A special-shaped brick and a coke oven, system and method containing the special-shaped brick

Abstract

The present application discloses a special-shaped brick, a coke oven, a system and a method containing the special-shaped brick. The special-shaped brick includes a main body, a filling part and a groove. The main body includes a first side wall, a second side wall and a third side wall arranged in sequence. The first side wall, the second side wall and the third side wall form a U shape. Step parts are provided at one ends of the first side wall and the third side wall far away from the second side wall; the filling part is integrally arranged in the main body. The filling part has a blanking inclined surface. There is a spacing between one end of the blanking inclined surface adjacent to the step part and one end of the step part far away from the second side wall. The area between the blanking inclined surface, the first side wall and the third side wall forms a blanking groove; the groove is arranged between the second side wall and the blanking inclined surface and penetrates through the first side wall, the filling part and the third side wall. In the use process of the special-shaped brick according to the embodiment of the present application, the blanking inclined surface facilitates the sliding of materials, the step part facilitates the connection of two relatively arranged special-shaped bricks and forms a zigzag blanking channel, and the groove can be used for gas circulation and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of material preparation, and particularly relates to a special-shaped brick, a coke oven containing the special-shaped brick, a system and a method. Background Art

[0002] Coal is both a fuel and a low-cost and easily available raw material for preparing carbon materials. Currently, the activated coke used for desulfurization and denitrification is prepared from coal. The existing carbonization and activation equipment for preparing activated coke are horizontal rotary kilns and vertical Slep furnaces, and the integrated production equipment is a multi-hearth furnace, among which:

[0003] The horizontal rotary kiln realizes material turnover by rotating the furnace body at a certain angle, so as to realize material carbonization and contact activation with the activator. However, both the carbonization process and the activation process require separate rotary kilns, and the output of a single rotary kiln is also small. Therefore, there are problems such as large floor area, high investment cost, and small output in coke production by horizontal rotary kilns.

[0004] The vertical Slep furnace can only activate the carbonized material. This is because during the heating process of the carbonized raw material, there are less tar, volatile components, and fine crushed powder, and it is not easy to have problems such as coking and scaling on the furnace wall, blockage of the evolved gas passage, and agglomeration of materials. Therefore, the vertical Slep furnace is only an activation furnace and cannot be used as a carbonization and activation furnace for one-step coke production from raw coal. It is suitable for fixed particles and specific operating parameters, and the adaptability of the raw material is poor; the generation of activation steam is achieved by switching the regenerator bricks in the left and right combustion chambers, the process is complex, the equipment volume is large, and during the activation process, the steam passes over the surface of the material layer, and the contact between the steam and the material is insufficient, resulting in extremely large consumption of activation steam.

[0005] The multi-hearth furnace is divided into multiple layers, and the material is moved layer by layer by a rake device to complete the carbonization and activation process. The material filling rate of the equipment is low, resulting in a large equipment volume and high investment cost. In addition, during the activation process, the steam also passes over the surface of the material, the contact between the steam and the material is insufficient, the steam consumption is large, and the quality of the activated coke is not high. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, an object of this application is to provide a special-shaped brick, which has a groove, a step portion, and a blanking inclined surface with a spacing from the step portion. During use, the blanking inclined surface facilitates the sliding of materials, the step portion facilitates the connection of two relatively arranged special-shaped bricks and forms a "zigzag" blanking channel; the groove can be used for gas circulation, etc.

[0007] Another object of this application is to provide a coke oven.

[0008] Another object of this application is to provide an operation method for a coke oven.

[0009] Another object of this application is to provide a coke oven system.

[0010] Another object of the present application is to provide an operating method for a coke oven system.

[0011] To achieve the above object, an irregular-shaped brick is provided in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, including:

[0012] A main body, the main body includes a first side wall, a second side wall and a third side wall arranged in sequence, the first side wall, the second side wall and the third side wall form a U shape, and step portions are provided at one ends of the first side wall and the third side wall away from the second side wall;

[0013] A filling portion, the filling portion is integrally arranged in the main body, the filling portion has a blanking inclined surface, one end of the blanking inclined surface is adjacent to the third side wall, and the other end is adjacent to the step portion; there is a spacing between one end of the blanking inclined surface adjacent to the step portion and the end of the step portion away from the second side wall, and the area between the blanking inclined surface, the first side wall and the third side wall forms a blanking groove;

[0014] A groove, the groove is arranged between the second side wall and the blanking inclined surface, and the groove penetrates through the first side wall, the filling portion and the third side wall.

