A spike signal generator

Abstract

This invention discloses a spike signal generator, comprising a capacitor module, a switch, a first resistor, an inductor, a second resistor, and a DC power supply. The first terminal of the capacitor module is connected to the first terminal of the switch, and the second terminal of the capacitor module is grounded. The second terminal of the switch is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor, and the second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the first terminal of the inductor. The second terminal of the inductor is grounded. The third terminal of the switch is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor, and the second terminal of the second resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply. The negative terminal of the DC power supply is grounded. By implementing this invention, corresponding spike signals can be generated, improving safety during experiments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electronic device performance testing, and more particularly to a spike signal generator. Background Technology

[0002] With the formation of a global trade economy, the import and export of electronic equipment in various countries are subject to the relevant regulations of both importing and exporting countries. Among these regulations, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) primarily concerns the emission (radiated and conducted emissions) and immunity (radiated and conducted susceptibility) performance of equipment. Therefore, after electronic products undergo circuit, structural, and material design by EMC designers, their ability to truly meet relevant EMC standards still requires testing and verification in a corresponding EMC laboratory. For example, the power line spike signal conducted susceptibility test CS106 in the GJB 151B-2013 standard requires connecting a spike signal generated by a signal generator in series to the positive power line to test the equipment's ability to withstand the spike signal's influence.

[0003] Existing spike signal generators can produce frequency-adjustable spike pulse group signals, but their spike signal generation devices utilize the gear transmission characteristics of mechanical gear equipment and the "electric arc principle" to generate spike pulse group signals. In practical use, since electric arcs are a harmful factor to other electronic equipment, using this device in an atmosphere containing explosive gases will inevitably cause safety problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a spike signal generator that can overcome the above-mentioned defects to generate corresponding spike signals and improve the safety of the experimental process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a spike signal generator to solve the technical problem of safety hazards during experiments when using mechanical gear equipment to generate spike signals based on the "electric arc principle".

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a spike signal generator, comprising: a capacitor module, a switch, a first resistor, an inductor, a second resistor, and a DC power supply;

[0006] The first terminal of the capacitor module is connected to the first terminal of the switch, and the second terminal of the capacitor module is grounded.

[0007] The second terminal of the switch is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor, the second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the first terminal of the inductor, and the second terminal of the inductor is grounded.

[0008] The third terminal of the switch is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor, the second terminal of the second resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply, and the negative terminal of the DC power supply is grounded.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the capacitor module includes: a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a third capacitor;

[0010] The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor.

[0011] The first terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor, and the second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor.

[0012] The first terminal of the third capacitor is the first terminal of the capacitor module, and the second terminal of the third capacitor is the second terminal of the capacitor module.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the switch is a relay.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the switch is a time-delay switch, comprising:

[0015] When the connection state of the first terminal of the switch and the second terminal of the switch is switched, a delay time of 0.5 seconds is maintained.

[0016] When the connection state of the first terminal of the switch is switched to that of the third terminal of the switch, a delay of 1 second is maintained.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the spike signal generator further includes:

[0018] The first end of the first resistor is also connected to the positive terminal of the oscilloscope signal input channel, and the second end of the first resistor is also connected to the negative terminal of the oscilloscope signal input channel.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the voltage of the DC power supply is greater than the preset peak value of the spike signal.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the formula for calculating the parameter value L of the inductor is:

[0021] Where U0 is the voltage value of the DC power supply, t m R is the rise time of the preset spike signal, R is the resistance value of the first resistor, and I is the rise time of the preset spike signal. R I is the maximum current of the first resistor. R =U R / R,U R This is the preset peak value of the spike signal.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the capacitance parameter value C of the capacitor module 总 The calculation formula is: C 总 =4L / R 2.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, the parameter value of the first capacitor, the second capacitor, and the third capacitor is all C, and the formula for calculating C is: C = C 总 / 3.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0025] Compared to existing technologies that utilize the "arc principle" of mechanical gears to generate spike pulse signals, this invention utilizes the inherent circuit regulation characteristics of a resistor-inductor-capacitor circuit to generate spike signals. By controlling the on / off state of a switch, connecting the first and third terminals of the switch, a DC power supply charges the capacitor module. After the capacitor module is fully charged, the switch is again turned on / off, connecting the first and third terminals of the switch again, causing the capacitor module to discharge in the circuit, thus generating spike signals. Compared to existing technologies, the spike signal generator of this invention utilizes the inherent circuit regulation characteristics to generate corresponding spike signals, ensuring safety and reliability during use. It avoids the shortcomings of using mechanical gears as spike signal generators in experiments, thus improving experimental safety. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a spike signal generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of an RLC circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a spike signal generator, comprising: a capacitor module, a switch, a first resistor, an inductor, a second resistor, and a DC power supply.

