An antenna and communication device

Abstract

The application provides an antenna and a communication device, relates to the technical field of communication, and aims to solve the problem that an antenna cannot effectively consider both a relatively narrow beam width and a relatively small profile height. The antenna provided by the application comprises a first radiating unit and a first conductive piece, the first radiating unit is used for transmitting or receiving a wireless signal, and the first conductive piece is connected with the first radiating unit in common; wherein, 2N first conductive pieces are arranged corresponding to one polarization of the radiating unit, N is a positive integer; the distance between the first conductive piece and the center of the first radiating unit is L1, the farthest distance from the edge of the first radiating unit to the feeding center is L2, and L1<=L2; so that the first conductive piece is coupled with the first radiating unit, thereby narrowing the beam width of the first radiating unit. In the antenna provided by the application, the first conductive piece is configured, the beam width of the first radiating unit can be effectively narrowed, and the profile height of the antenna is not obviously increased.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna and a communication device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Antennas are widely used in various types of communication devices for transmitting or receiving wireless signals. In practical applications, improving the performance of the antenna is a major goal in the industry. The performance of the antenna is mainly reflected by the following parameters: gain, standing wave ratio, return loss, communication capacity, beam width, etc.

[0003] In some current antennas, a director sheet or the like structure is configured in the antenna to improve the gain of the antenna. However, this approach increases the profile volume of the antenna, which is not conducive to the miniaturization design of the antenna. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides an antenna and a communication device which can narrow the beam width, improve the gain, have a simple structure, are easy to manufacture, and are conducive to miniaturization design.

[0005] In one aspect, the present application provides an antenna, comprising a first radiating unit and a first conductive member. The first radiating unit is used for transmitting or receiving wireless signals, and the first conductive member is connected in common with the first radiating unit. Wherein, one polarization of the radiating unit is provided with 2N first conductive members, N is a positive integer. The distance between the first conductive member and the center of the first radiating unit is L1, the farthest distance from the edge of the first radiating unit to the feed center is L2, and L1≤L2. The first conductive member is coupled with the first radiating unit, so as to narrow the beam width of the first radiating unit. Alternatively, it can also be understood that in each polarization direction of the first radiating unit, an integer multiple of 2 first conductive members can be provided. In the antenna provided by the present application, the beam width of the first radiating unit can be effectively narrowed by configuring the first conductive member, and the profile height of the antenna will not be significantly increased. In addition, the first conductive member has a simple structure and is easy to process, thereby being conducive to low-cost implementation, manufacturing and widespread application.

[0006] When the first conductive member is specifically set, the specific value of the distance L1 between the first conductive member and the center of the first radiating unit can be reasonably set according to the actual situation.

[0007] For example, L1 can be less than or equal to 0.1 times the working wavelength of the first radiating unit. By reasonably adjusting the distance between the first conductive member and the center of the first radiating unit, the coupling effect between the first conductive member and the first radiating unit can be effectively improved, so as to effectively narrow the beam width of the first radiating unit and improve the gain of the first radiating unit.

[0008] In addition, the length of the first conductive member can be adjusted according to actual needs when the first conductive member is arranged.

[0009] For example, the length of the first conductive member can be greater than or equal to 0.25 times the working wavelength of the first radiating unit.

[0010] In addition, considering the influence of standing waves, and through a large number of experiments and data comparison, it is found that when the length of the first conductive member is slightly greater than 0.25 times the working wavelength of the first radiating unit, the first conductive member can better couple with the first radiating unit, and the beam width of the first radiating unit can be significantly narrowed. In specific implementation, the length of the first conductive member can be 0.26 times, 0.27 times or 0.28 times the working wavelength of the first radiating unit. The present application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0011] In specific applications, the antenna can further include a second radiating unit. The working frequency of the first radiating unit can be greater than the working frequency of the second radiating unit. Alternatively, it can be understood that by configuring multiple radiating units with different working frequencies in the antenna, the bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively improved.

[0012] In addition, in some implementations, the antenna can further include a second conductive member, which can be commonly connected with the second radiating unit. One polarization of the second radiating unit corresponds to 2M second conductive members, and M is a positive integer. The distance between the second conductive member and the center of the second radiating unit is L3, the edge of the second radiating unit to the farthest distance of the second radiating unit is L4, and L3≤L4. The second conductive member is coupled with the second radiating unit, thereby narrowing the beam width of the second radiating unit. Alternatively, it can be understood that in each polarization direction of the second radiating unit, an integer multiple of 2 second conductive members can be provided. In the antenna provided by the present application, by configuring the second conductive member, the beam width of the second radiating unit can be effectively narrowed, and the profile height of the antenna can not be significantly increased. In addition, the second conductive member has a simple structure and is easy to process, thereby being conducive to low-cost implementation, manufacturing and wide application.

[0013] When the second conductive member is specifically arranged, the specific value of the distance L3 between the second conductive member and the center of the second radiating unit can be reasonably arranged according to actual conditions.

[0014] For example, L3 can be less than or equal to 0.1 times the working wavelength of the second radiating unit.

[0015] It can be understood that when the second conductive member is specifically arranged, the same or similar arrangement as the first conductive member can be made, which will not be repeated here.

[0016] In an implementation, the second conductive member can include a filtering structure. The filtering structure is configured to filter the wireless signal of the first radiating unit, so as to reduce the interference of the second conductive member to the wireless signal of the first radiating unit. By arranging the filtering structure in the second conductive member, the induced current in the second conductive member caused by the wireless signal of the first radiating unit at a high frequency band can be suppressed, so as to improve the signal transmission efficiency and quality of the first radiating unit.

