Method for loading and reinforcing a copper wire rod for electrical purposes and use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a loading and reinforcing method for copper wire blanks for electricians and application thereof and belongs to the technical field of logistics transportation. According to inherent characteristics and container transportation features of the copper wire blanks for electricians, auxiliary measures related to carrying and loading are adopted, including improvement of reinforcing materials, optimization of steel wire ropes, calculation and actual measurement of tensile strength and total breaking tension of the steel wire ropes, selection of tight rope accessories, use of electric tools, improvement of rope threading mode, skillful use of open body flower and clear reinforcement strength and other steps, deformation, damage or other mechanical damage of the whole goods are prevented, traditional iron wire and manpower are replaced, loading and reinforcing standardization is realized, the container transportation damage problem of the copper wire blanks for electricians is solved, operation time is shortened, labor intensity and logistics cost are reduced, the method can be applied to front ends and transportation processes of railways, highways, waterways and multimodal transportation, and the copper wire blanks for electricians have safety, durability and applicability required by current design specifications and owners.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of transportation, and particularly relates to a loading and reinforcing method for copper wire blanks for electricians and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The copper wire blanks for electricians are of high value, usually carried by pallets and packaged in rolls, and their physical and chemical properties are suitable for container transportation. The traditional reinforcing method mainly uses multiple iron wires, manual twisting poles and placing grass to prevent sliding and the like for reinforcement. There are problems such as non-standard iron wire fastening, great randomness of manual operation, non-standardized operation method and the like. When the railway department implements marshalling and sliding operation or the transportation tool accelerates, decelerates and turns, the copper wire blanks for electricians are deformed or damaged due to uneven loading, especially due to non-standard reinforcing strength, and the stress is concentrated, which easily leads to deformation or damage under great impact, and further leads to invalidation of cargo reinforcement, and problems such as overturning, collapse, scattering or packaging damage or surface oxidation of the whole roll of copper wire blanks for electricians, which are complained by users, and have adverse effects on product sales and market competitiveness.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to develop an advanced and standardized loading and reinforcing method for preventing the copper wire blanks for electricians from being deformed, damaged or other mechanical damage, to replace the traditional method of using iron wires and manual operation, so as to fundamentally solve the problem of low cargo transportation quality. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application is based on the inherent characteristics and container transportation characteristics of the copper wire blanks for electricians, and mainly proposes a new auxiliary measure related to loading, to comprehensively solve the damage problem of the copper wire blanks for electricians in container transportation, and reduce the logistics cost.

[0005] The first object of the present application is to provide a loading and reinforcing method for copper wire blanks for electricians, which highlights the complementation of loading and reinforcing, includes stable carrying and balanced loading by using mechanized special equipment to prevent cargo from being deformed and mechanically damaged, and also includes selecting standard steel wire ropes and fastening accessories and implementing mechanized electric tool operation to replace the traditional method of using iron wires and manual fastening, so as to realize the standardization of loading and reinforcing, shorten the operation time, reduce the labor intensity and logistics cost, and effectively solve the logistics and transportation quality problems of the copper wire blanks for electricians.

[0006] The second object of the present application is to provide an application of the loading and reinforcing method for copper wire blanks for electricians in general 20-foot container multimodal transportation, and the embodiment of loading and reinforcing the copper wire blanks for electricians by railway can effectively prevent the copper wire blanks for electricians from being deformed, damaged or other mechanically damaged, and can be widely applied to the front end and process of railway, highway and waterway container multimodal transportation.

[0007] The loading and reinforcement of the copper wire blank for electricians, wherein the copper wire blank for electricians is packaged in rolls, carried by trays, and well tied, meets the GB / T 3952-2016 standard and is suitable for container transportation, the loading and reinforcement complement each other, that is, the copper wire blank for electricians is loaded by a transportation tool, and measures such as reinforcement of the load-bearing structure and related parts thereof, local wear prevention, surface oxidation prevention, or adjustment of internal force are taken for the load-bearing structure and related parts thereof in view of insufficient reliability of copper wire blank transportation or requirements of the owner to improve reliability, so that the safety, durability and applicability required by the current design specification and the owner are met.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a loading and reinforcement method of copper wire blank for electricians, at least comprising the following steps.

[0009] (1) Preparation of copper wire blank for electricians and container appliances, including checking and confirming whether the to-be-loaded goods and the to-be-used box are intact before the whole goods and the container appliances arrive at the loading station, and taking cleaning and protection measures to prevent the to-be-loaded goods from being contaminated, worn or oxidized on the surface if necessary.

