A shell device for a dialysate flow path

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shell device for a dialysate flow path, which relates to the technical field of hemodialysis, and comprises: a shell, a dialysate inlet arranged at one end of the shell, and a dialysate outlet arranged at the other end of the shell, the middle part of the shell is a hollow structure with openings at both ends, a hollow fiber bundle runs through the hollow structure, a first chamber and a second chamber arranged oppositely are provided in the shell, one end of the first chamber is connected to the dialysate inlet, and the other end of the first chamber is closed, one end of the second chamber is connected to the dialysate outlet, and the other end of the second chamber is closed, the shell located between the first chamber and the hollow structure, and the shell located between the second chamber and the hollow structure are both provided with through holes, and the first chamber, the hollow structure and the second chamber are connected through the through holes. By using this device, the solute removal of the blood purification filter and the blood purification efficiency can be effectively enhanced, while saving the dialysis water consumption, energy saving and efficiency improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hemodialysis, and more particularly to a shell device for a dialysate flow path. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, during hemodialysis treatment, the blood and dialysate in the filter flow in opposite directions, and the dialysate flow rate is usually set to twice the blood flow rate to achieve the best effect of solute removal. During the dialysis treatment process, the blood flows from top to bottom along the axial direction of the dialyzer, through the blood chamber composed of tens of thousands of hollow fiber membrane filaments; the dialysate enters and exits from the side of the dialyzer through the bypass Hansen interface of the dialyzer, and flows from bottom to top along the axial direction of the dialyzer through the dialysate chamber outside the hollow fiber membrane filaments. Many studies have shown that the flow uniformity of blood and dialysate in their respective chambers has a great influence on the material transfer and solute removal effect. Factors affecting the flow uniformity of liquid (i.e., blood and dialysate) in the hemodialysis filter include but are not limited to the following points, filter end cap design, filter housing design, filter dialysate inlet baffle design, hollow fiber membrane filling density and membrane bending degree, etc.

[0003] At present, the disadvantages of common hemodialyzers are as follows:

[0004] 1. The solute concentration of the dialysate is the lowest at the inlet and gradually increases from bottom to top along the dialyzer, and the ability to remove toxin molecules in the blood by diffusion gradually weakens;

[0005] 2. The dialysate has no flow guidance in the dialysate chamber, and the flow uniformity is poor. In the loose membrane filaments, the dialysate flow resistance is small and the flow velocity is large, which easily forms a tunnel effect along the membrane filaments. Under this effect, the dialysate flows directly from the inlet to the outlet and cannot penetrate into the membrane filament bundle. The membrane filaments are not fully utilized, and the effect of removing blood endotoxins through the solute concentration difference inside and outside the membrane filaments cannot be achieved;

[0006] 3. The dialysate consumes a huge amount of water. Based on the conventional dialysate flow rate of 500 ml / min and the dialysis time of 4 hours, each hemodialysis treatment requires the consumption of 120L of dialysate. This is a huge waste of resources for both bottled dialysate products and centralized fluid supply systems.

[0007] In summary, how to enhance the solute removal and blood purification efficiency of the blood purification filter while saving dialysis water consumption and achieving energy saving and efficiency improvement is an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a shell device for a dialysate flow path, which can effectively enhance the solute removal and blood purification efficiency of the blood purification filter, while saving dialysis water and achieving the purpose of energy saving and efficiency improvement.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A shell device for a dialysate flow path comprises: a shell, a dialysate inlet arranged at one end of the shell and a dialysate outlet arranged at the other end of the shell, the middle part of the shell is a hollow structure with two ends opened, a hollow fiber bundle passes through the hollow structure, a first chamber and a second chamber arranged opposite to each other are provided in the shell, one end of the first chamber is connected to the dialysate inlet and the other end of the first chamber is closed, one end of the second chamber is connected to the dialysate outlet and the other end of the second chamber is closed, the shell located between the first chamber and the hollow structure and the shell located between the second chamber and the hollow structure are both provided with through holes, and the first chamber, the hollow structure and the second chamber are connected through the through holes.

[0011] Preferably, end covers for sealing the shell are provided at both ends of the shell.

[0012] Preferably, the end cover is detachably connected to the shell.

[0013] Preferably, the hollow structure is provided with a plurality of wire binding rings for tightening the hollow fiber bundle.