[0017] In a specific implementation, the filtering structure can have various specific structures. For example, the filtering structure can include at least one of a wide-narrow connection structure, a fork structure or a bending structure. Alternatively, in other implementations, the filtering structure can also have other structures, which are not limited in the present application.

[0018] In addition, in some implementations, the antenna can further include a third conductive member. The third conductive member can be commonly connected with the radiating unit operating at a high frequency band, and is configured to suppress the common mode resonance of the radiating unit operating at a low frequency band caused by the wireless signal at a high frequency.

[0019] Specifically, in an implementation provided by the present application, the operating frequency of the first radiating unit is greater than the operating frequency of the second radiating unit. The third conductive member can be arranged at the center of the first radiating unit and commonly connected with the first radiating unit. The third conductive member is coupled with the first radiating unit, and is configured to suppress the common mode resonance of the second radiating unit caused by the first radiating unit.

[0020] In a specific application, the third conductive member can be arranged slightly away from the center of the first radiating unit. Alternatively, it can be understood that the third conductive member can be located at the center of the first radiating unit or in the region near the center.

[0021] In some implementations, the first radiating unit can also be fed by a balun. The main function of the balun is to convert and match the balanced electrical signal with respect to the reference ground and the unbalanced electrical signal with respect to the reference ground, so as to improve the matching degree between the first radiating unit and the feeding network, thereby improving the signal transmission quality of the first radiating unit.

[0022] It should be noted that in a specific implementation, the balun can be arranged in a conventional type, which is not described herein.

[0023] In addition, in some implementations, the third conductive member can also be electrically connected with the balun, so that the current in the third conductive member and the current in the balun are opposite in phase, and can be offset to effectively suppress the common mode resonance.

[0024] In addition, the length of the third conductive member can be adjusted according to actual requirements when the third conductive member is arranged.

[0025] For example, the length of the third conductive member can be greater than or equal to 0.25 times the working wavelength of the first radiating unit.

[0026] In addition, considering the influence of standing waves, and through a large number of experiments and data comparison, it is found that when the length of the third conductive member is slightly greater than 0.25 times the working wavelength of the first radiating unit, the third conductive member can better couple with the first radiating unit, thereby effectively suppressing the high-frequency current in the first radiating unit. Of course, in specific implementation, the length of the third conductive member can be 0.26 times, 0.27 times, or 0.28 times the working wavelength of the first radiating unit. The present application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0027] Alternatively, it can be understood that in specific applications, the structure of the third conductive member and the first conductive member can be the same or substantially the same, which will not be described here.

[0028] In addition, in an implementation manner, the first conductive member, the second conductive member, and the third conductive member can be long strip structures. For example, they can be made of metal (such as copper, aluminum, etc.) or other non-metallic materials with good conductivity. In the manufacturing process, casting, cutting, and other preparation processes can be used for manufacturing. Alternatively, they can also be printed circuit boards. The structure types of the first conductive member, the second conductive member, and the third conductive member can be the same or different, which is not limited in the present application.

[0029] It can be understood that in specific applications, only the first conductive member can be arranged in the antenna, or only the second conductive member can be arranged, or only the third conductive member can be arranged. Alternatively, at least any two of them can be arranged at the same time.

[0030] In specific applications, the antenna can further include a reflector plate. The reflector plate generally has a front surface (or a reflecting surface) and a back surface (a surface opposite to the front surface). The front surface can provide a mounting position for the radiating units (such as the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit), and can also effectively improve the signal transmission performance of the radiating units. In addition, the reflector plate can block and shield other electromagnetic signals from the back surface, thereby playing a certain anti-interference role on the radiating units.

[0031] In addition, in order to realize the ground connection between the first conductive member and the first radiating unit, the first conductive member and the first radiating unit can be electrically connected to the ground point on the reflector plate.

[0032] Correspondingly, in order to realize the ground connection between the second conductive member and the second radiating unit, the second conductive member and the second radiating unit can be electrically connected to the ground point on the reflector plate.

[0033] Accordingly, in order to achieve a common ground connection between the third conductive element and the first radiating element, both the third conductive element and the first radiating element can be electrically connected to a common ground on the reflector.

[0034] On the other hand, this application also provides a communication device including any of the antennas described above. In specific applications, the communication device can be a base station or radar, etc., and this application does not limit the type of communication device. Alternatively, it can be understood that the antenna can be applied to many different types of communication devices. The corresponding beneficial effects have already been explained in the above aspects and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna feeder system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the first radiating element and the first conductive element of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first radiating element and the first conductive element of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first radiating element and the first conductive element of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 7 A data simulation comparison chart provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 8 A side view of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the second radiating element and the second conductive element of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 10 Another data simulation comparison chart provided for embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 11 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second conductive element provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 13 Another data simulation comparison chart provided for embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another second conductive element provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another second conductive element provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another second conductive element provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 17 A side view of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 18 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the radiating element and the third conductive element of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] To facilitate understanding of the antenna provided in the embodiments of this application, its application scenarios will be introduced first below.

[0055] The antenna provided in this application embodiment can be used in communication equipment such as base stations and radar to realize wireless communication functions.

