An underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking simulation test device and test method

Abstract

A test device and test method for simulating the surfacing and breaking ice of an underwater vehicle, comprising four upright columns fixed to the ground, with a test ice plate lifting fixture installed on the upper position of the four upright columns, the top surfaces of the four upright columns being connected by a top crossbeam, and a fixed pulley being installed on the top crossbeam through an axle; the structure of the test ice plate lifting fixture is as follows: it comprises two long trusses and two short trusses forming a square, a single truss comprises a "C"-shaped frame, on which longitudinal reinforcement ribs and annular reinforcement ribs are provided, and a lifting hole is provided above and below the annular reinforcement ribs for installing a lifting rope and connecting to a counterweight block; it also comprises an actuator arranged below the test ice plate lifting fixture, the actuator providing power input for upward movement, the actuator being connected to the structural assembly platform by a hinge, and after the underwater vehicle model structure is mounted on the structural assembly platform, it is rotated around the hinge to adjust the surfacing inclination angle, thereby realizing the full process simulation of the interaction between the vehicle and the test ice plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of test devices, and in particular to a test device and a test method for simulating a surfacing and icebreaking test of an underwater vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Polar ice serves as a good natural barrier and can effectively improve the stealth performance of underwater vehicles. Underwater vehicles can conduct tactical operations through the ice, which can enhance the deterrent effect of weapons. However, the existence of ice also poses a great challenge to the safety of underwater vehicles' surfacing, and brings new technical difficulties to their structural design and construction.

[0003] At present, research on underwater vehicles that can float and break ice in polar regions is still in its infancy. Since the preparation, collection and transfer of ice layers are quite difficult, and the structure-ice layer interaction process is extremely complex, related research is mainly based on numerical simulation, and the experimental method is the most intuitive way to obtain phenomena. The experimental device for simulating the interaction between the vehicle and the test ice plate throughout the process has not yet been publicly released. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing production technologies, the applicant provides a simulation test device and test method for underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking, thereby analyzing the interaction process between the underwater vehicle and the ice layer, surfacing at different inclination angles and speeds, and using boundary counterweights to equivalently attach ice bodies to impose vertical flexible constraints on the test ice layer, thereby realizing the full process simulation of the interaction between the vehicle and the test ice plate.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A test device for simulating icebreaking while surfacing an underwater vehicle comprises four upright posts fixed to the ground, with test ice plate hoisting fixtures installed on the upper portions of the four posts. Explosion-proof glass is installed between two adjacent posts, i.e., four sides of explosion-proof glass are provided. The top surfaces of the four posts are connected by a top crossbeam, and a fixed pulley is installed on the top crossbeam via an axle to change the direction of the load tension.

[0007] The structure of the test ice plate lifting fixture is as follows: It consists of two long trusses and two short trusses forming a square. The trusses are connected by bolts. Each truss consists of a "C"-shaped frame. The "C"-shaped frame is equipped with longitudinal and circumferential reinforcements. The circumferential reinforcements are provided with a lifting hole above and below for installing a lifting rope and connecting it to the counterweight.

[0008] It also includes an actuator arranged below the test ice plate lifting fixture, which provides power input for upward movement. The actuator is connected to the structural assembly platform through a hinge. After the underwater vehicle model structure is installed on the structural assembly platform, it is rotated around the hinge to adjust the floating inclination angle.

[0009] Its further technical solution is:

[0010] Limiters are installed on the inner sides of the four columns, and the limiters are used to fix and place the test ice plate lifting fixture.

[0011] The long truss and the short truss have the same structure.

[0012] A lifting lug is provided at each end of the short truss for use in the lifting operation of the test ice plate lifting fixture.

[0013] The test ice plate is installed in the middle of the two long trusses and the two short trusses.

