A segment removing method under a shield preceding station condition

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a pipe piece removing method under the condition of shield first passing through a station, and the method comprises the following specific steps: erecting a frame body and excavating earthwork: I14 H-shaped steel is used to erect a support frame body in the shield tunnel, after the support frame body is erected, the pipe pieces are removed according to the principle of'removing the pipe pieces from top to bottom and symmetrically taking the tunnel center as an axis', the removal operation is removed from both ends of the station to the middle through the reserved holes, the earthwork is excavated layer by layer, the pipe piece assembling line of the removal part is exposed, after the excavation is completed, a walking operation platform is arranged on the top of the middle plate; the first ring pipe piece is removed by taking advantage of the large operation space of the reserved hole on the middle plate, the longitudinal pre-tightening force of the pipe piece is released to a great extent, so that the subsequent pipe piece removal is facilitated, and the walking gantry operation platform on the middle plate is used to put down the lifting tool through the hole, the removal device is simple, the removal efficiency is high, and large mechanical equipment is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically a method for segment removal under the condition that the shield tunnel passes through the station first. Background Technology

[0002] Subway station construction typically employs the PBA (Punch-and-Shield) method, a four-pilot tunnel excavation technique. After the pilot tunnels, retaining piles at the station ends, side piles on both sides, and central piles and steel pipe columns are completed, a tunnel boring machine (TBM) advances through the station. Following the TBM's passage, earthwork excavation and structural construction continue. This method effectively resolves conflicts between the planning of the subway tunnel section and the station construction, ensuring that the planning and scheduling of the tunnel and the station construction are completely independent.

[0003] When the station is constructed using the tunnel-pile method with four pilot tunnels, the shield tunnel will pass through the station after the construction of the pilot tunnels, the retaining piles at the station ends, the side piles on both sides of the station, and the central piles and steel pipe columns in the middle is completed. After the shield tunnel passes through, the earthwork excavation and structural construction of the station will continue. The shield tunnel is located on the second basement level of the station. During the earthwork excavation and structural construction of the second basement level, it is necessary to remove the shield tunnel segments.

[0004] Given the condition that the tunnel boring machine passes through the station first, it is necessary to remove the tunnel segments during the earthwork excavation and structural construction on the second basement level of the station. Since the station structure and the middle slab on the first basement level have already been formed at this time, removing the tunnel segments on the second basement level would be difficult due to the limited working space.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a method for segment removal under the condition that the tunnel boring machine passes through the station first. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a method for segment removal under the condition of shield tunneling passing through the station first, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0008] S1. Erecting the frame and excavating the earthwork: I14 I-beams are used to erect a support frame inside the shield tunnel. After the support frame is erected, the segments are dismantled according to the principle of "segment dismantling from top to bottom with the tunnel center as the axis of symmetry". The dismantling operation starts from both ends of the station and moves towards the middle through the reserved holes. The earthwork is excavated in layers to expose the segment assembly line at the dismantling location. After the excavation is completed, a traveling work platform is set up on the top of the middle plate and a reserved opening is made on the middle plate.

[0009] S2. First Ring Segment Removal: Following the "Capping Block ( Figure 2 (C-type tube segment) → 2 adjacent blocks ( Figure 2 (Type B1 and Type B2 tunnel segments) → 3 standard blocks ( Figure 2 The tunnel segments are dismantled in the order of "A-shaped segments". A drilling rig is used to drill holes in the capping block. An I-beam is installed above the reserved opening in the middle plate. A steel wire rope is installed and tightened when ready to lift. Then the longitudinal bolts of the tunnel segment and the circumferential bolts connecting the capping block and the adjacent block are removed. The capping block is slowly lifted. After the tunnel segment is stable, the steel wire rope is pushed to the position of the transfer vehicle by the pushing device. Then the capping block is slowly slid down along the outside of the shield tunnel segment, placed on the transfer vehicle and transported to the construction shaft for lifting.

[0010] S3. Removal of remaining tunnel segments:

[0011] S3.1. Setting hoisting holes on the middle plate: Drill strip-shaped holes with a diameter of 100mm at the projection position on the middle plate along the axis formed by connecting the center points of the capping block segments;

[0012] S3.2, Removal of the capping block: First, holes need to be drilled in the capping block. The drilling machine is used to drill through the hole, and the steel wire rope is passed through the drilled hole in the segment. Then, the steel wire rope with rope buckle is connected to the chain hoist. When ready to lift, the steel wire rope is tightened. Then, the longitudinal bolts and the circumferential bolts connected to the adjacent block are removed. After lifting slowly, the segment is pushed to the position of the transfer vehicle by the pushing assembly, and then the segment is transferred to the transfer vehicle next to it.