[0056] like Figure 1As shown, this application scenario can include base stations and terminals. Wireless communication can be achieved between the base station and the terminal. The base station can be located in a base station bubsystem (BBS), a UMTS (Underground Radio Access Network) terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), or an evolved terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), used for cell coverage of radio signals to enable communication between the terminal device and the wireless network. Specifically, the base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a Node B (NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, or a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, the base station can be a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, or a g node (gNodeB or gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, or a base station in a future evolved network, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a base station includes a base station antenna feeder system. In practical applications, the base station antenna feeder system mainly includes an antenna 10, a feeder line 02, and a grounding device 03. The antenna 10 is generally fixed on a mast 04, and the downtilt angle of the antenna 10 can be adjusted by an antenna adjustment bracket 05 to adjust the signal coverage range of the antenna 10 to a certain extent.

[0058] Additionally, the base station may include a radio frequency (RF) processing unit 06 and a baseband processing unit 20. For example, the RF processing unit 06 can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna 10, converting it into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal and sending it to the baseband processing unit 20. Alternatively, the RF processing unit 06 can be used to up-convert and amplify the IF signal from the baseband processing unit 20 and convert it into a wireless signal for transmission through the antenna 10. The baseband processing unit 20 can be connected to the feed network of the antenna 10 via the RF processing unit 06. In some embodiments, the RF processing unit 06 may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 20 may also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, in one possible embodiment, the radio frequency processing unit 06 can be integrated with the antenna 10. The baseband processing unit 20 is located at the far end of the antenna 10. In another embodiment, the radio frequency processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 can also be located at the far end of the antenna 10 simultaneously. The radio frequency processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 can be connected via a feed line 02.

[0060] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the antenna 10 used in a base station may include a housing 100, a reflector 19 located within the housing 100, and a feed network 110. The main function of the feed network is to feed signals to the radiating element 120 with a certain amplitude and phase, or to transmit the wireless signals received by the radiating element 120 to the baseband processing unit 20 of the base station with a certain amplitude and phase. It is understood that, in specific implementations, the feed network 110 may include at least one of the following devices: a phase shifter, a combiner, a transmission or calibration network, or a filter. This application does not limit the components, type, or functions that the feed network 110 can achieve.

[0061] Of course, the antenna 10 described above can also be applied to various other types of communication devices, and this application does not limit the application scenarios of the antenna 10.

[0062] The outer casing 100, also known as an antenna radome, has excellent electromagnetic wave penetration in terms of electrical performance, thus ensuring that it does not affect the normal transmission and reception of electromagnetic signals between the radiating unit 120 and the outside world. In terms of mechanical performance, the outer casing 100 has good stress resistance and oxidation resistance, enabling it to withstand the corrosion of harsh external environments.

[0063] The radiating element 120, also known as an antenna element, is a unit that constitutes the basic structure of an antenna. It can effectively transmit or receive electromagnetic waves, and multiple radiating elements 120 can also be used in an array. In specific applications, antenna elements can be divided into single-stage and dual-polarized types. In specific configurations, the type of antenna element can be rationally selected according to actual needs.

[0064] The reflector 19, also known as the base plate, generally has a front (or reflective surface) and a back (surface opposite to the front). The front provides a mounting position for the radiating unit 120 and effectively improves the signal transmission and reception performance of the radiating unit 120. In addition, the reflector 19 can block and shield other electromagnetic signals from the back, thereby providing a certain degree of anti-interference for the radiating unit 120.

[0065] In practical applications, the performance of antenna 10 directly affects the performance of the entire antenna feed system. Therefore, when configuring antenna 10, its performance must meet corresponding requirements. The main performance parameters of antenna 10 include gain and beamwidth. In some application scenarios, antenna 10 requires a high gain. Currently, some antennas 10 incorporate structures such as guide plates to improve their gain. However, this increases the profile height of antenna 10, which is detrimental to miniaturization design.

[0066] Therefore, this application provides an antenna 10 that can narrow the beamwidth, increase the gain, and has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and is beneficial for reducing the profile height and miniaturization design.

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0068] The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more,” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that in the following embodiments of this application, “at least one” means one, two, or more.

[0069] References to "one embodiment" and similar terms used in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," and "in other embodiments" appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "having," and variations thereof mean "including, but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment provided in this application, the antenna 10 includes a first radiating element 11 and a first conductive element. The first radiating element 11 is used to transmit or receive wireless signals (i.e., the electromagnetic waves mentioned above, hereinafter referred to as wireless signals). Please refer to the following... Figure 3 The first conductive element and the first radiating unit 11 can be connected to a common ground via the reflector 19. Specifically, Figure 4 The first radiating element 11 shown is a dual-polarized radiating element, comprising four radiating arms: radiating arm a, radiating arm b, radiating arm c, and radiating arm d. Radiating arms a and c are located in one polarization direction; radiating arms b and d are located in the other polarization direction. Four first conductive elements are provided: first conductive element 12a, first conductive element 12b, first conductive element 12c, and first conductive element 12d. These four first conductive elements are arranged in a ring around the center O of the first radiating element 11. Furthermore, the distance between the first conductive element and the center O of the first radiating element 11 is L1, and the farthest distance between the first radiating element 11 and the center O is L2. L1 ≤ L2, so that the first conductive element is coupled to the first radiating element 11, thereby narrowing the beamwidth of the first radiating element 11. It should be noted that the term "coupling" in this application refers to electromagnetic coupling, which refers to the phenomenon where two or more elements are closely matched and mutually influential, and energy is transferred from one side to the other through interaction.

