A method for manufacturing chromium-zirconium copper plate for high-speed rail carriage welding electrodes

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a chromium-zirconium-copper plate for a high-speed railway carriage welding electrode, comprising the following steps: S1, preparing a chromium-zirconium-copper alloy flat ingot; S2, cutting the flat ingot into a blank, and hot-rolling the blank into a chromium-zirconium-copper plate; S3, performing a solid solution treatment on the chromium-zirconium-copper plate; S4, using a milling machine to remove surface defects of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate; S5, cold rolling the chromium-zirconium-copper plate; S6, performing an aging treatment on the chromium-zirconium-copper plate; S7, fine milling the chromium-zirconium-copper plate; the chromium-zirconium-copper plate produced by the method of the invention has the characteristics of high strength and high conductivity, and has good consistency between conductivity and strength, and can be mass-produced, thereby improving production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of copper alloy manufacturing, and in particular to a method for manufacturing a chromium-zirconium copper plate for high-speed railway carriage welding electrodes. Background Art

[0002] High-speed rail is currently a vital mode of transportation, and high-speed rail carriages are primarily constructed from sheet metal, such as carbon steel, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy. Due to limitations in the size and shape of sheet metal, carriage components are typically fabricated from one or more pieces of metal, then connected through welding.

[0003] Chromium-zirconium copper has good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, high hardness, wear resistance, explosion resistance, crack resistance, high softening temperature, low electrode loss during welding, fast welding speed, and low total welding cost. It is usually used in high-speed rail carriage welding electrodes.

[0004] The traditional manufacturing method for chromium-zirconium copper plates used in high-speed rail carriage welding electrodes typically involves non-vacuum induction melting, forging, solution treatment, aging treatment, and milling. This method produces plates with low mechanical properties and poor consistency. Furthermore, the forging process results in low production efficiency and is prone to crack formation, resulting in low material utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing chromium-zirconium copper plates for high-speed railway carriage welding electrodes.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for manufacturing a chromium-zirconium copper plate for high-speed railway carriage welding electrodes, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, Downward Continuous Casting

[0008] The chromium-zirconium-copper alloy flat ingots were produced by using copper alloy downdraft continuous casting equipment.

[0009] S2, hot rolling

[0010] The flat ingot is cut into blanks using a blanking device, and the blanks are heated to 850-980°C and kept warm for 1.5-3 hours. After the heating is completed, the blanks are cross-rolled 8-15 times to roll the width of the blanks to 1250-1350 mm to obtain chromium-zirconium copper plates, and lubricating oil is sprayed on the surface of the blanks before the first cross-rolling, and the spraying dosage of the lubricating oil is 3 ml / cm 2 , and then the spraying dosage of lubricating oil is reduced by 0.5ml / cm each time cross rolling is carried out 2 , no longer spray lubricating oil before the 7th and subsequent cross-rolling;

[0011] S3, solution treatment

[0012] performing a solid solution treatment on the chromium-zirconium-copper plate;

[0013] S4, rough milling

[0014] A milling machine is used to remove surface defects of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate after solution treatment to obtain a rough-milled chromium-zirconium-copper plate;

[0015] S5, cold rolling

[0016] The chromium-zirconium-copper plate after rough milling is subjected to 8 to 15 cold rolling cycles, wherein the cold rolling is performed by horizontal and vertical rolling, and the thickness of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate is rolled to 15 to 20 mm;

[0017] S6. Aging treatment

[0018] Performing aging treatment on the cold-rolled chromium-zirconium-copper sheet;

[0019] S7, fine milling

[0020] The chromium-zirconium-copper plate after aging treatment is fine-milled using a milling machine. After fine-milling, the length of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate is 2300 mm, the width is 1200 mm, and the thickness is 12 mm.

[0021] Description: The chromium-zirconium copper plate for high-speed rail carriage welding electrode manufacturing method described above has the characteristics of high strength and high conductivity, and has good consistency between conductivity and strength. It can also be mass-produced by rolling, which improves production efficiency. The chromium-zirconium copper plate has few internal defects and can completely replace the existing chromium-zirconium copper plate manufacturing method.

