A milling and drilling method for a rotary device

Abstract

This invention provides a professional milling and drilling machine tool with a rotary device, including a mounting base, a rotating arm mounted on the mounting base via a rotating platform, and a power head mounted at one end of the rotating arm. A cutter head is mounted on the power head. A cutting stepping mechanism is mounted on the headstock, including a rotating cylinder with a follower roller at its bottom. A rotatable pin is mounted at one end of the rotating cylinder. The cutting stepping mechanism also includes an electrically controlled magnetic base with a hydraulic cylinder support. A telescopic feed drive device is mounted on the hydraulic cylinder support, and the push rod of the telescopic feed drive device is connected to the pin. This design allows the rotating arm to rotate around the rotating platform, and the power head to slide along the rotating arm, thus enabling the machining of slewing bearings of different diameters as required, overcoming the limitation on the machining range inherent in conventional machine tools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical equipment manufacturing technology, and specifically to a milling and drilling method for a rotary device. Background Technology

[0002] The slewing mechanism is an important component that provides rotational motion for mechanical equipment. For example, the slewing bearing is a typical slewing mechanism. The slewing mechanism is a ring-shaped structural component and is widely used in excavators and cranes. The rotating parts of excavators and cranes rely on the slewing mechanism to transmit power, and its machining accuracy directly determines the machine's performance and lifespan. The size of the slewing mechanism varies depending on the tonnage of the machine. The size of the slewing mechanism for small excavators can be about one to two meters. This type of slewing mechanism can be manufactured through ordinary machining.

[0003] A machining method for a slewing bearing is disclosed in patent application number 201911142635.4, published on March 24, 2020. This method includes the following machining process for the outer ring: rough turning - first boring - semi-finish turning - first finish turning - rolling.

[0004] The machining process for the inner ring is as follows: rough turning - first boring - first finish turning - gear hobbing - raceway quenching - gear quenching - machine tool shaping - tempering - second finish turning - drilling - turning and grinding - second boring. This method uses ordinary turning and boring to machine the slewing bearing, which is suitable for machining smaller slewing bearings.

[0005] The patent application with application number 201610852816.6 and authorization announcement date of March 29, 2019 discloses a machining method and support for a slewing bearing. The present invention discloses a machining method for a slewing bearing, which involves clamping a forged blank onto a lathe, correcting the inner hole runout to ≤1.5mm and the end face runout to ≤1.2mm, machining the outer diameter according to the machining process drawing, controlling the dimensional deviation to ±0.7mm, and retaining a allowance of 5-10mm, machining the reference surface C, ensuring that it is free of defects, and chamfering the inner and outer diameters of the reference surface C with 2×45°. The present invention discloses a method for machining a slewing bearing. During semi-finish turning, a allowance is left. After heat treatment of the raceway, plugging hole, and tapered pin hole (I), the bearing is machined to the dimensions required by the drawing. Then, the plugging hole and tapered pin hole are subjected to a second heat treatment to improve the diffusion layer structure of the plugging hole and tapered pin hole, refine the grains, and further increase their hardness. This makes the surface hardness of the plugging hole and tapered pin hole greater than the hardness of the raceway, making it more wear-resistant and stress-bearing. This ensures that it will not deform during long-term use and will not affect the precision operation of the device. This solution still uses lathe machining to process the slewing bearing and is only suitable for machining smaller slewing bearings.

[0006] Large cranes, such as those used in ports, can have slewing devices that are over ten meters in size. Obviously, such large slewing devices cannot be manufactured using conventional methods. Therefore, we need a solution for manufacturing large slewing devices. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a milling and drilling method for a rotary device, solving the problem that large-sized rotary devices cannot be processed by conventional methods.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a milling and drilling method for a rotary device, comprising:

[0009] A professional milling and drilling machine tool with a rotary device is provided. The machine tool includes a mounting base, a cantilevered rotating arm mounted on the mounting base via a rotating platform, a head horizontal sliding device and a head horizontal drive device at one end of the rotating arm, a head base on the head horizontal sliding device, a head seat on the head base, a head vertical sliding device and a head vertical drive device on the head seat, and a power head on the head vertical sliding device; a cutter head is mounted on the rotating shaft of the power head.

[0010] A cutting stepping mechanism is provided on the machine head base. The cutting stepping mechanism includes a rotating cylinder frame, and one or more follower rollers are provided at the bottom of the rotating cylinder frame. A rotatable pin is provided vertically downward at one end of the rotating cylinder frame. The cutting stepping mechanism also includes an electrically controlled magnetic base, on which a hydraulic cylinder support is provided. A telescopic feed drive device is provided on the hydraulic cylinder support. The push rod of the telescopic feed drive device is connected to the pin.