[0071] In this embodiment, two first conductive elements may be provided in each polarization direction of the first radiation unit 11, and the two first conductive elements are arranged in a ring around the center of the first radiation unit 11.

[0072] The first radiating element 11 can also be a single-polarized radiating element. When the first radiating element 11 is a single-polarized radiating element, it is equivalent to the first radiating element 11 having only one polarization. Figure 4 The two arms shown are illustrated. For example, there can be radiating arm a and radiating arm c. Alternatively, there can be radiating arm b and radiating arm d. In this case, two first conductive elements can be configured, and the two first conductive elements are arranged in a ring around the center of the first radiating unit 11.

[0073] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the center of the first radiating unit 11 can be understood as the geometric center of the first radiating unit 11. Furthermore, the circular arrangement of the first conductive elements around the center of the first radiating unit 11 means that each first conductive element is equidistant from the center of the first radiating unit 11. Moreover, multiple first conductive elements can be arranged at equal intervals, meaning that the distance between any two adjacent first conductive elements is the same, thereby ensuring the symmetry of the radiation pattern corresponding to the first radiating unit 11. It is understood that in other embodiments, when the first conductive elements are arranged in a circular arrangement around the center of the first radiating unit 11, a non-equidistant arrangement can also be used. Additionally, the first conductive elements and the first radiating unit 11 can also be arranged in a non-circular manner. For example, the distance of each first conductive element from the center of the first radiating unit 11 can be different, and this application does not limit this.

[0074] Of course, the number of first conductive elements configured in a first radiating unit is not limited to the examples above. More commonly, it can be 2N, where N is a positive integer. That is, in other embodiments, 4, 6, 8, 10 or more first conductive elements can be provided in the first radiating unit 11. The specific number of first conductive elements is not limited in this application.

[0075] When the first radiating unit 11 is of the dual-polarization type, the number of first conductive elements configured for one first radiating unit can also be expressed as 4N, where N is a positive integer.

[0076] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, eight first conductive elements can be provided in the first radiating unit 11, namely first conductive element 12a, first conductive element 12b, first conductive element 12c, first conductive element 12d, first conductive element 12e, first conductive element 12f, first conductive element 12g, and first conductive element 12h. The eight first conductive elements are arranged in a ring around the center of the first radiating unit 11.

[0077] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, 12 first conductive elements 12 (only one is shown in the figure) can also be provided in the first radiating unit 11, and the 12 first conductive elements 12 are arranged in a ring around the center of the first radiating unit 11. It can be understood that the first conductive elements... Figure 6 The attached figure is labeled 12. Figure 4 and Figure 5 In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this application, different first conductive elements are distinguished by adding a letter (such as a, b, etc.) after the reference numeral 12. In the following related description, the first conductive element 12 can also be understood as the first conductive element 12a, 12b, or 12c, etc.

[0078] It is understood that in other embodiments, 16, 20, or more first conductive elements 12 may be provided in the first radiating unit 11. The specific number of first conductive elements 12 is not limited in this application.

[0079] In summary, in practical applications, when configuring the first conductive element 12, 2N first conductive elements 12 can be provided in one polarization direction of the first radiating unit 11, and the 2N first conductive elements 12 can be arranged in a ring around the geometric center of the first radiating unit 11, where N is a positive integer.

[0080] In the antenna 10 provided in this application, by configuring the first conductive element 12, the beamwidth of the first radiating element 11 can be effectively narrowed without significantly increasing the cross-sectional height of the antenna 10. Furthermore, the first conductive element 12 has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, thus facilitating lower-cost implementation and promoting its widespread application. Specifically, the first conductive element 12 narrows the beamwidth of the first radiating element 11 by generating an induced current on the first conductive element 12 when the first radiating element 11 transmits a wireless signal. This induced current also enables the first conductive element 12 to generate a wireless signal. Since this induced current is in phase with the current on the first radiating element 11, the wireless signal generated by the first conductive element 12 is in phase with the wireless signal generated by the first radiating element 11, and the two signals superimpose, thereby narrowing the beamwidth. For example, when radiating arms a and c on the first radiating element 11 transmit wireless signals, induced currents are generated on conductive elements 12a and 12c. The wireless signals generated by radiating arms a and c are in phase with the wireless signals generated by conductive elements 12a and 12c, and the two signals are superimposed on each other, thereby narrowing the beamwidth.

[0081] Furthermore, it is understood that the structural shape of the first radiating unit 11 can be diverse in specific applications. For example, in the embodiments provided in this application, the edge contour of the first radiating unit 11 is approximately square. In other embodiments, the first radiating unit 11 can also be elliptical, circular, rectangular, or other structural types, and this application does not limit this.

[0082] In addition, in specific applications, the relative positions between the first conductive element 12 and the first radiating element 11 can be varied.

[0083] For example, in the embodiments provided in this application, each of the radiation arms a, b, c and d of the first radiation unit 11 is provided with a through hole 111, and three first conductive elements 12 are respectively inserted into each through hole 111.

[0084] Alternatively, it can be understood that when the distance L1 between the first conductive element 12 and the center of the radiating unit is less than the farthest distance L2 between the radiating unit and its center, a through hole 111 can be provided in the radiating unit for the first conductive element 12 to pass through, so as to avoid interference between the first conductive element 12 and the radiating unit.

