Breakwater structure and breakwater system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a breakwater structure and a breakwater system. The breakwater structure includes a first floating body module, which is provided with a wave-facing surface and a first connecting surface, the wave-facing surface and the first connecting surface are two-phase back surfaces of the first floating body module, the first connecting surface is a plane structure, the wave-facing surface includes a first curved surface, and along the vertical direction, the distance between the first curved surface and the first connecting surface gradually increases; a second floating body module, which is provided with a back wave surface and a second connecting surface, the back wave surface and the second connecting surface are two-phase back surfaces of the second floating body module, the second connecting surface is a plane structure, the back wave surface includes a second curved surface, and along the vertical direction, the distance between the second curved surface and the second connecting surface gradually decreases; a connecting member, connecting the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface. The first curved surface of the wave-facing surface can effectively suppress the overtopping phenomenon and improve the reliability of the breakwater structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of breakwaters, and in particular to a breakwater structure and a breakwater system. Background Art

[0002] Breakwaters are key structures for breaking waves at sea. When existing breakwaters are used in severe sea conditions with high water depths (water depths above 25m) and high sea conditions (significant wave heights above 10m), large waves often pass over the breakwaters, reducing the reliability of the breakwaters.

[0003] Therefore, how to improve the reliability of breakwaters is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field currently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a breakwater structure to improve reliability.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A breakwater structure, comprising:

[0007] A first floating body module is provided with a wave-facing surface and a first connecting surface, wherein the wave-facing surface and the first connecting surface are two back surfaces of the first floating body module, the first connecting surface is a plane structure, the wave-facing surface includes a first curved surface, and along the vertical direction, the distance between the first curved surface and the first connecting surface gradually increases;

[0008] A second floating body module is provided with a back wave surface and a second connecting surface, wherein the back wave surface and the second connecting surface are two back surfaces of the second floating body module, the second connecting surface is a plane structure, the back wave surface includes a second curved surface, and along the vertical direction, the distance between the second curved surface and the second connecting surface gradually decreases;

[0009] A connecting member connects the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface.

[0010] Optionally, in the above-mentioned breakwater structure, the cross-sectional curve trajectory of the first curved surface conforms to a superelliptic curve or an elliptic curve; and / or, the cross-sectional curve trajectory of the second curved surface conforms to a superelliptic curve or an elliptic curve.

[0011] Optionally, in the above breakwater structure, the curve trajectory of the first curved surface is placed in a rectangular coordinate system, O is the origin of the rectangular coordinate system, x is the horizontal axis of the rectangular coordinate system, and y is the vertical axis of the rectangular coordinate system, then the cross-sectional curve trajectory equation of the first curved surface conforms to the following equation:

[0012]

[0013] Wherein, m and n are the curvature adjustment parameters of the curve, d is the major axis radius of the curve trajectory, and e is the minor axis radius of the curve trajectory.

[0014] Optionally, in the above breakwater structure, d=1.5e, the value range of m is 1.80-2.2, and the value range of n is 1.8-2.2.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-mentioned breakwater structure, a wave-breaking structure is also provided on the first curved surface.

[0016] Optionally, in the above breakwater structure, the connecting member includes a sleeve, a first floating body connecting rod, a second floating body connecting rod and an elastic element;

[0017] Among them, the first end of the first float connecting rod is connected to the first float module, the first end of the second float connecting rod is connected to the first float module, the two ends of the elastic element are respectively connected to the second end of the first float connecting rod and the second end of the second float connecting rod, and the sleeve is provided with a accommodating space along its axial direction, the elastic element is located in the accommodating space, and the second end of the first float connecting rod and the second end of the second float connecting rod are both slidably arranged in the accommodating space.

[0018] Optionally, in the above breakwater structure, the first floating body module includes a first floating body part and a first caisson part, the first floating body part and the first caisson part are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction, and the first curved surface is located in the first floating body part; and / or, the second floating body module includes a second floating body part and a second caisson part, the second floating body part and the second caisson part are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction, and the second curved surface is located in the second floating body part;

[0019] Wherein, the first floating body part and the second floating body part are both made of aluminum alloy, and the first caisson part and the second caisson part are both made of concrete.