[0014] Anti-collision guide wheels are respectively installed at the four corners of the outside of the "C"-shaped frame, a plywood is provided inside the "C"-shaped frame, rubber pads are provided on the opposite surfaces of the "C"-shaped frame and the plywood, a pad is provided in the middle position of the bottom surface of the plywood, and a fastening screw is installed at the bottom of the pad.

[0015] A sliding door is installed on one of the top beams.

[0016] A set of lifting ropes are installed at intervals on the long trusses and a single lifting rope is installed on the short trusses.

[0017] The actuator is fixed on the ground.

[0018] A test method for an underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking simulation test device includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Calculate the vertical restraint force of the attached ice body according to the size of the target ice plate;

[0020] Step 2: If the vertical restraint force is greater than the total weight of the test ice plate hoisting fixture and the test ice plate, the pulling force is directed downward; if the vertical restraint force is less than the total weight of the test ice plate hoisting fixture and the test ice plate, the pulling force direction is changed by the fixed pulley and compensated by the counterweight block;

[0021] Step 3: After the underwater vehicle model structure is installed on the structural assembly platform, it is rotated 0 to 30 degrees around the hinge and the actuator actuation speed is set to simulate the underwater vehicle model structure floating upright or at a certain pitch angle within 0 to 30 degrees, thereby performing the floating and icebreaking operation;

[0022] Step 4: After the test ice plate is prepared, fix it with the test ice plate hoisting fixture, clamp it with trusses on all sides, and assemble the trusses into one piece with bolts; tighten the fastening screws to pre-tighten the four sides of the test ice plate; then place the overall test ice plate hoisting fixture on the upper part of the column, and connect the counterweight block to the annular reinforcement rib on the test ice plate hoisting fixture through the lifting hole;

[0023] Step 5: Start the actuator to slowly bring the underwater vehicle model structure into contact with the test ice plate and interact with each other until the action ends. During this period, images can be collected through the explosion-proof glass, and mechanical parameters such as displacement, deformation, strain, and stress can be measured.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] The present invention has a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. Through the mutual cooperation between the test ice plate lifting fixture, test protection cabinet, counterweight block, actuator, structural assembly platform and other components, the aircraft can be easily floated at different inclination angles and speeds. The vertical flexible constraint of the test layer of ice by the equivalent attached ice body is achieved by means of boundary counterweights, thereby realizing the full process simulation of the interaction between the aircraft and the test ice plate.

[0026] At the same time, the present invention also has the following advantages:

[0027] 1) The principle of this device is simple and can realize the fixation and transfer of ice plate structure;

[0028] 2) This device can simulate the flexible constraints of attached ice on the test ice plate, which not only reduces the scale of ice making and the test's reliance on large ice-making pools, but also more accurately simulates the interaction between underwater vehicles and the test ice plate.

[0029] 3) This device can adjust the inclination angle and speed of the underwater vehicle, which can be used to study the impact of changes in these key parameters on the interaction loads and contact response between the structure and the ice plate;

[0030] 4) The present invention is mainly used in underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking test research. It can realize the surfacing of the vehicle in different postures, the equivalent simplification of the constraint force of the attached ice body on the test layer of ice, and realize the full process simulation of the interaction between the underwater vehicle and the test layer of ice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is the front view of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a side view of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a top view of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the short truss of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the long truss of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a top view of the test ice plate lifting fixture of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the test ice plate lifting fixture of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Full section view along section AA.

[0039] Figure 9 for Figure 6 Full cross-sectional view along section BB.

[0040] Figure 10 for Figure 7 Full cross-sectional view along CC section.

