Bit device for polygon drilling and its usage method

Abstract

The present application discloses a drill bit device for polygonal drilling, including a polygonal frame, a cutting system and a drill bit assembly. The polygonal frame includes a plurality of frame side monomers, and the plurality of frame side monomers are sequentially connected end to end to form a polygonal ring structure with a hollow area. One cutting system is arranged on each frame side monomer, and the cutting trajectories of the plurality of cutting systems are connected end to end on the horizontal plane to form a polygon; the drill bit assembly is connected to the polygonal frame, and the projection of the drill bit assembly on the horizontal plane is located within the polygon. The cutting system cuts out the polygonal drilling shape, and then the drill bit assembly is used to break the core to obtain a polygonal drilling structure. The polygonal drilling structure has sharp corners, and the limited expansion energy can be concentrated at the sharp corner positions by using the sharp corner stress concentration effect, so that cracks can be effectively generated. The present application also provides a usage method of the drill bit device for polygonal drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of underground rock formation drilling, and specifically relates to a drill bit device for polygon drilling and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] The static crushing excavation technology has been widely used due to its advantages such as a tiny disturbance range and a slight disturbance degree to the surrounding rock. The main purpose of static crushing and rock splitting is to create an appropriate amount of through cracks in the soft rock formation in the excavation area, weaken the integrity of the soft rock formation, and make it reach a level where mechanical excavation can be carried out normally.

[0003] During the construction process of the static crushing excavation technology, it is necessary to first drill holes in the soft rock formation, and then pour the static crusher agent into the holes, and use the expansion energy of the static crusher to split the soft rock formation to form cracks. However, the existing drill bits all drill circular holes, and the expansion energy is evenly dispersed in the holes, resulting in a small expansion energy at each part of the hole and unable to effectively generate cracks.

[0004] Therefore, it is really necessary to provide a drill bit device for polygon drilling and its usage method to solve the problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of this application is to provide a drill bit device for polygon drilling and its usage method. By using the cutting system to cut out a polygon drilling shape, and then using the drill bit assembly to break the core rock, a polygon drilling structure can be obtained. The polygon drilling structure has sharp corners, and by using the stress concentration effect of the sharp corners, the limited expansion energy can be concentrated at the sharp corner positions, which can effectively generate cracks.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0007] A drill bit device for polygon drilling, comprising:

[0008] A polygon frame, including a plurality of frame side monomers, and the plurality of frame side monomers are sequentially connected end to end to form a polygon ring structure with a hollow area;

[0009] A cutting system, with one cutting system provided on each frame side monomer, and the cutting trajectories of the plurality of cutting systems are connected end to end in the projection on the horizontal plane to form a polygon;

[0010] A drill bit assembly, connected to the polygon frame, and the projection of the drill bit assembly on the horizontal plane is located inside the polygon.

[0011] Preferably, the frame-side monomer includes a bottom plate, a top plate, and a back plate. The top plate is parallel and spaced from the bottom plate. The back plate connects the bottom plate and the top plate and cooperates with the bottom plate and the top plate to form a U-shaped groove body. The opening of the U-shaped groove body faces away from the hollow region.

[0012] Preferably, the cutting system includes a lateral displacement assembly, an inclination adjustment motor, and a water jet assembly. The lateral displacement assembly is received in the groove body and fixed to the back plate. The inclination adjustment motor is mounted on the lateral displacement assembly. The water jet assembly is mounted on the inclination adjustment motor. The lateral displacement assembly drives the inclination adjustment motor to move horizontally back and forth. When the inclination adjustment motor moves to the starting position or the ending position in any direction, the inclination adjustment motor drives the water jet assembly to rotate, changing the inclination of the water jet assembly, so that the projections of the cutting trajectories of the plurality of water jet assemblies on the horizontal plane are closed to form the polygon.

[0013] Preferably, the cutting surface formed by the rotational movement of the water jet assembly and the cutting surface formed by its horizontal reciprocating movement are in the same plane.

[0014] Preferably, the lateral displacement assembly includes a displacement drive motor, a lead screw, and a nut. The displacement drive motor drives the lead screw to rotate, driving the nut to move along the axis direction of the lead screw. The inclination adjustment motor is fixed to the nut.

[0015] Preferably, the water jet assembly includes a water jet fixing platform, a main water outlet pipe, and an auxiliary water outlet pipe. The water jet fixing platform is connected to the output shaft of the inclination adjustment motor. The main water outlet pipe is fixed to the water jet fixing platform. The main water outlet pipe is communicated with an external high-pressure water source. The auxiliary water outlet pipe is incorporated into the main water outlet pipe and communicated with the main water outlet pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the angle between the main water outlet pipe and the vertical direction is 0-5°, and the angle between the auxiliary water outlet pipe and the main water outlet pipe is 0-45°.