[0013] S3.3, Adjacent Block Removal: The steel wire rope is led through the drill hole by the traveling work platform above the reserved hoisting hole of the middle plate, and the adjacent block is slowly lifted up. After the segment is stable, the segment is pushed to the position of the transfer vehicle by the pushing component. Then, the steel wire rope is controlled to slowly descend and the segment is placed on the transfer vehicle and transported to the construction shaft for hoisting.

[0014] S3.4 Standard block removal: The removal method is the same as that for adjacent segment blocks;

[0015] S4. Recycling: Screen and test the dismantled tunnel segments. Segments that pass the test can be recycled.

[0016] Preferably, the specific steps of the segment displacement method are as follows:

[0017] S11: After passing the end of the wire rope without the buckle through the pushing device, continue to pass through the drilled hole on the segment;

[0018] S12: Hang both ends of the wire rope on the chain hoist, use the lifting equipment to fix the wire rope, and prepare for lifting. During the preparation for lifting, tighten the wire rope and remove the longitudinal and circumferential bolts on the segment.

[0019] S13: Slowly pull the wire rope to lift the tunnel segment. Once the segment reaches the desired height, push it to the position of the transfer vehicle using a pushing device. Then, slowly lower the wire rope so that the segment is placed on the transfer vehicle and the lifting device is removed.

[0020] Preferably, the specific steps of the lifting device and installation method are as follows:

[0021] S21: Use a steel wire rope with a nominal diameter of 36mm and a rope buckle at one end as a lifting tool. First, insert the end of the steel wire rope without the rope buckle into the borehole from the outside of one of the pipe segments.

[0022] S22: After the wire rope is inserted into the drill hole, the wire rope is passed out from the inside to the outside through the drill hole of another segment, and a wire rope clip is installed at the corresponding rope buckle position to fix the wire rope.

[0023] Preferably, the pushing device in S2 includes a support frame; a fixed base plate is detachably installed at the bottom of the support frame; a pushing plate is slidably connected inside the support frame; a threaded fixing rod is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame; a fixing block is threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded fixing rod; rope passage holes are opened inside the support frame, the threaded fixing rod, and the pushing plate; a drive motor is installed on the side wall of the support frame, and a threaded push rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor; two anti-detachment blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the pushing plate; the anti-detachment blocks are threadedly connected inside the threaded push rod; a positioning rod is fixedly connected inside the support frame; another anti-detachment block is slidably connected to the outside of the positioning rod; during operation, after the wire rope passes through the reserved hole, the wire rope can be passed through the rope passage hole inside the threaded fixing rod, and then the threaded fixing rod is placed on top of the middle plate through the hole, thereby rotating the fixing block, and the threaded fixing rod is moved through the contact between the fixing block and the middle plate. After fixing, when it is necessary to push the wire rope to the position of the transfer vehicle, the drive motor can be started, causing the drive motor to drive the threaded push rod to rotate, controlling the push plate to slide to both sides, so that the push plate pushes the wire rope to the position of the transfer vehicle. When the push plate moves to the corresponding position of the transfer vehicle, the wire rope can be controlled to descend, so that the segment falls onto the transfer vehicle. The structural design of driving the push plate to move, thereby driving the wire rope to the position of the transfer vehicle, and then controlling the descent of the wire rope to let the segment fall into the transfer vehicle, realizes the function of making the transfer of segments more convenient. It effectively solves the problem that operators are prone to falling and colliding when pushing the segments manually. At the same time, the push device pushes the wire rope, which reduces the friction between the wire rope and the boundary of the reserved hole, effectively reducing the wear and tear that could lead to wire rope breakage. The fixed base plate can be installed by bolt connection.

[0024] Preferably, both the support frame and the push plate are internally connected to deflection plates via torsion springs; the deflection plates are positioned on both sides of the corresponding rope passage hole; anti-wear rollers are rotatably connected to the deflection plates; the anti-wear rollers have an inverted spindle shape design; during operation, when the wire rope deflects due to the sliding of the push plate, the wire rope will push the deflection plates to deflect, thereby reducing wear between the wire rope and the boundary of the rope passage hole through the pushing action of the deflection plates and the anti-wear rollers. At the same time, the rotation of the anti-wear rollers reduces the sliding friction between the wire rope and the deflection plates, resulting in less wear between them. Furthermore, the inverted spindle shape design of the anti-wear rollers effectively reduces the deflection of the wire rope.