[0010] (2) Determining the size, weight and stability standard of the to-be-loaded goods, including determining the packaging size and weight standard of the copper wire blank for electricians, and identifying and determining the static stability and dynamic stability problems in the production process of the copper wire blank for electricians, which may cause uneven waxing of the copper wire or loose bundling.

[0011] (3) Determining the operation standard of mechanized loading equipment, especially special-purpose loading fork trucks, to create basic conditions for implementing standardized loading and reinforcement.

[0012] (4) Stable carrying and balanced loading and process control, the purpose of which is to prevent goods from being tilted, deformed or mechanically damaged, the same specification of copper wire blank for electricians should be loaded in whole or in stacks, and can be reliably loaded on one side or double-layered, and the projection of the total center of gravity of the goods should be located on the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse center lines of the container, and any deviation should be prevented.

[0013] (5) Determining whether the loaded goods are stable and balanced, and whether the placement of the whole box of goods is reasonable, the determination standard including but not limited to (1) to (4) above.

[0014] (6) The container meeting the standard load requirement enters the auxiliary measures related to loading, that is, the reinforcement stage.

[0015] (7) Entering the reinforcement stage, first designing and determining the reinforcement method and technical scheme, the reference data of the scheme will be further described in the specific embodiments of the present application.

[0016] (8) Determine whether the reinforcement scheme is advanced and feasible, safe and reliable, including determining in combination with the characteristics of the goods, loading conditions and transportation methods, rejecting technical solutions that do not achieve the desired purpose and redesigning in combination with the characteristics of the goods, and implementing the reinforcement technical scheme that achieves the desired purpose according to the following contents, including but not limited to the following contents.

[0017] First, the standard steel wire rope suitable for mechanized reinforcement operation is preferred, mainly based on standards such as GBT 20118-2017 Steel Wire Rope General Technical Conditions, and the tensile strength / MPa and total breaking force of steel wire / KN of the steel wire rope meeting the specified technical requirements are calculated and measured.

[0018] Further, the breaking force, safety factor and allowable torsion of steel wire ropes of different specifications are compared, and stress calculation is performed in combination with the selected transportation method of the copper wire blank for electricians.

[0019] The stress calculation refers to that the maximum tensile force that a steel wire rope of a certain specification can withstand has certain limits, and if this limit is exceeded, the steel wire rope will be damaged or broken.

[0020] Taking railway container transportation of copper wire blanks for electricians as an example, the breaking force of the whole steel wire rope should be calculated as follows:

[0021] The formula is: S P =ΨΣS i , in which S P is the breaking force of the steel wire rope, kN; ΣS i is the total breaking force of the steel wire provided in the steel wire specification table, kN; and Ψ is the uneven twisting reduction factor of the steel wire, Ψ = 0.85 for 6×19 rope, Ψ = 0.82 for 6×37 rope, and Ψ = 0.80 for 6×61 rope.

[0022] Further, the safety factor of the steel wire rope is determined, and the ratio of the breaking force to the allowable tension is the safety factor. The safety factor of the steel wire rope used as a binding sling is 8-10, the safety factor of the steel wire rope used in a mechanically driven hoisting device is 5-6, and the safety factor of the steel wire rope used for pulling reinforcement is 7-10.

[0023] Further, the allowable torsion of the steel wire rope is calculated, and the allowable torsion of the whole steel wire rope should be calculated as follows:

[0024] The formula is: P = S P / K, in which P is the allowable tension of the steel wire rope, N; S P is the breaking force of the steel wire rope, N; and K is the safety factor of the steel wire rope.

[0025] Further, the symmetrical pulling container is used to pull and reinforce the whole piece or whole stack of copper wire for electricians, and the pulling reinforcement strength can refer to the commonly used calculation formula listed in the national railway freight loading reinforcement rules, and the pulling force borne by the whole piece of copper wire to prevent longitudinal and transverse movement and overturning is calculated and measured.

[0026] In principle, the lower the nominal tensile strength of the steel wire rope is, the more steel wires in each rope, and the thinner the steel wire diameter is, the better the flexibility of the rope is, but the steel wire rope is easy to wear; on the contrary, the thicker the steel wire diameter in each rope is, the worse the flexibility of the steel wire rope is, and the steel wire rope is wear-resistant.