[0017] Preferably, the drill bit assembly includes a connecting shaft, a bearing, and a drill bit. One end of the connecting shaft is fixed to the drill pipe, and the other end is fixed to the drill bit. The bearing is sleeved around the connecting shaft. The connecting shaft can rotate freely within the bearing. The bearing is mounted in the hollow region and fixed to the polygon frame.

[0018] Preferably, it further includes a housing, the housing includes a top cover plate and side baffles, the top cover plate and the side baffles cooperate to enclose a receiving space, the polygonal frame is received in the receiving space, the top cover plate is fixed to the top plate, the side baffles are respectively arranged on the periphery of the frame side monomers, a long hole is penetrated through each side baffle, an output shaft of the inclination adjustment motor passes through the long hole and is connected to the water jet fixing platform, a length of the long hole is not less than a stroke length of the inclination adjustment motor in a single direction, a through hole is penetrated through the top cover plate, and the connecting shaft passes through the through hole and is connected to the drill rod.

[0019] The present application also provides a usage method of the above-mentioned drill bit device for polygonal drilling, including the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Survey the construction site, clean the surface of the site and level the site, drill exploration holes, and use acoustic detection to determine the occurrence of primary fissures in the soft rock layer;

[0021] Step 2: Design a polygonal drill hole according to the occurrence of primary fissures in the soft rock layer, the sharp angle of the drill hole is aligned with the primary fissure and faces the extension direction of the primary fissure, and mark the position of the drill hole on the surface of the site;

[0022] Step 3: Assemble the drill bit device for polygonal drilling, make the shape of the polygonal frame match the hole shape designed in Step 2, and align the polygonal frame with the marked position of the drill hole;

[0023] Step 4: The cutting system cuts out the polygonal drill hole shape, and the drill bit assembly breaks the core formed by cutting;

[0024] Step 5: Gradually lower the drill rod until the depth of the drill hole reaches the designed depth to complete the drill hole process;

[0025] Step 6: Take out the drill bit device for polygonal drilling, mix the static crack agent and warm water in a ratio of 3:1, and pour it into the drill hole within ten minutes until the drill hole is filled;

[0026] Step 7: Wait for several hours after loading the static crack agent, the rock layer will form a fracture network, and then use large machinery to loosen the rock mass to complete the crushing process.

[0027] The present application provides a drill bit device for polygonal drilling and its usage method. The cutting system cuts out the polygonal drill hole shape, and then the drill bit assembly breaks the core, so as to obtain a polygonal drill hole structure. The polygonal drill hole structure has sharp angles, and the limited expansion energy can be concentrated at the sharp angle positions by using the sharp angle stress concentration effect, which can effectively generate cracks. Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 It is a three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of a drill bit device for polygon drilling provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is Figure 1 The exploded structural schematic diagram of the drill bit device for polygon drilling shown;

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 2 The three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cutting system shown;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the lateral displacement process of the cutting system;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the rotation process of the cutting system;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a triangular frame;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a quadrilateral frame;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pentagonal frame;

[0036] Figure 9 It is a layout schematic diagram of the drill holes. Specific embodiments

[0037] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1-9 , the present invention provides a drill bit device 100 for polygon drilling, including a polygon frame 10, a cutting system 20, a drill bit assembly 30, and a housing 40.

[0039] The polygon frame 10 includes a plurality of frame - side monomers 11, and the plurality of frame - side monomers 11 are sequentially connected end to end to form a polygon ring structure with a hollow region 12. The number of the frame - side monomers 11 can be selected according to actual needs. Please refer to Figures 6-8 , Figure 6 in which is a triangular frame, Figure 7 in which is a quadrilateral frame, Figure 8 in which is a pentagonal frame.

[0040] The frame side monomer 11 includes a bottom plate 111, a top plate 112, and a back plate 113. The top plate 112 is parallel and spaced apart from the bottom plate 111. The back plate 113 connects the bottom plate 111 and the top plate 112, and cooperates with the bottom plate 111 and the top plate 112 to form a U-shaped groove body. The opening of the U-shaped groove body faces away from the hollow region 12.

[0041] One cutting system 20 is provided on each of the frame side monomers 11. The cutting system 20 is used to cut the soft rock layer to form the shape of a drill hole. The projections of the cutting trajectories of the multiple cutting systems 20 on the horizontal plane are connected end to end to enclose a polygon. The projection of the drill bit assembly 30 on the horizontal plane is located within the polygon. The drill bit assembly 30 is used to break the rock core formed by the cutting system 20.