[0025] Preferably, a plurality of reinforcing plates are fixedly connected to the side wall of the deflection plate; the reinforcing plates are located on the side of the deflection plate away from the rope hole; stabilizing grooves are provided on the side walls of both the support frame and the push plate; the stabilizing grooves are located at the positions of the corresponding reinforcing plates; during operation, by providing reinforcing plates on the side wall of the deflection plate, the structural strength of the deflection plate can be effectively increased. During the process of the deflection plate being pushed and deflected, the reinforcing plates can effectively prevent the deflection plate from being subjected to excessive pushing force, which could cause the deflection plate to bend. At the same time, when the deflection plate is pushed and fits against the side wall of the support frame and the push plate, the reinforcing plates will be engaged in the interior of the stabilizing grooves. The engagement of the reinforcing plates by the stabilizing grooves can make the deflection plate more stable when it is pushed and deflected, and reduce the occurrence of tilting.

[0026] Preferably, a push block is rotatably connected inside the stabilizing groove via a torsion spring; an oil cavity is provided inside the support frame, and a push plate is slidably connected inside the oil cavity; a connecting rod is fixedly connected between the push block and the push plate; the shapes of the push plate and the connecting rod are corresponding to the rotation path of the push block; an oil injection pipe is provided between the oil cavity and the outside; an oil guide pipe is provided at the position of the oil cavity and the corresponding threaded push rod; during operation, when the reinforcing plate is inserted into the stabilizing groove, the reinforcing plate will push the push block, which will cause the push plate to slide into the oil cavity, thereby allowing the lubricating oil inside the oil cavity to flow out through the oil guide pipe and drip onto the surface of the threaded push rod, lubricating the threaded push rod and the anti-detachment block, which can effectively avoid the large friction between the threaded push rod and the anti-detachment block, which would prevent the threaded push rod from rotating inside the anti-detachment block and cause the anti-detachment block to get stuck.

[0027] Preferably, a sliding block is slidably connected inside the anti-disengagement block corresponding to the threaded push rod; the threaded push rod is threadedly connected inside the sliding block; during operation, if the threaded push rod tilts under pressure during rotation, and continues to rotate, the threaded push rod will push the sliding block upward, causing the sliding block to collide with the top of the support frame, thus producing a sound to alert the operator. This allows for timely alerting of the operator when the threaded push rod tilts, effectively preventing damage to the threads inside the sliding block caused by the tilting of the threaded push rod.

[0028] Preferably, a plurality of diagonal ropes are fixedly connected between the anti-detachment block and the top of the push plate; one end of the diagonal rope corresponding to the push plate is arranged around the rope hole; a plurality of brackets are fixedly connected inside the fixed base plate; the bottom of the push plate is provided with a slot corresponding to the bracket; during operation, when the tube segment pulls the wire rope, causing the wire rope to exert pressure on the push plate, the diagonal ropes can pull and support the push plate, and the brackets can support the bottom of the push plate, thereby making the load-bearing capacity of the push plate stronger and reducing the possibility of deformation caused by pressure on the push plate. At the same time, when installing the fixed base plate, the push plate can be installed inside the support frame first, and then the brackets can be inserted into the slots at the bottom of the fixed base plate, which makes it easier to position the bolt holes at the bottom of the fixed base plate and the support frame, especially the bolts on the two sides perpendicular to the threaded push rod.

[0029] Preferably, a positioning block is fixedly connected to the top of the push plate; a positioning groove is provided inside the support frame; the positioning groove is set in a direction corresponding to the sliding direction of the push plate; during operation, when the push plate needs to be installed, by inserting the positioning block into the positioning groove, the situation of the push plate being installed backwards can be effectively avoided. At the same time, by positioning the positioning block through the positioning groove, the push plate can be made more stable during sliding.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. The present invention describes a method for dismantling tunnel segments under the condition of shield tunneling passing through the station first. By utilizing the advantage of the large working space of the pre-reserved holes on the middle plate, the first ring of tunnel segments is dismantled, which greatly releases the longitudinal pre-tension of the segments, so as to facilitate the dismantling of subsequent segments. At the same time, the traveling gantry platform on the middle plate is used to lower the lifting equipment through the drilled holes. The dismantling device is simple, the dismantling efficiency is high, and no large mechanical equipment is required.

[0032] 2. The method for dismantling tunnel segments under the condition of shield tunneling passing through the station described in this invention, by driving the push plate to move, thereby causing the push plate to move the wire rope to the position of the transfer vehicle, and then controlling the wire rope to descend so that the tunnel segments fall into the transfer vehicle, realizes the function of making the transfer of tunnel segments more convenient, and effectively solves the problem that the operator is prone to falling, collision and other dangers when pushing tunnel segments manually. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for removing the middle tunnel segments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the segment lining ring in this invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the segment support structure in this invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper side segment hoisting method in this invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lower side segment hoisting method in this invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the wire rope installation method in this invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the wire rope clamp in this invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the process for removing the first ring segment in this invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the process for removing the remaining tunnel segments in this invention;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the segment displacement method in this invention;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the lifting device and installation method in this invention;

[0045] Figure 12 This is a perspective view of the pushing device in this invention;

[0046] Figure 13 This is a front sectional view of the support frame in this invention;

[0047] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the push plate structure in this invention;

[0048] Figure 15 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the support frame in this invention;

[0049] Figure 16 yes Figure 11 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0050] Figure 17 This is a side sectional view of the support frame in this invention;

[0051] Figure 18 This is a partial structural diagram of the push plate in Embodiment 2.