[0031] The first terminal of the capacitor module is connected to the first terminal of the switch, and the second terminal of the capacitor module is grounded.

[0032] The second terminal of the switch is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor, the second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the first terminal of the inductor, and the second terminal of the inductor is grounded.

[0033] The third terminal of the switch is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor, the second terminal of the second resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply, and the negative terminal of the DC power supply is grounded.

[0034] Specifically, the capacitor module includes: a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a third capacitor;

[0035] The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor; the first terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor, and the second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor; the first terminal of the third capacitor is the first terminal of the capacitor module, and the second terminal of the third capacitor is the second terminal of the capacitor module.

[0036] During the experiment, multiple capacitors can be connected in parallel in the capacitor module, not limited to three capacitors. The specific number of capacitors can be calculated based on the preset peak value of the spike signal to obtain the parameter value of the total capacitance of the capacitor module in the circuit, and then the specific setting can be made based on the parameter value of the total capacitance.

[0037] Specifically, the switch is a relay.

[0038] Specifically, the switch is a time-delay switch, including: when the connection state of the first terminal of the switch and the second terminal of the switch is switched, a delay time of 0.5s is maintained; when the connection state of the first terminal of the switch and the third terminal of the switch is switched, a delay time of 1s is maintained.

[0039] When the connection state between the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch changes from connected to disconnected, a delay of 0.5 seconds is maintained; when the connection state between the first terminal and the third terminal of the switch changes from disconnected to connected, a delay of 1 second is maintained.

[0040] During the experiment, a PWM pulse generator was used to control the on / off state of a switch relay to generate a spike signal. The specific operation was as follows: First, the first and second terminals of the switch were connected. At this time, the circuit containing the capacitor module, the first resistor, and the inductor was connected, and the capacitor module discharged, completely releasing the charge and preventing electric shock hazards during subsequent equipment maintenance due to residual charge in the capacitor module's capacitor. Second, the first and third terminals of the switch were connected. At this time, the circuit containing the DC power supply, the second resistor, and the capacitor module was connected, and the DC power supply charged the capacitor module. In this circuit, the second resistor was a current-limiting resistor to prevent the capacitor from breaking down due to excessive DC voltage applied to it. After the capacitor was fully charged, the first and third terminals of the switch were disconnected. Third, the first and second terminals of the switch were then connected again. At this time, the circuit containing the capacitor module, the first resistor, and the inductor was connected, and the capacitor module discharged, thus generating a spike signal.

[0041] It should be noted that in the third step above, the time period during which the spike signal is generated is: the process from when the first terminal of the switch is disconnected from the third terminal of the switch after a switch delay, to when the first terminal of the switch is reconnected to the second terminal of the switch. Furthermore, after the first terminal of the switch is reconnected to the second terminal of the switch, the capacitor module gradually completes its discharge along with the generation of the spike signal.

[0042] Specifically, the spike signal generator further includes: a first end of the first resistor is also connected to the positive terminal of the oscilloscope signal input channel, and a second end of the first resistor is also connected to the negative terminal of the oscilloscope signal input channel.

[0043] An oscilloscope is connected in parallel across the first resistor to observe the output waveform of the spike signal generator and to determine whether the spike signal output by the spike signal generator reaches the preset peak value.

[0044] Specifically, the voltage of the DC power supply is greater than the preset peak value of the spike signal.

[0045] Specifically, the formula for calculating the parameter value L of the inductor is: Where U0 is the voltage value of the DC power supply, t m R is the rise time of the preset spike signal, R is the resistance value of the first resistor, and I is the rise time of the preset spike signal. R I is the maximum current of the first resistor. R =U R / R,U R This is the preset peak value of the spike signal.