[0085] In practical applications, the shape, number and position of the through holes 111 can be reasonably set according to actual needs. In addition, only one first conductive element 12 can be inserted into each through hole 111, or multiple first conductive elements 12 can be inserted at the same time. This application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0086] It is understood that in other embodiments, the first conductive element 12 may also be disposed adjacent to the edge of the first radiating unit 11. In specific applications, the relative position between the first conductive element 12 and the radiating unit can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs, and this application does not limit this.

[0087] In addition, such as Figure 4 As shown, the specific value of L1 can be set reasonably according to the actual situation.

[0088] For example, in the embodiments provided in this application, L1 can be less than or equal to 0.1 times the operating wavelength of the first radiating unit 11. By reasonably adjusting the distance between the center of the first conductive element and the center of the first radiating unit 11, the coupling effect between the first conductive element and the first radiating unit 11 can be effectively improved, thereby effectively narrowing the beamwidth of the first radiating unit 11 and improving the gain of the first radiating unit 11. Here, the operating wavelength of the first radiating unit 11 refers to the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the wireless signal emitted or received by the first radiating unit 11.

[0089] In addition, the length of the first conductive element can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs when setting it.

[0090] For example, in the embodiments provided in this application, the first conductive element is linear, and the length of the first conductive element can be greater than or equal to 0.25 times the operating wavelength of the first radiating unit 11.

[0091] Furthermore, considering the influence of standing waves, extensive experiments and data comparisons have revealed that if the length of the first conductive element is slightly greater than 0.25 times the operating wavelength of the first radiating element 11, the first conductive element can couple better with the first radiating element 11, thus significantly narrowing the beamwidth of the first radiating element 11. Therefore, in specific implementations, the length of the first conductive element can be 0.26, 0.27, or 0.28 times the operating wavelength of the first radiating element 11, etc. This application does not impose specific limitations on this. Of course, in specific applications, the lengths of multiple first conductive elements can be the same or different, and this application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0092] In addition, the shape of the first conductive element can be varied when it is configured.

[0093] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown. In the embodiments provided in this application, the first conductive element 12 is linear in shape, or strip-shaped. In specific implementations, the first conductive element 12 can be made of metal (such as copper, aluminum, etc.) or other non-metallic materials with good conductivity. During manufacturing, processes such as die casting and cutting can be used. Alternatively, the first conductive element 12 can also be a printed circuit board.

[0094] Of course, in specific implementation, the first conductive element 12 can be made using other conductive materials or other manufacturing processes, and this application does not limit this.

[0095] To more clearly illustrate the beneficial technical effect of narrowing the beamwidth of the first radiating element 11 after setting the first conductive element 12, this application embodiment also provides a comparison diagram of data simulation. For example... Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the beamwidth in degrees (deg). The dashed lines S1-S4 represent the simulated beamwidth of the first radiating element 11 as a function of the operating frequency when the first conductive element 12 is not present. The solid lines L1-L4 represent the simulated beamwidth of the first radiating element 11 as a function of the operating frequency after the first conductive element 12 is present. Please refer to... Figure 4 and Figure 7 By comparing S1 and L1, it can be clearly seen that after the first radiating unit 11 is equipped with the first conductive element 12a and the first conductive element 12c, if the radiation power decreases by 10dB as the standard, the beamwidth is narrowed by more than 20 degrees in the polarization direction formed by the radiating arm a and the radiating arm c.

[0096] By comparing S2 and L2, it can be clearly seen that after the first radiating unit 11 is equipped with the first conductive element 12b and the first conductive element 12d, if the radiation power decreases by 10dB as the standard, the beamwidth narrows by more than 20 degrees in the polarization direction formed by the radiating arm b and the radiating arm d.

[0097] By comparing S3 and L3, it can be clearly seen that after the first radiating unit 11 is equipped with the first conductive element 12a and the first conductive element 12c, if the radiated power decreases by 3dB as the standard, the beamwidth is narrowed by more than 20 degrees in the polarization direction formed by the radiating arm a and the radiating arm c.

[0098] By comparing S4 and L4, it can be clearly seen that after the first radiating unit 11 is equipped with the first conductive element 12b and the first conductive element 12d, if the radiated power decreases by 3dB as the standard, the beamwidth is narrowed by more than 20 degrees in the polarization direction formed by the radiating arm b and the radiating arm d.

[0099] In addition, such as Figure 8 As shown, in specific applications, antenna 10 may also include a second radiating element 13. The operating frequency of the first radiating element 11 can be higher than the operating frequency of the second radiating element 13. It is understood that by configuring multiple radiating elements with different operating frequencies in antenna 10, the bandwidth of antenna 10 can be effectively increased.

[0100] It should be noted that in practical applications, the operating frequency of the radiating elements (such as the first radiating element 11 and the second radiating element 13) will be within a certain frequency range, not just a specific frequency band. Therefore, the fact that the operating frequency of the first radiating element 11 is greater than that of the second radiating element 13 can also be understood as the maximum operating frequency of the first radiating element 11 being greater than that of the second radiating element 13.

[0101] In one implementation, the second radiating element 13 may be provided with a second conductive element 14 to narrow the beamwidth of the antenna 10 and increase the gain.

[0102] It is understandable that the first radiating unit 11 and the second radiating unit 13 can be understood as two radiating units with different operating frequencies. Furthermore, the first conductive element 12 is a conductive element corresponding to the first radiating unit 11, and the second conductive element 14 is a conductive element corresponding to the second radiating unit 12.