[0052] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Fixed base plate; 3. Threaded fixing rod; 4. Fixing block; 5. Push plate; 6. Rope hole; 7. Threaded push rod; 8. Anti-detachment block; 9. Positioning rod; 10. Deflection plate; 11. Anti-wear roller; 12. Reinforcing plate; 13. Stabilizing groove; 14. Push block; 15. Push plate; 151. Oil guide pipe; 16. Connecting rod; 17. Sliding block; 18. Diagonal rope; 19. Bracket; 20. Positioning block. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a method for segment removal under the condition of shield tunneling passing through the station first, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0056] S1. Erecting the frame and excavating the earthwork: I14 I-beams are used to erect a support frame inside the shield tunnel. After the support frame is erected, the segments are dismantled according to the principle of "segment dismantling from top to bottom with the tunnel center as the axis of symmetry". The dismantling operation starts from both ends of the station and moves towards the middle through the reserved holes. The earthwork is excavated in layers to expose the segment assembly line at the dismantling location. After the excavation is completed, a traveling work platform is set up on the top of the middle plate and a reserved opening is made on the middle plate.

[0057] S2. First Ring Segment Removal: Following the "Capping Block ( Figure 2 (C-type tube segment) → 2 adjacent blocks ( Figure 2 (Type B1 and Type B2 tunnel segments) → 3 standard blocks ( Figure 2The tunnel segments are dismantled in the order of "A-shaped segments". A drilling rig is used to drill holes in the capping block. An I-beam is installed above the reserved opening in the middle plate. A steel wire rope is installed and tightened when ready to lift. Then the longitudinal bolts of the tunnel segment and the circumferential bolts connecting the capping block and the adjacent block are removed. The capping block is slowly lifted. After the tunnel segment is stable, the steel wire rope is pushed to the position of the transfer vehicle by the pushing device. Then the capping block is slowly slid down along the outside of the shield tunnel segment, placed on the transfer vehicle and transported to the construction shaft for lifting.

[0058] S3. Removal of remaining tunnel segments:

[0059] S3.1. Setting hoisting holes on the middle plate: Drill strip-shaped holes with a diameter of 100mm at the projection position on the middle plate along the axis formed by connecting the center points of the capping block segments;

[0060] S3.2, Removal of the capping block: First, holes need to be drilled in the capping block. The drilling machine is used to drill through the hole, and the steel wire rope is passed through the drilled hole in the segment. Then, the steel wire rope with rope buckle is connected to the chain hoist. When ready to lift, the steel wire rope is tightened. Then, the longitudinal bolts and the circumferential bolts connected to the adjacent block are removed. After lifting slowly, the segment is pushed to the position of the transfer vehicle by the pushing assembly, and then the segment is transferred to the transfer vehicle next to it.

[0061] S3.3, Adjacent Block Removal: The steel wire rope is led through the drill hole by the traveling work platform above the reserved hoisting hole of the middle plate, and the adjacent block is slowly lifted up. After the segment is stable, the segment is pushed to the position of the transfer vehicle by the pushing component. Then, the steel wire rope is controlled to slowly descend and the segment is placed on the transfer vehicle and transported to the construction shaft for hoisting.

[0062] S3.4 Standard block removal: The removal method is the same as that for adjacent segment blocks;

[0063] S4. Recycling: Screen and test the dismantled tunnel segments. Segments that pass the test can be recycled.

[0064] like Figure 10 As shown, the specific steps of the segment displacement method are as follows:

[0065] S11: After passing the end of the wire rope without the buckle through the pushing device, continue to pass through the drilled hole on the segment;

[0066] S12: Hang both ends of the wire rope on the chain hoist, use the lifting equipment to fix the wire rope, and prepare for lifting. During the preparation for lifting, tighten the wire rope and remove the longitudinal and circumferential bolts on the segment.

[0067] S13: Slowly pull the wire rope to lift the tunnel segment. Once the segment reaches the desired height, push it to the position of the transfer vehicle using a pushing device. Then, slowly lower the wire rope so that the segment is placed on the transfer vehicle and the lifting device is removed.

[0068] like Figure 11 As shown, the specific steps of the lifting device and installation method are as follows:

[0069] S21: Use a steel wire rope with a nominal diameter of 36mm and a rope buckle at one end as a lifting tool. First, insert the end of the steel wire rope without the rope buckle into the borehole from the outside of one of the pipe segments.