[0011] A locking mechanism is provided on the rotary platform. The locking mechanism includes a handwheel, a reduction gearbox, and a locking gear. The reduction gearbox housing is installed on the rotary platform. The output end of the reduction gearbox is connected to the locking gear, and the locking gear is connected to the rotary platform.

[0012] The slewing platform is also equipped with a power pump station and an electrical control mechanism; a counterweight device is also provided at the other end of the rotating boom.

[0013] The processing steps are as follows:

[0014] a. Based on the relative height of the plane to be processed by the rotary device, find a machining fixture platform of suitable size and place it at the approximate position of the rotation center of the rotary device;

[0015] b. Install the professional drilling and milling machine tool with the rotary device on the machining fixture platform, adjust the rotation center to coincide with the rotation center of the workpiece to be processed, and fix it in place;

[0016] c. Appropriately equip the assembly with counterweights according to different processing radii;

[0017] d. Manually rotate the rotating arm of the rotary platform and use the cutter head to check and correct the relatively uniform allowance of the workpiece plane;

[0018] e. Activate the locking device to lock the rotary platform, start the equipment, and use the horizontal drive device of the machine head to radially cut the workpiece until an initial reference surface of 2-3 cutter head widths is produced;

[0019] f. Release the locking mechanism of the rotary platform, and repeat step d with the initial reference surface as the reference to check again whether the allowance for correcting the plane of the workpiece to be processed is sufficient and relatively uniform.

[0020] g. Rotate the cutter head to the initial reference plane, adjust the follower roller to be close to the initial reference plane and lock it, adjust the bottom surface of the cutter head to be flush with the initial reference plane, and lock the machine head horizontal drive device.

[0021] h. Retract the telescopic feed drive device to its full extent, place the telescopic feed drive device at an appropriate position on the machining plane, and activate the magnetic fixing base;

[0022] i. Start the power pump station and start the power pump head;

[0023] j. After adjusting the cutter head speed and the feed speed of the telescopic feed drive, start the milling process;

[0024] k. After one stroke of the telescopic feed drive is completed, close the magnetic attraction, retract the entire stroke, reposition and fix it, and then continue milling until the entire plane is machined.

[0025] This method allows the rotating boom to rotate around the slewing platform, and the power head to slide along the rotating boom. This enables the machining of slewing bearings of different diameters as needed. By first machining an initial reference surface, and then using this initial reference surface as a reference, the required surface is machined step by step around the slewing bearing. Theoretically, it is possible to machine slewing bearings of infinite diameter, which overcomes the problem of limited machining range when using conventional machine tools, such as lathes and machining centers.

[0026] Furthermore, after adjusting the rotation center to coincide with and fixing it in step b, the radial and vertical feed strokes of the cutter head should meet the machining needs of the workpiece. These requirements effectively ensure the production of qualified products.

[0027] Furthermore, the horizontal drive device for the machine head is a first electric push rod; the telescopic feed drive device is a stepping cylinder. The electric push rod is chosen as the horizontal drive device for the machine head because it operates precisely and is easy to control; the stepping cylinder is simple to control and can provide stable thrust. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front view of a specialized milling and drilling machine tool for a rotary device according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a top view of a specialized milling and drilling machine tool for a rotary device according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting stepping mechanism of a specialized milling and drilling machine tool with a rotary device according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of a professional milling and drilling machine tool with a rotary device according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a milling and drilling method using a rotary device requires a specialized milling and drilling machine tool with a rotary device, which includes a mounting base 1, and a cantilevered rotating arm 3 mounted on the mounting base 1 via a rotary platform 2.

[0036] The slewing platform 2 includes a slewing bearing 201, which is connected to the mounting base 1. A gear ring is provided on the slewing bearing 201, which provides the motion basis for the rotation of the rotating boom 3. In addition, the rotating boom 3 can be locked by the gear ring.

[0037] A horizontal sliding device 4 and a horizontal driving device for the machine head are provided at one end of the rotating boom 3. A machine head seat 6 is provided on the horizontal sliding device 4. In this embodiment, the horizontal sliding device 4 includes one or more horizontal guide rails 41 horizontally arranged on both sides of the rotating boom 3. A horizontal slider (not shown) is provided on the machine head seat 6. The horizontal slider cooperates with the horizontal guide rail 41. In this embodiment, there are two horizontal guide rails on one side of the rotating boom 3. The horizontal driving device for the machine head is a first electric push rod 5. The seat of the first electric push rod 5 is installed on the rotating boom 3, and the nut of the first electric push rod 5 is installed on the machine head seat 6. By setting horizontal guide rail 41 and horizontal slider, the radial movement of the machine head base 6 can be easily realized to adapt to different machining radius ranges; an electric push rod is selected as the horizontal drive device for the machine head, which operates with precision and is easy to control; the rotating arm 3 can rotate around the rotary platform 2, and the power machine head can slide along the rotating arm 3, so that slewing bearings of different diameters can be machined as required. Theoretically, slewing bearings of infinite diameter can be machined, which overcomes the problem of the machining range being easily limited by conventional machine tools, such as lathes and machining centers.