[0020] Optionally, in the above breakwater structure, the first caisson section and the second caisson section have the same structure;

[0021] A partition is provided inside the first caisson part, and the partition divides the inner cavity of the first caisson part into an air cavity and a ballast cavity. The air cavity is filled with air, and the ballast cavity is filled with water or concrete.

[0022] A breakwater system, comprising a plurality of breakwater structures as described above, wherein the plurality of breakwater structures are arranged along a straight line or a curve;

[0023] The first floating module of the breakwater structure is provided with a first connecting sleeve, the second floating module is provided with a second connecting sleeve, adjacent first connecting sleeves are connected together by a connecting rope, and adjacent second connecting sleeves are connected together by a connecting rope.

[0024] Optionally, in the above breakwater system, the breakwater structure is fixed on the seabed by mooring cables and anchor foundations.

[0025] When using the breakwater structure provided by the present invention, the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface are connected by a connecting piece to connect the first floating body module and the second floating body module together so that the wave-facing surface faces the waves. Based on the fact that the first connecting surface is a plane structure, the wave-facing surface includes a first curved surface, and along the vertical direction, the distance between the first curved surface and the first connecting surface gradually increases. Therefore, the first curved surface of the wave-facing surface can effectively suppress the wave-over phenomenon and improve the reliability of the breakwater structure; and, since the second connecting surface is a plane structure, the back wave surface includes a second curved surface, and along the vertical direction, the distance between the second curved surface and the second connecting surface gradually decreases. Therefore, the second curved surface of the back wave surface can effectively increase the anti-overturning ability of the floating body and further improve the reliability of the breakwater structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a breakwater structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the side structure of a first floating body module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the side structure of a second floating body module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional curve trajectory of a first curved surface and a second curved surface provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a connecting piece provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a first caisson part provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a breakwater system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Among them, 100 is the first floating body module, 101 is the first floating body part, 1011 is the first curved surface, 1012 is the wave-breaking structure, 102 is the first caisson part, 1021 is the partition, 1022 is the air cavity, 1023 is the ballast cavity, 200 is the second floating body module, 201 is the second floating body part, 2011 is the second curved surface, 202 is the second caisson part, 300 is the connecting piece, 301 is the casing, 302 is the first floating body connecting rod, 303 is the second floating body connecting rod, 304 is the elastic element, 400 is the mooring cable, 500 is the connecting rope, and 600 is the anchoring foundation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a breakwater structure to improve reliability.

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a breakwater structure, including a first floating module 100 , a second floating module 200 and a connecting member 300 .

[0038] Among them, the first floating body module 100 is provided with a wave-facing surface and a first connecting surface, the wave-facing surface and the first connecting surface are the two-phase back surfaces of the first floating body module 100, the first connecting surface is a plane structure, the wave-facing surface includes a first curved surface 1011, and along the vertical direction, the distance between the first curved surface 1011 and the first connecting surface gradually increases; the second floating body module 200 is provided with a back wave surface and a second connecting surface, the back wave surface and the second connecting surface are the two-phase back surfaces of the second floating body module, the second connecting surface is a plane structure, the back wave surface includes a second curved surface 2011, and along the vertical direction, the distance between the second curved surface 2011 and the second connecting surface gradually decreases; the connecting member 300 connects the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface.

[0039] When using the breakwater structure provided by the present invention, the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface are connected by the connecting piece 300 to connect the first floating body module 100 and the second floating body module 200 together so that the wave-facing surface faces the waves. Based on the fact that the first connecting surface is a plane structure, the wave-facing surface includes a first curved surface, and along the vertical direction, the distance between the first curved surface and the first connecting surface gradually increases. Therefore, the first curved surface 1011 of the wave-facing surface can effectively suppress the wave-over phenomenon and improve the reliability of the breakwater structure; and, since the second connecting surface is a plane structure, the back wave surface includes a second curved surface, and along the vertical direction, the distance between the second curved surface and the second connecting surface gradually decreases. Therefore, the second curved surface of the back wave surface can effectively increase the anti-overturning ability of the floating body and further improve the reliability of the breakwater structure.