[0070] S22: After the wire rope is inserted into the drill hole, the wire rope is passed out from the inside to the outside through the drill hole of another segment, and a wire rope clip is installed at the corresponding rope buckle position to fix the wire rope.

[0071] like Figures 12 to 13As shown, the pushing device in S2 includes a support frame 1; a fixed base plate 2 is detachably installed at the bottom of the support frame 1; a pushing plate 5 is slidably connected inside the support frame 1; a threaded fixing rod 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 1; a fixing block 4 is threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded fixing rod 3; rope passage holes 6 are opened inside the support frame 1, the threaded fixing rod 3, and the pushing plate 5; a drive motor is installed on the side wall of the support frame 1, and a threaded push rod 7 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor; two anti-detachment blocks 8 are fixedly connected to the top of the pushing plate 5; the anti-detachment blocks 8 are threadedly connected to the inside of the threaded push rod 7; a positioning rod 9 is fixedly connected inside the support frame 1; another anti-detachment block 8 is slidably connected to the outside of the positioning rod 9; during operation, after the wire rope passes through the reserved hole, the wire rope can be passed through the rope passage hole 6 inside the threaded fixing rod 3, and then the threaded fixing rod 3 is placed on the top of the middle plate through the hole, thereby rotating the fixing block 4, and through the connection between the fixing block 4 and the middle plate. After the threaded fixing rod 3 is fixed, when it is necessary to push the wire rope to the position of the transfer vehicle, the drive motor can be started, so that the drive motor drives the threaded push rod 7 to rotate, and controls the push plate 5 to slide to both sides, so that the push plate 5 pushes the wire rope to the position of the transfer vehicle. When the push plate 5 moves to the corresponding position of the transfer vehicle, the wire rope can be controlled to descend, so that the pipe segment falls onto the transfer vehicle. By driving the push plate 5 to move, the push plate 5 drives the wire rope to the position of the transfer vehicle, and then the wire rope can be controlled to descend, so that the pipe segment falls into the interior of the transfer vehicle. The structural design realizes the function of making the transfer of pipe segments more convenient, effectively solving the problem that the operator is prone to falling and colliding when pushing the pipe segment manually. At the same time, by pushing the wire rope with the push device, the wire rope can have less friction with the boundary of the reserved hole, effectively reducing the wear and tear that could lead to the breakage of the wire rope. The installation method of the fixed base plate 2 can be by bolt connection.

[0072] like Figures 14 to 16 As shown, both the support frame 1 and the push plate 5 are rotatably connected to deflection plates 10 via torsion springs. The deflection plates 10 are located on both sides of the corresponding rope passage hole 6. Anti-wear rollers 11 are rotatably connected to the deflection plates 10. The anti-wear rollers 11 have an inverted spindle shape. During operation, when the wire rope deflects due to the sliding of the push plate 5, the wire rope will push the deflection plates 10 to deflect. Thus, through the pushing of the deflection plates 10 and the anti-wear rollers 11, the wire rope will experience less wear at the boundary with the rope passage hole 6. At the same time, the rotation of the anti-wear rollers 11 will reduce the sliding friction between the wire rope and the deflection plates 10, resulting in less wear. Furthermore, the inverted spindle shape of the anti-wear rollers 11 can effectively reduce the deflection of the wire rope.

[0073] like Figures 14 to 15As shown, a plurality of reinforcing plates 12 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the deflection plate 10; the reinforcing plates 12 are located on the side of the deflection plate 10 away from the rope hole 6; stabilizing grooves 13 are provided on the side walls of both the support frame 1 and the push plate 5; the stabilizing grooves 13 are located at the positions corresponding to the reinforcing plates 12; during operation, by providing reinforcing plates 12 on the side wall of the deflection plate 10, the structural strength of the deflection plate 10 can be effectively increased. During the process of the deflection plate 10 being pushed and deflected, the setting of the reinforcing plates 12 can effectively prevent the deflection plate 10 from being subjected to excessive pushing force, which could cause the deflection plate 10 to bend. At the same time, when the deflection plate 10 is pushed and fits against the side wall of the support frame 1 and the push plate 5, the reinforcing plates 12 will be inserted into the interior of the stabilizing grooves 13. Through the locking of the reinforcing plates 12 by the stabilizing grooves 13, the deflection plate 10 can be made more stable when pushed and deflected, and less prone to tilting.

