A tunnel roof cracking safety detection device

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel top cracking safety detection equipment, which comprises an engineering vehicle for supporting when cracks are detected, a lifting mechanism arranged on the engineering vehicle and a supporting table installed on the top of the lifting mechanism, and further comprises a detection table, wherein the supporting table supports the detection table through an angle adjusting mechanism arranged on the top; an ultrasonic detector and a geological radar are arranged above the detection table, and a knocking mechanism is installed on the detection table. The tunnel top cracking safety detection equipment is provided with the ultrasonic detector and the geological radar arranged on the detection table on the top of the engineering vehicle, and the tunnel top cracks are comprehensively detected. The depth of the tunnel top cracks and the defect situation behind the cracks are analyzed. Whether the deep cracks penetrate the tunnel top cracks and whether the defects exist behind the tunnel lining corresponding to the cracks can be compared and analyzed, and the accuracy of the detection result is further improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel detection, in particular to a tunnel top cracking safety detection equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] After tunnel excavation, the original balance of the surrounding strata is destroyed, causing deformation or collapse of the tunnel. In order to protect the stability of the surrounding rock and ensure driving safety, the tunnel must have a support structure with sufficient strength, i.e. tunnel lining.

[0003] Tunnel lining is a permanent support structure constructed along the perimeter of the tunnel body with reinforced concrete and other materials to prevent deformation or collapse of the surrounding rock. Different lining forms can be used in different surrounding rocks. Commonly used lining forms include sprayed concrete lining, sprayed anchor lining and composite lining, and composite lining is mostly used.

[0004] With the development of society, tunnel excavation for building highways and railways has become a means to achieve traffic convenience. However, in the construction and maintenance of railway and highway tunnels, cracks, holes, leaks, voids and other defects may exist in the inner wall of the tunnel. Tunnel lining and tunnel bottom often have problems such as cracking, water seepage, insufficient lining thickness, lining void, misplacement of steel bars and steel arches, tunnel bottom damage, mud spewing and other problems, which directly affect the service life of the tunnel and driving safety. Tunnel lining detection is one of the important measures to ensure driving safety.

[0005] Currently, concrete cracks at the top of the tunnel are the most common engineering defects in tunnel engineering. In order to prevent cracks at the top of the tunnel, it is necessary to frequently detect and maintain the top of the tunnel. The existing detection of broken tunnels mainly uses ultrasonic method, which uses the time of pulse wave propagation in concrete, the amplitude, frequency and waveform changes of received wave to determine the depth of cracks. One detection method is that a person uses a knocking hammer to knock the top of the tunnel. At this time, the person needs to stand on a high workbench and hold the knocking hammer with one hand and the ultrasonic detector with the other hand, and stick it to the top of the tunnel for detection. The manual detection method has certain errors, and there are certain safety hazards when detecting on a high detection vehicle.

[0006] Another kind of detection radar is placed on the detection vehicle to detect the cracks on the top of the tunnel by moving the detection vehicle, such as the existing patent application No. CN202110029666. X discloses a tunnel vault detection trolley, but the causes of the cracks of the tunnel secondary lining concrete are very complex, which are related to adverse engineering geological conditions, improper design, and non-standard construction, etc. It is the result of the comprehensive action of single or multiple adverse factors such as uneven distribution of surrounding rock pressure, weak supporting structure, or concrete drying shrinkage. Therefore, when the geological radar approaches the position of the vertical crack development area, the radar reflection wave amplitude is obviously reduced or interrupted, thereby affecting the detection accuracy. Therefore, we propose a tunnel top cracking safety detection equipment. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a tunnel top cracking safety detection equipment to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a tunnel top cracking safety detection equipment, comprising an engineering vehicle for supporting crack detection, a lifting mechanism arranged on the engineering vehicle, and a support table installed on the top of the lifting mechanism, further comprising:

[0009] A detection table, the support table supports the detection table through the angle adjusting mechanism arranged on the top;

[0010] An ultrasonic detector and a geological radar, the ultrasonic detector and the geological radar are arranged above the detection table, and are used for comprehensive detection of the tunnel top secondary lining cracks;

