Automated Monitoring System and Monitoring Method for Vertical Displacement of Underwater Silt Surface

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automated monitoring system and method for the vertical displacement of an underwater mud surface. The monitoring system comprises an automated monitoring system for a water surface elevation laser rangefinder and an automated monitoring system for an underwater mud surface depth water pressure gauge. The automated monitoring system for the water surface elevation laser rangefinder and the automated monitoring system for the underwater mud surface depth water pressure gauge establish an elevation connection using the water surface as a dividing line. The monitoring method includes using a remote terminal to set the total observation time and observation time interval for the laser rangefinder data acquisition box and the water pressure gauge data acquisition box; and employing a leveling method to measure and obtain elevation data at each time point at the top of the water level pipe. The present invention utilizes the two monitoring systems to establish an elevation connection, obtain real-time vertical displacement changes, and provide monitoring data for risk assessment of underwater shield construction, thereby avoiding construction risks, ensuring safe and efficient construction operations, reducing construction costs, and improving economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water level monitoring, and in particular to an automatic monitoring system and method for vertical displacement of an underwater mud surface. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of urbanization, transportation development has moved from the ground to underground, and various types of subway tunnels, underground lanes and other transportation have emerged in an endless stream. Taking a certain place as an example, economic and social development is inseparable from the development of transportation. Nearly 20 subway lines have been put into operation, and cross-river lines are also under construction, opening up a new and fast way of travel between the island and the urban area; in addition, new transportation arteries such as the Beiheng Passage, the Beizhai Road (Outer Ring Line-Middle Ring Line) Tunnel, and the Yindu Road Cross-River Tunnel, in limited space, the use of super-large shield machines has greatly increased the utilization of vertical space, providing citizens with more fast and convenient transportation methods.

[0003] Due to the well-developed water systems in coastal cities, shield tunneling involves crossing rivers, streams, and lakes. Due to the differences in mechanical properties between soil and water, the shield machine head is prone to floating during this construction process, creating significant construction risks. Therefore, monitoring changes in the underwater terrain surrounding the shield machine is particularly important during shield construction, and monitoring the vertical displacement of the underwater silt surface is a common method for assessing underwater terrain changes.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent CN202011495129.6 discloses a method for automatically monitoring groundwater levels in foundation pits using laser reflection, which adopts an automated water level monitoring method that can be used for water level monitoring around foundation pits (on land), but cannot be used for water operations; although this invention uses a supporting structure to fix the water level pipe to prevent the water level pipe from vertically displacing relative to the soil, relative displacement is inevitable and cannot be ignored during long-term monitoring, which will inevitably make the water level monitoring results inaccurate.

[0005] Therefore, technicians in this technical field are committed to developing an automatic monitoring system and monitoring method for the vertical displacement of an underwater mud surface to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic monitoring system and monitoring method for the vertical displacement of an underwater mud surface to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides an underwater mud surface vertical displacement automatic monitoring system, which is composed of two water surface elevation laser rangefinder automatic monitoring systems and one underwater mud surface depth water pressure gauge automatic monitoring system.

[0008] The water surface elevation laser rangefinder automatic monitoring system and the underwater silt surface depth water pressure gauge automatic monitoring system establish elevation connection with the water surface as the dividing line, and monitor the real-time elevation of the silt under the water area;

[0009] Two water surface elevation laser rangefinder automatic monitoring systems are respectively arranged on the flood control walls on both sides of the water area;

[0010] The water surface elevation laser rangefinder automatic monitoring system includes a positioning plate, which is fixedly arranged on the flood control wall. The positioning plate is provided with an opening for fixing a water level pipe on a surface on one side located in the water area. The top end of the water level pipe is fixed in the opening. The part of the water level pipe located in the water area is provided with a plurality of fine holes. A sand filter is provided in the water level pipe at the position of the fine holes. The water level pipe is fixedly connected to the flood control wall through a fixing piece. A circular plate is fixedly provided in the water level pipe near the top end. A laser rangefinder data acquisition box is placed on the circular plate. A honeycomb plate reflective target that can slide up and down with the water level is provided in the water level pipe at a position between the sand filter and the laser rangefinder data acquisition box.