[0042] The cutting system 20 includes a lateral displacement assembly 21, an inclination adjustment motor 22, and a water jet assembly 23. The inclination adjustment motor 22 is installed on the lateral displacement assembly 21. The water jet assembly 23 is connected to the output shaft of the inclination adjustment motor 22. The lateral displacement assembly 21 drives the inclination adjustment motor 22 to move horizontally back and forth. When the inclination adjustment motor 22 moves to the starting position or the ending position in any direction, the inclination adjustment motor 22 drives the water jet assembly 23 to rotate, changing the inclination of the water jet assembly 23, so that the projections of the cutting trajectories of the multiple water jet assemblies 23 on the horizontal plane are closed to form the polygon. The cutting surface formed by the rotational movement of the water jet assembly 23 and the cutting surface formed by its horizontal reciprocating movement are in the same plane.

[0043] The movement process of the water jet assembly 23 is divided into two parts. One part is the horizontal linear movement driven by the lateral displacement assembly 21, and the other part is the rotational movement driven by the inclination adjustment motor 22. Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in this embodiment, the polygon frame 10 is a triangular frame. Figure 4 shows the lateral displacement process of one water jet assembly 23. The solid line represents the initial position of the water jet assembly 23, and the dashed line represents the ending position of the water jet assembly 23. When the water jet assembly 23 moves horizontally from the initial position to the ending position, the generated cutting trajectory is A 1 , similarly, the cutting trajectories generated by the remaining two water jet assemblies 23 are B 1 、C 1 .

[0044] Figure 5 shows the rotation process of the water jet assembly 23. At the ending position, the water jet assembly 23 rotates a certain angle to the right, so that the cutting trajectory A 1can be extended to the right to obtain the cutting trajectory A 2 ; at the initial position, the water jet assembly 23 rotates to the left by a certain angle so that the left side of the cutting trajectory A 1 can be extended to obtain the cutting trajectory A 3 ; similarly, the left side of the cutting trajectory B 1 can be extended to obtain the cutting trajectory B 2 , and the right side can obtain the cutting trajectory B 3 ; the left side of the cutting trajectory C 1 can be extended to obtain the cutting trajectory C 2 , and the right side can obtain the cutting trajectory C 3 ; by adjusting the rotation angle of the water jet assembly 23, A 2 and B 3 can intersect to form a sharp angle, B 2 and C 3 can intersect to form a sharp angle, C 2 and A 3 can intersect to form a sharp angle, and thus the entire cutting trajectory forms a closed triangle.

[0045] The adjustment inclination time of the water jet assembly 23 can be controlled by a preset program. For example, calculate the duration required for the water jet assembly 23 to move from the initial position to the termination position, and then use this duration as a cycle to perform intermittent inclination adjustment; sensors can also be set at the initial position and the termination position of the stroke. When the sensors detect that the water jet assembly appears at the initial position and the termination position, the inclination adjustment motor 22 is controlled to work to adjust the inclination of the water jet assembly 23. It should be noted that after the inclination of the water jet assembly 23 is adjusted to the preset angle, it is also necessary to return to the original position and perform a horizontal linear motion to make the water jet assembly 23 move back.

[0046] The lateral displacement assembly 21 is received in the groove body and fixed to the back plate 113. The upper part of the lateral displacement assembly 21 is shielded by the top plate 112, and the lower part is shielded by the bottom plate 111, which can reduce the impact of soft rock fragments.

[0047] The lateral displacement assembly 21 includes a displacement drive motor 211, a lead screw 212 and a nut 213. The two ends of the lead screw 212 are fixed to the back plate 113 through bearing seats. The displacement drive motor 211 drives the lead screw 212 to rotate, driving the nut 213 to reciprocate along the axis direction of the lead screw 212, and the inclination adjustment motor 22 is fixed to the nut 213.

[0048] The water jet assembly 23 includes a water jet fixing platform 231, a main water outlet pipe 232, and an auxiliary water outlet pipe 233. The water jet fixing platform 231 is connected to the output shaft of the inclination adjustment motor 22. The main water outlet pipe 232 is fixed to the water jet fixing platform 231. The main water outlet pipe 232 is communicated with an external high-pressure water source. The auxiliary water outlet pipe 233 is incorporated into the main water outlet pipe 232 and communicated with the main water outlet pipe 232. After high-pressure water bodies are injected into the main water outlet pipe 232 and the auxiliary water outlet pipe 233, a cutting effect is formed on the soft rock stratum.