[0103] The arrangement of the second conductive element 14 relative to the second radiating unit 13 can be the same as or similar to the arrangement of the first conductive element 12 relative to the first radiating unit 11. For example, as Figure 9As shown, in one embodiment provided in this application, four second conductive elements are provided, namely second conductive element 14a, second conductive element 14b, second conductive element 14c, and second conductive element 14d. The four second conductive elements are arranged in a ring around the center O of the second radiating unit 13. In addition, the distance between the second conductive element and the center O of the second radiating unit 13 is L3, and the farthest distance between the second radiating unit 13 and the center O is L4. Wherein, L3≤L4, so that the second conductive element is coupled to the second radiating unit 13, thereby narrowing the beamwidth of the second radiating unit 13.

[0104] In practical applications, the second conductive element 14 and the first conductive element 12 may have the same or substantially the same structure.

[0105] To more clearly illustrate the beneficial technical effect of narrowing the beamwidth of the second radiating unit 13 after setting the second conductive element 14, this application embodiment also provides a comparison diagram of data simulation.

[0106] like Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the beamwidth in degrees.

[0107] The dashed lines S1-S4 represent the simulated curves of the beamwidth of the second radiating element 13 as a function of the operating frequency when the second conductive element 14 is not provided.

[0108] The solid lines L1-L4 represent the simulated curves of the beamwidth of the second radiating element 13 as the operating frequency changes after the second conductive element 14 is installed.

[0109] Combination Figure 9 and Figure 10 By comparing S1 and L1, it can be clearly seen that after the second radiating unit 13 is equipped with the second conductive element 14a and the second conductive element 14c, if the radiation power decreases by 10dB as the standard, the beamwidth is narrowed by more than 10 degrees in the polarization direction formed by the radiating arm a and the radiating arm c.

[0110] By comparing S2 and L2, it can be clearly seen that after the second radiating unit 13 is equipped with the second conductive element 14b and the second conductive element 14d, if the radiation power decreases by 10dB as the standard, the beamwidth narrows by more than 20 degrees in the polarization direction formed by the radiating arm b and the radiating arm d.

[0111] By comparing S3 and L3, it can be clearly seen that after the second radiating unit 13 is equipped with the second conductive element 14a and the second conductive element 14c, if the radiated power decreases by 3dB as the standard, the beamwidth narrows by more than 20 degrees in the polarization direction formed by the radiating arm a and the radiating arm c.

[0112] By comparing S4 and L4, it can be clearly seen that after the second radiating unit 13 is equipped with the second conductive element 14b and the second conductive element 14d, if the radiated power decreases by 3dB as the standard, the beamwidth narrows by more than 20 degrees in the polarization direction formed by the radiating arm b and the radiating arm d.

[0113] Furthermore, when the second radiating unit 13 is equipped with the second conductive element 14, the first radiating unit 11 will generate an induced current in the second conductive element 14 when generating a wireless signal. Since this induced current is out of phase with the current in the first radiating unit 11, it will weaken the signal transmission efficiency of the first radiating unit 11 and interfere with its signal. Therefore, in practical applications, a filtering structure can be provided on the second conductive element 14 to suppress the induced current in the second conductive element 14, thereby reducing the interference of the second conductive element 14 on the signal transmission of the first radiating unit 11.

[0114] like Figure 11 As shown in the embodiments provided in this application, by providing a filter structure 141 in the second conductive element 14, the induced current generated in the second conductive element 14 for the higher frequency wireless signal generated by the first radiating unit 11 can be suppressed, thereby improving the signal transmission efficiency and transmission quality of the first radiating unit 11.

[0115] Since the operating frequency of the first radiating unit 11 is higher than that of the second radiating unit 13, in one embodiment provided in this application, the filter structure 141 is specifically an inductor structure. Utilizing the characteristics of the inductor structure—passing low frequencies and blocking high frequencies—it can suppress the high-frequency current flowing through the second conductive element 14. Alternatively, it can be understood that the inductor structure can suppress the induced current generated in the second conductive element 14 by the wireless signal generated by the first radiating unit 11.

[0116] In practice, the filter structure 141 can be of various types. For example, it can be an inductor structure or other devices such as filters that can suppress high-frequency currents.

[0117] For example, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, in one embodiment provided in this application, the filter structure 141 is an inductor structure. Specifically, the second conductive element 14 can be bent to form an inductor structure. Utilizing the characteristics of the inductor structure to pass low frequencies and block high frequencies, high-frequency currents can be suppressed.

[0118] like Figure 13 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the gain in dB.

[0119] The dashed lines S1 and S2 represent the simulated gain curves of the first radiating unit 11 as the operating frequency changes when the second conductive element 14 is not set.

[0120] The solid lines L1 and L2 represent the simulated gain curves of the first radiating unit 11 as the operating frequency changes after the second conductive element 14 with the filter structure is set.

[0121] Combination Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 13 By comparing S1 and L1, it is clear that when the second radiating unit 13 is equipped with a second conductive element 14a and a second conductive element 14c with a filtering structure, the gain of the first radiating unit 11 does not change significantly. That is, the second conductive element 14a and the second conductive element c with a filtering structure do not have a significant impact on the gain of the first radiating unit 11.

[0122] By comparing S2 and L2, it is clear that when the second radiating unit 13 is equipped with the second conductive element 14b and the second conductive element 14d with filtering structures, the gain of the first radiating unit 11 does not change significantly. That is, the second conductive element 14b and the second conductive element 14d with filtering structures do not have a significant impact on the gain of the first radiating unit 11.

[0123] Of course, in specific implementations, the structure of filter structure 141 can be varied.

