A deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device and monitoring method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof, and relates to the technical field of foundation pit construction. The deformation monitoring device of the present invention, by setting a pull rod and a retractable action plate in coordination, reflects the slope deformation as the displacement change of the pull rod and the action plate when in use, and uses a distance measurement module to measure the movement distance of the action plate to reflect the slope change. The operation is simple and the monitoring is sensitive. In addition, a smoke generating module can be provided in coordination with the smoke generating module. When a large deformation of the slope occurs, the smoke generating module can be started in time, and the smoke generated by the smoke generating module can be used to timely remind construction personnel to evacuate in a noisy and strong light environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit construction, and more specifically to a deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Foundation pit engineering is a systematic engineering that integrates geological engineering, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering and geotechnical testing technology. Its main contents include engineering survey, support structure design and construction, earth excavation and backfilling, groundwater control, information construction and surrounding environmental protection. The simplest and most economical way to construct a foundation pit is to excavate the slope, but it is often restricted by site conditions and surrounding environment, so it is necessary to design a support system to ensure the smooth progress of construction and better protect the surrounding environment. In the process of deep foundation pit excavation, it is necessary to set a deformation monitoring device on the slope to detect the deformation of the slope in real time and ensure construction safety. When the existing deformation monitoring device is in use, when the slope deformation is serious and collapse may occur at any time, the monitoring device generally performs sound and light alarms to remind the construction personnel in time. However, during the daytime construction, the construction site is noisy and the light is strong. Under the interference of these factors, it is difficult for the construction personnel to find the alarm in time, which may cause the evacuation to be delayed. How to monitor the slope deformation more conveniently and effectively in time, and how to effectively remind the alarm after the deformation occurs are all issues that deserve further study.

[0003] After searching, it is found that there are currently a variety of slope deformation monitoring methods disclosed. For example, the application case with application number 2018106027114 discloses an automatic monitoring and early warning device for slope deformation, including a top beam, an optical strain sensor, a pull rod, a weight, a conductive ring, a deformation monitoring box, a data monitor and an alarm. When the slope is deformed, the support frame changes its inclination angle as the slope deforms. At this time, the distance between the weight and the conductive ring changes. When the weight comes into contact with the conductive ring, wire one, wire two, the conductive core rod, the weight and the conductive ring form a closed loop. The alarm is powered on and sounds an alarm to warn the surrounding area of ​​the slope. When the top beam and the support frame change their inclination as the slope deforms, the angle between the top beam and the pull rod changes, thereby changing the tension of the spring on the pull rod. The optical strain sensor detects the pressure change and transmits the data to the data monitor, and then to the remote control center. This application case also uses an audible and visual alarm method, which is difficult to detect in time in practice. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings that the existing technology of slope deformation monitoring still needs to be enriched, and the conventional monitoring and alarm methods have the disadvantages that the construction site is noisy and the light is strong. Construction personnel are difficult to detect the alarm in time due to the interference of these factors, which may cause untimely evacuation. A deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device and monitoring method are proposed. The monitoring device of the present invention can monitor the slope deformation in a timely and accurate manner, and can further cooperate with the use of a smoke alarm method to facilitate construction personnel to detect the alarm in time and evacuate in time.

[0006] 2. Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0008] A deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device of the present invention includes a box body, a control module, a distance measuring module, a communication module, a battery and a host computer. A retractable action plate is installed in the box body through a first telescopic mechanism, and a pull rod is connected to one side of the action plate, and the outer end of the pull rod extends outward until it penetrates the inner wall of the box body; the distance measuring module is used to measure the moving distance of the action plate, and the distance measuring module is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module is electrically connected to the communication module and the battery; the distance measuring module monitors the displacement data of the action plate in real time, and transmits the data to the control module, and the control module transmits the displacement data to the host computer through the communication module. Specifically, the first telescopic mechanism adopts the following method: guide grooves are respectively provided on the inner walls on both sides of the length direction of the box body, and sliders matching the guide grooves are correspondingly provided at both ends of the action plate, and the side of the action plate opposite to the pull rod is connected to the inner wall of the box body through a first spring.

[0009] Furthermore, a deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device of the present invention also includes a smoke generating module, a battery is electrically connected to the smoke generating module through a power supply line, an on-off control module is provided on the power supply line, and the on-off control module is used to control the on-off of the power supply line.