[0038] A vertical sliding device 7 and a vertical drive device (not shown) are provided on the headstock 6. A power head 9 is provided on the vertical sliding device 7. In this embodiment, the power head 9 is a high-precision CNC spindle motor. The high-precision CNC spindle motor is small in size, runs smoothly, and is easy to control.

[0039] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the vertical sliding device 7 of the machine head includes one or more vertical guide rails 71 vertically mounted on the machine head base 6. A vertical slider 72 is provided on the housing of the power machine head 9, and the vertical slider 72 cooperates with the vertical guide rails 71. In this embodiment, there are two vertical guide rails on the machine head base 6. The vertical driving device of the machine head is a second electric push rod, the base of which is mounted on the machine head base 6, and the push rod of the second electric push rod is connected to the housing of the power machine head 9. By setting the vertical guide rails 71 and the vertical slider 72, the lifting and lowering of the power machine head 9 can be easily realized, which facilitates tool setting and feeding.

[0040] A cutter head 10 is provided on the rotating shaft of the power head 9. Various types of cutting tools can be installed on the cutter head 10 to expand the application range of the machine tool.

[0041] like Figure 5As shown, a cutting stepping mechanism 8 is provided on the machine head base 6. The cutting stepping mechanism 8 includes a rotating cylinder 80, and one or more follower rollers 81 are provided at the bottom of the rotating cylinder 80. In this embodiment, the number of follower rollers 81 is four. A rotatable pin 82 is provided vertically downward at one end of the rotating cylinder 80. The cutting stepping mechanism 8 also includes an electrically controlled magnetic base 83, on which a hydraulic cylinder support 84 is provided. A telescopic feed drive device is provided on the hydraulic cylinder support 84. The push rod of the telescopic feed drive device is connected to the pin 82. In this embodiment, the telescopic feed drive device is a stepping hydraulic cylinder 85.

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, a locking mechanism 11 is provided on the rotary platform 2. The locking mechanism 11 includes a handwheel 111, a reduction gearbox 112, and a locking gear 113. The housing of the reduction gearbox 112 is mounted on the rotary platform 2, and the output end of the reduction gearbox 112 is connected to the locking gear 113. The locking gear 113 meshes with the slewing bearing 201 of the rotary platform 2. A friction plate brake is provided inside the reduction gearbox 112, which is normally in brake lock mode and can be disengaged by a control handle. When the brake is engaged, the mounting base 1 and the rotary platform 2 are fixed together, thus locking the rotary platform 2. When the brake is disengaged, the locking gear 113 can rotate around the gear ring on the slewing bearing 201. The locking mechanism 11 acts on the rotary platform 2 through the reduction gearbox 112 and the locking gear 113, which can lock the rotary platform 2 during drilling and milling operations and when the machine is stopped, preventing unnecessary rotational movement.

[0043] The rotary platform 2 is also equipped with a power pump station and an electrical control mechanism, which provide power and control for the machine tool.

[0044] A counterweight device 12 is also provided at the other end of the rotating boom 3. The counterweight device 12 can balance the weight on one side of the rotating boom 3, reduce the unbalanced force on one side of the rotating platform 2, improve the rotational motion accuracy, reduce the vibration phenomenon during the cutting head machining process, and improve the machining accuracy of the plane.

[0045] The steps for machining the annular circumferential surface of a rotary device using a professional milling and drilling machine are as follows: a) Based on the relative height of the plane to be machined on the rotary device, find a machining fixture platform of suitable size and place it at the approximate position of the rotation center of the rotary device;

[0046] b. Install the rotary device on the professional drilling and milling machine tool on the machining fixture platform, adjust the rotation center to coincide with the rotation center of the workpiece to be processed and fix it in place. The radial and vertical machining feed strokes of the cutter head should meet the needs of workpiece processing.

[0047] c. Appropriately equip the assembly with counterweights according to different processing radii;

[0048] d. Manually rotate the rotating arm of the rotary platform and use the cutter head to check and correct the relatively uniform allowance of the workpiece plane;

[0049] e. Activate the locking device to lock the rotary platform, start the equipment, and use the first electric push rod to radially cut the workpiece until an initial reference surface of 2-3 cutter head widths is produced;

[0050] f. Release the locking mechanism of the rotary platform, and repeat step d with the initial reference surface as the reference to check again whether the allowance for correcting the plane of the workpiece to be processed is sufficient and relatively uniform.