[0074] like Figures 15 to 17 As shown, the inside of the stabilizing groove 13 is rotatably connected to the push block 14 via a torsion spring; the inside of the support frame 1 is provided with an oil cavity, and the inside of the oil cavity is slidably connected to the push plate 15; a connecting rod 16 is fixedly connected between the push block 14 and the push plate 15; the shapes of the push plate 15 and the connecting rod 16 are respectively set to correspond to the rotation path of the push block 14; an oil injection pipe is provided between the oil cavity and the outside; an oil guide pipe 151 is provided at the position of the oil cavity and the corresponding threaded push rod 7; during operation, when the reinforcing plate 12 is inserted into the inside of the stabilizing groove 13, the reinforcing plate 12 will push the push block 14, which will cause the push plate 15 to slide into the inside of the oil cavity, so that the lubricating oil inside the oil cavity can flow out through the oil guide pipe 151 and drip onto the surface of the threaded push rod 7, lubricating the threaded push rod 7 and the anti-detachment block 8, which can effectively avoid the large friction between the threaded push rod 7 and the anti-detachment block 8, which would prevent the threaded push rod 7 from rotating inside the anti-detachment block 8 and cause the anti-detachment block 8 to get stuck.

[0075] like Figure 14 As shown, a sliding block 17 is slidably connected inside the anti-disengagement block 8 corresponding to the threaded push rod 7; the threaded push rod 7 is threadedly connected inside the sliding block 17; during operation, if the threaded push rod 7 tilts under pressure during rotation, and the threaded push rod 7 continues to rotate, the threaded push rod 7 will push the sliding block 17 upward, causing the sliding block 17 to collide with the top of the support frame 1, thereby producing a sound to alert the operator. This allows for timely alerting of the operator when the threaded push rod 7 tilts, effectively preventing damage to the threads inside the sliding block 17 caused by the tilting of the threaded push rod 7.

[0076] like Figure 14As shown, several inclined ropes 18 are fixedly connected between the anti-detachment block 8 and the top of the push plate 5; one end of the inclined rope 18 corresponding to the push plate 5 is set around the rope hole 6; several brackets 19 are fixedly connected inside the fixed base plate 2; the bottom of the push plate 5 is provided with a slot corresponding to the bracket 19; during operation, when the tube segment pulls the wire rope, causing the wire rope to exert pressure on the push plate 5, the inclined rope 18 can pull and support the push plate 5, and the bracket 19 can support the bottom of the push plate 5, thereby making the load-bearing capacity of the push plate 5 stronger and reducing the possibility of deformation caused by the pressure on the push plate 5. At the same time, when installing the fixed base plate 2, the push plate 5 can be installed inside the support frame 1 first, and then the bracket 19 can be inserted into the slot at the bottom of the fixed base plate 2, which makes it easier to position the bolt holes at the bottom of the fixed base plate 2 and the support frame 1, especially the bolts on the two sides perpendicular to the threaded push rod 7.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] like Figure 18 As shown in the comparative embodiment one, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows: a positioning block 20 is fixedly connected to the top of the push plate 5; a positioning groove is provided inside the support frame 1; the positioning groove is set in a direction corresponding to the sliding direction of the push plate 5; during operation, when the push plate 5 needs to be installed, by inserting the positioning block 20 into the positioning groove, the situation of the push plate 5 being installed backwards can be effectively avoided. At the same time, by positioning the positioning block 20 through the positioning groove, the push plate 5 can be made more stable during the sliding process.

[0079] During operation, after the wire rope passes through the pre-drilled hole, it can be passed through the rope-passing hole 6 inside the threaded fixing rod 3. Then, the threaded fixing rod 3 is placed on top of the middle plate through the hole. The fixing block 4 can then be rotated, and the threaded fixing rod 3 is fixed by contact between the fixing block 4 and the middle plate. When it is necessary to push the wire rope towards the transfer vehicle, the drive motor can be started, causing the drive motor to rotate the threaded push rod 7. This controls the push plate 5 to slide to both sides, allowing the push plate 5 to push the wire rope towards the transfer vehicle. Once the push plate 5 reaches the corresponding position on the transfer vehicle, the wire rope can be lowered, allowing the tunnel segment to... The segments fall onto the transfer vehicle, and the drive plate 5 moves, causing the drive plate 5 to move the wire rope to the position of the transfer vehicle. This allows the wire rope to descend, enabling the segments to fall into the transfer vehicle. This structural design makes the transfer of segments more convenient and effectively solves the problem of operators falling or colliding when manually pushing the segments. At the same time, the push device reduces friction between the wire rope and the boundary of the reserved hole, effectively reducing wear and preventing wire rope breakage. The fixed base plate 2 can be installed by bolt connection.

[0080] When the wire rope deviates as the push plate 5 slides, the wire rope will push the deflection plate 10 to deviate. In turn, the deflection plate 10 and the anti-wear roller 11 will push the wire rope to reduce the wear at the boundary between the wire rope and the rope hole 6. At the same time, the rotation of the anti-wear roller 11 will reduce the sliding friction between the wire rope and the deflection plate 10, resulting in less wear. Furthermore, the inverted spindle-shaped design of the anti-wear roller 11 can effectively reduce the deviation of the wire rope.