[0010] Furthermore, the on-off control module includes a first conductive plate arranged on the pull rod inside the box body, and first conductive columns are respectively provided at both ends of the first conductive plate. A second conductive plate is also provided in the box body, and second conductive columns are respectively provided at both ends of the second conductive plate. The first conductive column and the second conductive column are correspondingly distributed along the movement path of the action plate, and the second conductive plate is connected to the power supply line, and the on-off of the power supply line is controlled by whether the first conductive column and the second conductive column are connected or not.

[0011] Furthermore, the smoke generating module includes a smoke tube, a motor is coaxially fixed at the lower part of the smoke tube, and the motor is electrically connected to the battery; a drive shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, and an exhaust fan is coaxially installed after the top end of the drive shaft extends upward to the upper part of the smoke tube; a smoke generating module is arranged in the smoke tube, and the drive shaft is used to control the smoke generating module to generate smoke.

[0012] Furthermore, the smoke-generating module includes a storage mechanism, a smoke-generating agent, and an ignition mechanism. The storage mechanism is penetrated by a through hole coaxially arranged with the drive shaft. The storage mechanism is sleeved on the drive shaft through the through hole. The storage mechanism is coaxially installed inside the smoke-generating tube. A storage cavity is provided in the storage mechanism. The storage cavity stores smoke-generating agent. A plurality of smoke outlets connected to the interior of the storage cavity are provided at the upper end of the storage mechanism. The ignition mechanism is used to ignite the smoke-generating agent, and utilizes the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the drive shaft as an ignition power.

[0013] Furthermore, the ignition mechanism includes a friction part, a combustion agent and a fuse. The friction part is telescopically mounted on the drive shaft below the storage mechanism through a second telescopic mechanism. A storage cylinder corresponding to the friction part is provided on the inner wall of the smoke tube. The storage tube is filled with combustion agent at one end facing the friction part. An ignition cord is penetrated through the inner wall of the storage mechanism above the storage cylinder. The top end of the ignition cord extends upward into the smoke agent in the internal cavity of the storage mechanism, and the bottom end of the ignition cord extends downward to directly above the storage tube.

[0014] Furthermore, the second telescopic mechanism includes a guide cylinder connected to the drive shaft, an insertion rod is coaxially inserted in the guide cylinder, a fixed seat is fixed to the end of the insertion rod away from the drive shaft, a second spring is sleeved on the insertion rod between the fixed seat and the guide cylinder, the two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed seat and the guide cylinder, and the friction part is arranged on the fixed seat.

[0015] The invention discloses a method for monitoring deformation of a slope in a deep foundation pit excavation. The box body is placed on a flat area at the top of the slope, one end of a steel cable is fixed to the outer end of a pull rod, the other end of the steel cable is placed at the lower part of the slope, and a plurality of monitoring rods are sequentially inserted into the soil layer along the direction of the slope. The monitoring rods outside the soil layer are all connected to the steel cable. When the slope is deformed, the soil layer drives the monitoring rod to move, the monitoring rod pulls the steel cable, the steel cable pulls the pull rod and the action plate to move, the distance measuring module monitors the displacement data of the action plate in real time, and transmits the data to the control module, and the control module transmits the displacement data to the upper computer through the communication module to realize deformation monitoring.

[0016] Furthermore, when the slope deformation degree is large, it also includes a smoke alarm process. The action of the action plate will drive the first conductive column to connect with the second conductive column. At this time, the power supply line between the battery and the smoke generating module is connected, and the motor in the smoke generating module drives the drive shaft to rotate. The drive shaft drives the friction part to make a circular motion. The friction part rubs with the combustion agent and ignites the combustion agent. The flame generated by the combustion agent ignites the fuse, and the fuse ignites the smoke agent in the smoke generating module, causing the smoke agent to generate smoke. The drive shaft also drives the exhaust fan thereon to rotate, thereby blowing the smoke from the smoke generating tube to the high-rise outside, reminding the construction personnel on site to evacuate.

[0017] 3. Beneficial effects

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The present invention is a deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device, which is equipped with a pull rod and a retractable action plate. When in use, the slope deformation is reflected as the displacement change of the pull rod and the action plate. The distance measurement module is used to measure the movement distance of the action plate to reflect the slope change. The device is easy to operate and has sensitive monitoring, providing a new direction for slope deformation monitoring.