[0022] Furthermore, the slab in step S1 has a length of 5000-6500 mm, a width of 350-450 mm, and a thickness of 130-180 mm.

[0023] Note: Specifying the size of flat ingots can facilitate unified production and ensure material utilization during blanking.

[0024] Furthermore, the length of the blank in step S2 is 1000-1300 mm.

[0025] Note: Specifying the length of the blank can ensure that the size of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate obtained after hot rolling is relatively stable.

[0026] Furthermore, the heating in step S2 is performed in a hydrogen furnace, and the protective atmosphere of the hydrogen furnace is 5-100% hydrogen and the rest is nitrogen.

[0027] Note: Using a hydrogen furnace for heating can avoid high-temperature oxidation on the surface of the blank during the heating process, which will affect the performance of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate.

[0028] Furthermore, the components of the lubricating oil in step S2 include, by mass, 40-60 parts of base oil, 10-20 parts of n-decanol, 1-5 parts of dialkyldiphenylamine, 4-8 parts of lecithin, 1-5 parts of benzotriazole, and 5-10 parts of ethylene glycol diacetate.

[0029] Description: The lubricating oil with the above ingredients has good lubrication effect, can reduce friction, reduce blank forming loss, and can effectively isolate the air, prevent high-temperature oxidation of the blank surface during hot rolling, avoid gas entering the blank structure during hot rolling to form defects, and improve the performance of chromium-zirconium-copper plate.

[0030] Furthermore, after the cold rolling in step S5 is completed, the chromium-zirconium-copper plate is leveled, and the flatness of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate after leveling is less than or equal to 3 mm.

[0031] Note: Leveling can avoid bending caused by plate deformation and improve the yield rate.

[0032] Furthermore, the aging treatment method in step S6 is: using a heat treatment furnace to heat the cold-rolled chromium-zirconium copper plate to 400-460° C., keeping it warm for 3-5 hours, and then taking it out of the furnace and air-cooling it after the end of the heat treatment.

[0033] Description: Aging treatment can eliminate the internal stress of chromium zirconium copper plate after cold rolling, stabilize the size of chromium zirconium copper plate, and improve the strength and hardness of chromium zirconium copper plate.

[0034] As an optional technical solution of the present invention: the method of the solid solution treatment in step S3 is: using a heat treatment furnace to heat the chromium zirconium copper plate to 920-980° C., keeping it warm for 0.5-2 hours, and then taking it out of the furnace and cooling it with water after the insulation is completed.

[0035] Description: Solution treatment can obtain supersaturated solid solution, reduce the segregation of chromium and zirconium in the copper matrix, refine the grains of chromium-zirconium copper plate, obtain larger grain size, and improve the strength and hardness of chromium-zirconium copper plate.

[0036] As another optional technical solution of the present invention: the method of the solid solution treatment in step S3 is:

[0037] S3-1, using a heat treatment furnace to heat the chromium-zirconium copper plate to 920-980° C., keeping the temperature for 0.5-2 hours, and then taking it out of the furnace;

[0038] S3-2: After the chrome-zirconium copper plate is taken out of the furnace, a current of 20-40V and 5-10A is applied to the plate. At the same time, a coolant is sprayed on the surface of the plate. The spraying dose of the coolant is 0.5-0.8ml / cm per minute. 2 , when the temperature of the chromium zirconium copper plate drops by 150-200℃, the current increases by 2-4A, and the spraying dose of the coolant decreases by 0.1ml / cm 2 ;

[0039] S3-3. When the temperature of the chromium-zirconium copper plate is less than or equal to 320°C, turn off the current and stop spraying the coolant.