[0011] A knocking mechanism, the knocking mechanism is installed on the detection table, and is used for knocking during tunnel top detection in cooperation with the ultrasonic detector;

[0012] A fine adjustment plate, the fine adjustment plate is used for adjusting the height of the fine adjustment plate relative to the detection table through the fine adjustment part arranged on the detection table, and the fine adjustment plate is used for supporting the knocking mechanism, the ultrasonic detector, and the geological radar;

[0013] A detection mechanism, the detection mechanism is used for pre-detecting the state of the tunnel top when the ultrasonic detector and the geological radar detect along the tunnel top.

[0014] Preferably, the angle adjusting mechanism comprises an electric push rod with an output end fixedly connected to the top of the detection table, a rotating plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the electric push rod, and a rotating part arranged on the detection table for rotating the rotating plate;

[0015] Two guide rods are installed on the outer side of the electric push rod, and two guide plates are installed on the detection table, and guide grooves for limiting the guide rods are arranged on the two guide plates.

[0016] Preferably, the rotating member comprises a support seat fixedly installed on the top of the support table, a rotating shaft is penetrated through the top of the support seat, and the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the support seat;

[0017] The rotating plate is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating shaft;

[0018] One end of the rotating shaft located outside the support seat is provided with a worm gear, a worm is arranged outside the support seat for driving the worm gear, a driving motor is installed on the support seat for driving the worm, and the worm gear is rotationally connected to the support seat through a rotating shaft.

[0019] Preferably, the knocking mechanism comprises an adjusting rod rotationally connected to the fine tuning plate through a bearing seat;

[0020] The fine tuning plate is provided with a synchronizing member for driving the adjusting rod, and the synchronizing member is connected with a cleaning member for cleaning the detection end of the ultrasonic detector;

[0021] The adjusting rod is provided with two continuous V-shaped adjusting grooves, two moving rods are slidingly connected to the adjusting grooves, and a moving frame is rotationally connected between the moving rods away from the adjusting grooves;

[0022] The moving frame is fixedly installed with a knocking rod on the top, and the knocking rod is fixedly installed with a knocking head on the top;

[0023] The knocking rod is provided with two sliding grooves, and the knocking rod is slidingly sleeved with a sliding sleeve outside, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve is fixedly installed with a limiting block for limiting the sliding groove, and the sliding sleeve is connected with the cleaning member.

[0024] Preferably, the synchronizing member comprises a synchronous motor installed on the fine tuning plate through a support, the output end of the synchronous motor is fixedly connected with a first adjusting gear, the outer side of the first adjusting gear is meshingly connected with a second adjusting gear, and the second adjusting gear is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the adjusting rod.

[0025] Preferably, the cleaning member comprises a third adjusting gear meshingly connected with the second adjusting gear, the inner ring of the third adjusting gear is fixedly connected with a support sleeve with internal threads, and the support sleeve is rotationally connected to the fine tuning plate through a bearing seat;

[0026] The support sleeve is threadedly connected with a support rod with external threads on the top, and the support rod is installed with a rubber sealing plug on the top;

[0027] The rubber sealing plug is connected with a sealing shell on the top, the sealing shell is fixedly installed on the fine tuning plate through the connecting frame arranged outside, and the sealing shell is used for supporting the sliding sleeve;

[0028] One side of the sealing shell is respectively provided with a gas pipe and a top part, and a one-way valve is arranged on each of the two gas pipes.

[0029] One end of the gas pipe at the top of the sealing shell is communicated with a dispersion pipe, the dispersion pipe is located outside the ultrasonic detector, and the detection end of the ultrasonic detector is cleaned through a plurality of gas outlets arranged on the dispersion pipe.

[0030] Preferably, two fixing rods are arranged on the fine tuning plate, and the ultrasonic detector and the ground penetrating radar are respectively supported by the two fixing rods through the protective shell arranged on the top.

[0031] Preferably, four detection mechanisms are arranged around the ultrasonic detector.