[0020] (2) The deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device of the present invention is also equipped with a smoke generating module. When a large deformation of the slope occurs, the smoke generating module can be activated in time to use the smoke generated by the module to promptly remind construction workers to evacuate in a noisy or bright environment.

[0021] (3) The present invention provides a deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device, which utilizes the friction between the friction part and the combustion agent to ignite and generate smoke, and is equipped with a telescopic mechanism to utilize the rotating centrifugal force as the friction power. By providing the telescopic mechanism, accidental friction between the friction part and the combustion agent caused by the shaking of the device can be effectively avoided, thereby preventing the generation of false alarms and smoke. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a box of a deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a smoke pipe of a deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the local structure at A;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of a deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device proposed by the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. box body; 2. action plate; 3. first spring; 4. pull rod; 5. first conductive plate; 6. first conductive column; 7. pull ring; 8. second conductive plate; 9. second conductive column; 10. smoke tube; 11. drive shaft; 12. motor; 13. first partition plate; 14. second partition plate; 15. center tube; 16. third partition plate; 17. exhaust fan; 18. guide tube; 19. plug rod; 20. fixed seat; 21. second spring; 22. friction member; 23. storage tube; 24. combustion agent; 25. fuse; 26. steel cable; 27. monitoring rod; 28. slope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, a deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device of this embodiment includes a box body 1, a control module, a distance measurement module, a communication module, a battery and a host computer. A retractable action plate 2 is installed in the box body 1 through a first telescopic mechanism. A pull rod 4 is connected to one side of the action plate 2. The outer end of the pull rod 4 extends outward until it passes through the inner wall of the box body 1; specifically, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the first telescopic mechanism adopts the following method: guide grooves are respectively opened on the inner walls on both sides of the length direction of the box body 1, and sliders matching the guide grooves are correspondingly provided at both ends of the action plate 2, and the side of the action plate 2 facing away from the pull rod 4 is connected to the inner wall of the box body 1 through a plurality of first springs 3.

[0033] The distance measuring module is used to measure the moving distance of the action board 2. The distance measuring module is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module is electrically connected to the communication module and the battery. The distance measuring module monitors the displacement data of the action board 2 in real time and transmits the data to the control module. The control module transmits the displacement data to the host computer through the communication module. Specifically, the distance measuring module can use a laser displacement sensor, such as the specific model BL010-30N. The control module can use an 80C51 single-chip microcomputer, and the communication module can use a model HW3000TR4.

[0034] The monitoring device of this embodiment is used as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the box body 1 is fixed on a flat open area at the top of the slope 28, and then one end of a steel cable 26 is fixed to the outer end of the pull rod 4. Specifically, a pull ring 7 can be provided on the outer end of the pull rod 4, one end of the steel cable 26 is fixed on the pull ring 7, and the other end of the steel cable is placed at the lower part of the slope 28. Then, a plurality of monitoring rods 27 are inserted into the soil layer in sequence along the direction of the slope 28, and the monitoring rods 27 outside the soil layer are fixedly connected to the steel cable 26. In this way, when the slope 28 is deformed, the soil layer will drive the monitoring rod 27 to move, the monitoring rod 27 pulls the steel cable 26, the steel cable 26 pulls the pull rod 4, and the pull rod 4 pulls the action plate 2 to move, and the ranging module monitors the displacement data of the action plate 2 in real time and transmits the data to the control module, and the control module transmits the displacement data to the host computer through the communication module, thereby realizing deformation monitoring.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] The present embodiment is a deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device, which is basically the same as the embodiment 1, and further includes a smoke generating module, the battery is electrically connected to the smoke generating module through a power supply line, and an on-off control module is provided on the power supply line, and the on-off control module is used to control the on-off of the power supply line. Specifically, the battery is electrically connected to the smoke generating module through two power supply lines, and the on-off control module is provided on any one of the power supply lines.