[0027] The force borne by each pulling steel wire rope: S ≥max{ S 纵移 , S 横移 , S 纵倾 , S 横倾} and the measured breaking tension of the steel wire rope for pulling and reinforcing is not less than 2 S .

[0028] Therefore, the use range of steel wire ropes of different specifications and models is also different, and the selection principle of steel wire ropes must be determined according to the actual needs of reinforcing the whole piece, whole stack and whole box of copper wire for electricians.

[0029] The selection principle includes the same direction twisted steel wire rope used for pulling the bottom tray and blank body of copper wire for electricians, easy to bend, fatigue-resistant and convenient to make rope head.

[0030] The selection principle also includes mastering the maintenance and safety inspection of the steel wire rope, and being familiar with the scrap standard and reduction coefficient.

[0031] The maintenance and safety inspection of the steel wire rope refers to avoiding the twisting of the steel wire rope, the reduction of the strength and the damage when the steel wire rope is unwound, and tightly tying to prevent loosening when the steel wire rope is cut off, and the safety inspection of the end fixed and the bending connection part of the steel wire rope prone to broken wire, wear, corrosion and other problems, and the rope ring, shackle, clamp, open body flower and braided part.

[0032] When pulling and reinforcing the copper wire for electricians, hard paper shell, linen or other padding should be pasted or placed at the contact to prevent wear, corrosion or other physical and chemical conditions from reducing the performance of the steel wire rope and damaging the goods.

[0033] The scrap standard and reduction coefficient refers to that before reinforcing the whole piece or whole box of copper wire for electricians, if the number of broken wires or the reduction coefficient of the steel wire rope reaches the scrap standard, the steel wire rope should be discarded or downgraded.

[0034] Further, the length and number of steel wire ropes are determined, including the length of the whole steel wire rope required for reinforcing the whole piece or whole stack of copper wire rods for electricians and the number of steel wire ropes required for a whole container.

[0035] The length of the whole steel wire rope includes, from bottom to top, the length of the whole steel wire rope reserved for tightening after the whole piece or whole stack of copper wire rods for electricians are pulled from the tray and one-third of the body, fixed through the rope ring at the top of the inner side wall of the container, bent and reserved for the proper length after the fastener is applied, the length of the tail reserved after the pulling knot is pulled, which is generally not more than 300 mm and not less than 100 mm.

[0036] The length of the whole steel wire rope and the number of steel wire ropes required for a whole container are related to the size and weight of a single piece of copper wire rod for electricians and the number of whole containers to be reinforced, wherein at least four steel wire ropes are required for a whole container when the weight of a single piece of copper wire rod for electricians is more than 3 t and less than 5 t.

[0037] The rope ring at the top of the inner side wall of the container is located on the top side beam and the bottom side beam, and a rope hook is generally provided every 550 mm.

[0038] Further, the ends of the whole standard length of the same direction twisted steel wire rope are fixed with adhesive tape to prevent the ends from loosening.

[0039] Further, auxiliary accessories that match the whole steel wire rope and the rope ring at the top of the inner side wall of the container are preferred, including shackles, clamps, nuts, or open body wrenches, etc.

[0040] Further, handheld mechanical tools that match the size and strength of the steel wire rope are preferred, including electric screwdrivers and multifunctional electric or manual mechanical tight rope tools, for standardized tightening operations.

[0041] Further, the reinforcing strength of copper wire rods for electricians of different weights is calculated and measured, mainly including longitudinal inertia force, transverse inertia force, vertical inertia force, and friction force, to standardize the reinforcing strength.

[0042] Still taking the various forces acting on the whole piece of cargo during the railway container transportation of copper wire rods for electricians as an example, v ≤120 km / h, and the speed of the train during coupling is ≤5 km / h, the calculation is as follows.

[0043] (1) Longitudinal inertia force: T = t 0 ×Q (kN), wherein t 0——Longitudinal inertia force per ton of cargo, kN / t;

[0044] Q ——Weight of cargo, t.

[0045] Since steel wire ropes are used for rigid reinforcement:t 0 = 26.69 - 0.13 Q 总 (kN / t), where Q 总 —Total weight of the loaded vehicle, tons; each group of two boxes is loaded onto one vehicle, when Q 总 For amounts greater than 55t, calculate based on 55t.

[0046] (2) Lateral inertial force: N = n 0 ×Q (kN), where n 0 — Lateral inertial force per ton of cargo, kN / t;

[0047] Q — Cargo weight, in tons.