[0049] Preferably, the angle between the main water outlet pipe 232 and the vertical direction is 0-5°, and the angle between the auxiliary water outlet pipe 233 and the main water outlet pipe 232 is 0-45°. An inclination angle is formed between the main water outlet pipe 232 and the vertical direction, which can ensure that the width of the cutting seam is greater than the diameter of the main water outlet pipe 232, avoiding the main water outlet pipe 232 from being stuck during the cutting process. The auxiliary water outlet pipe 233 is used to remove the residual rock mass, making the surface of the cutting seam smooth and facilitating the subsequent formation of a complete polygonal drill hole.

[0050] The drill bit assembly 30 includes a connecting shaft 31, a bearing 32, and a drill bit 33. One end of the connecting shaft 31 is fixed to the drill pipe, and the other end is fixed to the drill bit 33. The bearing 32 is sleeved around the connecting shaft 31. The connecting shaft 31 can rotate freely within the bearing 32. The bearing 32 is installed in the hollow region 12 and fixed to the polygonal frame 10. The drill pipe rotates under the action of a driving force, driving the connecting shaft 31 and the drill bit 33 to rotate.

[0051] The housing 40 includes a top cover plate 41 and side baffle plates 42. The top cover plate 41 and the side baffle plates 42 cooperate to enclose a receiving space. The polygonal frame 10 is received in the receiving space. The top cover plate 41 is fixed to the top plate 112. The side baffle plates 42 are respectively arranged on the periphery of the frame side monomers 11. A long hole 420 is penetrated through each side baffle plate 42. The output shaft of the inclination adjustment motor 22 passes through the long hole 420 and is connected to the water jet fixing platform 231. The length of the long hole 420 is not less than the stroke length of the nut 213. A through hole 410 is penetrated through the top cover plate 41. The connecting shaft 31 passes through the through hole 410 and is connected to the drill pipe.

[0052] The housing 40 is used to cover other parts of the drill bit device, mainly playing a protective role to prevent the crushed stones from impacting the drill bit device during the drilling process.

[0053] The present invention also provides a usage method of the above-mentioned drill bit device 100 for polygonal drilling, including the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Survey the construction site, clean the surface of the site and level it, drill exploration holes, and use acoustic detection to determine the occurrence of primary fractures in the soft rock formation;

[0055] Step 2: Design polygonal drill holes according to the occurrence of primary fractures in the soft rock formation. The sharp corners of the drill holes are aligned with the primary fractures and face the extension direction of the primary fractures, and mark the positions of the drill holes on the surface of the site;

[0056] The design of the drill holes includes the hole shape, depth, aperture, and the spacing of hole layout. Please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 In, the hole shape of the drill hole 200 is designed as a triangle, and one angle of the triangle is aligned with the primary fracture 300 and faces the extension direction of the primary fracture 300. When the distribution of the primary fractures is relatively scattered, one drill hole can be arranged for one primary fracture; when the distribution of the primary fractures is relatively dense, multiple primary fractures can share one drill hole.

[0057] Step 3: Assemble the drill bit device 100 for polygonal drill holes, make the shape of the polygonal frame 10 match the hole shape designed in Step 2, and align the polygonal frame 10 with the marked position of the drill hole;

[0058] Step 4: The cutting system 20 cuts out the polygonal drill hole shape, and the drill bit assembly 30 breaks the cut core;

[0059] Step 5: Gradually lower the drill pipe until the depth of the drill hole reaches the designed depth to complete the drilling process;

[0060] Step 6: Remove the drill bit device 100, mix the static crack agent and warm water in a ratio of 3:1, and pour it into the drill hole within ten minutes until the drill hole is full;

[0061] Step 7: Wait for several hours after loading the static crack agent. Fracture networks will form in the rock formation, and then use large machinery to loosen the rock mass to complete the crushing process.

[0062] In the polygonal drill hole 200, adjacent two sides intersect to form sharp corners. After injecting the static crack agent, by using the sharp corner stress concentration effect, the limited expansion energy can be concentrated at the sharp corner positions of the drill hole 200, and cracks can be generated at the sharp corner positions of the drill hole 200, improving the energy utilization rate of static crushing, so as to enhance the directional crushing ability and crushing efficiency of the static crushing technology. The newly generated cracks gradually grow towards the direction of the primary fractures under the expansion force, and continue to extend and grow after converging with the primary fractures, achieving the purpose of reducing the integrity and strength of the soft rock formation.