[0037] like Figure 2As shown, the on-off control module includes a first conductive plate 5 arranged on the pull rod 4 inside the box body 1, and a first conductive column 6 is respectively arranged at both ends of the first conductive plate 5. A second conductive plate 8 is also arranged in the box body 1, and a second conductive column 9 is respectively arranged at both ends of the second conductive plate 8. The first conductive column 6 and the second conductive column 9 are correspondingly distributed along the movement path of the action plate 2, and the second conductive plate 8 is connected to the power supply line, and the on-off of the power supply line is controlled by the docking of the first conductive column 6 and the second conductive column 9. Specifically, a first conductive plate 5 is arranged through the pull rod 4, and a first conductive column 6 arranged parallel to the pull rod 4 is fixedly installed on the first conductive plate 5 on both sides of the pull rod 4. A second conductive plate 8 is respectively arranged through the inner wall of the box body 1 on both sides of the movement path of the action plate 2, and a second conductive column 9 is fixed on each second conductive plate 8. The second conductive columns 9 are arranged parallel to the pull rod 4, and the two second conductive columns 9 are arranged one by one with the two first conductive columns 6, and the two second conductive plates 8 are connected to the power supply line. The conductive plate and the conductive column are made of conductive metal, preferably copper. A threading hole is provided on the second conductive plate 8 outside the box body 1 for convenient connection of wires. If one end of the power supply line is connected to the battery and the other end is connected to the smoke generating module, the power supply line only needs to be disconnected, and then the disconnected ends are connected to the two second conductive plates 8 respectively.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the smoke generating module includes a smoke tube 10, the bottom of the smoke tube 10 is fixed on the box body 1, and a motor 12 is coaxially fixed in the lower part of the smoke tube 10. The motor 12 is electrically connected to the battery. The motor 12 can specifically adopt a DC motor, which has a high speed, uses DC power, and can be powered by a battery; a drive shaft 11 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 12, and the top end of the drive shaft 11 extends upward to the upper part of the smoke tube 10 and is coaxially installed with an exhaust fan 17; a smoke generating module is arranged in the smoke tube 10 between the exhaust fan 17 and the motor 12, and the drive shaft 11 is used to control the smoke generating module to generate smoke.

[0039] The smoke-generating module includes a storage mechanism, a smoke-generating agent, and an ignition mechanism. The storage mechanism is penetrated by a through hole coaxially arranged with the drive shaft 11. The storage mechanism is sleeved on the drive shaft 11 through the through hole. The storage mechanism is coaxially installed inside the smoke tube 10. A storage cavity is provided in the storage mechanism, and smoke-generating agent is stored in the storage cavity. A plurality of smoke outlets connected to the interior of the storage cavity are provided on the upper end cover of the storage mechanism near the exhaust fan 17. The ignition mechanism is used to ignite the smoke-generating agent, and utilizes the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the drive shaft 11 as an ignition power. Specifically, the storage mechanism includes a second partition plate 14, a third partition plate 16 and a central tube 15. The second partition plate 14 and the third partition plate 16 are both sleeved on the drive shaft 11, and the third partition plate 16 is located above the second partition plate 14. Both are fixedly connected to the smoke tube 10. The third partition plates 16 are also fixedly connected to each other through the central tube 15. The central tube 15, the second partition plate 14, the third partition plate 16 and the inner wall of the smoke tube 10 together form a storage chamber. The smoke agent is stored in the storage chamber, and the smoke outlet is provided on the third partition plate 16. A first partition plate 13 is coaxially sleeved on the drive shaft 11 below the storage mechanism. The first partition plate 13 is fixedly connected to the smoke tube 10, and the first partition plate 13 isolates the ignition mechanism from the motor 12. The smoke agent is a single-component or multi-component pyrotechnic agent. It can be solid such as red phosphorus smoke agent, HCI smoke agent, etc., or liquid such as TiCl4 smoke agent, chlorosulfonic acid smoke agent, etc., and can be inorganic or organic. Specifically, in this embodiment, a solid smoke agent is used, which can quickly generate a large amount of smoke after ignition and can exist for a long time.