[0081] By providing reinforcing plates 12 on the sidewalls of the deflection plate 10, the structural strength of the deflection plate 10 can be effectively increased. During the process of the deflection plate 10 being pushed and deflected, the reinforcing plates 12 can effectively prevent the deflection plate 10 from being subjected to excessive pushing force, which could cause the deflection plate 10 to bend. At the same time, when the deflection plate 10 is pushed and fits against the sidewalls of the support frame 1 and the push plate 5, the reinforcing plates 12 will be inserted into the interior of the stabilizing groove 13. The stabilizing groove 13 can make the deflection plate 10 more stable when it is pushed and deflected, and reduce the occurrence of tilting.

[0082] When the reinforcing plate 12 is inserted into the stabilizing groove 13, the reinforcing plate 12 will push the push block 14, which will cause the push plate 15 to slide into the oil cavity. This allows the lubricating oil inside the oil cavity to flow out through the oil guide pipe 151 and drip onto the surface of the threaded push rod 7, lubricating the threaded push rod 7 and the anti-detachment block 8. This effectively avoids excessive friction between the threaded push rod 7 and the anti-detachment block 8, which could prevent the threaded push rod 7 from rotating inside the anti-detachment block 8 and cause the anti-detachment block 8 to get stuck.

[0083] If the threaded push rod 7 tilts under pressure during rotation, and continues to rotate, it will push the sliding block 17 upward, causing the sliding block 17 to collide with the top of the support frame 1, thus producing a sound to alert the operator. This ensures that the tilting of the threaded push rod 7 can be promptly addressed to the operator, effectively preventing damage to the internal threads of the sliding block 17 caused by the tilting of the threaded push rod 7.

[0084] When the pipe segment pulls the wire rope, causing the wire rope to exert pressure on the push plate 5, the inclined rope 18 can pull and support the push plate 5, and the bracket 19 can support the bottom of the push plate 5. This makes the load-bearing capacity of the push plate 5 stronger and reduces the possibility of deformation caused by pressure. At the same time, when installing the fixed base plate 2, the push plate 5 can be installed inside the support frame 1 first, and then the bracket 19 can be inserted into the groove at the bottom of the fixed base plate 2. This makes it easier to position the bolt holes at the bottom of the fixed base plate 2 and the support frame 1, especially the bolts on the two sides perpendicular to the threaded push rod 7, making it easier to install the bolts.

[0085] The terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom" all refer to the figures in the accompanying drawings. Figure 12 Based on the perspective of the observer, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0086] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0087] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for segment removal under the condition of shield tunneling preceding station passage, characterized in that, The specific steps of this method are as follows: S1. Erecting the frame and excavating the earthwork: I14 I-beams are used to erect a support frame inside the shield tunnel. After the support frame is erected, the segments are dismantled according to the principle of "segment dismantling from top to bottom with the tunnel center as the axis of symmetry". The dismantling operation starts from both ends of the station and moves towards the middle through the reserved holes. The earthwork is excavated in layers to expose the segment assembly line at the dismantling location. After the excavation is completed, a traveling work platform is set up on the top of the middle plate and a reserved opening is made on the middle plate. S2. First Ring Segment Removal: The segments are removed in the order of "capping block → 2 adjacent blocks → 3 standard blocks". Drill holes in the capping block using a drilling rig. Install an I-beam beam above the reserved opening in the middle plate and install a wire rope. When ready to lift, tighten the wire rope. Then remove the longitudinal bolts of the segment and the circumferential bolts connecting the capping block and the adjacent blocks. Slowly lift the capping block. After the segment is stable, use a pushing device to push the wire rope to the position of the transfer vehicle. Then slowly slide the capping block down along the outside of the shield segment, place it on the transfer vehicle, transport it to the construction shaft, and lift it out. S3. Removal of remaining tunnel segments: S3.

1. Setting hoisting holes on the middle plate: Drill strip-shaped holes with a diameter of 100mm at the projection position on the middle plate along the axis formed by connecting the center points of the capping block segments; S3.2, Removal of the capping block: First, holes need to be drilled in the capping block. The drilling machine is used to drill through the hole, and the steel wire rope is passed through the drilled hole in the segment. Then, the steel wire rope with rope buckle is connected to the chain hoist. When ready to lift, the steel wire rope is tightened. Then, the longitudinal bolts and the circumferential bolts connected to the adjacent block are removed. After lifting slowly, the segment is pushed to the position of the transfer vehicle by the pushing assembly, and then the segment is transferred to the transfer vehicle next to it. S3.3, Adjacent Block Removal: The steel wire rope is led through the drill hole by the traveling work platform above the reserved hoisting hole of the middle plate, and the adjacent block is slowly lifted up. After the segment is stable, the segment is pushed to the position of the transfer vehicle by the pushing component. Then, the steel wire rope is controlled to slowly descend and the segment is placed on the transfer vehicle and transported to the construction shaft for hoisting. S3.4 Standard block removal: The removal method is the same as that for adjacent segment blocks; S4. Recycling: Screen and test the dismantled tunnel segments. Segments that pass the test can be recycled.