[0046] In the spike signal generator, when the first terminal of the switch and the second terminal of the switch are connected, the circuit containing the capacitor module, the first resistor and the inductor is turned on, the capacitor module discharges, and a spike signal is generated.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 2 The diagram below shows the basic structure of an RLC circuit, which consists of a resistor R, a capacitor C, an inductor L, and a switch connected in series. The following section will use... Figure 2 Based on the parameter calculation of the RLC circuit shown, the calculation formulas for each parameter of the spike signal generator in this embodiment of the invention are derived. Figure 2 The RLC circuit shown contains two energy storage elements: a capacitor and an inductor, and is a second-order circuit. The following calculation formula applies to second-order circuits:

[0048] Capacitor current:

[0049] Inductor voltage:

[0050] For circuits composed of RLC elements, combining the KVL theorem with the circuit, we can obtain:

[0051] u C +u L +u R =0 (3)

[0052] In formulas (1), (2) and (3), u C u L and u R Let u be the voltage across capacitor C, the voltage across inductor L, and the voltage across resistor R, respectively. Rearrange equations (1), (2), and (3), and let u... C =Ae st The following circuit characteristic equation can be obtained.

[0053] LCs 2 +RCs+1=0 (4)

[0054] By solving equation (4), the characteristic roots of this circuit can be obtained as follows:

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] Since the capacitor has a voltage in the initial state, and there is no current in the entire circuit before the switch is turned on, we can obtain the initial conditions of the circuit when the initial voltage across the capacitor is U0 and the initial current in the circuit is 0. The response expression of the circuit is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] By analyzing the characteristics of the eigenvalues ​​of RLC circuits, because Therefore, the following three judgments are made in sequence:

[0060] (1) When When s1≠s2, the characteristic equation (4) has two unequal real roots, and the circuit exhibits overdamped non-oscillating discharge characteristics.

[0061] (2) When When s1≠s2, the characteristic equation (4) has two unequal complex roots, and the circuit exhibits underdamped oscillating discharge characteristics.

[0062] (3) When When s1 = s2 = -R / 2L, the characteristic equation (4) has two equal real roots, and the circuit exhibits critical damping characteristics. The capacitor voltage under critical damping conditions differs from that in equation (7) and evolves into:

[0063]

[0064] The corresponding capacitor current can be obtained from formula (1):

[0065]

[0066] In the spike signal generator of this embodiment, the process of the capacitor module discharging to generate a spike signal is an overdamped non-oscillating discharge. Under overdamped discharge, s1 and s2 are two unequal real roots, and... During the overdamped non-oscillatory discharge process of the RCL circuit, the capacitor voltage is:

[0067]

[0068] Therefore, the current value corresponding to the capacitor can be calculated using formula (1) to obtain the current in the RCL circuit during the switch closure period. Figure 2 From the series connection of the circuit, we can obtain the inductor current (i L ) equals capacitor current (i C Therefore, combining formula (2), we can obtain the following formula for calculating the voltage across the inductor:

[0069]

[0070] Since RCL is configured in series, to determine the maximum voltage of the resistor discharge, it is necessary to calculate the maximum current in the series circuit, and the rate of change of the inductor current with respect to time. The time corresponding to when the current is 0 is the peak value of the current, which can be obtained through calculation. The time corresponding to the peak current is:

[0071]

[0072] However, in actual experiments, using the calculation formula for overdamped discharge is relatively complex. Therefore, the calculation formula for critical damping is generally used instead to calculate the actual circuit parameters. From the above formula, the peak value of the preset spike signal is the output voltage U of the resistor. R At this time, the maximum current in the circuit is:

[0073]

[0074] In formula (13), R is the resistance value of the first resistor. Let the charging voltage of the capacitor be V1 = U0, which is the voltage value of the DC power supply. Then, the calculation formula that L satisfies can be calculated as follows:

[0075]

[0076] Specifically, the capacitance parameter value C of the capacitor module 总 The calculation formula is: C 总 =4L / R 2 .

[0077] Based on the formula for calculating the inductor parameter value (14) and the relationship between inductance and capacitance, the capacitance parameter value C of the capacitor module can be calculated. 总 :C 总 =4L / R 2 .

[0078] Specifically, the parameter value of the first capacitor, the second capacitor, and the third capacitor is all C, and the formula for calculating C is: C = C 总 / 3.