[0048] (3) Vertical inertial force: Q 垂 = q 垂 × Q (kN), where q 垂 —Vertical inertial force per ton of cargo, kN / t;

[0049] Q — Cargo weight, in tons.

[0050] (4) Friction: Longitudinal friction: F_longitudinal = 9.8 μQ (kN), Lateral friction force: F_lateral = μ (9.8 Q - Q 垂 (kN) In the formula, Q —Cargo weight, in tons; Q 垂 —Vertical inertial force of the cargo, kN; μ —Friction coefficient. A table of commonly used friction coefficients, with values ​​from the following table, is provided for container transport of electrical copper wire rods:

[0051] No. Object Name Friction Coefficient 1 Wood and Wood 0.45 2 Wood and Steel Plate 0.40 3 Wood and Cast Steel 0.60 4 Steel Plate and Steel Plate 0.30 5 Straw Mat and Steel Plate 0.44 6 Grass Mat and Steel Plate 0.42

[0052] In summary, the above-described technical requirements of this invention, compared with traditional reinforcement techniques, can achieve the following beneficial effects.

[0053] By closely combining the characteristics of electrical copper wire rods and the features of containerized transportation, and by selecting steel wire ropes and related accessories that meet national technical requirements, as well as using mechanized power tools, this invention effectively breaks through the traditional methods of reinforcing electrical copper wire rods, such as using multi-strand iron wire, manual winches, and straw mats for anti-slip. This allows the impact force of the goods to be evenly applied to the pallets and the rods themselves, preventing damage to the packaging and the rods, and thus preventing the reinforcement from failing. Therefore, implementing this invention effectively solves the problems of frequent damage and poor transportation quality of whole and boxed electrical copper wire rods due to outdated reinforcement methods, inconsistent material strength, and arbitrary manual labor.

[0054] In summary, this invention is scientifically sound, standardized, highly stable, and not prone to failure. It is applicable to railway, highway, waterway, and multimodal transport processes, and can effectively improve the quality of cargo transportation, increase labor efficiency, and reduce logistics costs. Attached Figure Description

[0055] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0056] Fig. 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for loading and reinforcing copper wire blanks for electrical applications provided by the present invention.

[0057] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion analysis and isometric projection of cargo prepared by a loading and reinforcement method for electrical copper wire blanks provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Fig. 3 This is a plan view diagram of a method for loading and reinforcing electrical copper wire blanks according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Fig. 4 This is a planar perspective view of a method for loading and reinforcing electrical copper wire blanks provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Fig. 5 This is a top view and perspective view of a single piece of electrical copper wire blank provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Fig. 6 This is a schematic diagram of a reinforcing material prepared by a loading and reinforcing method for electrical copper wire blanks, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The present invention will be further described clearly and completely below with reference to the above description, including embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] The primary objective of this invention is to provide a loading and reinforcement method for electrical copper wire blanks. This method emphasizes the complementary relationship between loading and reinforcement, including the use of mechanized specialized equipment for smooth handling and balanced loading to prevent tilting, deformation, and mechanical damage. It also includes the use of standard steel wire ropes and fastening accessories, and the implementation of mechanized power tool operations to replace the traditional method of manually tightening with iron wire. This achieves standardized loading and reinforcement, effectively solving the logistics and transportation quality problems of electrical copper wire blanks while shortening operation time, reducing labor intensity, and logistics costs.

[0064] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for loading and reinforcing electrical copper wire blanks in multimodal transport of general-purpose 20-foot containers. Taking railway loading and reinforcing of electrical copper wire blanks as an example, this method can effectively prevent electrical copper wire blanks from being deformed, broken or otherwise mechanically damaged, and can be widely used in the front end and process of multimodal transport of containers by rail, road and waterway.

[0065] The loading and reinforcement of electrical copper wire blanks shall be implemented. The electrical copper wire blanks shall be packaged in coils, palletized, and properly bundled, conforming to the GB / T 3952-2016 standard and suitable for container transportation. The loading and reinforcement are complementary. This means that the electrical copper wire blanks are loaded with transportation vehicles and measures such as reinforcement, local wear prevention, surface oxidation prevention, or adjustment of internal forces are taken for load-bearing structures and related parts that have insufficient reliability or require improved reliability by the owner. This ensures that they have the safety, durability, and applicability required by current design specifications and the owner.