[0040] It should be noted that the specific shape, height and other parameters of the above-mentioned first curved surface 1011 are not specifically limited, as long as the shape and parameters can suppress the waves, they belong to the protection scope of the present invention; similarly, the specific shape, height and other parameters of the above-mentioned second curved surface 2011 are not specifically limited, as long as the shape and parameters can enhance the anti-overturning ability, they belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional curve trajectory of the first curved surface 1011 in the vertical plane conforms to a superelliptical curve or an elliptical curve, so that the first curved surface 1011 has a better wave-suppressing effect; and / or, the cross-sectional curve trajectory of the second curved surface 2011 in the vertical plane conforms to a superelliptical curve or an elliptical curve, so that the second curved surface 2011 has a better anti-overturning effect.

[0042] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the curve trajectory of the first curved surface 1011 is placed in a rectangular coordinate system, O is the origin of the rectangular coordinate system, x is the horizontal axis of the rectangular coordinate system, y is the vertical axis of the rectangular coordinate system, Ox is parallel to the horizontal direction, and Oy is parallel to the vertical direction. Then, the curve trajectory equation of the cross section of the first curved surface 1011 meets the following equation:

[0043]

[0044] Among them, m and n are curvature adjustment parameters of the curve, d is the major axis radius of the curve trajectory, and e is the minor axis radius of the curve trajectory, that is, d>e. The major axis of the above-mentioned super ellipse or ellipse is located on the y-axis, and the minor axis of the super ellipse or ellipse is located on the x-axis, so that the curve trajectory of the first curved surface 1011 has a higher height in the vertical direction, thereby improving the wave suppression effect of the first curved surface 1011.

[0045] It should be understood that the cross-sectional curve trajectory of the first curved surface 1011 can be the equation Figure 4The entire curve segment or part of the curve segment in the second quadrant of the rectangular coordinate system can also be the above equation in Figure 4 The combination of the entire curve segment in the second quadrant of the rectangular coordinate system, the partial curve segment in the first quadrant and the partial curve segment in the third quadrant, as long as the setting can meet the use requirements, belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] In addition, the cross-sectional curve trajectory of the second curved surface 2011 may or may not conform to the same equation as the cross-sectional curve trajectory of the first curved surface 1011. As long as the curve trajectory can meet the use requirements, it belongs to the protection scope of the present invention. Optionally, Figure 4 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional curve trajectory of the second curved surface 2011 is the above equation in Figure 4 The entire curve segment or part of the curve segment in the fourth quadrant of the rectangular coordinate system makes the cross-sectional area of ​​the second floating module 200 gradually increase from top to bottom, thereby increasing the stability of the second floating module 200 and improving the anti-overturning ability.

[0047] It should be noted that the present invention does not specifically limit the values ​​of d and e in the above equation. In practical applications, factors such as on-site construction conditions and factory equipment processing capabilities can be comprehensively considered. Optionally, 0≤d≤3m, 0≤e≤2m; in addition, since the curvature of the elliptic curve or the super elliptic curve can be adjusted by modifying the specific values ​​of m and n, the curvature of the first curved surface 1011 and the second curved surface 2011 can be adjusted by modifying the specific values ​​of m and n. In practical applications, the specific values ​​of m and n can be adaptively modified according to actual needs; preferably, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, d=1.5e, m=1.80-2.2, n=1.8-2.2, the value range of m is 1.80-2.2, and the value range of n is 1.8-2.2, so that when the wave impacts the first floating structure, the stress value on the first curved surface 1011 is smaller, the impact damage to the first curved surface 1011 is reduced, and the service life of the breakwater structure is extended.

[0048] Furthermore, a wave-breaking structure 1012 is also provided on the first curved surface 1011, so that the wave-breaking structure 1012 can disturb the waves, dissipate the wave energy, reduce the wave height, further suppress the waves from crossing the breakwater structure, and improve the reliability of the breakwater structure.

[0049] The above-mentioned wave-breaking structure 1012 can be a metal wave-breaking nail, spoiler strip or spoiler plate arranged on the first curved surface 1011. As long as the structural form can meet the use requirements, it belongs to the protection scope of the present invention; optionally, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the wave-breaking structure 1012 includes a plurality of metal wave-breaking nails, and the plurality of metal wave-breaking nails are distributed in an array on the first curved surface 1011 to reduce the surge height near the first curved surface 1011.