[0124] For example, such as Figure 14 As shown, the filter structure 141 can also be a fork-shaped structure. In the embodiments provided in this application, there are two fork-shaped structures, and the two fork-shaped structures are symmetrically arranged.

[0125] Of course, in other implementations, one fork structure may be provided, or three or more fork structures may be provided, and this application does not limit this.

[0126] Or, such as Figure 15 As shown, the filter structure 141 may also include a bent structure and a fork structure.

[0127] Or, such as Figure 16 As shown, the filter structure 141 may also include a wide-narrow connection structure. Specifically, the filter structure 141 may include a wide portion 1411 with a larger cross-section and a narrow portion 1412 with a smaller cross-section. The wide portion 1411 and the narrow portion 1412 are connected in sequence to form an inductor structure to suppress high-frequency current.

[0128] In summary, in specific implementations, the filter structure 141 may also include one of the following: a wide-narrow connection structure, a fork structure, or a bent structure, or a combination of at least two of them.

[0129] In addition, in other embodiments, the second conductive element 14 may also include other types of filter structures 141 capable of suppressing currents in higher frequency bands, which are not specifically limited in this application.

[0130] It is understood that, in practical applications, antenna 10 may contain two or more radiating elements. Furthermore, each of the multiple radiating elements may be equipped with a conductive element (such as the first conductive element 12 or the second conductive element 14 mentioned above). Alternatively, conductive elements may be provided in some of the radiating elements. Additionally, the operating frequency of each of the multiple radiating elements may be the same, or the power frequency of at least one radiating element may be different from the operating frequencies of the other radiating elements. Furthermore, the first conductive element 12 may also be provided with the same or substantially the same filtering structure as the second conductive element 14; this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0131] With the continuous innovation of communication technology, antennas are also developing towards miniaturization and higher integration. For example, an antenna may include multiple radiating elements, and these multiple radiating elements operating in different frequency bands need to be closely arranged to reduce the size of the antenna element. When multiple radiating elements are closely arranged, it is easy to cause obvious coupling between radiating elements operating in different frequency bands, which significantly affects the communication quality of the entire antenna.

[0132] The obvious coupling phenomenon between radiating elements operating in different frequency bands is also known as common-mode resonance between different radiating elements in an antenna.

[0133] In some antennas, common-mode resonance is suppressed by introducing tuning circuits. However, using tuning circuits makes the antenna structure more complex, increases the difficulty of manufacturing and matching, and is therefore not conducive to practical applications.

[0134] The operating frequency band of a radiating element is determined by its structure and boundaries. In multi-frequency antennas, generally, low-frequency radiating elements are larger, while high-frequency radiating elements are smaller. The radio signals radiated by high-frequency radiating elements are prone to common-mode resonance with low-frequency radiating elements, thus affecting the normal operation and radiation performance of the low-frequency radiating elements. From the radiation pattern, the radiation pattern of the low-frequency radiating elements will appear distorted.

[0135] To solve the above problems, such as Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown. In one embodiment provided in this application, the antenna 10 may further include a third conductive element 15. The third conductive element 15 may be grounded with the radiating element operating in the higher frequency band, for suppressing common-mode resonance generated in the radiating element operating in the lower frequency band by the higher frequency wireless signal.

[0136] Specifically, in the embodiments provided in this application, the operating frequency of the first radiating unit 11 is higher than the operating frequency of the second radiating unit 13. A third conductive element 15 is disposed at the center of the first radiating unit 11 and is grounded with the first radiating unit 11. The third conductive element 14 is coupled to the first radiating unit 11 to suppress common-mode resonance generated by the first radiating unit 11 in the frequency band of the second radiating unit 13. For example, when the second radiating unit 13 generates a wireless signal, the first radiating unit 11 is coupled to the second radiating unit 13, thus generating an induced current on the first radiating unit 11, which degrades the performance of the second radiating unit 13. When the third conductive element 15 is disposed at the center of the first radiating unit 11, when the second radiating unit 13 generates a wireless signal, induced currents with opposite phases are induced in the first radiating unit 11 and the third conductive element 15, canceling each other out and reducing the impact on the second radiating unit 13.

[0137] In practical applications, the third conductive element 15 can also be positioned slightly off-center from the center of the first radiating unit 11. Alternatively, it can be understood that the third conductive element 15 can be located at the center of the first radiating unit 11, or in a region near the center.

[0138] In addition, when setting the third conductive element 15, the length of the third conductive element 15 can also be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs.

[0139] For example, in the embodiments provided in this application, the length of the third conductive element 15 may be greater than or equal to 0.25 times the operating wavelength of the first radiating element 11.

[0140] Furthermore, considering the influence of standing waves, and through extensive experiments and data comparisons, it was found that if the length of the third conductive element 15 is slightly greater than 0.25 times the operating wavelength of the first radiating unit 11, the third conductive element 15 can couple better with the first radiating unit 11, thereby effectively suppressing the high-frequency current in the first radiating unit 11. Of course, in specific implementations, the length of the third conductive element 15 can be 0.26 times, 0.27 times, or 0.28 times the operating wavelength of the first radiating unit 11, etc. This application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0141] In practical implementation, the third conductive element 15 can be a strip-shaped structure, and it can be made of metal (such as copper, aluminum, etc.) or other non-metallic materials with good conductivity. During manufacturing, processes such as die casting and cutting can be used. Alternatively, the third conductive element 15 can also be a printed circuit board.