[0040] Description: The above-mentioned solution treatment uses coolant to rapidly cool the chromium-zirconium copper plate while current is passed through it. Due to the thermal effect of the current, the cooling rate of the chromium-zirconium copper plate will slow down after the power is turned on. Under the dual effects of increasing the current and reducing the coolant spray dosage, the cooling rate of the chromium-zirconium copper plate will gradually decrease. This can avoid defects such as cracks in the chromium-zirconium copper plate during rapid cooling. In addition, the electrical conductivity of the chromium-zirconium copper plate is improved under the action of current and coolant, avoiding the decrease in conductivity caused by the increase in hardness of the chromium-zirconium copper plate.

[0041] Furthermore, the components of the coolant include, by mass percentage, 10-15% ethylene glycol, 5-10% triethanolamine, 10-15% sodium benzoate, 3-8% tolyl diphenyl phosphate, and the balance deionized water.

[0042] Description: The coolant of the present invention has good cooling effect and is safe to use. It can avoid high-temperature oxidation of the surface of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate and can improve the conductivity of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate under the combined action of electric current.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0044] (1) The method for manufacturing chromium-zirconium copper plates for high-speed railway carriage welding electrodes of the present invention produces chromium-zirconium copper plates with the characteristics of high strength and high conductivity, and good consistency between conductivity and strength. The plates can also be mass-produced by rolling, thereby improving production efficiency. The plates have few internal defects and can completely replace the existing method for manufacturing chromium-zirconium copper plates.

[0045] (2) The present invention performs aging treatment by using a coolant and an electric current. The coolant causes the chromium-zirconium-copper plate to cool rapidly, while the electric current is introduced to slow down the cooling rate of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate. Under the dual effects of increasing the electric current and decreasing the coolant spraying dosage, the cooling rate of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate will gradually decrease. This can avoid defects such as cracks generated inside the chromium-zirconium-copper plate during rapid cooling, and the electrical conductivity of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate is improved under the action of the electric current and the coolant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods to better demonstrate the advantages of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] A method for manufacturing a chromium-zirconium copper plate for high-speed railway carriage welding electrodes comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1, Downward Continuous Casting

[0050] A chromium-zirconium-copper alloy flat ingot with a length of 6000 mm, a width of 420 mm and a thickness of 150 mm was produced using a copper alloy downdraft continuous casting device.

[0051] S2, hot rolling

[0052] The flat ingot is cut into blanks of 1200mm in length using a blanking device. The blank is heated to 920℃ in a hydrogen furnace and kept warm for 2h. The protective atmosphere of the hydrogen furnace is 50% hydrogen and the rest is nitrogen. After heating, the blank is cross-rolled 12 times to a width of 1300mm to obtain chromium-zirconium-copper plates. Before the first cross-rolling, lubricating oil is sprayed on the surface of the blank at a spraying dose of 3ml / cm 2 , and then the spraying dosage of lubricating oil is reduced by 0.5ml / cm each time cross rolling is carried out 2 , no longer spray lubricating oil before the 7th and subsequent cross-rolling;

[0053] The components of the lubricating oil are as follows: 50 parts of base oil, 15 parts of n-decyl alcohol, 3 parts of dialkyl diphenylamine, 6 parts of lecithin, 3 parts of benzotriazole, and 8 parts of ethylene glycol diacetate. The base oil is No. 32 total loss system oil.

[0054] S3, solution treatment

[0055] The chromium zirconium copper plate is subjected to a solution treatment. The solution treatment method is as follows: the chromium zirconium copper plate is heated to 960°C in a heat treatment furnace, kept at this temperature for 1 hour, and then taken out of the furnace and water-cooled after the heat treatment is completed;

[0056] S4, rough milling

[0057] A milling machine is used to remove surface defects of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate after solution treatment to obtain a rough-milled chromium-zirconium-copper plate;

[0058] S5, cold rolling

[0059] The chromium-zirconium-copper sheet after rough milling is cold rolled 12 times, and the cold rolling is carried out by horizontal and vertical rolling to reduce the thickness of the chromium-zirconium-copper sheet to 18 mm. After the cold rolling is completed, the chromium-zirconium-copper sheet is leveled using a leveling machine. After leveling, the flatness of the chromium-zirconium-copper sheet is 3 mm.