[0032] Preferably, the detection mechanism comprises a pressure sensor arranged on the top of the detection table, and a connecting spring is arranged on the top of the pressure sensor.

[0033] A connecting plate is arranged on the top of the connecting spring, a connecting rod is arranged on the top of the connecting plate, a connecting block is arranged on the top of the connecting rod, and a detection rod is arranged on the top of the connecting block.

[0034] Two limiting rods are slidably arranged on the connecting plate, and the detection table is used for supporting the two limiting rods.

[0035] The present application has at least the following advantages:

[0036] 1. When the present application is used, the ultrasonic detector and the ground penetrating radar arranged on the detection table on the top of the engineering vehicle are used for comprehensive detection of the cracks on the top of the tunnel, the depth of the cracks on the top of the tunnel and the defect situation behind the cracks are analyzed, whether the deep cracks penetrate the cracks on the top of the tunnel and whether there are defects behind the tunnel lining corresponding to the cracks are compared and analyzed, and the accuracy of the detection result is further improved.

[0037] 2. When the present application is used, the ultrasonic detector and the ground penetrating radar arranged on the detection table on the top of the engineering vehicle are used for comprehensive detection of the cracks on the top of the tunnel, the depth of the cracks on the top of the tunnel and the defect situation behind the cracks are analyzed, whether the deep cracks penetrate the cracks on the top of the tunnel and whether there are defects behind the tunnel lining corresponding to the cracks are compared and analyzed, and the accuracy of the detection result is further improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the support table structure of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3Structure diagram of detection table of the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 Structure diagram of geological radar of the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 Structure diagram of fine adjustment part of the present application;

[0043] Figure 6 Structure diagram of fine adjustment screw rod of the present application;

[0044] Figure 7 Structure diagram of internal structure of connecting shell of the present application;

[0045] Figure 8 Structure diagram of adjustment rod of the present application;

[0046] Figure 9 Structure diagram of moving rod of the present application;

[0047] Figure 10 Structure diagram of internal structure of sealing shell of the present application;

[0048] Figure 11 Structure diagram of detection mechanism of the present application.

[0049] In the figure: 1-Engineering vehicle; 11-Supporting table; 2-Detection table; 21-Ultrasonic detector; 22-Geological radar; 3-Hitting mechanism; 31-Adjustment rod; 311-Adjustment groove; 32-Synchronous part; 321-Synchronous motor; 322-First adjustment gear; 323-Second adjustment gear; 33-Cleaning part; 331-Third adjustment gear; 332-Supporting sleeve; 333-Supporting rod; 334-Rubber sealing plug; 335-Sealing shell; 336-Air pipe; 337-Diffusion pipe; 34-Moving rod; 35-Moving frame; 36-Hitting rod; 361-Sliding groove; 37-Hitting head; 38-Sliding sleeve; 4-Fine adjustment plate; 41-Fixed rod; 42-Pressure sensor; 43-Connecting spring; 5-Detection mechanism; 51-Connecting plate; 52-Connecting rod; 53-Connecting block; 54-Detection rod; 55-Limiting rod; 6-Angle adjustment mechanism; 61-Electric push rod; 62-Rotating plate; 63-Rotating part; 631-Supporting seat; 632-Rotating shaft; 633-Worm wheel; 634-Worm; 635-Driving motor; 64-Guiding rod; 65-Guiding plate; 7-Fine adjustment part; 71-Miniature air cylinder; 72-Cushion spring; 73-Connecting shell; 74-Fine adjustment screw rod; 75-Fine adjustment gear; 76-Synchronous belt; 77-Miniature motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1-11 The present application provides a technical solution:

[0052] Embodiment one

[0053] A tunnel top cracking safety detection equipment, including an engineering vehicle 1 for supporting when detecting cracks, and a walking track is arranged at the bottom of the tunnel, when in use, the engineering vehicle 1 moves and walks inside the tunnel along the walking track, a lifting mechanism arranged on the engineering vehicle 1 and a supporting table 11 installed on the top of the lifting mechanism, further comprising:

[0054] A detection table 2, the supporting table 11 supports the detection table 2 through the angle adjusting mechanism 6 arranged on the top, an ultrasonic detector 21 and a geological radar 22, the ultrasonic detector 21 and the geological radar 22 are arranged above the detection table 2, for comprehensive detection of the tunnel top secondary lining cracks;

[0055] The angle adjusting mechanism 6 comprises an electric push rod 61 with the output end fixedly connected to the top of the detection table 2, a rotating plate 62 fixedly connected to the bottom of the electric push rod 61, a rotating part 63 arranged on the detection table 2 for rotating the rotating plate 62, the rotating part 63 comprises a support seat 631 fixedly installed on the top of the supporting table 11, a rotating shaft 632 penetrating through the top of the support seat 631, and the rotating shaft 632 is rotatably connected with the support seat 631;

[0056] The rotating plate 62 is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating shaft 632;

[0057] One end of the rotating shaft 632 outside the support seat 631 is provided with a worm gear 633, and the outside of the support seat 631 is provided with a worm 634 for driving the worm gear 633, the support seat 631 is provided with a driving motor 635 for driving the worm 634, the worm 634 and the worm gear 633 have self-locking effect, further stabilizing the connection between the rotating shaft 632 and the support seat 631, and the worm gear 633 is rotatably connected to the support seat 631 through the rotating shaft;

[0058] Two guide rods 64 are installed outside the electric push rod 61, and two guide plates 65 are installed on the detection table 2, and the two guide plates 65 are provided with guide grooves for limiting the guide rods 64.

[0059] Specific implementation process: when detecting the cracks on the top of the tunnel, the engineering vehicle 1 moves along the inside of the tunnel, and at the same time, when it moves to the detection position, the detection plate is adjusted relative to the top of the tunnel by the electric push rod 61, and at the same time, the ultrasonic detector 21 and the geological radar 22 detect the top of the tunnel;

[0060] The driving motor 635 is driven to rotate the worm gear 634, which in turn drives the worm wheel 633 to rotate, and at the same time, the rotating shaft 632 drives the rotating plate 62 to rotate, and at the same time, the detection platform 2 is rotated around the top of the tunnel by the electric push rod 61, and at the same time, the ultrasonic detector 21 and the geological radar 22 are rotated around the top of the tunnel.

[0061] The knocking mechanism 3 is installed on the detection platform 2 and is used to knock the top of the tunnel when the ultrasonic detector 21 detects it. The knocking mechanism 3 includes an adjusting rod 31 connected to the fine adjustment plate 4 by a bearing seat;

[0062] The fine adjustment plate 4 is adjusted relative to the detection platform 2 by the fine adjustment part 7 provided on the detection platform 2, and the fine adjustment part 7 includes a micro cylinder 71 provided on the detection platform 2, and the output end of the micro cylinder 71 is fixedly connected with the fine adjustment plate 4. A plurality of buffer springs 72 are installed between the fine adjustment plate 4 and the detection platform 2, so that the fine adjustment plate 4 can be adjusted relative to the distance between the detection plate by the operation of the micro cylinder 71, and the fine adjustment plate 4 is used to support the knocking mechanism 3, the ultrasonic detector 21 and the geological radar 22. Two fixed rods 41 are provided on the fine adjustment plate 4, and the two fixed rods 41 are respectively supported by the protective shell provided on the top to support the ultrasonic detector 21 and the geological radar 22;

[0063] The fine adjustment plate 4 is provided with a synchronous part 32 for driving the adjusting rod 31, and the synchronous part 32 includes a synchronous motor 321 installed on the fine adjustment plate 4 by a support, and the output end of the synchronous motor 321 is fixedly connected with a first adjusting gear 322, and the outer side of the first adjusting gear 322 is meshingly connected with a second adjusting gear 323, and the second adjusting gear 323 is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the adjusting rod 31. A cleaning part 33 is connected to the synchronous part 32, and the cleaning part 33 is used to clean the detection end of the ultrasonic detector 21;

