the distance data of the opening and closing of the two shells of the scallops in real time. The data acquisition frequency is not less than 10 Hz, and the monitoring period is more than one week.

[0047] S5. Obtain the displacement change data of the movement of the two shells of each scallop, establish a two-dimensional coordinate system, and draw a displacement movement curve that changes with time. According to the curve, the period of one opening and closing of the two shells of the scallop is time T o , within this period, set the horizontal axis as time t i , and set the vertical axis as the corresponding distance h of the scallop shell at this moment i , set (t i , h i ) as a point in the two-dimensional coordinate system, and set its closest adjacent coordinates as (t i+1 , h i+1 ), and calculate the slope V of the movement curve at this moment i , and its formula is as follows:

[0048] V i =|h i+1 -h i | / |t i+1 -t i |

[0049] Calculate all the curve slopes within this T o period, and the maximum value represents the rate V of the opening and closing movement of the scallop this time o ;

[0050] S6. Statistically analyze the 10 groups of data with the highest valve movement rates of each scallop, and calculate their average rate V top ;

[0051] Statistically analyze the maximum valve movement rate V max of each scallop during the monitoring period.

[0052] S7. Calculate the survival potential coefficient C of each scallop according to the formula . sv .

[0053] When V top cannot be obtained, use V max to replace V top , and calculate the survival potential coefficient C of each scallop according to the formula . sv 1.

[0054] When M tissue, use the total weight M of each scallop before detection total to replace M tissue , according to the formula calculate the survival potential coefficient C of each scallop sv 2.

[0055] When V top and M tissue cannot be obtained, use V max , M total for replacement at the same time. According to the formula calculate the survival potential coefficient C of each scallop sv 3.

[0056] When C sv cannot be obtained, replace it with C sv 1, C sv 2 or C sv 3 in sequence.

[0057] The above parameter results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0058] Table 2

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] The C sv values between different shellfish calculated under the same formula are comparable.

[0062] Keep the environmental conditions unchanged, continuously raise the tested Patinopecten yessoensis until natural death, and record the survival time of all tested scallops, in hours (h), as shown in Table 3:

[0063] Table 3

[0064]

[0065] Calculate the correlation between the scallop survival potential coefficient and the scallop survival time. C sv is significantly positively correlated with the scallop survival time, with a correlation coefficient of 0.802, p < 0.001 ( Figure 5 ); C sv 1 is significantly positively correlated with the scallop survival time, with a correlation coefficient of 0.794, p < 0.001; C sv 2 is significantly positively correlated with the scallop survival time, with a correlation coefficient of 0.710, p < 0.01; C sv 3 is significantly positively correlated with the scallop survival time, with a correlation coefficient of 0.715, p < 0.01;

[0066] The scallop survival potential coefficient C calculated by the above method svIt is significantly positively correlated with the actual survival time of scallops, and when V top and M tissue cannot be obtained, the calculated scallop survival potential coefficients (C sv 1, C sv 2, C sv 3) are all significantly positively correlated with the scallop survival time. This indicates that the scallop survival potential coefficients calculated by this method can be used to evaluate the survival ability of scallops.

[0067] The larger the C sv value calculated by the above formula, the higher the comprehensive survival potential of the measured scallop.

[0068] It is reflected by the formula that V top , V max and W shell are the key variables affecting the estimation of the scallop survival potential coefficient. The above indicators are all positively correlated with the scallop survival potential, and measurement should be focused on in the work of shellfish breeding.