[0060] S6. Aging treatment

[0061] The cold-rolled chromium-zirconium-copper sheet is subjected to aging treatment. The aging treatment method is as follows: the cold-rolled chromium-zirconium-copper sheet is heated to 430°C in a heat treatment furnace, kept at this temperature for 4 hours, and then taken out of the furnace and air-cooled after the end of the heat treatment;

[0062] S7, fine milling

[0063] The chromium-zirconium-copper plate after aging treatment is fine-milled using a milling machine. After fine-milling, the length of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate is 2300 mm, the width is 1200 mm, and the thickness is 12 mm.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the slab ingot has a length of 5000 mm, a width of 350 mm, and a thickness of 130 mm; and a blanking device is used to cut the slab ingot into blanks with a length of 1000 mm.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the slab ingot has a length of 6500 mm, a width of 450 mm, and a thickness of 180 mm; and a blanking device is used to cut the slab ingot into blanks with a length of 1300 mm.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that during hot rolling, the blank is heated to 850° C. in a hydrogen furnace and kept warm for 1.5 hours. The protective atmosphere of the hydrogen furnace is 5% hydrogen and the rest is nitrogen.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that during hot rolling, the blank is heated to 980° C. in a hydrogen furnace and kept warm for 3 hours, and the protective atmosphere of the hydrogen furnace is 100% hydrogen.

[0072] Example 6

[0073] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that during hot rolling, the blank is subjected to 8 cross-rolling cycles to reduce the width of the blank to 1350 mm to obtain a chromium-zirconium-copper plate; during cold rolling, the rough-milled chromium-zirconium-copper plate is subjected to 8 cold rolling cycles to reduce the thickness of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate to 20 mm.

[0074] Example 7

[0075] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that during hot rolling, the blank is subjected to 15 cross-rolling cycles to reduce the width of the blank to 1250 mm to obtain a chromium-zirconium-copper plate; during cold rolling, the rough-milled chromium-zirconium-copper plate is subjected to 15 cold rolling cycles to reduce the thickness of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate to 15 mm.

[0076] Example 8

[0077] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the components of the lubricating oil include, by mass, 40 parts of base oil, 10 parts of n-decanol, 1 part of dialkyldiphenylamine, 4 parts of lecithin, 1 part of benzotriazole, and 5 parts of ethylene glycol diacetate.

[0078] Example 9

[0079] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the components of the lubricating oil include, by mass, 60 parts of base oil, 20 parts of n-decanol, 5 parts of dialkyldiphenylamine, 8 parts of lecithin, 5 parts of benzotriazole, and 10 parts of ethylene glycol diacetate.

[0080] Example 10

[0081] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that during the aging treatment, the cold-rolled chromium-zirconium copper plate is heated to 400° C. in a heat treatment furnace and kept at this temperature for 3 hours. After the heat preservation is completed, the plate is taken out of the furnace and air-cooled.

[0082] Example 11

[0083] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that during the aging treatment, the cold-rolled chromium-zirconium copper plate is heated to 460° C. in a heat treatment furnace and kept at this temperature for 5 hours. After the heat preservation is completed, the plate is taken out of the furnace and air-cooled.

[0084] Example 12

[0085] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the method of solution treatment is:

[0086] S3-1. Heat the chromium-zirconium copper plate to 960°C in a heat treatment furnace, keep it at this temperature for 1 hour, and then remove it from the furnace;

[0087] S3-2: After the chrome-zirconium copper plate is taken out of the furnace, a current of 30V and 8A is applied to the plate. At the same time, a coolant is sprayed on the surface of the plate. The spraying dose of the coolant is 0.6ml / cm per minute. 2 For every 180℃ drop in the temperature of the chromium-zirconium copper plate, the current increases by 3A and the spraying dose of the coolant decreases by 0.1ml / cm 2 ;

[0088] S3-3. When the temperature of the chromium-zirconium copper plate reaches 320°C, turn off the current and stop spraying the coolant.