[0041] Among them: 1. "C"-shaped frame; 2. Anti-collision guide wheel; 3. Rubber pad; 4. Clamp; 5. Longitudinal reinforcement rib; 6. Circumferential reinforcement rib; 7. Lifting hole; 8. Pad; 9. Fastening screw; 10. Bolt; 11. Lifting ear; 12. Lifting rope; 13. Counterweight; 14. Fixed pulley; 15. Column; 16. Underwater vehicle model structure; 17. Structural assembly platform; 18. Actuator; 19. Explosion-proof glass; 20. Hinge; 21. Top beam; 22. Sliding door; 23. Limiter; 24. Test ice plate; 25. Axle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] like Figures 1-10 As shown, the underwater vehicle surfacing icebreaking simulation test device of this embodiment includes four columns 15 fixed to the ground. A test ice plate lifting fixture is installed on the upper position of the four columns 15. An explosion-proof glass 19 is installed between two adjacent columns 15, that is, four explosion-proof glasses 19 are provided. The top surfaces of the four columns 15 are connected by a top crossbeam 21. A fixed pulley 14 is installed on the top crossbeam 21 through an axle 25 to change the direction of the load tension.

[0044] The structure of the test ice plate lifting fixture is as follows: it includes two long trusses and two short trusses forming a square, and each truss is connected by bolts 10. Each truss includes a "C"-shaped frame 1. The "C"-shaped frame 1 is provided with longitudinal reinforcement 5 and annular reinforcement 6. The annular reinforcement 6 is provided with a lifting hole 7 at the top and bottom for installing a lifting rope 12, which is connected to the counterweight block 13.

[0045] It also includes an actuator 18 arranged below the test ice plate lifting fixture. The actuator 18 provides power input for upward movement. The actuator 18 is connected to the structural assembly platform 17 through a hinge 20. After the underwater vehicle model structure 16 is installed on the structural assembly platform 17, it is rotated around the hinge 20 to adjust the floating inclination angle.

[0046] The inner sides of the four columns 15 are all installed with limiters 23, which are used to fix and place the test ice plate lifting fixture.

[0047] The long trusses and the short trusses have the same structure.

[0048] A lifting lug 11 is provided at each end of the short truss for use in the lifting operation of the test ice plate lifting fixture.

[0049] The test ice plate 24 is installed in the middle of the two long trusses and the two short trusses.

[0050] Anti-collision guide wheels 2 are respectively installed at the four corners of the outside of the "C"-shaped frame 1, a plywood 4 is provided inside the "C"-shaped frame 1, rubber pads 3 are provided on the opposite surfaces of the "C"-shaped frame 1 and the plywood 4, a pad 8 is provided in the middle position of the bottom surface of the plywood 4, and a fastening screw 9 is installed at the bottom of the pad 8.

[0051] A sliding door 22 is installed on one of the top cross beams 21 .

[0052] A set of suspension ropes 12 are installed at intervals on the long truss, and one suspension rope 12 is installed on the short truss.

[0053] The actuator 18 is fixed to the ground.

[0054] The test method of the underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking simulation test device of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Calculate the vertical restraint force of the attached ice body according to the size of the target ice plate;

[0056] Step 2: If the vertical restraining force is greater than the total weight of the test ice plate hoisting fixture and the test ice plate 24, the pulling force is directed downward; if the vertical restraining force is less than the total weight of the test ice plate hoisting fixture and the test ice plate 24, the pulling force direction is changed by the fixed pulley 14 and compensated by the counterweight 13;

[0057] Step 3: After the underwater vehicle model structure 16 is mounted on the structure assembly platform 17, it is rotated 0 to 30 degrees around the hinge 20, and the actuation speed of the actuator 18 is set to simulate the underwater vehicle model structure 16 floating upright or at a certain longitudinal angle within 0 to 30 degrees, thereby performing a floating and icebreaking operation;

[0058] Step 4: After preparing the test ice plate 24, fix it with the test ice plate hoisting fixture, clamp it with trusses on all sides, and assemble the trusses into one piece with bolts 10; tighten the fastening screws 9 to pre-tighten the four sides of the test ice plate 24; then place the entire test ice plate hoisting fixture on the upper part of the column 15, and connect the counterweight block 13 to the annular reinforcement rib 6 on the test ice plate hoisting fixture through the lifting hole 7;

[0059] Step 5: Start the actuator 18 to slowly bring the underwater vehicle model structure 16 into contact with the test ice plate 24 and interact with each other until the interaction ends. During this period, images can be collected through the explosion-proof glass 19, and mechanical parameters such as displacement, deformation, strain, and stress can be measured.