[0040] like Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the ignition mechanism includes a friction member 22, a combustion agent 24 and a fuse 25. The friction member 22 is telescopically mounted on the shaft body of the drive shaft 11 below the storage mechanism through a second telescopic mechanism. A storage cylinder 23 corresponding to the friction member 22 is provided on the inner wall of the smoke tube 10. The end of the storage cylinder 23 facing the friction member 22 is filled with a combustion agent 24. A fuse is penetrated through the inner wall of the storage mechanism above the storage cylinder 23. The top of the fuse extends upward into the smoke agent in the internal cavity of the storage mechanism, and the bottom of the fuse extends downward to just above the storage cylinder 23. The second telescopic mechanism includes a guide cylinder 18 connected to the drive shaft 11. A plug rod 19 is coaxially inserted in the guide cylinder 18 in a sliding fit. A fixed seat 20 is fixed to the end of the plug rod 19 away from the drive shaft 11. A second spring 21 is sleeved on the plug rod 19 between the fixed seat 20 and the guide cylinder 18. The two ends of the second spring 21 are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed seat 20 and the guide cylinder 18. The friction member 22 is arranged on the fixed seat 20. The friction member 22 is composed of red phosphorus, antimony trisulfide, and a binder, and the combustion agent 24 is composed of an oxidant such as KClO3, a flammable substance such as sulfur, and a binder. When the friction member 22 and the combustion agent 24 rub against each other and generate heat, the heat released decomposes the KClO3, produces a small amount of oxygen, and ignites the red phosphorus, thereby causing the flammable substances such as sulfur in the combustion agent 24 to burn. The principle is similar to that of a match.

[0041] The second telescopic mechanism is provided in this embodiment to effectively avoid accidental friction between the friction member 22 and the fuel 24 caused by the shaking of the device. In the initial state, a large gap is left between the friction member 22 and the fuel 24, so that even if the friction member 22 rotates slightly, it will not rub against the fuel 24. Only when the drive shaft 11 rotates at a relatively high speed, the friction member 22 provided on the second telescopic mechanism will move toward the outside under the action of centrifugal force, thereby reducing the gap between it and the fuel 24, and the two can rub against each other.

[0042] Correspondingly, when the monitoring device of this embodiment is used, when the slope 28 is deformed to a large extent and may collapse, the action plate 2 will move to drive the two first conductive columns 6 on the first conductive plate 5 thereon to connect with the two second conductive columns 9 on the second conductive plate 8. At this time, the power supply line between the battery and the smoke generating module is connected, and the motor 12 in the smoke generating module drives the drive shaft 11 to rotate, and the drive shaft 11 drives the friction member 22 in the ignition mechanism to make a circular motion. During the circular motion, the friction member 22 rubs against the combustion agent 24 in the ignition mechanism and ignites the combustion agent 24. The flame generated by the combustion agent 24 ignites the fuse 25, and the fuse 25 ignites the smoke generating agent in the smoke generating module, causing the smoke generating agent to generate smoke. The drive shaft 11 also drives the exhaust fan 17 thereon to rotate, thereby blowing the smoke from the smoke generating tube 10 to the upper floors outside, thereby promptly reminding the construction personnel on site to evacuate.

[0043] The above is a schematic description of the present invention and its implementation mode, which is not restrictive and is only one of the implementation modes of the present invention, and is not actually limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by it and, without departing from the purpose of the invention, designs a structure and an implementation mode similar to the technical solution without creativity, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a box body (1), a control module, a distance measuring module, a communication module, a storage battery and a host computer. A retractable action plate (2) is installed in the box body (1). A pull rod (4) is connected to one side of the action plate (2). The outer end of the pull rod (4) extends outward until it penetrates the inner wall of the box body (1). The distance measuring module is used to measure the moving distance of the action plate (2). The distance measuring module is electrically connected to the control module. The control module is electrically connected to the communication module and the storage battery. The distance measuring module monitors the displacement data of the action plate (2) in real time and transmits the data to the control module. The control module transmits the displacement data to the host computer through the communication module. It also includes a smoke generating module, the storage battery is electrically connected to the smoke generating module through a power supply line, and an on-off control module is provided on the power supply line, and the on-off control module is used to control the on-off of the power supply line; The smoke generating module comprises a smoke generating tube (10), a motor (12) being coaxially fixed in the lower part of the smoke generating tube (10), and the motor (12) being electrically connected to a storage battery; a drive shaft (11) being coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (12), and an exhaust fan (17) being coaxially installed after the top end of the drive shaft (11) extends upward to the upper part of the smoke generating tube (10); a smoke generating module is arranged in the smoke generating tube (10), and the drive shaft (11) is used to control the smoke generating module to generate smoke; The smoke generating module comprises a storage mechanism, a smoke generating agent, and an ignition mechanism. The storage mechanism is provided with a through hole coaxially arranged with a drive shaft (11). The storage mechanism is sleeved on the drive shaft (11) through the through hole. The storage mechanism is coaxially installed inside the smoke generating tube (10). A storage cavity is provided inside the storage mechanism. The storage cavity stores smoke generating agent. A plurality of smoke outlets communicating with the interior of the storage cavity are provided at the upper end of the storage mechanism. The ignition mechanism is used to ignite the smoke generating agent, and utilizes the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the drive shaft (11) as ignition power.