[0066] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for loading and reinforcing copper wire blanks for electrical applications, which includes at least the following steps.

[0067] Step 1, preparation of electrical copper wire blanks and containers, including checking and confirming the goods to be loaded and the containers to be used are intact before the whole goods and containers arrive at the loading station. If necessary, take cleaning and protection measures to prevent the goods to be loaded from being contaminated, worn or oxidized.

[0068] Step 2: Determine the size, weight, and stability standards of the goods to be loaded. This includes determining the packaging size and weight standards for electrical copper wire blanks, as well as identifying and determining the static stability and dynamic stability issues that may arise during the production process due to uneven waxing or insecure bundling.

[0069] Step 3: Determine the operating standards for mechanized loading equipment, especially dedicated forklifts for loading into containers, to create the foundation for implementing standardized loading and reinforcement.

[0070] Step 4, smooth handling and balanced loading and process control, aims to prevent the cargo from tilting, deforming or mechanically damaged. Electrical copper wire blanks of the same specification should be loaded as a whole or in stacks, and can be loaded on the side or in double layers. The placement must be neat and balanced. The projection of the total center of gravity of the cargo should be located at the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse center lines of the cargo box, and any deviation should be prevented.

[0071] Step 5: Determine whether the loaded goods are stable and balanced, and whether the placement of the entire container of goods is reasonable.

[0072] Step 6: Once the cargo container meets the standard load requirements, it enters the reinforcement stage, which involves auxiliary measures related to loading.

[0073] Step 7: First, design and determine the reinforcement method and technical solution.

[0074] Step 8: Determine whether the reinforcement plan is advanced, feasible, safe and reliable. This includes making a judgment based on the characteristics of the cargo, loading conditions and transportation methods. Technical plans that do not achieve the expected purpose will be rejected and redesigned based on the characteristics of the cargo. For reinforcement technical plans that achieve the expected results, implement them according to the following, including but not limited to the following:

[0075] First, standard steel wire ropes suitable for mechanized reinforcement operations are selected. Based on standards such as GBT 20118-2017 General Technical Conditions for Steel Wire Ropes, the tensile strength (MPa) and the total breaking strength of the steel wires (KN) of the steel wire ropes that meet the specified technical requirements are calculated and measured.

[0076] Furthermore, the breaking tensile strength, safety factor, and allowable torque of steel wire ropes with different specifications and parameters are compared, and stress calculations are performed in conjunction with the selected transportation method for electrical copper wire blanks.

[0077] Furthermore, the safety factor of the wire rope is determined. The ratio of breaking tensile force to allowable tensile force is the safety factor. For wire ropes used for tension reinforcement, a safety factor of 7 to 10 can be selected.

[0078] Furthermore, the allowable torque of the wire rope is calculated.

[0079] Furthermore, for the symmetrical pulling of whole or stacked electrical copper wire blanks inside the container, the pulling reinforcement strength can refer to the commonly used calculation formulas listed in the National Railway Cargo Loading Reinforcement Rules. The focus is on calculating and measuring the tensile force that should be borne to prevent the whole electrical copper wire blank from moving longitudinally and laterally and overturning.

[0080] The force that each tension wire rope should withstand: S ≥max{ S纵移 , S 横移 , S 纵倾 , S 横倾 According to actual measurements, the breaking tensile force of the steel wire rope reinforcement should not be less than 2. S .

[0081] When reinforcing electrical copper wire blanks by pulling, cardboard, burlap, or other padding should be pasted or placed at the contact points to prevent wear, corrosion, or other physical or chemical conditions from reducing the performance of the wire rope and damaging the goods.

[0082] Furthermore, the standards for the length and quantity of wire ropes are determined, including the length of the entire wire rope required to reinforce a whole piece or a whole stack of electrical copper wire blanks and the number of wire ropes required for a whole box.

[0083] Furthermore, the ends of the standard length of same-direction twisted wire rope are secured with tape to prevent the rope ends from loosening.

[0084] Furthermore, it is preferable to use auxiliary accessories that match the entire wire rope and the fixing loops on the top of the inner wall of the container, including shackles, clips, nuts, or turnbuckles.

[0085] Furthermore, handheld mechanized tools that match the strength of the wire rope are preferred, including electric screwdrivers and multi-functional electric or manual mechanical rope tighteners, for standardized tightening operations.