[0014] Preferably, the plurality of wire binding rings are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the hollow structure.

[0015] Preferably, the distribution density of the wire binding ring gradually decreases from the dialysate inlet to the dialysate outlet.

[0016] Preferably, two rows of through holes are provided on opposite sides of the hollow structure along the axial direction, and the plurality of through holes in the same row are distributed at equal intervals.

[0017] Preferably, the dialysate inlet, the dialysate outlet and the hollow structure are integrally formed of injection-molded material.

[0018] When the dialysate flow path housing device provided by the present invention is used, the hollow structure is connected to the dialysate inlet to form a first chamber for accommodating the dialysate stock solution; the hollow structure is connected to the dialysate outlet to form a second chamber for accommodating the dialysate waste solution, and the hollow fiber bundle is composed of a plurality of hollow fiber membrane fibers. By separating the dialysate stock solution and the dialysate waste solution into two separate chambers, the solute concentration difference inside and outside the hollow fiber membrane fibers can be maintained to the greatest extent, thereby improving the effect of diffusion on the removal of toxin molecules in the blood.

[0019] In addition, the hollow structure with multiple through holes can realize the lateral flow of dialysate in a direction perpendicular to the hollow fiber membrane filaments, and at the same time, the pressure can be increased by reducing the flow area, and the same dialysis effect can be achieved with a smaller dialysate volume, thereby effectively saving dialysis water consumption and achieving the purpose of energy saving and efficiency improvement. That is, the device can change the flow direction of the dialysate from parallel to the direction of the hollow fiber membrane filaments to perpendicular to the direction of the hollow fiber membrane filaments, so that the dialysate can penetrate into the hollow fiber bundle more evenly, avoiding the defects of the existing flow pattern.

[0020] In summary, the dialysate flow path housing device provided by the present invention can effectively enhance the solute removal and blood purification efficiency of the blood purification filter, while saving dialysis water consumption and achieving the purpose of energy saving and efficiency improvement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a housing device for a dialysate flow path provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A longitudinal sectional view of a housing device for a dialysate flow path;

[0025] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a housing device for a dialysate flow path;

[0026] Figure 4 An external view of a housing device for a dialysate flow path;

[0027] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a housing device for a dialysate flow path;

[0028] Figure 6 is a graph of solute concentrations in each chamber of the blood and dialysate of the existing housing;

[0029] Figure 7The figure is a graph showing the solute concentrations in each chamber of the blood and dialysate after using the device.

[0030] Figure 1-Figure 7 middle:

[0031] 1 is a shell, 2 is a hollow fiber bundle, 3 is a dialysate inlet, 4 is a dialysate outlet, 5 is a hollow structure, 6 is a second chamber, 7 is an end cover, 8 is a wire binding ring, 9 is a through hole, and 10 is a first chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The core of the present invention is to provide a shell device for the dialysate flow path, which can effectively enhance the solute removal and blood purification efficiency of the blood purification filter, while saving dialysis water consumption and achieving the purpose of energy saving and efficiency improvement.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 .

[0035] This specific embodiment provides a shell device for a dialysate flow path, comprising: a shell 1, a dialysate inlet 3 arranged at one end of the shell 1 and a dialysate outlet 4 arranged at the other end of the shell 1, a hollow structure 5 with openings at both ends in the middle of the shell 1, a hollow fiber bundle 2 running through the hollow structure 5, a first chamber 10 and a second chamber 6 arranged opposite to each other are provided in the shell 1, one end of the first chamber 10 is connected to the dialysate inlet 3 and the other end of the first chamber 10 is closed, one end of the second chamber 6 is connected to the dialysate outlet 4 and the other end of the second chamber 6 is closed, a through hole 9 is provided in the shell 1 located between the first chamber 10 and the hollow structure 5 and a through hole 9 is provided in the shell 1 located between the second chamber 6 and the hollow structure 5, and the first chamber 10, the hollow structure 5 and the second chamber 6 are connected to the second chamber 6 through the through hole 9.

[0036] In actual use, the shape, structure, size, material, position, etc. of the shell 1, hollow fiber bundle 2, dialysate inlet 3, dialysate outlet 4 and hollow structure 5 can be determined according to actual conditions and actual needs.