[0063] The embodiments of the present application have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present application, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope protected by the claims, and all of them fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A drill bit device for polygon drilling, characterized in that, it includes: A polygon frame, including a plurality of frame side monomers, and the plurality of frame side monomers are sequentially connected end to end to form a polygon ring structure with a hollow area; A cutting system, with one cutting system arranged on each frame side monomer, and the projections of the cutting trajectories of the plurality of cutting systems on the horizontal plane are connected end to end to form a polygon; A drill bit assembly, connected to the polygon frame, and the projection of the drill bit assembly on the horizontal plane is located inside the polygon; The frame side monomer includes a bottom plate, a top plate and a back plate, the top plate is parallel and spaced from the bottom plate, the back plate connects the bottom plate and the top plate, and cooperates with the bottom plate and the top plate to form a U-shaped groove body, and the opening of the U-shaped groove body faces away from the side of the hollow area; The cutting system includes a lateral displacement assembly, an inclination adjustment motor and a water jet assembly. The lateral displacement assembly is housed in the groove body and fixed to the back plate. The inclination adjustment motor is installed on the lateral displacement assembly, and the water jet assembly is installed on the inclination adjustment motor. The lateral displacement assembly drives the inclination adjustment motor to move horizontally back and forth. When the inclination adjustment motor moves to the starting position or the ending position in any direction, the inclination adjustment motor drives the water jet assembly to rotate, changing the inclination of the water jet assembly, so that the projections of the cutting trajectories of the plurality of water jet assemblies on the horizontal plane are closed to form the polygon; The lateral displacement assembly includes a displacement drive motor, a lead screw and a nut. The displacement drive motor drives the lead screw to rotate, driving the nut to move along the axis direction of the lead screw; the inclination adjustment motor is fixed to the nut; The water jet assembly includes a water jet fixed platform, a main water outlet pipe and an auxiliary water outlet pipe. The water jet fixed platform is connected to the output shaft of the inclination adjustment motor, the main water outlet pipe is fixed to the water jet fixed platform, the main water outlet pipe is communicated with an external high-pressure water source, and the auxiliary water outlet pipe is incorporated into the main water outlet pipe and communicated with the main water outlet pipe.

2. The drill bit device for polygon drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting surface formed by the rotational movement of the water jet assembly and the cutting surface formed by its horizontal reciprocating movement are located in the same plane.

3. The drill bit device for polygon drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the main water outlet pipe and the vertical direction is 0-5°, and the included angle between the auxiliary water outlet pipe and the main water outlet pipe is 0-45°.

4. The drill bit device for polygon drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drill bit assembly includes a connecting shaft, a bearing and a drill bit. One end of the connecting shaft is fixed to the drill pipe, and the other end is fixed to the drill bit. The bearing is sleeved on the periphery of the connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft can rotate freely in the bearing. The bearing is installed in the hollow area and fixed to the polygon frame.

5. The drill bit device for polygon drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that, It further includes a housing, which includes a top cover plate and side baffles. The top cover plate and the side baffles cooperate to enclose a receiving space. The polygonal frame is received in the receiving space. The top cover plate is fixed to the top plate. The side baffles are respectively arranged on the periphery of the frame side monomers. A long hole is penetrated through each side baffle. The output shaft of the inclination adjustment motor passes through the long hole and is connected to the water jet fixing platform. The length of the long hole is not less than the stroke length of the inclination adjustment motor in a single direction. A through hole is penetrated through the top cover plate. The connecting shaft passes through the through hole and is connected to the drill pipe.

6. A method for using a drill bit device for polygonal drilling according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Survey the construction site, clean the surface of the site and level it, drill exploration holes, and use acoustic detection to determine the occurrence of primary fractures in the soft rock layer; Step 2: Design a polygonal drill hole according to the occurrence of the primary fractures in the soft rock layer. The sharp corners of the drill hole are aligned with the primary fractures and face the extension direction of the primary fractures, and mark the position of the drill hole on the surface of the site; Step 3: Assemble the drill bit device for polygonal drilling, so that the shape of the polygonal frame matches the hole shape designed in Step 2, and align the polygonal frame with the marked position of the drill hole; Step 4: The cutting system cuts out the polygonal drill hole shape, and the drill bit assembly breaks the core formed by cutting; Step 5: Gradually lower the drill pipe until the depth of the drill hole reaches the designed depth to complete the drill hole process; Step 6: Take out the drill bit device for polygonal drilling, mix the static crack agent and warm water in a ratio of 3:1, and pour it into the drill hole within ten minutes until the drill hole is full; Step 7: Wait for several hours after loading the static crack agent. Fracture networks will form in the rock layer, and then use large machinery to loosen the rock mass to complete the crushing process.

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