[0011] The underwater mud surface depth water pressure gauge automatic monitoring system includes several water pressure gauge fixing devices fixedly installed in the mud, each of the water pressure gauge fixing devices is fixedly provided with a water pressure gauge, and several of the water pressure gauges are connected in series via a connecting line, and the two ends of the connecting line are respectively connected to a water pressure gauge data acquisition box, and the water pressure gauge data acquisition box is fixedly connected to the flood control wall.

[0012] Preferably, the laser rangefinder data acquisition box is a data acquisition box integrating a light source transmitting module, a light source receiving module, a data storage module, a data transmission module, and a power supply module;

[0013] The water pressure gauge data acquisition box is a data acquisition box that integrates a water pressure gauge data acquisition module, a data storage module, a data transmission module, and a power supply module.

[0014] Preferably, a sinking nail is fixedly provided on the top of the water level pipe, and the sinking nail is used for measuring the initial elevation of the top orifice of the water level pipe and for subsequent elevation correction.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of balls are provided on the periphery of the honeycomb panel reflection target, and a plurality of grooves for cooperating with the rolling of the balls are opened on the inner wall of the water level tube along the length direction, so that the honeycomb panel reflection target can slide up and down following the water level; protrusions are provided at the four corners of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box, and the protrusions cooperate with the grooves to realize the up and down movement of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box.

[0016] Preferably, the fixing member includes a clamp and a bolt, the clamp is sleeved on the outside of the water level pipe, and the clamp is fixedly connected to the flood control wall through the bolt.

[0017] Preferably, the water pressure gauge fixing device includes a fixing rod and a fixing plate, the fixing rod and the fixing plate are fixedly connected, the fixing rod is buried and fixed in the silt, and the water pressure gauge is fixedly installed at the position where the fixing rod is located in the water area;

[0018] The contact surface between the fixing plate and the sludge is concave.

[0019] Preferably, a plurality of counterweight blocks are fixedly provided on the connecting line to achieve surface contact between the connecting line and the silt.

[0020] Preferably, the positioning plate is L-shaped, and the positioning plate is fixedly connected to the land side of the flood control wall by using expansion screws.

[0021] The present invention also provides an automated monitoring method for the vertical displacement of an underwater mud surface, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Use a remote terminal to set the total observation time and observation time interval of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box and the water pressure gauge data acquisition box;

[0023] Step 2: Use the leveling method to measure the elevation data of the top of the water level pipe at each time point, and correct the top elevation of the water level pipe at regular intervals;

[0024] Step 3: Measure each time point by using the principle of time difference of the laser light source reflected by the laser rangefinder data acquisition box;

[0025] The distance from the honeycomb plate reflective target to the light source of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box;

[0026] The distance between the upper surface of the honeycomb panel reflective target and the water surface;

[0027] The vertical distance from the light source of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box to the sinking pin;

[0028] Step 4: using the water pressure gauge data acquisition box to obtain the depth data of each water pressure gauge at each time point;

[0029] Step 5: The laser rangefinder data acquisition box and the water pressure gauge data acquisition box measure and transmit the measured data to the remote terminal. The remote terminal automatically calculates the elevation of each silt top surface at different time points, obtains real-time data of the vertical displacement of the silt top surface, and outputs a monitoring report and a change curve.

[0030] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0031] The automatic monitoring device for the vertical displacement of the underwater mud surface of the present invention, through the above-mentioned structural design, the automatic monitoring system of the water surface elevation laser rangefinder and the automatic monitoring system of the underwater mud surface depth water pressure gauge are arranged in the flood control wall and the water area, and can operate on the water; the elevation of the top orifice of the water level pipe can be corrected, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy.

[0032] The present invention provides an automated monitoring method for the vertical displacement of an underwater mud surface. The method uses the water surface as the dividing line and is divided into an automated monitoring system for a water surface elevation laser rangefinder and an automated monitoring system for an underwater mud surface depth water pressure gauge. The two monitoring systems are connected by elevation to monitor the real-time elevation of the underwater mud surface, thereby obtaining real-time vertical displacement changes. This provides monitoring data for risk assessment of underwater shield construction, thereby avoiding construction risks, ensuring safe and efficient operation of construction, reducing construction costs, and improving economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of a specific embodiment of the underwater mud surface vertical displacement automatic monitoring system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure enlarged in the middle;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle water level pipe;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the honeycomb panel reflective target part from a top view;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box from a top view;