[0064] Two continuous V-shaped adjusting grooves 311 are provided on the adjusting rod 31, and two moving rods 34 are slidably connected in the two adjusting grooves 311, and the moving rods 34 are rotatably connected with a moving frame 35 at the ends away from the adjusting grooves 311;

[0065] The knocking rod 36 is fixedly installed on the top of the moving frame 35, and the knocking head 37 is fixedly installed on the top of the knocking rod 36;

[0066] The knocking rod 36 is provided with two sliding grooves 361, and the sliding sleeve 38 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the knocking rod 36. The limiting block for limiting the sliding groove 361 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 38, and the sliding sleeve 38 is connected with the cleaning piece 33;

[0067] The cleaning piece 33 comprises the third adjusting gear 331 which is engagedly connected with the second adjusting gear 323. The support sleeve 332 with internal threads is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the third adjusting gear 331, and the support sleeve 332 is rotatably connected to the fine adjustment plate 4 through the bearing seat;

[0068] The support rod 333 with external threads is threadedly connected to the top of the support sleeve 332, and the rubber sealing plug 334 is installed on the top of the support rod 333;

[0069] The sealing shell 335 is connected to the top of the rubber sealing plug 334 in a matching manner. The sealing shell 335 is fixedly installed on the fine adjustment plate 4 through the connecting frame provided on the outer side, and the sealing shell 335 is used for supporting the sliding sleeve 38;

[0070] The air pipes 336 are installed on the top and one side of the sealing shell 335 respectively, and the one-way valves are installed on the two air pipes 336. The automatic controller is installed on the air pipe 336 on the top of the sealing shell 335, and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the one-way valves;

[0071] The dispersion pipe 337 is communicated with one end of the air pipe 336 on the top of the sealing shell 335. The dispersion pipe 337 is located on the outer side of the ultrasonic detector 21, and is used for cleaning the detection end of the ultrasonic detector 21 through the multiple air outlets provided thereon;

[0072] Specific implementation process: when the ultrasonic detector 21 detects the top of the tunnel, the synchronous motor 321 operates, so as to drive the second adjusting gear 323 to rotate through the first adjusting gear 322. When the second adjusting gear 323 rotates, the adjusting rod 31 is further driven to rotate. When the adjusting rod 31 rotates, the adjusting groove 311 rotates with it. When the adjusting groove 311 rotates, the moving frame 35 is further moved up and down relative to the top of the tunnel through the two moving rods 34 under the limiting action of the knocking rod 36 and the sliding sleeve 38. The knocking head 37 is further reciprocated to knock the top of the tunnel, so as to cooperate with the ultrasonic detector 21 to detect the top of the tunnel;

[0073] When the second adjusting gear 323 rotates, the outer third adjusting gear 331 is further rotated, and when the third adjusting gear 331 rotates, the support sleeve 332 is further rotated, the support sleeve 332 rotation provides a driving force for the support rod 333, and the support rod 333 is further vertically moved up and down relative to the sealing shell 335 under the limiting of the rubber sealing plug 334 at the top of the support rod 333, and in the process of vertical up and down movement of the rubber sealing plug 334, when the sealing plug moves down, the air pipe 336 at one end of the sealing shell 335 is used for air extraction through the one-way valve, and when the sealing plug moves up, the one-way valve at the top of the air pipe 336 of the sealing shell 335 is opened, the internal gas is guided into the dispersion pipe 337 from the top air pipe 336, the dispersion pipe 337 blows the gas to the detection end of the ultrasonic detector 21, further realizing the cleaning of the detection end of the ultrasonic detector 21, preventing the detection end from being affected by the tunnel top stone.

[0074] The detection mechanism 5 is used for pre-detecting the state of the tunnel top when the ultrasonic detector 21 and the geological radar 22 detect along the tunnel top, and the detection mechanism 5 is provided with four, the four detection mechanisms 5 are arranged around the outside of the ultrasonic detector 21, the detection mechanism 5 includes a pressure sensor 42 installed on the top of the detection table 2, and a connecting spring 43 is installed on the top of the pressure sensor 42;

[0075] The connecting spring 43 is installed on the top of the connecting plate 51, and the connecting plate 51 is installed on the top of the connecting rod 52, the connecting rod 52 is installed on the top of the connecting block 53, and the connecting block 53 is installed on the top of the detection rod 54;

[0076] Two limiting rods 55 are slidably penetrated through the connecting plate 51, and the detection table 2 is used for supporting the two limiting rods 55.