[0142] Of course, in specific implementation, the third conductive element 15 can be made using other conductive materials or other manufacturing processes, and this application does not limit this.

[0143] like Figure 18 As shown, in some embodiments, the first radiating element 11 can also be fed by a balun 16. The main function of the balun 16 is to convert and match electrical signals that are relatively balanced with the reference ground and electrical signals that are relatively unbalanced with the reference ground, thereby improving the matching degree between the first radiating element 11 and the feeding network, and thus improving the signal transmission quality of the first radiating element 11.

[0144] It should be noted that, in actual implementation, the balun 16 can be configured using the more conventional methods currently available, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0145] In addition, in the embodiments provided in this application, the third conductive element 15 can also be electrically connected to the balun 16, so that the current in the third conductive element 15 is out of phase with the current in the balun 16, thereby canceling each other out and effectively suppressing common-mode resonance.

[0146] Continue to refer to Figure 18 In some embodiments, the first radiating element 11 may be equipped with a director piece 17 to enhance the gain of the first radiating element 11. It is understood that, in specific implementations, the specific parameters, type, and placement of the director piece 17 can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs, and this application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0147] In some embodiments, a first conductive element 12 and a third conductive element 15 may be provided in both the first radiating unit 11.

[0148] In specific implementation, there are multiple ways to achieve a common ground between the third conductive element 15 and the first radiating unit 11.

[0149] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, a common ground connection between the third conductive element 15 and the first radiating unit 11 can be achieved by providing an additional common ground 18. The common ground 18 can be a metal plate, a printed circuit board, or other types of conductive structures. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0150] Or, such as Figure 11 As shown, in one embodiment provided in this application, the antenna 10 may include a reflector 19. The reflector 19 generally has a front (i.e., a reflective surface) and a back (a surface opposite to the front). The front can provide a mounting position for radiating elements (such as the first radiating element 11 and the second radiating element 13) and can also effectively improve the signal transmission and reception performance of the radiating elements. In addition, the reflector 19 can also block and shield other electromagnetic signals from the back, thereby providing a certain degree of anti-interference for the radiating elements.

[0151] In practical applications, the reflector 19 is generally made of conductive materials such as metal. Therefore, when the common ground connection between the third conductive element 15 and the first radiating unit 11 is realized, both the third conductive element 15 and the first radiating unit 11 can be electrically connected to the reflector 19.

[0152] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, Includes a first radiating unit and a first conductive element; The first radiating unit is used to transmit or receive wireless signals; The first conductive element and the first radiating unit are connected to a common ground; wherein... One polarization of the first radiating unit corresponds to 2N first conductive elements, where N is a positive integer; The distance between the first conductive element and the center of the first radiating unit is L1, and the farthest distance from the edge of the first radiating unit to the center is L2, where L1 ≤ L2; The antenna further includes a second radiating element, wherein the operating frequency of the first radiating element is higher than the operating frequency of the second radiating element. The antenna further includes a third conductive element, which is connected to the first radiating element via a common ground. The third conductive element is located at the center of the first radiating unit and is coupled to the first radiating unit to suppress common-mode resonance generated by the first radiating unit in the second radiating unit.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conductive element is used to narrow the beamwidth of the first radiating element.

3. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The L1 is less than or equal to 0.1 times the operating wavelength of the first radiating element.

4. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The length of the first conductive element is greater than or equal to 0.25 times the operating wavelength of the first radiating unit.

5. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The antenna further includes a second conductive element, which is connected to the same ground as the second radiating element; Wherein, one polarization of the second radiating unit is provided with 2M second conductive elements, where M is a positive integer; The distance between the second conductive element and the center of the second radiating unit is L3, and the farthest distance from the edge of the second radiating unit to the center of the second radiating unit is L4, where L3 ≤ L4.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second conductive element is used to narrow the beamwidth of the second radiating element.

7. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The L3 is less than or equal to 0.1 times the operating wavelength of the second radiating unit.

8. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second conductive element includes a filtering structure, which is used to filter the wireless signal of the first radiating unit to reduce the interference of the second conductive element on the wireless signal of the first radiating unit.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The filtering structure includes at least one of a wide-narrow connection structure, a fork structure, or a bent structure.

10. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first conductive element is linear.

11. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first conductive element is a metal strip or a printed circuit board.

12. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second conductive element is linear.

13. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second conductive element is a metal strip or a printed circuit board.

14. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The third conductive element is linear.

15. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The third conductive component is a metal strip or a printed circuit board.

16. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The antenna also includes a balun, and the third conductive element is electrically connected to the balun.

17. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The antenna further includes a reflector having a reflective surface, and the first radiating element and the first conductive element are located on one side of the reflective surface.

18. The antenna according to claim 17, characterized in that, The first conductive element and the first radiating unit are connected to a common ground, including: the first radiating unit and the first conductive element are electrically connected to a common ground on the reflector.

19. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The antenna further includes a reflector having a reflective surface, and the second radiating element and the second conductive element are located on one side of the reflective surface.

20. The antenna according to claim 19, characterized in that, The second conductive element is connected to the first radiating unit at a common ground, including: the second radiating unit and the second conductive element are electrically connected to the common ground on the reflector.

21. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The antenna further includes a reflector having a reflective surface, and the first radiating element and the third conductive element are located on one side of the reflective surface.

22. The antenna according to claim 21, characterized in that, The third conductive element is connected to the first radiating unit at a common ground, including: the first radiating unit and the third conductive element are electrically connected to the common ground on the reflector.

23. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 22.

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