2. The method for segment removal under the condition of shield tunneling preceding station passage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of the segment displacement method are as follows: S11: After passing the end of the wire rope without the buckle through the pushing device, continue to pass through the drilled hole on the segment; S12: Hang both ends of the wire rope on the chain hoist, use the lifting equipment to fix the wire rope, and prepare for lifting. During the preparation for lifting, tighten the wire rope and remove the longitudinal and circumferential bolts on the segment. S13: Slowly pull the wire rope to lift the tunnel segment. Once the segment reaches the desired height, push it to the position of the transfer vehicle using a pushing device. Then, slowly lower the wire rope so that the segment is placed on the transfer vehicle and the lifting device is removed.

3. The method for segment removal under the condition of shield tunneling preceding station passage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for lifting equipment and installation are as follows: S21: Use a steel wire rope with a nominal diameter of 36mm and a rope buckle at one end as a lifting tool. First, insert the end of the steel wire rope without the rope buckle into the borehole from the outside of one of the pipe segments. S22: After the wire rope is inserted into the drill hole, the wire rope is passed out from the inside to the outside through the drill hole of another segment, and a wire rope clip is installed at the corresponding rope buckle position to fix the wire rope.

4. The method for segment removal under the condition of shield tunneling preceding station passage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing device in S2 includes a support frame (1); a fixed base plate (2) is detachably installed at the bottom of the support frame (1); a pushing plate (5) is slidably connected inside the support frame (1); a threaded fixing rod (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (1); a fixing block (4) is threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded fixing rod (3); rope holes (6) are opened inside the support frame (1), the threaded fixing rod (3) and the pushing plate (5); a drive motor is installed on the side wall of the support frame (1), and a threaded push rod (7) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor; two anti-detachment blocks (8) are fixedly connected to the top of the pushing plate (5); the anti-detachment block (8) is threadedly connected to the inside of the threaded push rod (7); a positioning rod (9) is fixedly connected inside the support frame (1); another anti-detachment block (8) is slidably connected to the outside of the positioning rod (9).

5. A method for segment removal under the condition of shield tunneling preceding station passage, as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The support frame (1) and the push plate (5) are both rotatably connected to deflection plates (10) by torsion springs; the deflection plates (10) are set on both sides of the corresponding rope holes (6); the deflection plates (10) are rotatably connected to anti-wear rollers (11); the anti-wear rollers (11) are designed in the shape of an inverted spindle.

6. A method for segment removal under the condition of shield tunneling preceding station passage, as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A number of reinforcing plates (12) are fixed to the side wall of the deflection plate (10); the reinforcing plates (12) are located on the side of the deflection plate (10) away from the rope hole (6); the side walls of the support frame (1) and the push plate (5) are provided with stabilizing grooves (13); the stabilizing grooves (13) are located at the positions corresponding to the reinforcing plates (12).

7. A method for segment removal under the condition of shield tunneling preceding station passage, as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The inside of the stabilizing groove (13) is rotatably connected to a push block (14) via a torsion spring; the inside of the support frame (1) is provided with an oil cavity, and a push plate (15) is slidably connected inside the oil cavity; a connecting rod (16) is fixedly connected between the push block (14) and the push plate (15); the shapes of the push plate (15) and the connecting rod (16) are respectively set to correspond to the rotation path of the push block (14); an oil injection pipe is provided between the oil cavity and the outside; an oil guide pipe (151) is provided at the position of the oil cavity and the corresponding threaded push rod (7).

8. A method for segment removal under the condition of shield tunneling preceding station passage, as described in claim 4, characterized in that: A sliding block (17) is slidably connected inside the anti-disengagement block (8) corresponding to the threaded push rod (7); the threaded push rod (7) is threadedly connected inside the sliding block (17).

9. A method for segment removal under the condition of shield tunneling preceding station passage, as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Several diagonal ropes (18) are fixed between the anti-detachment block (8) and the top of the push plate (5); one end of the diagonal rope (18) corresponding to the push plate (5) is set around the rope hole (6); several brackets (19) are fixed inside the fixed base plate (2); the bottom of the push plate (5) is provided with a slot corresponding to the bracket (19).

10. A method for segment removal under the condition of shield tunneling preceding station passage, as described in claim 4, characterized in that: A positioning block (20) is fixedly connected to the top of the push plate (5); a positioning groove is provided inside the support frame (1); the positioning groove is set in a direction corresponding to the sliding direction of the push plate (5).

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