[0089] The components of the coolant include, by mass percentage, 12% ethylene glycol, 8% triethanolamine, 12% sodium benzoate, 5% tolyl diphenyl phosphate, and the balance deionized water.

[0090] Example 13

[0091] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 10 is that during the solution treatment, the chromium-zirconium-copper plate is heated to 920° C. in a heat treatment furnace and kept at this temperature for 0.5 h before being taken out of the furnace.

[0092] Example 14

[0093] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 10 is that during the solution treatment, the chromium-zirconium-copper plate is heated to 980° C. in a heat treatment furnace and kept at this temperature for 2 hours before being taken out of the furnace.

[0094] Example 15

[0095] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 10 is that after being taken out of the furnace, a current of 20V, 5A is applied to the chromium zirconium copper plate, and a coolant is sprayed on the surface of the chromium zirconium copper plate at a spraying dose of 0.5ml / cm per minute. 2 .

[0096] Example 16

[0097] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 10 is that after being taken out of the furnace, a current of 40V and 10A is applied to the chromium-zirconium-copper plate, and a coolant is sprayed on the surface of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate at a spraying dose of 0.8ml / cm per minute. 2 .

[0098] Example 17

[0099] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 10 is that the current increases by 2A for every 150°C drop in the temperature of the chromium-zirconium copper plate, and the spraying dose of the coolant decreases by 0.1ml / cm 2 .

[0100] Example 18

[0101] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 10 is that the current increases by 4A for every 200°C drop in the temperature of the chromium-zirconium copper plate, and the spraying dose of the coolant decreases by 0.1ml / cm 2 .

[0102] Example 19

[0103] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 10 is that the components of the coolant include, by mass percentage, 10% ethylene glycol, 5% triethanolamine, 10% sodium benzoate, 3% tolyl diphenyl phosphate, and the balance deionized water.

[0104] Example 20

[0105] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 10 is that the components of the coolant include, by mass percentage, 15% ethylene glycol, 10% triethanolamine, 15% sodium benzoate, 8% tolyl diphenyl phosphate, and the balance deionized water.

[0106] Experimental example

[0107] The mechanical properties of the chromium-zirconium copper plates prepared in each embodiment were tested, and the specific research is as follows:

[0108] 1. Investigate the influence of flat ingot and blank size on the performance of chromium zirconium copper plate:

[0109] Using Examples 1, 2, and 3 as experimental comparisons, the properties of the obtained chromium-zirconium copper sheet are shown in Table 1 below:

[0110] Table 1 Properties of chromium-zirconium copper plates obtained from flat ingots and blanks of different sizes

[0111]

[0112]

[0113] It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the chromium-zirconium copper plate obtained by the flat ingot and blank sizes of Example 1 has the highest tensile strength, conductivity and hardness, and the flat ingot and blank sizes of Example 1 are optimal.

[0114] 2. Investigate the influence of hydrogen furnace parameters on the performance of chromium-zirconium copper plates:

[0115] Using Examples 1, 4, and 5 as experimental comparisons, the properties of the obtained chromium-zirconium copper sheet are shown in Table 2 below:

[0116] Table 2 Properties of chromium-zirconium-copper plates obtained with different hydrogen furnace parameters

[0117] Group Tensile strength (Mpa) Electrical conductivity (% IACS) Hardness (HB) Example 1 460 79 152 Example 4 436 70 133 Example 5 441 72 138

[0118] It can be seen from the data in Table 2 that the tensile strength, electrical conductivity and hardness of the chromium-zirconium copper plate obtained by the hydrogen furnace parameters of Example 1 are the highest, and the hydrogen furnace parameters of Example 1 are the best.

[0119] 3. Investigate the effects of hot rolling and cold rolling parameters on the properties of chromium zirconium copper plates:

[0120] Using Examples 1, 6, and 7 as experimental comparisons, the properties of the obtained chromium-zirconium copper sheet are shown in Table 3 below:

[0121] Table 3 Properties of chromium-zirconium-copper sheets obtained with different hot rolling and cold rolling parameters

[0122]

[0123]

[0124] It can be seen from the data in Table 3 that the chromium-zirconium copper plate obtained by the hot rolling and cold rolling parameters of Example 1 has the highest tensile strength, conductivity and hardness, and the hot rolling and cold rolling parameters of Example 1 are optimal.