[0079] A capacitor module can be obtained by connecting multiple capacitors in parallel. The parameter value of each parallel capacitor can be adjusted according to the actual situation, as long as the capacitance value C of the capacitor module is met. 总 Therefore, the specific calculation method for the capacitance value of a single capacitor here is: C 并联 =C 总 / n, where n is the number of parallel capacitors.

[0080] To better demonstrate this technical solution, the power line spike signal conduction sensitivity test CS106 in the GJB 151B-2013 standard is used as an example. Based on the peak value of the spike signal specified in the CS106 test item of GJB 151B-2013, the parameter values ​​of each parameter in the spike signal generator of this embodiment are calculated to obtain a spike signal generator suitable for this test item.

[0081] GJB 151B-2013 specifies in the CS106 test item that the rise time of the spike signal is 1.5μs, and the internal resistance of the signal source is not greater than 2Ω. Therefore, t m =1.5us, R=2Ω, substituted into the calculation formula of this embodiment of the invention:

[0082] The test limits for CS106 specify: "Submarines and surface ships: 400V peak voltage; other equipment is subject to the purchaser's own specifications." From this condition, the peak value of the spike signal is 400V, which is the output voltage U of the spike signal generator in this embodiment of the invention. R =400V, maximum circuit current:

[0083]

[0084] Let the charging voltage of the capacitor be: V1 = U0 = 500V (the voltage value that can be provided by the actual external high-voltage DC power supply), then the formula for calculating L can be obtained as follows: In this equation, all parameters except L are known and their exact values ​​can be calculated using a calculator; then, the capacitance parameter C of the capacitor module can be used as a reference. 总 The calculation formula C 总 =4L / R 2 The total value of C is calculated. The capacitance can be obtained by connecting multiple capacitors in parallel. The specific calculation method for the value of each parallel capacitor is as follows: C 并联 =C 总 / n, where n is the number of parallel capacitors.

[0085] As can be seen from the above, this invention provides a spike signal generator that utilizes the inherent circuit regulation characteristics of a resistor-inductor-capacitor circuit to generate spike signals. By controlling the delayed on / off state of a switch, a DC power supply charges the capacitor module. After the capacitor module is fully charged, the switch is then controlled to discharge the capacitor module in the circuit, thereby generating a spike signal. This spike signal generator utilizes the inherent circuit regulation characteristics of its circuit to generate corresponding spike signals, ensuring safety and reliability during use. It avoids the shortcomings of using mechanical gear devices as spike signal generators during experiments, thus improving experimental safety.

[0086] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention for those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A spike signal generator, characterized in that, include: Capacitor module, switch, first resistor, inductor, second resistor and DC power supply; The first terminal of the capacitor module is connected to the first terminal of the switch, and the second terminal of the capacitor module is grounded; the process by which the capacitor module discharges to generate a spike signal is an overdamped non-oscillating discharge. The second terminal of the switch is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor, the second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the first terminal of the inductor, and the second terminal of the inductor is grounded. The third terminal of the switch is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor, the second terminal of the second resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply, and the negative terminal of the DC power supply is grounded. The formula for calculating the parameter value L of the inductor is: ;in, The voltage value of the DC power supply. R is the preset rise time of the spike signal, and R is the resistance value of the first resistor. The maximum current of the first resistor is... , The preset peak value of the spike signal; The capacitance parameter values ​​of the capacitor module The calculation formula is: .

2. The spike signal generator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The capacitor module includes: a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a third capacitor; The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor. The first terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor, and the second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor. The first terminal of the third capacitor is the first terminal of the capacitor module, and the second terminal of the third capacitor is the second terminal of the capacitor module.

3. The spike signal generator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The switch is a relay.

4. The spike signal generator as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The switch is a time-delay switch, comprising: When the connection state of the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch changes, a delay of 0.5 seconds is maintained. When the connection state of the first terminal of the switch is switched to that of the third terminal of the switch, a delay of 1 second is maintained.

5. The spike signal generator as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The first end of the first resistor is also connected to the positive terminal of the oscilloscope signal input channel, and the second end of the first resistor is also connected to the negative terminal of the oscilloscope signal input channel.

6. The spike signal generator as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The voltage of the DC power supply is greater than the preset peak value of the spike signal.

7. The spike signal generator as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The parameter values ​​of the first capacitor, the second capacitor, and the third capacitor are all... The calculation formula is: 3.

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