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the water pressure gauge fixing device;

[0040] Figure 8 The figure is a flow chart of a specific embodiment of the method for automatically monitoring the vertical displacement of an underwater mud surface according to the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1 water area, 2 silt, 3 flood control wall, 4 positioning plate, 5 settlement nail, 6 expansion screw, 7 bolt, 8 water level pipe, 9 fine hole, 10 sand filter, 11 ball, 12 honeycomb plate reflective target, 13 clamp, 14 circular plate, 15 laser rangefinder data acquisition box, 16 fixing rod, 17 fixing plate, 18 water pressure gauge, 19 connecting line, 20 counterweight, 21 water pressure gauge data acquisition box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides an underwater mud surface vertical displacement automatic monitoring system, which is composed of two water surface elevation laser rangefinder automatic monitoring systems and one underwater mud surface depth water pressure gauge automatic monitoring system.

[0045] The water surface elevation laser rangefinder automated monitoring system and the underwater silt surface depth water pressure gauge automated monitoring system establish elevation connections with the water surface as the dividing line, and monitor the real-time elevation of silt 2 under water area 1;

[0046] Two water surface elevation laser rangefinder automated monitoring systems are respectively arranged on the flood control walls 3 on both sides of the water area 1;

[0047] The water surface elevation laser rangefinder automatic monitoring system includes a positioning plate 4, which is fixedly arranged on the flood control wall 3. The positioning plate 4 is provided with an opening for fixing a water level pipe 8 on a surface on one side located in the water area 1. The top of the water level pipe 8 is fixed in the opening. The part of the water level pipe 8 located in the water area 1 is provided with a plurality of fine holes 9 for allowing water to pass through, so as to balance the water pressure inside and outside the water level pipe 8; a sand filter screen 10 is provided at the position of the fine holes 9 in the water level pipe 8, which is used to filter sediment and support a honeycomb plate reflective target 12; the water level pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the flood control wall 3 through a fixing piece, and a circular plate 14 is fixedly provided near the top position in the water level pipe 8, and a laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15 is placed on the circular plate 14; a honeycomb plate reflective target 12 that can slide up and down with the water level is provided in the water level pipe 8 between the sand filter screen 10 and the laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15;

[0048] The underwater mud surface depth water pressure gauge automatic monitoring system includes several water pressure gauge fixing devices fixedly installed in the mud 2, each water pressure gauge fixing device is fixedly installed with a water pressure gauge 18, and several water pressure gauges 18 are connected in series through a connecting line 19. The two ends of the connecting line 19 are respectively connected to a water pressure gauge data collection box 21, and the water pressure gauge data collection box 21 is fixedly connected to the flood control wall 3.

[0049] The laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15 is a data acquisition box that integrates a light source transmitting module, a light source receiving module, a data storage module, a data transmission module, and a power supply module. It can store the collected data and transmit it to a remote terminal through a gateway for subsequent data automation processing; the water pressure gauge data acquisition box 21 is a data acquisition box that integrates a water pressure gauge data acquisition module, a data storage module, a data transmission module, and a power supply module. It can store the collected data and transmit it to a remote terminal through a gateway for subsequent data automation processing.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, a sinking nail 5 is fixedly provided on the top of the water level pipe 8. The sinking nail 5 is used for measuring the initial elevation of the top opening of the water level pipe 8 and for subsequent elevation correction to improve the monitoring accuracy.

[0051] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of balls 11 are provided on the periphery of the honeycomb panel reflective target 12, and a plurality of grooves for cooperating with the rolling of the balls 11 are opened on the inner wall of the water level tube 8 along the length direction, so that the honeycomb panel reflective target 12 can slide up and down following the water level; protrusions are provided at the four corners of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15, and the protrusions cooperate with the grooves to realize the up and down movement of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15.

[0052] The fixing part includes a clamp 13 and a bolt 7. The clamp 13 is sleeved on the outside of the water level pipe 8. The clamp 13 is fixedly connected to the flood control wall 3 through the bolt 7.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, the water pressure gauge fixing device includes a fixing rod 16 and a fixing plate 17. The fixing rod 16 and the fixing plate 17 are fixedly connected. The fixing rod 16 is buried and fixed in the silt 2. A water pressure gauge 18 is fixedly installed at the position where the fixing rod 16 is located in the water area 1.