[0077] Specific implementation process: when the detection table 2 advances, retreats, turns left or turns right with the engineering vehicle 1, the detection rod 54 of the corresponding direction contacts the tunnel top, when the tunnel interior appears uneven, the detection rod 54 drives the connecting plate 51 to move up and down relative to the pressure sensor 42 through the connecting rod 52, when one pressure sensor 42 of the detection direction detects that the pressure value increases or decreases, the fine adjustment part 7 operates, so that the fine adjustment plate 4 adjusts the position relative to the detection table 2, further enabling the ultrasonic detector 21 and the geological radar 22 to fully detect the tunnel top second lining crack.

[0078] Please refer to Figures 6-7 , example two

[0079] Based on the first embodiment: fine adjustment part 7 includes a connecting shell 73 installed on the detection table 2, the connecting shell 73 is arranged around the central groove of the detection table 2, one end of the connecting shell 73 is rotatably connected with two fine adjustment lead screws 74, the fine adjustment plate 4 is slidably connected at the connecting shell 73, and one end of the fine adjustment plate 4 is threadedly sleeved outside the two fine adjustment lead screws 74, one end of the fine adjustment lead screw 74 fixedly connected with the fine adjustment gear 75 at the top of the connecting shell 73, the two fine adjustment gears 75 are drivingly connected with the synchronous belt 76, the connecting shell 73 is provided with a micro motor 77 for driving one of the fine adjustment gears 75, so that when it is necessary to adjust the height of the fine adjustment plate 4 relative to the detection table 2, the micro motor 77 is operated to further make the two fine adjustment lead screws 74 synchronously rotate under the synchronous rotation of the fine adjustment gears 75, while the two fine adjustment lead screws 74 rotate, the driving force of the fine adjustment plate 4 is provided, and the fine adjustment plate 4 can be further moved up and down relative to the connecting shell 73.