[0086] Furthermore, the reinforcement strength of copper wire blanks of different weights was calculated and measured, mainly including longitudinal inertial force, transverse inertial force, vertical inertial force and frictional force, so as to standardize the reinforcement strength.

[0087] The various forces acting on the entire shipment during the railway container transport of electrical copper wire blanks are still considered. v The example uses a speed of ≤120km / h and a shunting coupling speed of ≤5km / h. The focus is on calculating the longitudinal inertial force, lateral inertial force, vertical inertial force, and friction of the cargo.

[0088] Overview of implementation methods.

[0089] The present invention relates to a method for loading and securing electrical copper wire blanks and its application, with an example of loading and securing three different sizes and weights of national standard electrical copper wire blanks in a single general-purpose 20-foot container.

[0090] For the standardized loading implemented, the actual loading parameters for each 20-foot general purpose container fully loaded with copper wire rods conforming to the GB / T 3952-2016 standard for electrical use are shown in the table below:

[0091] Electrical Copper Wire Bar Each General Purpose 20 ft. Container Loading Equipment / Specialized Forklift Each Weight (ton) (Loading Total Pieces, Layers and Quantity) Load Capacity (ton) About 4.7 6, 4 in the first layer and 2 in the second layer ≥4.5 About 3.8 7, 4 in the first layer and 3 in the second layer ≥3.5 ≥2 10, 6 in the first layer and 4 in the second layer ≥2

[0092] Based on the weight and size of a single copper wire blank, use a dedicated forklift with a load equal to or greater than the standard load capacity to transport the electrical copper wire blanks sequentially into the box. Generally, electrical copper wire blanks of the same size and weight should be packed into the same box. The entire box of goods must not be unbalanced and the total weight (including packaging, protective materials, and loading reinforcement materials) must not exceed its allowable load capacity.

[0093] According to the loading technical plan, starting with one piece of electrical copper wire blank placed flat at the corner of the container end wall and side wall, the blanks are sequentially staggered and placed adjacent to and tangential to the end wall, side wall and end door.

[0094] For the standardized reinforcement implemented, based on the principle that each box of electrical copper wire rods meeting the standard load capacity is uniformly assembled and subjected to stress, taking railway containers as an example, and in accordance with the provisions of GBT 20118-2017 General Technical Conditions for Steel Wire Ropes, and after stress calculation and actual measurement, 6*19M steel wire rope (steel core) is preferred for reinforcing three different sizes and weights of electrical copper wire rods. The actual nominal parameter data are shown in the table below:

[0095] Nominal Diameter (mm) Reference Weight (kg / 100m) Tensile Strength (N / mm²) 1.57 Tensile Strength (N / mm²) 1.77 Tensile Strength (N / mm²) 1.96 Railway Transportation - Single Piece Cargo Weight (ton) Highway Transportation - Single Piece Cargo Weight (ton) Waterway Transportation - Single Piece Cargo Weight (ton) 5 10.0 13.0 14.7 16.3 2 - - 6 14.4 18.8 21.2 23.4 3.8 2 / 3.8 2 7 19.6 25.5 28.8 31.9 4.7 3.8 / 4.7 3.8 8 25.6 33.4 37.6 41.6 - 4.7 4.7

[0096] The steel wire ropes with different specifications and parameters listed in the table above correspond to different weights and sizes of electrical copper wire blanks. Depending on the mode of transport (railway, highway, waterway, or combined transport), the steel wire ropes selected and the reinforcement methods will vary.

[0097] Furthermore, in the process of reinforcing electrical copper wire blanks inside a 20-foot general-purpose container using 6*19M-FC steel wire rope, based on the goal of reducing costs and increasing efficiency, two specific methods can be selected by improving the knotting method and simplifying auxiliary fasteners.

[0098] Firstly, the turnbuckle method is used to save space. A single steel wire rope is pulled from the bottom tray of the copper wire blank and the blank body (approximately one-third of the way across) to form an inverted "Y" shaped knot. This knot is secured with a rope clamp and tightened with an electric screwdriver. Next, the rope clamp is inserted into the steel wire rope, and the rope end is passed through the fixed rope loop at the top of the side wall where the blank body is located inside the container and pulled into the rope clamp. Then, a multi-functional electric or manual mechanical rope tightener is used to secure the entire steel wire rope in place. Finally, the rope clamp is tightened with an electric screwdriver. After confirming that the entire steel wire rope is secure, the rope tightener is removed. This method avoids the steel wire rope loosening or reinforcement failure due to stripped screws in the turnbuckle.