[0015] In addition, the irregular-shaped brick according to the above embodiments of the present application may further have the following additional technical features:

[0016] In an embodiment of the present application, the included angle between the blanking inclined surface and the plane where the groove is located is an obtuse angle.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present application, the included angle between the blanking inclined surface and the plane where the groove is located is between 110-135°.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present application, the surfaces of the filling portion where the groove is provided, the surfaces of the first side wall where the groove is provided, and the surfaces of the third side wall where the groove is provided are flush, and the end surface of one end of the blanking inclined surface adjacent to the step portion is flush with the surface of the first side wall where the groove is provided, or there is a spacing between the two.

[0019] In an embodiment of the present application, the main body and the filling portion are integrally formed.

[0020] In an embodiment of the present application, the materials of the main body and the filling portion are both heat-resistant materials.

[0021] To achieve the above object, a coke oven is provided in the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, including the irregular-shaped brick of the embodiments of the present application.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present application, the coking furnace further includes a furnace body, an activation section is provided in the furnace body, the activation section includes at least two first channels, a first flue arranged outside the first channels, and an activation gas inlet; the side walls of the first channels include the special-shaped bricks.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present application, the first channel includes a plurality of penetration activation layers arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The fourth side wall and the fifth side wall of the first channel corresponding to the penetration activation layer both include the special-shaped bricks, and the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall are arranged opposite to each other; one side of the penetration activation layer communicates with the inlet air chamber, and the other side communicates with the outlet air chamber; for two adjacent penetration activation layers, the outlet air chamber of the penetration activation layer located below communicates with the inlet air chamber of the penetration activation layer located above; an activation section oxygen supplement combustion port is provided in the outlet air chamber; all the inlet air chambers and outlet air chambers are arranged in the first flue, the inlet air chamber communicates with the activation gas inlet, and the outlet air chamber communicates with the first flue.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present application, the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall corresponding to the penetration activation layer both include a sealing section and a ventilation section arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the sealing section is composed of at least one layer of closed special-shaped bricks arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the ventilation section is composed of at least three layers of penetrating special-shaped bricks arranged in sequence from top to bottom, both the closed special-shaped bricks and the penetrating special-shaped bricks adopt the special-shaped bricks of the embodiment of the present application, and the grooves of the closed special-shaped bricks are closed; the blanking slopes of the closed special-shaped bricks and the penetrating special-shaped bricks are all arranged towards the center of the first channel; for the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall, the grooves of all the penetrating special-shaped bricks corresponding to one of the ventilation sections communicate with the inlet air chamber, and the grooves of all the penetrating special-shaped bricks corresponding to the other ventilation section communicate with the outlet air chamber.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present application, in each penetration activation layer, among the two adjacent penetrating special-shaped bricks located in the same column on the fourth side wall or the fifth side wall, the groove adjacent to the sealing section side communicates with the blanking groove on the side far from the sealing section.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present application, in each penetration activation layer, the two penetrating special-shaped bricks or closed special-shaped bricks corresponding to the same position on the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall are arranged up and down in a staggered manner and are hermetically fixedly connected through the step portion.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present application, two adjacent first channels are closely attached through the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall; the grooves of all the penetrating special-shaped bricks located at the same height on the fourth side wall or the fifth side wall communicate, and both ends of them communicate with the inlet air chamber or the outlet air chamber.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present application, a carbonization section is further provided in the furnace body, and the carbonization section is provided above the activation section; the carbonization section includes a plurality of second material channels and a carbonization section flue gas outlet, each of the second material channels communicates with one of the first material channel passages, and their positions are directly opposite; the parts between adjacent two second material channels and between the plurality of second material channels and the inner wall of the furnace body form a second flue, and the second flue communicates with the carbonization section flue gas outlet; the second flue, the plurality of second material channels and the first flue are communicated; a carbonization section oxygen supply combustion port is provided in the second flue.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present application, the second material channel has a sixth side wall and a seventh side wall arranged oppositely, and both the sixth side wall and the seventh side wall are made of heat-resistant bricks with through holes.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present application, the activation gas inlet is located at the bottom of the activation section; the carbonization section flue gas outlet is located at the bottom of the carbonization section.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present application, a cooling section is further provided in the furnace body, and the cooling section is communicated with the activation section; the cooling section is provided with cooling pipes.