[0054] In order to ensure good adaptability of the honeycomb plate reflective target 12, the honeycomb plate reflective target 12 is made of stainless steel, and has properties such as corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and low density, and can adapt to water quality in different environments;

[0055] In order to ensure the stability of the fixing plate 17 , the contact surface between the fixing plate 17 and the sludge 2 is concave so that it can fit the surface of the sludge 2 .

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, a plurality of counterweights 20 are fixedly provided on the connecting line 19 to achieve surface contact between the connecting line 19 and the silt 2, thereby preventing the connecting line 19 from being suspended in the water area 1 and being scratched and damaged by passing ships.

[0057] like Figure 2As shown, in other embodiments, the positioning plate 4 is L-shaped, and the positioning plate 4 is fixedly connected to the land side of the flood control wall 3 using expansion screws 6.

[0058] Example 2:

[0059] The present invention also provides an automated monitoring method for the vertical displacement of an underwater mud surface, comprising:

[0060] Step 1: Place a water level pipe 8 with a diameter of about 25 cm (with parallel grooves on the inside) with fine holes 9 and a sand filter 10 on the bottom on the water area 1 side of the flood control wall 3, and fix it to the flood control wall 3 with a clamp 13 and bolts 7 about 10 cm above the water surface of the water area 1;

[0061] Step 2: Roll a 1cm thick honeycomb reflective target 12 with four balls 11 embedded horizontally into the water level tube 8 along the groove and place it on the sand filter 10. The honeycomb reflective target 12 can slide up and down with the water level. Measure the distances d1-1 and d1-2 between the upper surface of the honeycomb reflective target 12 and the water surface of the water area 1.

[0062] Step 3: Fix a circular plate 14 with a middle opening of about 5cm in diameter and a thickness of about 2cm on the upper part of the water level tube 8. Insert the laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15 protruding from the four corners into the water level tube 8 along the groove and place it on the circular plate 14 with the top flush with the hole. The laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15 emits laser light to the honeycomb plate reflective target 12 and receives the interval time of the reflected laser light, thereby calculating the real-time distance from the honeycomb plate reflective target 12 floating on the water surface on both sides to the light source of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15. (When n=0, it indicates the first measurement value, i.e., the initial value; when n=1, 2, 3, ..., it indicates the real-time distance at the nth time point). The collection box is used to collect, store, and transmit data;

[0063] Step 4: Use the L-shaped fixing plate 4 to open a circle slightly larger than the diameter of the water level pipe 8 on the upper part to fix the top opening of the water level pipe 8, and fix the L-shaped positioning plate 4 with expansion screws 6 on the land side of the flood control wall 3;

[0064] Step 5: Place a sinking nail 5 on the top of the water level pipe 8 and use the leveling method to measure the elevation of the top of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15 on both sides of the water. (When m = 0, it indicates the first measurement value, i.e., the initial elevation; when m = 1, 2, 3, ..., it indicates the elevation after the mth correction (generally once every 1-2 months)), the vertical distances L2-1 and L2-2 from the light source of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15 to the sinking pin 5 on both sides of the river are measured;

[0065] Step 6. Weld the water pressure gauge 18 to the fixed plate 16 with a diameter of about 10 mm. Place a fixed plate 17 of about 30 cm x 30 cm x 0.5 cm on the bottom. One side of the fixed plate 17 is flat, and the other side is concave inward by about half the thickness of the fixed plate 17. Insert the fixing rod 16 in the center of the fixed plate 17 and weld it in place. Measure the distance L3i (i = 1, 2, 3 ..., representing the i-th water pressure gauge) between the center of each water pressure gauge 18 and the bottom of the center of the fixed plate 17. During installation, insert the fixed plate 17 with one side concave downward vertically into the two sides of the silt at a certain spacing (depending on the project requirements) so that it fits and fixes the two sides of the silt.

[0066] Step 7: Connect the water pressure gauge fixing system structure in series by wire connection. A counterweight block 20 is set on the connecting line 19 to increase the weight of the connecting line 19 so that it fits and fixes it to the silt surface 2. The connecting line 19 is pulled along the bottom of the water to the water pressure gauge data collection box 21 on the side of the flood control wall 3 water area 1. The collection box is used to collect, store and transmit data.