2. A deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide grooves are respectively provided on the inner walls of both sides of the box body (1) in the length direction, and sliding blocks matching the guide grooves are correspondingly provided at both ends of the action plate (2), and the side of the action plate (2) opposite to the pull rod (4) is connected to the inner wall of the box body (1) via a first spring (3).

3. The deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The on-off control module comprises a first conductive plate (5) arranged on a pull rod (4) inside a box body (1), first conductive columns (6) being respectively arranged at both ends of the first conductive plate (5), a second conductive plate (8) being further arranged inside the box body (1), second conductive columns (9) being respectively arranged at both ends of the second conductive plate (8), the first conductive column (6) and the second conductive column (9) being correspondingly distributed along the movement path of the action plate (2), and the second conductive plate (8) being connected to a power supply line, and the on-off of the power supply line is controlled by whether the first conductive column (6) and the second conductive column (9) are connected or not.

4. The deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ignition mechanism comprises a friction member (22), a combustion agent (24) and a fuse (25); the friction member (22) is telescopically mounted on the shaft body of the driving shaft (11) below the storage mechanism via a second telescopic mechanism; a storage cylinder (23) corresponding to the friction member (22) is provided on the inner wall of the smoke generating cylinder (10); the storage cylinder (23) is filled with a combustion agent (24) at one end facing the friction member (22); a fuse is penetrated through the inner wall of the storage mechanism above the storage cylinder (23); the top end of the fuse extends upward into the smoke generating agent in the internal cavity of the storage mechanism; and the bottom end of the fuse extends downward to directly above the storage cylinder (23).

5. The deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized by: The second telescopic mechanism comprises a guide cylinder (18) connected to the drive shaft (11), an insertion rod (19) is coaxially inserted in the guide cylinder (18), a fixed seat (20) is fixed to one end of the insertion rod (19) away from the drive shaft (11), a second spring (21) is sleeved on the insertion rod (19) between the fixed seat (20) and the guide cylinder (18), two ends of the second spring (21) are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed seat (20) and the guide cylinder (18), and a friction member (22) is arranged on the fixed seat (20).

6. A method for monitoring deformation of a deep foundation pit excavation slope, using the deep foundation pit excavation slope deformation monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The box body (1) is placed on a flat area at the top of the slope, one end of the steel cable (26) is fixed to the outer end of the pull rod (4), the other end of the steel cable (26) is placed at the lower part of the slope, and a plurality of monitoring rods (27) are sequentially inserted into the soil layer along the direction of the slope, and the monitoring rods (27) outside the soil layer are all connected to the steel cable (26). When the slope deforms, the soil layer drives the monitoring rod (27) to move, the monitoring rod (27) pulls the steel cable (26), and the steel cable (26) pulls the pull rod (4) and the action plate (2) to move. The distance measurement module monitors the displacement data of the action plate (2) in real time and transmits the data to the control module. The control module transmits the displacement data to the upper computer through the communication module to realize deformation monitoring.

7. A method for monitoring deformation of a deep foundation pit excavation slope according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the slope deformation degree is large, a smoke alarm process is also included. The action plate (2) moves to drive the first conductive column (6) to connect with the second conductive column (9). At this time, the power supply line between the battery and the smoke generating module is connected. The motor (12) in the smoke generating module drives the drive shaft (11) to rotate. The drive shaft (11) drives the friction member (22) to make a circular motion. The friction member (22) rubs with the combustion agent (24) and ignites the combustion agent (24). The flame generated by the combustion agent (24) ignites the fuse (25). The fuse (25) ignites the smoke generating agent in the smoke generating module, causing the smoke generating agent to generate smoke. The drive shaft (11) also drives the exhaust fan (17) thereon to rotate, thereby blowing the smoke from the smoke generating tube (10) to the upper floors outside, reminding the construction personnel on site to evacuate.

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