[0125] 4. Investigate the effect of lubricating oil composition on the performance of chromium-zirconium copper plate:

[0126] Examples 1, 8, and 9 were used as experimental comparisons. Example 1 was used as a reference, and the spraying dosage of the lubricating oil was not changed as comparative example 1. The properties of the obtained chromium-zirconium copper plate are shown in Table 4 below:

[0127] Table 4 Properties of chromium-zirconium copper plates obtained with different lubricating oil compositions

[0128] Group Tensile strength (Mpa) Electrical conductivity (% IACS) Hardness (HB) Example 1 460 79 152 Example 8 442 73 140 Example 9 431 71 136 Comparative Example 1 437 73 138

[0129] As can be seen from the data in Table 4, compared with Examples 1, 8, and 9, the chromium-zirconium copper plate obtained by the lubricating oil composition of Example 1 has the highest tensile strength, conductivity, and hardness, and the lubricating oil composition of Example 1 is optimal; compared with Comparative Example 1, the chromium-zirconium copper plate obtained by the lubricating oil spraying method of Example 1 has better performance.

[0130] 5. Investigate the influence of aging treatment parameters on the performance of chromium-zirconium copper plates:

[0131] Using Examples 1, 10, and 11 as experimental comparisons, the properties of the obtained chromium-zirconium copper plates are shown in Table 5 below:

[0132] Table 5 Properties of chromium-zirconium copper plates obtained with different aging treatment parameters

[0133] Group Tensile strength (Mpa) Electrical conductivity (% IACS) Hardness (HB) Example 1 460 79 152 Example 10 433 70 134 Example 11 438 72 139

[0134] It can be seen from the data in Table 5 that the chromium-zirconium copper plate obtained by the aging treatment parameters of Example 1 has the highest tensile strength, conductivity and hardness, and the aging treatment parameters of Example 1 are optimal.

[0135] 6. Investigate the effect of solution treatment on the performance of chromium-zirconium copper plates:

[0136] Using Examples 1 and 12 as experimental comparisons, the properties of the obtained chromium-zirconium copper sheet are shown in Table 6 below:

[0137] Table 6 Properties of chromium-zirconium-copper plates obtained by different solution treatment methods

[0138] Group Tensile strength (Mpa) Electrical conductivity (% IACS) Hardness (HB) Example 1 460 79 152 Example 12 496 92 176

[0139] As can be seen from the data in Table 6, the tensile strength, conductivity, and hardness of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate obtained by the solution treatment method of Example 12 are all improved compared with those of Example 1, indicating that the solution treatment method of Example 12 can improve the strength of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate while improving the conductivity.

[0140] 7. Investigate the effect of solution treatment parameters on the properties of chromium-zirconium copper plates:

[0141] Using Examples 12, 13, and 14 as experimental comparisons, the properties of the obtained chromium-zirconium copper plates are shown in Table 7 below:

[0142] Table 7 Properties of chromium-zirconium-copper plates obtained with different solution treatment parameters

[0143]

[0144]

[0145] It can be seen from the data in Table 7 that the tensile strength, conductivity and hardness of the chromium-zirconium copper plate obtained by the solution treatment parameters of Example 12 are the highest, and the solution treatment parameters of Example 12 are optimal.

[0146] 8. Investigate the effects of current and initial coolant volume on the performance of chromium-zirconium copper plates:

[0147] Using Examples 12, 15, and 16 as experimental comparisons, the properties of the obtained chromium-zirconium copper plates are shown in Table 8 below:

[0148] Table 8 Properties of chromium-zirconium copper plates obtained with different currents and initial amounts of coolant

[0149] Group Tensile strength (Mpa) Electrical conductivity (% IACS) Hardness (HB) Example 12 496 92 176 Example 15 472 85 166 Example 16 481 88 170

[0150] It can be seen from the data in Table 8 that the tensile strength, conductivity, and hardness of the chromium-zirconium copper plate obtained by the current and initial amount of coolant in Example 12 are the highest, and the current and initial amount of coolant in Example 12 are optimal.