[0051] g. Rotate the cutter head to the initial reference plane, adjust the follower roller to be close to the initial reference plane and lock it, adjust the bottom surface of the cutter head to be flush with the initial reference plane, and lock the first electric push rod.

[0052] h. Retract the stepper cylinder to its full stroke, place the stepper cylinder and magnetic fixing base at an appropriate position on the machining plane, and activate the magnetic fixing base.

[0053] i. Start the power pump station and start the power pump head;

[0054] j. After adjusting the cutter head speed and the feed speed of the magnetic fixing base, start the milling process;

[0055] k. After one stroke of the magnetic fixing base is completed, turn off the magnetic attraction, retract the entire stroke, reposition and fix it, and then continue milling until the entire plane is machined.

[0056] In this method, the rotating boom 3 can rotate around the slewing platform 2, and the power head can slide along the rotating boom 3. This allows slewing bearings of different diameters to be processed as needed. By first processing an initial reference surface, and then using this initial reference surface as a reference, the required surface is processed step by step around the slewing bearing. Theoretically, slewing bearings of infinite diameter can be processed, which overcomes the problem of limited processing range when using conventional machine tools, such as lathes and machining centers.

Claims

1. A method of milling and drilling a swivel device, characterized by: The milling and drilling method of the rotary device comprises: A professional milling and drilling machine tool for rotary device is provided, which comprises a mounting base, a cantilever rotary arm frame provided on the mounting base through a rotary platform, a machine head horizontal sliding device and a machine head horizontal driving device provided at one end of the rotary arm frame, a machine head seat body provided on the machine head horizontal sliding device, a machine head vertical sliding device and a machine head vertical driving device provided on the machine head seat body, and a power machine head provided on the machine head vertical sliding device; A cutting stepping mechanism is provided on the machine head seat body, which comprises a rotary cylinder frame, one or more follower rollers are provided at the bottom of the rotary cylinder frame, a rotatable pin shaft is vertically provided downward at one end of the rotary cylinder frame, the cutting stepping mechanism further comprises an electric control magnetic suction base, an oil cylinder support is provided on the electric control magnetic suction base, and a telescopic feeding driving device is provided on the oil cylinder support, the push rod of the telescopic feeding driving device is connected with the pin shaft; A locking mechanism is provided on the rotary platform, which comprises a hand wheel, a reduction box and a locking gear, the reduction box housing is mounted on the rotary platform, the output end of the reduction box is connected with the locking gear, and the locking gear is connected with the rotary platform; A power pump station and an electric control mechanism are further provided on the rotary platform, and a counterweight device is further provided at the other end of the rotary arm frame; The processing steps are as follows: a. According to the relative height of the plane to be processed of the rotary device, a size appropriate processing tool platform is found and placed at the approximate position of the rotary center of the rotary device; b. The professional drilling and milling machine tool of the rotary device is installed on the processing tool platform, the rotary center is adjusted to coincide with the rotary center of the workpiece to be processed and is fixed; c. According to different processing radii, appropriate counterweights are matched; d. The rotary arm frame of the rotary platform is manually rotated, and the remaining amount of the plane of the workpiece to be processed is detected and corrected by the cutter head; e. The locking device of the rotary platform is locked, the equipment is started, and the workpiece to be processed is cut by the machine head horizontal driving device until an initial reference surface of 2-3 cutter head widths is processed; f. The locking mechanism of the rotary platform is unlocked, and the initial reference surface is taken as a reference to repeat the operation of step d, and whether the remaining amount of the plane of the workpiece to be processed is sufficient and relatively uniform is detected and corrected again; g. The cutter head is turned to the initial reference surface, the follower roller is adjusted to be close to the initial reference surface and locked, the bottom end surface of the cutter head is adjusted to be flush with the initial reference surface, and the machine head horizontal driving device is locked; h. The stroke of the telescopic feeding driving device is fully retracted, the telescopic feeding driving device is placed at an appropriate position on the processing plane and the magnetic suction fixing base is started; i. The power pump station is started, and the power machine head is started; j. After the speed of the cutter head and the feeding speed of the telescopic feeding driving device are adjusted, the milling process is started; k. After one stroke of the telescopic feeding driving device is completed, the magnetic suction is closed, the stroke is fully retracted, and the milling process is continued after positioning and fixing again until the processing of the entire plane is completed.

2. The milling and drilling method of the rotary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step b, after the rotation center is adjusted to be consistent with the rotation center of the workpiece to be processed and is fixed, the radial and vertical processing feed strokes of the cutter head should meet the needs of workpiece processing.

3. A method of milling and drilling a rotary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine head horizontal driving device is a first electric push rod; and the telescopic feed driving device is a step oil cylinder.

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