[0037] When the housing device of the dialysate flow path provided by the present invention is used, the hollow structure 5 is connected to the dialysate inlet 3 to form a first chamber 10 for accommodating the dialysate raw liquid, and the hollow fiber bundle 2 is composed of a plurality of hollow fiber membrane fibers; the hollow structure 5 is connected to the dialysate outlet 4 to form a second chamber 6 for accommodating the dialysate waste liquid. By separating the dialysate raw liquid and the dialysate waste liquid into two separate chambers, the solute concentration difference inside and outside the hollow fiber membrane fibers can be maintained to the greatest extent, thereby improving the effect of diffusion on the removal of toxin molecules in the blood.

[0038] In addition, the hollow structure 5 provided with a plurality of through holes 9 can realize the lateral flow of the dialysate in a direction perpendicular to the hollow fiber membrane filaments, and at the same time, the pressure can be increased by reducing the flow area, and the same dialysis effect can be achieved with a smaller dialysate volume, thereby effectively saving the dialysis water consumption and achieving the purpose of energy saving and efficiency improvement. That is, the device can change the flow direction of the dialysate from being parallel to the direction of the hollow fiber membrane filaments to being perpendicular to the direction of the hollow fiber membrane filaments, so that the dialysate can more evenly penetrate into the hollow fiber bundle, avoiding the defects of the existing flow pattern.

[0039] In summary, the dialysate flow path housing device provided by the present invention can effectively enhance the solute removal and blood purification efficiency of the blood purification filter, while saving dialysis water consumption and achieving the purpose of energy saving and efficiency improvement.

[0040] Based on the above embodiment, preferably, both ends of the shell 1 are provided with end caps 7 for sealing the shell 1. The end caps 7 at both ends may be provided with a blood inlet and a blood outlet, respectively, so that blood is introduced into the hollow fiber bundle 2, and a sealed chamber is formed with the shell 1 at the same time.

[0041] Preferably, the end cover 7 is detachably connected to the housing 1 to facilitate replacement of the hollow fiber bundle 2 in subsequent processes.

[0042] Preferably, a plurality of binding rings 8 for tightening the hollow fiber bundle 2 are provided on the hollow structure 5 .

[0043] Preferably, the plurality of wire binding rings 8 are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the hollow structure 5 .

[0044] Preferably, the distribution density of the wire binding ring 8 gradually decreases from the dialysate inlet 3 to the dialysate outlet 4. That is, the wire binding ring 8 can be arranged at unequal intervals, for example, the wire binding ring 8 at the dialysate inlet 3 is relatively dense, and the arrangement density of the wire binding ring 8 along the length direction of the hollow structure 5 gradually decreases.

[0045] It should be noted that a plurality of wire binding rings 8 are evenly spaced on the hollow structure 5, and the wire binding rings 8 and the hollow structure 5 can form a plurality of separation chambers to increase the flow resistance of the dialysate in a direction parallel to the hollow fiber membrane fibers, enhance the effect of the dialysate in a single separation chamber flowing toward the second chamber 6 in a direction perpendicular to the hollow fiber membrane fibers, and enable the dialysate to more fully penetrate into the hollow fiber bundle 2, thereby avoiding the dialysate from producing a tunnel effect along the direction of the hollow fiber membrane fibers.

[0046] It should also be noted that the wire binding ring 8 can increase the blood chamber pressure while tightening the hollow fiber membrane. The combination of the two can not only enhance the diffusion effect, but also enhance the filtration effect of the dialysis filter, enhance the convection effect, and improve the ability to remove large molecular toxins in the blood. At the same time, the wire binding ring 8 can reduce the uneven dialysate flow rate between the peripheral hollow fiber bundle 2 and the central hollow fiber bundle 2, and maximize the removal and filtration effect of the hollow fiber membrane.

[0047] On the basis of the above embodiment, preferably, two rows of through holes 9 are provided on opposite sides of the hollow structure 5 along the axial direction, and the multiple through holes 9 in the same row are distributed at equal intervals.

[0048] It should be noted that the through holes 9 of the first chamber 10 and the second chamber 6 are distributed correspondingly to improve the liquid circulation efficiency and ensure the flow effect of the dialysate stock solution and the dialysate waste solution. In addition, by reducing the flow area of ​​the liquid, the pressure can be increased, and the same dialysis effect can be achieved with a smaller dialysate volume, effectively saving the dialysis water consumption and achieving the purpose of energy saving and efficiency improvement.