[0151] 9. Investigate the effects of changing current and coolant parameters on the performance of chromium-zirconium copper plates:

[0152] Examples 12, 17, and 18 were used for experimental comparison. Example 12 was used as a reference, and the current and coolant dosage were not changed as comparative example 2. The properties of the chromium-zirconium copper plate obtained are shown in Table 9 below:

[0153] Table 9 Properties of chromium-zirconium copper plates obtained by varying current and coolant parameters

[0154]

[0155]

[0156] As can be seen from the data in Table 9, compared with Examples 12, 17, and 18, the chromium-zirconium copper plate obtained by varying the current and coolant parameters in Example 12 has the highest tensile strength, conductivity, and hardness, and the varying current and coolant parameters in Example 12 are optimal. Compared with Comparative Example 2, the chromium-zirconium copper plate obtained by varying the current size and coolant dosage in Example 12 has better performance.

[0157] 10. Investigate the effect of coolant composition on the performance of chromium-zirconium copper plate:

[0158] Examples 12, 19, and 20 were used as experimental comparisons. Using Example 12 as a reference, the tolyl diphenyl phosphate in the coolant was replaced with deionized water as Comparative Example 3. The properties of the obtained chromium zirconium copper plate are shown in Table 10 below:

[0159] Table 10 Properties of chromium-zirconium copper plates obtained with different coolant compositions

[0160] Group Tensile strength (Mpa) Electrical conductivity (% IACS) Hardness (HB) Example 12 496 92 176 Example 19 472 84 161 Example 20 477 85 165 Comparative Example 3 465 81 159

[0161] As can be seen from the data in Table 10, compared with Examples 12, 19, and 20, the chromium-zirconium-copper sheet obtained with the coolant composition of Example 12 has the highest tensile strength, conductivity, and hardness, and the coolant composition of Example 12 is optimal. Compared with Comparative Example 3, the chromium-zirconium-copper sheet obtained in Example 12 has better performance, indicating that the addition of tolyl diphenyl phosphate to the coolant can improve the performance of the chromium-zirconium-copper sheet.

[0162] 11. Investigate the effect of the temperature of the chromium-zirconium copper plate on its performance when the current and coolant are stopped:

[0163] Taking Example 12 as a reference, when the temperature of the chromium-zirconium copper plate dropped to 380°C, the current was turned off and the spraying of the coolant was stopped as Comparative Example 4; when the temperature of the chromium-zirconium copper plate dropped to 300°C, the current was turned off and the spraying of the coolant was stopped as Comparative Example 5. The properties of the obtained chromium-zirconium copper plate are shown in Table 11 below:

[0164] Table 11 Properties of chromium-zirconium copper sheet obtained at different temperatures when current and coolant are stopped

[0165] Group Tensile strength (Mpa) Electrical conductivity (% IACS) Hardness (HB) Example 12 496 92 176 Comparative Example 4 480 86 166 Comparative Example 5 498 93 179