[0060] The specific structure and functions of the underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking simulation test device described in the present invention are as follows:

[0061] It mainly includes a test ice plate lifting fixture, a test protection cabinet, a counterweight block 13, an actuator 18, a structural assembly platform 17, etc.

[0062] The test ice plate hoisting fixture consists of two long and two short trusses, and the trusses are connected by bolts 10 to achieve zero-to-whole conversion.

[0063] The truss cross section is composed of a "C"-shaped frame 1, a plywood 4, a rubber pad 3, a fastening screw 9, and a pad 8, which is used to install and fix the test ice plate 24; in order to reduce the collision and friction between the fixture and the test protection cabinet, anti-collision guide wheels 2 are set on the four corners of the "C"-shaped frame 1. At the same time, in order to increase the longitudinal and circumferential strength of each truss, longitudinal reinforcement 5 and circumferential reinforcement 6 are set on the "C"-shaped frame 1; a lifting hole 7 is set above and below the circumferential reinforcement 6 for installing a lifting rope 12 and connecting it to the counterweight block 13; a lifting ear 11 is set at each end of the short truss for lifting operations of the test ice plate lifting fixture.

[0064] Among them, the interior of the test protection cabinet is used to carry out floating icebreaking tests. Limiters 23 are provided on the four columns 15 for placing the test ice plate lifting fixtures; explosion-proof glass 19 is installed on all four sides, which can not only be used for test protection, but also facilitates intuitive witnessing of the test process; a sliding door 22 is set on one of the short sides for test personnel to enter and exit for debugging; fixed pulleys 14 are set on the top cross beams 21 on all four sides through axles 25 to change the direction of the loading tension.

[0065] Among them, the actuator 18 provides power input for upward movement and is connected to the structural assembly platform 17 through a hinge 20. After the underwater vehicle model structure 16 is installed on the structural assembly platform 17, it rotates around the hinge 20 to adjust the floating inclination angle.

[0066] The counterweight 13 of the present invention is used to simulate the restraining force of the attached ice plate on the test ice plate.

[0067] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0068] First, based on the target ice layer size, the vertical constraint force of the attached ice body is calculated, and the vertical constraint force is simulated by adjusting the number of counterweights 13: if the vertical constraint force is greater than the total weight of the lifting fixture and the test ice layer 24, the pulling force is downward; if the vertical constraint force is less than the total weight of the lifting fixture and the test ice layer 24, the direction of the pulling force is changed by the fixed pulley 14, and compensation is performed by the counterweights 13.

[0069] Secondly, after the underwater vehicle model structure 16 is installed on the structural assembly platform 17, it is rotated around the hinge 20 to a specified angle, and the actuation speed of the actuator 18 is set to simulate the underwater vehicle model structure 16 to perform a floating and icebreaking operation at a certain posture and speed.

[0070] Then, after preparing the test ice plate 24 of the specified size, fix it with a lifting fixture: clamp it with trusses on all sides, assemble the trusses into one piece with bolts 10; screw the fastening screws 9 to give the test ice plate 24

[0071] the lifting fixture is placed on the test protection cabinet limiter 23 through the lifting ear 11, and the counterweight 13 is connected to the annular reinforcement rib 6 on the test ice plate lifting fixture through the lifting hole 7 5.

[0072] Finally, the actuator 18 is started, so that it slowly contacts the test ice plate 24 and interacts with it until the action ends; during this period, images can be collected through the explosion-proof glass 19, and mechanical parameters such as displacement, deformation, strain, and stress can be measured.

[0073] Through the above operation process, the whole process simulation of the interaction between the underwater vehicle and the test layer ice can be easily completed, which is convenient to operate and has good working reliability.