[0067] Step 8: Using the elevation data of the top of the water level pipe 8 and the real-time data transmitted to the remote terminal by the two systems, the real-time changes in the vertical displacement of the silt surface 2 can be automatically calculated, and corresponding monitoring reports and change curves can be generated.

[0068] The principles of the present invention are as follows:

[0069] This invention is an innovative system and method for automatically monitoring the vertical displacement of underwater mud surfaces, based on automated sensor equipment. Using the water surface as the dividing line, the system consists of an automated monitoring system using a laser rangefinder for water surface elevation and an automated monitoring system using a water pressure gauge for underwater mud depth. By linking these two elevation monitoring systems, changes in the underwater mud surface elevation are calculated, and thus changes in its vertical displacement.

[0070] In a specific embodiment:

[0071] 1. Use the leveling method to measure the elevation of the top of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15 on both sides (also the top of the water level pipe 8) (When m = 0, it indicates the first measurement value, i.e. the initial value; when m = 1, 2, 3, ..., it indicates the elevation after the mth correction (generally once every 1-2 months)).

[0072] 2. Using the principle of time difference of laser light source reflected by laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15, the real-time distance from the honeycomb plate reflection target 12 on the water surface of both sides to the light source of laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15 is measured. (When n=0, it indicates the first measurement value, i.e., the initial value; when n=1, 2, 3, ..., it indicates the real-time distance at the nth time point);

[0073] 3. Measure the distance d between the upper surface of the honeycomb panel reflective target 12 and the water surface of the water area 1 1-1 d 1-2 ;

[0074] 4. Measure the vertical distance L between the light source of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box 15 and the sinking pin 5 on both sides 2-1 、L 2-2 ;

[0075] 5. The real-time average elevation of the water surface in water area 1

[0076]

[0077] When m=0, it indicates the first measurement value, i.e. the initial value; when m=1, 2, 3, etc., it indicates the value after the mth revision (generally once every 1-2 months);

[0078] When n=0, it indicates the first measurement value, i.e. the initial value; when n=1, 2, 3, ..., it indicates the value at the nth time point;

[0079] 6. Using the water pressure gauge formula: p = ρgh (p is water pressure, g is gravity acceleration, h is water depth), the depth h of the center of the i-th water pressure gauge 18 from the average water surface can be calculated. i :

[0080]

[0081] i=1,2,3……, represents the i-th water pressure gauge;

[0082] 7. According to the distance L between the center of the i-th water pressure gauge 18 and the center bottom of the corresponding fixing plate 17 3i The depth L from the mud surface to the water surface where the i-th water pressure gauge 18 is located can be calculated 4i :

[0083] L 4i =h i +L 3i

[0084] i=1,2,3……, represents the i-th water pressure gauge 18;

[0085] 8. At the nth time point, the elevation of the silt surface where the i-th water pressure gauge 18 is located is

[0086]

[0087] ① When m = 0, it indicates the first measurement value, i.e. the initial value; when m = 1, 2, 3, etc., it indicates the value after the mth revision (generally once every 1-2 months);

[0088] ② When n=0, it indicates the first measurement value, i.e. the initial value; when n=1, 2, 3, etc., it indicates the value at the nth time point;

[0089] i=1,2,3……, represents the i-th water pressure gauge;

[0090] 9. Cumulative vertical displacement change at time n on the silt surface 2 where the i-th water pressure gauge 18 is located

[0091] Right now:

[0092]

[0093] ① When m = 0, it indicates the first measurement value, i.e. the initial value; when m = 1, 2, 3, etc., it indicates the value after the mth revision (generally once every 1-2 months);

[0094] ② When n=0, it indicates the first measurement value, i.e. the initial value; when n=1, 2, 3, etc., it indicates the value at the nth time point;

[0095] ③i=1,2,3……, indicating the i-th water pressure gauge 18;