[0080] It should be noted that the relational terms herein such as first and second and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0081] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that for the purpose of the present application, the embodiments change, modify, replace, and vary in many ways without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel roof cracking safety detection device, comprising an engineering vehicle (1) for supporting when detecting cracks, a lifting mechanism arranged on the engineering vehicle (1), and a supporting table (11) installed on the top of the lifting mechanism, characterized in that, Also include: Detection platform (2), the support platform (11) is supported by the angle adjusting mechanism (6) provided on the top of the detection platform (2); Ultrasonic detector (21) and geological radar (22), the ultrasonic detector (21) and geological radar (22) are arranged above the detection platform (2), which is used for comprehensive detection of the tunnel top two lining cracks; Knocking mechanism (3), the knocking mechanism (3) is installed on the detection platform (2), and is used for cooperating with the ultrasonic detector (21) to knock when detecting the tunnel top; Fine adjustment plate (4), the fine adjustment plate (4) is used for adjusting the height of the fine adjustment plate (4) relative to the detection platform (2) through the fine adjustment part (7) provided on the detection platform (2), and the fine adjustment plate (4) is used for supporting the knocking mechanism (3), the ultrasonic detector (21) and the geological radar (22); Detection mechanism (5), the detection mechanism (5) is used for pre-detecting the state of the tunnel top when the ultrasonic detector (21) and the geological radar (22) detect along the tunnel top; The knocking mechanism (3) comprises an adjusting rod (31) rotatably connected to the fine adjustment plate (4) through a bearing seat; The fine adjustment plate (4) is provided with a synchronous part (32) for driving the adjusting rod (31), and the synchronous part (32) is connected with a cleaning part (33), and the cleaning part (33) is used for cleaning the detection end of the ultrasonic detector (21); The adjusting rod (31) is provided with two continuous V-shaped adjusting grooves (311), two moving rods (34) are slidably connected to the adjusting grooves (311), and the moving rods (34) are rotatably connected to each other at the ends away from the adjusting grooves (311). The moving frame (35) is fixedly installed with a knocking rod (36) on the top, and the knocking rod (36) is fixedly installed with a knocking head (37) on the top. The knocking rod (36) is provided with two sliding grooves (361), and the knocking rod (36) is slidably sleeved with a sliding sleeve (38) on the outside, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (38) is fixedly installed with a limiting block for limiting the sliding groove (361), and the sliding sleeve (38) is connected with the cleaning part (33); The synchronous part (32) comprises a synchronous motor (321) mounted on the fine adjustment plate (4) through a support, the output end of the synchronous motor (321) is fixedly connected with a first adjusting gear (322), the outer side of the first adjusting gear (322) is meshingly connected with a second adjusting gear (323), and the second adjusting gear (323) is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the adjusting rod (31); The cleaning part (33) comprises a third adjusting gear (331) meshingly connected with the second adjusting gear (323), and the third adjusting gear (331) is fixedly connected with a support sleeve (332) with internal threads in the inner ring, the support sleeve (332) is rotatably connected to the fine adjustment plate (4) through a bearing seat; The support sleeve (332) is threadedly connected with a support rod (333) with external threads on the top, and the support rod (333) is provided with a rubber sealing plug (334) on the top. The rubber sealing plug (334) is connected with a sealing shell (335) at the top, the sealing shell (335) is fixedly installed on the fine adjustment plate (4) through the connecting frame arranged on the outer side, and the sealing shell (335) is used for supporting the sliding sleeve (38). One side and the top of the sealing shell (335) are respectively provided with air pipes (336), and one-way valves are arranged on the two air pipes (336). One end of the air pipe (336) at the top of the sealing shell (335) is communicated with a dispersion pipe (337), the dispersion pipe (337) is located outside the ultrasonic detector (21), and the detection end of the ultrasonic detector (21) is cleaned through a plurality of air outlets arranged on the dispersion pipe (337).

2. The tunnel roof cracking safety detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjusting mechanism (6) comprises an electric push rod (61) fixedly connected with the detection table (2) at the top, and a rotating plate (62) fixedly connected with the electric push rod (61) at the bottom. The outer side of the electric push rod (61) is provided with two guide rods (64), and the detection table (2) is provided with two guide plates (65), and the two guide plates (65) are provided with guide grooves for limiting the guide rods (64).

3. A tunnel roof fall safety detection apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: The rotating part (63) comprises a support seat (631) fixedly installed on the top of the support table (11), a rotating shaft (632) penetrating through the top of the support seat (631), and the rotating shaft (632) is rotatably connected with the support seat (631). The rotating plate (62) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft (632). One end of the rotating shaft (632) located outside the support seat (631) is provided with a worm gear (633), and the outer side of the support seat (631) is provided with a worm (634) for driving the worm gear (633), the support seat (631) is provided with a driving motor (635) for driving the worm (634), and the worm gear (633) is rotatably connected with the support seat (631) through the rotating shaft.

4. The tunnel roof fall safety detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The fine adjustment plate (4) is provided with two fixed rods (41) respectively, and the two fixed rods (41) are respectively used for supporting the ultrasonic detector (21) and the geological radar (22) through the protective shell arranged at the top.

5. The tunnel roof fall safety detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The detection mechanism (5) is provided with four, and the four detection mechanisms (5) are arranged outside the ultrasonic detector (21).

6. A tunnel roof spalling safety detection device according to claim 5, wherein: The detection mechanism (5) comprises a pressure sensor (42) installed on the top of the detection table (2), and the pressure sensor (42) is provided with a connecting spring (43) at the top. The connecting spring (43) is provided with a connecting plate (51) at the top, and the connecting plate (51) is provided with a connecting rod (52) at the top, the connecting rod (52) is provided with a connecting block (53) at the top, and the connecting block (53) is provided with a detection rod (54) at the top. Two limiting rods (55) are slidably penetrated through the connecting plate (51), and the detection table (2) is used for supporting the two limiting rods (55).

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