[0099] Secondly, using the turnbuckle method, use the entire steel wire rope to cross the bottom tray and the billet (about one-third) of the electrical copper wire billet and pull a knot in an inverted "Y" shape. Secure the knot with a rope clamp and tighten it with an electric screwdriver. Then, hang the turnbuckle inside the container and fix it in the rope loop at the top of the side wall against which the billet is located. Thread the rope end through the turnbuckle hook and pull it into the rope clamp. Next, use a multi-functional electric or manual mechanical rope tightener to secure the entire steel wire rope in place. Finally, tighten the rope clamp with an electric screwdriver. After confirming that the entire steel wire rope is secure, remove the rope tightener.

[0100] Based on a comparison of practical application effects, the present invention preferably uses steel wire rope instead of iron wire for reinforcement, electric tools for tightening instead of manual winches, and saves on the open-loop method. All of these can achieve standardization of reinforcement operations, reduce labor intensity, and lower material and logistics costs.

[0101] In summary, this invention is scientifically sound, standardized, highly stable, and not prone to failure. It can effectively prevent electrical copper wire blanks from being deformed, broken, or otherwise mechanically damaged. It is suitable for the front end and process of railway, highway, waterway, and multimodal transport, and can improve the quality of cargo transportation, reduce logistics costs, and increase loading and unloading efficiency.

[0102] The above description of specific embodiments of the present invention is only for illustrating the technical route and features of the present invention, and its purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. All changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for loading and reinforcing electrical copper wire blanks, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Preparation and inspection: Check the integrity of the copper wire blanks to be loaded and their containers at the loading station to ensure that the copper wire blanks are properly packaged in coils, supported by pallets, and properly bundled. (2) Balanced loading: Use a special forklift to smoothly transport the copper wire blanks for electrical use into the container, and load them as whole or in stacks. Use side or double-layer balanced loading so that the projection of the total center of gravity of the goods is located at the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse center lines of the container. (3) Reinforcement scheme determination: Based on the characteristics, loading conditions and transportation methods of the electrical copper wire blank, a reinforcement technical scheme is designed. The scheme includes selecting standard steel wire rope and performing stress calculations. The stress calculations include calculating the longitudinal inertial force, lateral inertial force, vertical inertial force and friction force experienced by the goods during transportation. (4) Standardized reinforcement operation: The following methods shall be used for tension reinforcement: a. Select standard steel wire rope with a breaking strength S P According to formula S P = ΨΣS i Calculate ΣS i It is the sum of the breaking tensile force of the wire rope in kN, where Ψ is the reduction factor for uneven wire rope twist; the allowable tensile force P is calculated using the formula P = S P / K is calculated, where K is the safety factor, and the value of the safety factor ranges from 7 to 10; b. A symmetrical pulling method is adopted, using an electric rope tensioner and matching fastening accessories to fasten the whole or stack of electrical copper wire blanks inside the container. The symmetrical pulling is an inverted Y-shaped knotting method, with the wire rope crossing through the bottom tray and about one-third of the blank body of the electrical copper wire blank being pulled. The length of the entire wire rope from bottom to top, from the tray and one-third of the blank body of the whole or stack of electrical copper wire blanks to the fixed rope loop at the top of the container side wall, and then to the bent rope end and the reserved tail after the matching fastening accessories are applied, shall not exceed 300mm and shall not be less than 100mm. c. Attach or place cardboard or burlap padding at the contact point between the steel wire rope and the electrical copper wire blank; d. Each tension wire rope shall withstand a force of S, and the breaking tensile force of the wire rope shall not be less than 2S.

2. The loading and reinforcement method for electrical copper wire blanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4)b, the matching fastening accessory is a rope clip, and the inverted Y-shaped knot is fixed by the save-body open-loop method: after the wire rope head passes through the fixed rope ring at the top of the container side wall, it is directly fixed with a rope clip and then tightened by an electric rope tightener.

3. The loading and reinforcement method for electrical copper wire blanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the inspection includes taking protective measures to prevent the surface of the copper wire blank to be installed from being oxidized.

4. The loading and reinforcement method for electrical copper wire blanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, This method is applied to multimodal transport using general 20-foot containers.

5. The loading and reinforcement method for electrical copper wire blanks according to claim 4, characterized in that, The multimodal transport includes rail, road or waterway transport.

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