[0166] As can be seen from the data in Table 11, compared with Comparative Example 4, the chromium-zirconium copper plate obtained by the current in Example 12 and the temperature of the chromium-zirconium copper plate when the coolant is stopped has better performance; compared with Comparative Example 5, the data of Example 12 are not much different. From a cost perspective, the current and the temperature of the chromium-zirconium copper plate when the coolant is stopped selected in Example 12 are more optimal.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a chromium-zirconium copper plate for high-speed railway carriage welding electrodes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, Downward Continuous Casting The chromium-zirconium-copper alloy flat ingots were produced by using copper alloy downdraft continuous casting equipment. S2, hot rolling The flat ingot is cut into blanks using a blanking device, and the blanks are heated to 850-980°C and kept warm for 1.5-3 hours. After the heating is completed, the blanks are cross-rolled 8-15 times to roll the width of the blanks to 1250-1350 mm to obtain chromium-zirconium copper plates, and lubricating oil is sprayed on the surface of the blanks before the first cross-rolling, and the spraying dosage of the lubricating oil is 3 ml / cm 2 , and then the spraying dosage of lubricating oil is reduced by 0.5ml / cm each time cross rolling is carried out 2 , no longer spray lubricating oil before the 7th and subsequent cross-rolling; S3, solution treatment The chromium-zirconium-copper plate is subjected to a solution treatment; the method of the solution treatment is: S3-1, using a heat treatment furnace to heat the chromium-zirconium copper plate to 920-980° C., keeping the temperature for 0.5-2 hours, and then taking it out of the furnace; S3-2: After the chrome-zirconium copper plate is taken out of the furnace, a current of 20-40V and 5-10A is applied to the plate. At the same time, a coolant is sprayed on the surface of the plate. The spraying dose of the coolant is 0.5-0.8ml / cm per minute. 2 , when the temperature of the chromium zirconium copper plate drops by 150-200℃, the current increases by 2-4A, and the spraying dose of the coolant decreases by 0.1ml / cm 2 ; S3-3, until the temperature of the chromium-zirconium copper plate is less than or equal to 320°C, turn off the current and stop spraying the coolant; S4, rough milling A milling machine is used to remove surface defects of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate after solution treatment to obtain a rough-milled chromium-zirconium-copper plate; S5, cold rolling The chromium-zirconium-copper plate after rough milling is subjected to 8 to 15 cold rolling cycles, wherein the cold rolling is performed by horizontal and vertical rolling, and the thickness of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate is rolled to 15 to 20 mm; S6. Aging treatment Perform aging treatment on the cold-rolled chromium-zirconium copper sheet; S7, fine milling The chromium-zirconium-copper plate after aging treatment is fine-milled using a milling machine. After fine-milling, the length of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate is 2300 mm, the width is 1200 mm, and the thickness is 12 mm.

2. The method for manufacturing a chromium-zirconium copper plate for high-speed railway carriage welding electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slab ingot in step S1 has a length of 5000-6500 mm, a width of 350-450 mm, and a thickness of 130-180 mm.

3. The method for manufacturing a chromium-zirconium copper plate for high-speed railway carriage welding electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the blank in step S2 is 1000-1300 mm.

4. The method for manufacturing a chromium-zirconium copper plate for high-speed railway carriage welding electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating in step S2 is performed in a hydrogen furnace, and the protective atmosphere of the hydrogen furnace is 5-100% hydrogen and the rest is nitrogen.

5. The method for manufacturing a chromium-zirconium copper plate for high-speed railway carriage welding electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the lubricating oil in step S2 include, by mass, 40-60 parts of base oil, 10-20 parts of n-decyl alcohol, 1-5 parts of dialkyl diphenylamine, 4-8 parts of lecithin, 1-5 parts of benzotriazole, and 5-10 parts of ethylene glycol diacetate.

6. The method for manufacturing a chromium-zirconium copper plate for high-speed railway carriage welding electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the cold rolling in step S5 is completed, the chromium-zirconium-copper plate is leveled, and the flatness of the chromium-zirconium-copper plate after leveling is less than or equal to 3 mm.

7. The method for manufacturing a chromium-zirconium copper plate for high-speed railway carriage welding electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aging treatment method in step S6 is: using a heat treatment furnace to heat the cold-rolled chromium-zirconium copper plate to 400-460° C., keeping it warm for 3-5 hours, and then taking it out of the furnace and air-cooling it after the end of the heat treatment.

8. The method for manufacturing a chromium-zirconium copper plate for high-speed railway carriage welding electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the coolant include, by mass percentage, 10-15% of ethylene glycol, 5-10% of triethanolamine, 10-15% of sodium benzoate, 3-8% of tolyl diphenyl phosphate, and the balance of deionized water.

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