[0074] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any modifications may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking, characterized by: It includes four columns (15) fixed to the ground, and a test ice plate hoisting fixture is installed at the upper position of the four columns (15). An explosion-proof glass (19) is installed between two adjacent columns (15), that is, four explosion-proof glasses (19) are provided. The top surfaces of the four columns (15) are connected by a top crossbeam (21), and a fixed pulley (14) is installed on the top crossbeam (21) through an axle (25) to change the direction of the load tension; The structure of the test ice plate hoisting fixture is as follows: it includes two long trusses and two short trusses forming a square, each truss being connected by bolts (10), and a single truss including a "C"-shaped frame (1), the "C"-shaped frame (1) being provided with longitudinal reinforcement ribs (5) and annular reinforcement ribs (6), and the annular reinforcement ribs (6) being provided with a lifting hole (7) at the top and bottom for installing a lifting rope (12) for connecting to a counterweight (13); The invention also includes an actuator (18) arranged below the test ice plate hoisting fixture, wherein the actuator (18) provides power input for upward movement. The actuator (18) is connected to the structural assembly platform (17) through a hinge (20). After the underwater vehicle model structure (16) is installed on the structural assembly platform (17), it is rotated around the hinge (20) to adjust the floating inclination angle.

2. The underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner sides of the four columns (15) are all installed with limiters (23), and the limiters (23) are used to fix and place the test ice plate hoisting fixture.

3. The underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The long truss and the short truss have the same structure.

4. The underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting lug (11) is provided at each end of the short truss for use in the hoisting operation of the test ice plate hoisting fixture.

5. The underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test ice plate (24) is installed in the middle of the two long trusses and the two short trusses.

6. The underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Anti-collision guide wheels (2) are respectively installed at the four corners of the outside of the "C"-shaped frame (1), a clamping plate (4) is provided inside the "C"-shaped frame (1), rubber pads (3) are provided on the opposite surfaces of the "C"-shaped frame (1) and the clamping plate (4), a cushion block (8) is provided in the middle position of the bottom surface of the clamping plate (4), and a fastening screw (9) is installed at the bottom of the cushion block (8).

7. The underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding door (22) is installed at one of the top crossbeams (21).

8. The underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A set of spaced suspension ropes (12) are installed on the long truss, and one suspension rope (12) is installed on the short truss.

9. The underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actuator (18) is fixed on the ground.

10. A test method using the underwater vehicle surfacing and icebreaking simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: Step 1: Calculate the vertical restraint force of the attached ice body according to the size of the target ice plate; Step 2: If the vertical restraining force is greater than the total weight of the test ice plate hoisting fixture and the test ice plate (24), the pulling force is directed downward; if the vertical restraining force is less than the total weight of the test ice plate hoisting fixture and the test ice plate (24), the pulling force direction is changed by the fixed pulley (14) and compensated by the counterweight (13); Step 3: After the underwater vehicle model structure (16) is mounted on the structure assembly platform (17), it is rotated 0-30° around the hinge (20), and the actuation speed of the actuator (18) is set to simulate the underwater vehicle model structure (16) floating upright or floating at a certain longitudinal angle within 0-30°, thereby performing a floating and icebreaking operation; Step 4: After the test ice plate (24) is prepared, it is fixed with a test ice plate hoisting fixture, clamped with trusses on all sides, and the trusses are assembled into one piece by bolts (10); the fastening screws (9) are screwed to pre-tighten the four sides of the test ice plate (24); then the overall test ice plate hoisting fixture is placed on the upper part of the column (15), and the counterweight block (13) is connected to the annular reinforcement rib (6) on the test ice plate hoisting fixture through the hanging hole (7); Step 5: Start the actuator (18) to make the underwater vehicle model structure (16) slowly contact and interact with the test ice plate (24) until the action ends; during this period, images can be collected through the explosion-proof glass (19), and displacement, deformation, strain, and stress mechanical parameters can be measured.

Images