[0050] The connecting member 300 provided by the present invention can be a rigid connecting member or an elastic connecting member. As long as the type of connecting member 300 can meet the connection requirements, it belongs to the protection scope of the present invention; optionally, the connecting member 300 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is an elastic connecting member with damping effect, so as to absorb wave energy through the damping effect of the elastic connecting member and improve the stability of the breakwater structure.

[0051] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the connector 300 includes a sleeve 301, a first floating body connecting rod 302, a second floating body connecting rod 303 and an elastic element 304; wherein the first end of the first floating body connecting rod 302 is connected to the first floating body module 100, the first end of the second floating body connecting rod 303 is connected to the second floating body module 200, the two ends of the elastic element 304 are respectively connected to the second end of the first floating body connecting rod 302 and the second end of the second floating body connecting rod 303, and the sleeve 301 is provided with a receiving space along its axial direction, and the elastic element 304 ... 4 is located in the accommodation space, and the second end of the first floating body connecting rod 302 and the second end of the second floating body connecting rod 303 are both slidably arranged in the accommodation space, so that when the first floating body module 100 and the second floating body module 200 are impacted by waves, the first floating body connecting rod 302 and the second floating body connecting rod 303 compress the elastic element 304, so that the elastic element 304 absorbs wave energy, and then the first floating body connecting rod 302 and the second floating body connecting rod 303 are quickly reset through the elastic element 304, thereby improving the stability of the breakwater structure.

[0052] The elastic element 304 can be a hard spring, a rubber block or an air spring. As long as the type of part can meet the use requirements, it belongs to the protection scope of the present invention. Optionally, the elastic element 304 provided by the present invention is a spring, which is simple to connect and has a simpler anti-corrosion solution.

[0053] The first floating body module 100 provided by the present invention includes a first floating body part 101 and a first caisson part 102, and the first floating body part 101 and the first caisson part 102 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction, so that the first curved surface 1011 is set on the first floating body part 101, and weight is configured in the first caisson part 102, so that the first floating body module 100 maintains balance under the action of gravity and buoyancy; and / or, the second floating body module 200 includes a second floating body part 201 and a second caisson part 202, and the second floating body part 201 and the second caisson part 202 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction, so that the second curved surface 2011 is set on the second floating body part 201, and weight is configured in the second caisson part 202, so that the second floating body module 200 maintains balance under the action of gravity and buoyancy.

[0054] The manufacturing materials of the above-mentioned first floating body part 101, the first caisson part 102, the second floating body part 201 and the second caisson part 202 are not specifically limited; optionally, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first floating body part 101 and the second floating body part 201 are both made of aluminum alloy, and the first caisson part 102 and the second caisson part 202 are both made of concrete, so that the center of gravity of the first floating body module 100 and the second floating body module 200 is located below the centroid, thereby improving the stability of the first floating body module 100 and the second floating body module 200.

[0055] It should be understood that the structures of the first caisson part 102 and the second caisson part 202 may be the same or different, and as long as the configuration can meet the use requirements, it belongs to the protection scope of the present invention; optionally, the structures of the first caisson part 102 and the second caisson part 202 provided by the present invention are the same, so as to realize the universalization of the caisson parts, thereby facilitating the improvement of the batch manufacturing speed of the first caisson part 102 and the second caisson part 202.

[0056] Specifically, a partition 1021 is provided inside the first caisson section 102, and the partition 1021 divides the inner cavity of the first caisson section 102 into an air cavity 1022 and a ballast cavity 1023. The air cavity 1022 is filled with air, and the ballast cavity 1023 is filled with water or concrete to adjust the water level and prevent the entire breakwater structure from sinking after the first caisson section 102 is breached.

[0057] In addition, the present invention also discloses a breakwater system, comprising a plurality of breakwater structures as described above, wherein the plurality of breakwater structures are arranged along a straight line or a curve to form a breakwater system.

[0058] Furthermore, the first floating module 100 of the breakwater structure is provided with a first connecting sleeve 301, and the second floating module 200 is provided with a second connecting sleeve 301. Adjacent first connecting sleeves 301 are connected together by a connecting rope 500, and adjacent second connecting sleeves 301 are connected together by a connecting rope 500, so that multiple breakwater structures can be connected together by the connecting rope 500 to enhance the integrity of the breakwater system.