[0032] To achieve the above object, a third aspect embodiment of the present application proposes an operation method of a coke oven, including

[0033] The activation gas containing water vapor enters the inlet gas chamber of the lower penetration activation layer among two adjacent penetration activation layers;

[0034] The activation gas entering the inlet gas chamber of the lower penetration activation layer is evenly distributed into the grooves of the multi-layer penetration special-shaped bricks on one side of the penetration activation layer;

[0035] The activation gas simultaneously penetrates the material layer in the first material channel in each layer of penetration special-shaped bricks for activation and generates water gas;

[0036] The water gas is discharged from the grooves of the multi-layer penetration special-shaped bricks on the other side of the penetration activation layer, and then enters the outlet gas chamber of the penetration activation layer for oxygen supply combustion, while supplementing the heat of the activation section and maintaining the temperature of the activation gas;

[0037] The mixed gas after oxygen supply combustion vertically enters the inlet gas chamber of the next penetration activation layer to perform penetration activation on the next penetration activation layer.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present application, in the first material channel, the material moves downward along a zigzag path.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present application, the pressure range of the activation gas for the penetration activation is between 0.05 - 0.5 MPa.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present application, the operation method of the coke oven further includes: raw coal particles enter the carbonization section for carbonization reaction; the pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonization reaction enters the second flue for supplementary oxygen combustion to maintain the temperature of the carbonization section.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present application, the operation method of the coke oven further includes: the flue gas in the activation section and the flue gas in the carbonization section converge and are discharged from the flue gas outlet of the carbonization section.

[0042] To achieve the above object, a coke oven system according to an embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present application includes

[0043] A coke oven, which is the coke oven of the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] A secondary combustion furnace, the inlet of which is connected to the flue gas outlet of the carbonization section;

[0045] A heat exchange chamber, the flue gas inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the secondary combustion furnace. The heat exchange chamber is provided with a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and an air preheater. The inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchanger. The inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to a feed water pump, and the inlet of the air preheater is connected to a blower. The outlet of the air preheater is connected to the oxygen-supplemented combustion ports of the activation section and the carbonization section;

[0046] A steam superheater, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchanger, and the outlet of which is connected to the activation gas inlet.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present application, the coke oven system further includes an induced draft fan, the inlet of which is connected to the flue gas outlet of the heat exchange chamber, and the outlet of which is connected to a chimney.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present application, the coke oven system further includes a cooling water circulation pump, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the cooling pipe.

[0049] To achieve the above object, an operation method of a coke oven system according to an embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present application includes that the flue gas from the flue gas outlet of the carbonization section of the coke oven is subjected to secondary combustion to remove tar and then enters the heat exchange chamber;

[0050] The flue gas entering the heat exchange chamber heats the water from the feed water pump and the air from the air preheater respectively to generate steam and hot air;

[0051] The steam is superheated by the steam superheater and enters the activation section of the coke oven as activation gas;

[0052] A part of the hot air enters the oxygen-supplemented combustion port of the activation section, and another part enters the oxygen-supplemented combustion port of the carbonization section.

[0053] The beneficial effects of the special-shaped brick in the embodiment of the present application are as follows:

[0054] (1) It has a groove, a step portion, and a blanking inclined surface with a spacing from the step portion. During use, the blanking inclined surface facilitates the sliding of materials, the step portion facilitates the connection of two relatively arranged special-shaped bricks, and forms a zigzag blanking channel; the groove can be used for gas circulation, etc.

[0055] (2) The main body and the filler are integrally formed, which is convenient for processing and can improve the overall strength.

[0056] (3) It is made of heat-resistant material and can be used as a heat-resistant brick for coke ovens, etc.

[0057] The beneficial effects of the coke oven in the embodiment of the present application are as follows:

[0058] (1) It penetrates and activates the materials, has a short activation time, and good properties of activated coke.

[0059] The materials fall vertically, the high-temperature activation gas continuously turns back and penetrates the material layer, fully contacts with the materials, and the activation gas and the materials flow in a cross-flow manner. Therefore, the activation time of the activated coke is shortened, and at the same time, the properties of the activated coke are good.

[0060] (2) The consumption of activation gas is small, the energy consumption is low, and the coke-making cost is low.

[0061] The activation gas and the activated materials are activated in a penetrating manner, the activation reaction is more sufficient, the utilization rate of the activation gas is high, the amount of activation steam required by the system is small, only 10-20% of the activation gas consumption of the traditional Slep furnace, the coke-making energy consumption is low, and the coke-making cost is low.

[0062] (3) The coke oven has good adaptability to raw materials

[0063] For different coke-making raw materials, different particle size sizes, columnar or amorphous raw material specifications, the present application can adjust the temperature of the carbonization section and the activation section in the furnace by adjusting the supplementary air volume, can achieve different penetrating activation effects by adjusting the pressure and temperature of the activation gas, can control the carbonization and activation time by adjusting the blanking speed, and good activation effects can be obtained for all penetrating activations. Finally, activated coke with developed pores can be prepared, and the coke oven has good adaptability to raw materials.