[0069] The present invention is a non-invasive and non-destructive detection of scallop indicators, and for the first time proposes a method for predicting the scallop survival potential by using the opening and closing movement of the scallop bivalve. The application of this method will help improve the survival rate of shellfish farming and provide a research basis for the future breeding and improved variety cultivation of bivalve shellfish including scallops.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the survival ability of scallops, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: S1. Pre-cultivate the scallop population to be detected to adapt it to the environment to be detected; S2. Before detection, measure the body size parameters of scallop individuals, including W shell which is the shell width of the scallop, M tissue which is the soft tissue weight of the scallop before detection, M total which is the total weight of each scallop before detection; S3. Place the scallops to be detected in a water environment with the same temperature and aeration, and the environment among the scallops to be measured is the same to adapt to the survival of scallops; S4. Since the scallop valves drive the opening and closing movement of the two shells, place the scallops in a non-invasive underwater biological sensor to monitor the distance data of the opening and closing of the two shells of the scallops in real time, and the data acquisition frequency is not less than 10 Hz; S5. Obtain the displacement change data of the opening and closing movement of the two shells of each scallop, establish a two-dimensional coordinate system, and draw a displacement movement curve changing with time; S6. Statistically analyze the top n groups of data with the highest bivalve opening and closing movement rates for each scallop, and calculate their average rate V top ; S7. Calculate the survival potential coefficient C of each scallop sv , and its formula is as follows: wherein: V top is the average value of the top n sets of data with the highest scallop bivalve opening and closing movement rates; W shell It is the width of the scallop shell, that is, the longitudinal vertical distance when the scallop is placed horizontally. This parameter is the shortest side among the three sides of the scallop body size in terms of length, width and height, and is used to reflect the thickness of the scallop. Obtained through experiments, the scallop survival potential coefficient C sv is significantly positively correlated with the scallop survival time.

2. The method for evaluating the survival ability of scallops according to claim 1, characterized in that, V top 、V max and W shell are positively correlated with the scallop survival potential coefficient and are key variables affecting the estimation of the scallop survival potential coefficient. V max is the maximum value of the valve movement rate of each scallop during the monitoring period.

3. The method for evaluating the survival ability of scallops according to claim 1, characterized in that, According to the displacement motion curve, the period of one opening and closing of the scallop's two shells is time T o , within this period, the horizontal axis is set as time t i , and the vertical axis is set as the corresponding distance h between the scallop's two shells at this moment i , taking (t i , h i ) as a point in the two-dimensional coordinate system, and its adjacent coordinates are set as (t i+1 , h i+1 ), calculate the slope V of the displacement motion curve at this moment i , and its formula is as follows: V i = |h i+1 - h i | / |t i+1 - t i | Calculate the T o The slopes of all displacement motion curves within the period, and the maximum value represents the rate V of the scallop's shell opening and closing motion this time o .

4. The method for evaluating the survival ability of scallops according to claim 2, characterized in that, Keep the environmental conditions unchanged and continuously monitor the scallops to be measured for more than 7 days, and calculate the C value of each scallop to be measured. sv The larger the calculated C sv value, the stronger the predicted survival ability of the scallop.

5. The method for evaluating the survival ability of scallops according to claim 1, characterized in that, When V cannot be obtained top , use V max to replace V top , where V max is the maximum value of the valve movement rate of each scallop during the monitoring period. Calculate the survival potential coefficient C of each scallop according to the formula C sv 1, and C sv 1 has a significant positive correlation with the survival time of scallops; When M cannot be obtained tissue , the total weight M of each scallop before detection is used total to replace v tissue , and according to the formula the survival potential coefficient C of each scallop is calculated sv 2, C sv 2 has a significant positive correlation with the survival time of scallops; When V top and M tissue cannot be obtained, use V max and M total for substitution simultaneously. Calculate the survival potential coefficient C of each scallop according to the formula. sv C sv 3 is significantly positively correlated with the survival time of scallops. When C cannot be obtained sv , use C sv 1, C sv 2 or C sv 3 to replace it in turn.

6. The method for evaluating the survival ability of scallops according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-invasive underwater biological sensor unit includes a T-shaped bracket and two flexible thin plates. The height of the T-shaped bracket is adjustable. One end of each flexible thin plate is connected to the bracket column, and a small magnet is installed at the other end. Hall elements are installed at the left and right ends of the T-shaped bracket; after installation, the Hall elements are directly above the small magnets, and the two are parallel to each other, and the initial distance is known; Adjust the height of the T-shaped bracket so that the scallops are placed directly below the flexible thin plates. Based on the Hall effect, the change in the opening and closing amplitude of the two shells of the shellfish drives the movement of the flexible thin plates, causing a magnetic field change, and the target signal is connected to the upper computer through the data acquisition module.

Images