[0059] The breakwater structure provided by the present invention is fixed on the seabed via a mooring cable 400 and an anchor foundation 600 .

[0060] It should be understood that the breakwater system can be provided with corresponding mooring cables 400 and corresponding anchoring foundations 600 below each first floating module 100 and each second floating module 200, or can be provided with mooring cables 400 and anchoring foundations 600 at intervals of one or more first floating modules 100. As long as the setting method can meet the fixing requirements, it belongs to the protection scope of the present invention; optionally, Figure 7 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, two adjacent first floating modules 100 provided with mooring cables 400 are spaced apart by two first floating modules 100, and two adjacent second floating modules 200 provided with mooring cables 400 are spaced apart by two second floating modules 200, so as to reduce the number of mooring cables 400 and anchoring foundations 600 and reduce costs.

[0061] The terms "first" and "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may include steps or units that are not listed.

[0062] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A breakwater structure, characterized in that: include: A first floating body module is provided with a wave-facing surface and a first connecting surface, wherein the wave-facing surface and the first connecting surface are two back surfaces of the first floating body module, the first connecting surface is a plane structure, the wave-facing surface includes a first curved surface, and along the vertical direction, the distance between the first curved surface and the first connecting surface gradually increases; A second floating body module, which is provided with a back wave surface and a second connecting surface, the back wave surface and the second connecting surface are two-phase back surfaces of the second floating body module, the second connecting surface is a plane structure, the back wave surface includes a second curved surface, and along the vertical direction, the distance between the second curved surface and the second connecting surface gradually decreases; the cross-sectional curve trajectory of the first curved surface conforms to a superelliptical curve or an elliptical curve; and / or, the cross-sectional curve trajectory of the second curved surface conforms to a superelliptical curve or an elliptical curve; A connecting piece, connecting the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface; the connecting piece includes a sleeve, a first float connecting rod, a second float connecting rod and an elastic element; wherein the first end of the first float connecting rod is connected to the first float module, the first end of the second float connecting rod is connected to the second float module, the two ends of the elastic element are respectively connected to the second end of the first float connecting rod and the second end of the second float connecting rod, and the sleeve is provided with an accommodating space along its axial direction, the elastic element is located in the accommodating space, and the second end of the first float connecting rod and the second end of the second float connecting rod are both slidably arranged in the accommodating space.

2. The breakwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curve trajectory of the first curved surface is placed in a rectangular coordinate system, O is the origin of the rectangular coordinate system, x is the horizontal axis of the rectangular coordinate system, and y is the vertical axis of the rectangular coordinate system. Then, the curve trajectory equation of the cross section of the first curved surface meets the following equation: Wherein, m and n are the curvature adjustment parameters of the curve, d is the major axis radius of the curve trajectory, and e is the minor axis radius of the curve trajectory.

3. The breakwater structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: d=1.5e, the value range of m is 1.80-2.2, and the value range of n is 1.8-2.

2.

4. The breakwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first curved surface is also provided with a wave-breaking structure.

5. The breakwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first floating body module comprises a first floating body part and a first caisson part, the first floating body part and the first caisson part are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in a vertical direction, and the first curved surface is located in the first floating body part; and / or the second floating body module comprises a second floating body part and a second caisson part, the second floating body part and the second caisson part are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in a vertical direction, and the second curved surface is located in the second floating body part; Wherein, the first floating body part and the second floating body part are both made of aluminum alloy, and the first caisson part and the second caisson part are both made of concrete.

6. The breakwater structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first caisson part and the second caisson part have the same structure; A partition is provided inside the first caisson part, and the partition divides the inner cavity of the first caisson part into an air cavity and a ballast cavity. The air cavity is filled with air, and the ballast cavity is filled with water or concrete.

7. A breakwater system, characterized in that: comprising a plurality of breakwater structures according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the plurality of breakwater structures are arranged along a straight line or a curve; The first floating module of the breakwater structure is provided with a first connecting sleeve, the second floating module is provided with a second connecting sleeve, adjacent first connecting sleeves are connected together by a connecting rope, and adjacent second connecting sleeves are connected together by a connecting rope.

8. The breakwater system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The breakwater structure is fixed on the seabed by mooring cables and anchor foundations.

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