[0049] Therefore, the porous design on the hollow structure 5 has the function of increasing pressure and increasing the dialysate flow rate. The through hole 9 combined with the guiding function of the wire ring 8 can replace the solution of increasing the dialysate flow rate to increase the toxin removal effect. That is, under the same solute removal effect, the device can reduce the dialysate flow rate, reduce the dialysis water consumption, and achieve the purpose of energy saving and efficiency improvement. In addition, a wire ring 8 can be set every four or five through holes 9 along the axial direction of the hollow structure 5 to ensure that the dialysate flow rate is increased in the same way at all parts of the device.

[0050] In actual use, the shape, size, etc. of the hollow structure 5 and the through hole 9 can be determined according to actual conditions and actual needs.

[0051] Preferably, the dialysate inlet 3, the dialysate outlet 4 and the hollow structure 5 are integrally formed by injection molding, that is, the various structural components of the housing 1 can be formed at one time by injection molding, so that the dialysate original liquid and the dialysate waste liquid are respectively contained in different chambers.

[0052] It should also be noted that the volume of the first chamber 10, the volume of the second chamber 6, the number of openings of the hollow structure 5, the size of the openings, the distribution range of the openings, the number of wire-binding rings 8, and the density of the distribution of the wire-binding rings 8 can all be optimized according to the actual structure of the housing 1 and the solute removal effect. The solute concentration curves of the blood and dialysate chambers of the existing housing 1 are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, Figure 7 The solute concentration curves of the blood and dialysate chambers after using the device can be optimized with the goal of maximizing the percentage of solute concentration drop in the blood, and effectively determine parameters such as the opening and the wire binding ring 8.

[0053] It should be noted that the first chamber 10 and the second chamber 6 mentioned in the present application document are just used to distinguish the different positions, and there is no order of precedence.

[0054] In addition, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "in and out" etc. in this application is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of simplifying the description and facilitating understanding, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0055] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Any combination of all embodiments provided by the present invention is within the protection scope of this invention and will not be described in detail here.

[0056] The above is a detailed introduction to the shell device of the dialysate flow path provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A housing device for a dialysate flow path, It is characterized in that include: A shell (1), a dialysate inlet (3) provided at one end of the shell (1), and a dialysate outlet (4) provided at the other end of the shell (1); the middle of the shell (1) is a hollow structure (5) with two ends open; a hollow fiber bundle (2) passes through the hollow structure (5); a first chamber (10) and a second chamber (6) arranged opposite to each other are provided in the shell (1); one end of the first chamber (10) is communicated with the dialysate inlet (3) and the other end of the first chamber (10) is closed; one end of the second chamber (6) is communicated with the dialysate outlet (4) and the other end of the second chamber (6) is closed; the shell (1) located between the first chamber (10) and the hollow structure (5) and the second chamber (6) located between the second chamber (6) and the hollow structure (5) are The shell (1) is provided with a through hole (9), and the first chamber (10), the hollow structure (5) and the second chamber (6) are connected through the through hole (9); end caps (7) for sealing the shell (1) are provided at both ends of the shell (1); a plurality of binding rings (8) for tightening the hollow fiber bundle (2) are provided on the hollow structure (5), and the binding rings (8) and the hollow structure (5) form a plurality of partition chambers; the plurality of binding rings (8) are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the hollow structure (5), or the distribution density of the binding rings (8) gradually decreases from the dialysate inlet (3) to the dialysate outlet (4), so as to increase the blood chamber pressure while the binding rings (8) tighten the hollow fiber membrane filaments, strengthen the diffusion effect, and improve the clearing and filtration effect of the dialyzer filter.

2. The dialysate flow path housing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The end cover (7) is detachably connected to the housing (1).

3. The dialysate flow path housing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Two rows of through holes (9) are provided along the axial direction on opposite sides of the hollow structure (5), and the plurality of through holes (9) in the same row are distributed at equal intervals.

4. The dialysate flow path housing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The dialysate inlet (3), the dialysate outlet (4) and the hollow structure (5) are integral injection-molded parts.

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