[0096] The above describes in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concepts of the present invention without inventive effort. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be derived by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation based on the concepts of the present invention and the prior art should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. The underwater mud surface vertical displacement automatic monitoring system consists of two water surface elevation laser rangefinder automatic monitoring systems and one underwater mud surface depth water pressure gauge automatic monitoring system, which is characterized by: The water surface elevation laser rangefinder automatic monitoring system and the underwater silt surface depth water pressure gauge automatic monitoring system establish elevation connection with the water surface as the dividing line, and monitor the real-time elevation of the silt under the water area; Two water surface elevation laser rangefinder automatic monitoring systems are respectively arranged on the flood control walls on both sides of the water area; The water surface elevation laser rangefinder automatic monitoring system includes a positioning plate, which is fixedly arranged on the flood control wall. The positioning plate is provided with an opening for fixing a water level pipe on a surface on one side located in the water area. The top end of the water level pipe is fixed in the opening. The part of the water level pipe located in the water area is provided with a plurality of fine holes. A sand filter is provided in the water level pipe at the position of the fine holes. The water level pipe is fixedly connected to the flood control wall through a fixing piece. A circular plate is fixedly provided in the water level pipe near the top end. A laser rangefinder data acquisition box is placed on the circular plate. A honeycomb plate reflective target that can slide up and down with the water level is provided in the water level pipe at a position between the sand filter and the laser rangefinder data acquisition box. The underwater mud surface depth water pressure gauge automatic monitoring system includes a plurality of water pressure gauge fixing devices fixedly installed in the mud, each of the water pressure gauge fixing devices is respectively fixedly provided with a water pressure gauge, and the plurality of water pressure gauges are connected in series via a connecting line, and the two ends of the connecting line are respectively connected to a water pressure gauge data collection box, and the water pressure gauge data collection box is fixedly connected to the flood control wall; A sinking nail is fixedly provided on the top of the water level pipe, and the sinking nail is used for measuring the initial elevation of the orifice at the top end of the water level pipe and for subsequent elevation correction.

2. The underwater mud surface vertical displacement automatic monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser rangefinder data acquisition box is a data acquisition box that integrates a light source transmitting module, a light source receiving module, a data storage module, a data transmission module, and a power supply module; The water pressure gauge data acquisition box is a data acquisition box that integrates a water pressure gauge data acquisition module, a data storage module, a data transmission module, and a power supply module.

3. The underwater mud surface vertical displacement automatic monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A number of balls are provided on the periphery of the honeycomb panel reflection target, and a number of grooves for cooperating with the rolling of the balls are opened on the inner wall of the water level tube along the length direction, so that the honeycomb panel reflection target can slide up and down following the water level; protrusions are provided at the four corners of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box, and the protrusions cooperate with the grooves to realize the up and down movement of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box.

4. The underwater mud surface vertical displacement automatic monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixing member includes a clamp and a bolt. The clamp is sleeved on the outside of the water level pipe, and the clamp is fixedly connected to the flood control wall through the bolt.

5. The underwater mud surface vertical displacement automatic monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water pressure gauge fixing device includes a fixing rod and a fixing plate, wherein the fixing rod and the fixing plate are fixedly connected, the fixing rod is buried and fixed in the silt, and the water pressure gauge is fixedly installed at the position where the fixing rod is located in the water area; The contact surface between the fixing plate and the sludge is concave.

6. The underwater mud surface vertical displacement automatic monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of counterweight blocks are fixedly arranged on the connecting line to achieve surface contact between the connecting line and the silt.

7. The underwater mud surface vertical displacement automatic monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The positioning plate is in an L-shape and is fixedly connected to the land side of the flood control wall by using expansion screws.

8. The method for automatically monitoring the vertical displacement of an underwater mud surface according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use a remote terminal to set the total observation time and observation time interval of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box and the water pressure gauge data acquisition box; Step 2: Use the leveling method to measure the elevation data of the top of the water level pipe at each time point, and correct the top elevation of the water level pipe at regular intervals; Step 3: Measure each time point by using the principle of time difference of the laser light source reflected by the laser rangefinder data acquisition box; The distance from the honeycomb panel reflective target to the light source of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box; The distance between the upper surface of the honeycomb panel reflective target and the water surface; The vertical distance from the light source of the laser rangefinder data acquisition box to the sinking pin; Step 4: using the water pressure gauge data acquisition box to obtain the depth data of each water pressure gauge at each time point; Step 5: The laser rangefinder data acquisition box and the water pressure gauge data acquisition box measure and transmit the measured data to the remote terminal. The remote terminal automatically calculates the elevation of each silt top surface at different time points, obtains real-time data of the vertical displacement of the silt top surface, and outputs a monitoring report and a change curve.

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