[0064] (4) Using a mixed activation gas component, the temperature of the activation gas is constant, and the activated coke has developed pores

[0065] Since the activation process is an endothermic reaction, each time the activation gas penetrates the material layer, air combustion is supplemented to maintain the temperature of the high-temperature activation gas constant. At the same time, carbon dioxide is produced after the activation water gas burns, and the mixed activation gas components composed of water vapor and carbon dioxide activate the material layer. The activated coke prepared by the mixed gas activation has developed micropores and medium and large pores, and the performance of the activated coke is good.

[0066] (5) The carbonization and activation integrated furnace has a small floor area and a large output.

[0067] The furnace body is provided with a connected carbonization section and an activation section from top to bottom. The raw coal particles can obtain activated coke with developed pores by relying on their own weight through carbonization and activation in one step. The two process steps of carbonization and activation are completed in the furnace body at the same time. The furnace structure of the integrated furnace is compact, significantly reducing the floor area of the system, having high coking efficiency, large output, and low equipment investment cost.

[0068] The additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, partially become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present application. Description of the Drawings

[0069] The above-mentioned and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become obvious and easy to understand from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the drawings, where:

[0070] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of a special-shaped brick according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0071] Figure 2 is a partial three-dimensional view of a special-shaped brick according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0072] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a special-shaped brick along the direction between the second side wall and the blanking inclined plane according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0073] Figure 4 is a simple structural schematic diagram of a coking furnace according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0074] Figure 5 is a partial three-dimensional view of a coking furnace according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0075] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the front view of.

[0076] Figure 7 is Figure 5 the right view of.

[0077] Figure 8 is Figure 5 the top view of.

[0078] Figure 9It is a simple structural schematic diagram of the horizontal cross-section of the activation section of a coke oven according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0079] Figure 10 It is a side view of three activation layers penetrating the activation section of a coke oven continuously distributed from bottom to top according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0080] Figure 11 It is a side view of the inlet gas chamber and the outlet gas chamber of the activation section of a coke oven according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0081] Figure 12 It is a simple structural schematic diagram of a coke oven system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0082] Reference numerals:

[0083] 1 - Coke oven; 2 - Secondary combustion furnace; 3 - Heat exchange chamber; 4 - First heat exchanger; 5 - Second heat exchanger; 6 - Air preheater; 7 - Feed water pump; 8 - Blower; 9 - Steam superheater; 10 - Induced draft fan; 11 - Chimney; 12 - Cooling water circulation pump; 100 - Special-shaped brick; 101 - Body; 102 - First side wall; 103 - Second side wall; 104 - Third side wall; 105 - Step portion; 1051 - First end face; 1052 - Second end face; 106 - Filling portion; 107 - Material falling inclined plane; 108 - Material falling trough; 109 - Groove; 200 - Activation section; 201 - First material channel; 2011 - Fourth side wall; 2012 - Fifth side wall; 202 - First flue; 203 - Activation gas inlet; 204 - Penetrating activation layer; 2041 - Sealing section; 2042 - Ventilation section; 2043 - Closed special-shaped brick; 2044 - Penetrating special-shaped brick; 205 - Inlet gas chamber; 206 - Outlet gas chamber; 207 - Oxygen supplement combustion port of activation section; 300 - Carbonization section; 301 - Second material channel; 3011 - Sixth side wall; 3012 - Seventh side wall; 302 - Carbonization section flue gas outlet; 303 - Second flue; 304 - Oxygen supplement combustion port of carbonization section; 305 - Heat-resistant brick with through holes; 400 - Cooling section; 401 - Cooling pipe; 500 - Feed inlet; 600 - Activated coke outlet; 700 - Penetrating minimum activation unit; 800 - First penetrating activation layer; 801 - First penetrating activation layer inlet gas chamber; 802 - First penetrating activation layer outlet gas chamber; 900 - Second penetrating activation layer; 901 - Second penetrating activation layer inlet gas chamber; 902 - Second penetrating activation layer outlet gas chamber; 1000 - Third penetrating activation layer; 1001 - Third penetrating activation layer inlet gas chamber; 1002 - Third penetrating activation layer outlet gas chamber. Detailed implementation manners

[0084] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0085] The special-shaped bricks, coke ovens, coke oven systems, etc. of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0086] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of a special-shaped brick according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0087] As Figure 1 shown, the special-shaped brick of the embodiment of the present application includes a main body 101, a filling part 106, and a groove 109; the main body 101 includes a first side wall 102, a second side wall 103, and a third side wall 104 arranged in sequence, and the first side wall 102, the second side wall 103, and the third side wall 104 form a U shape, and a step portion 105 is provided at one end of the first side wall 102 and the third side wall 104 away from the second side wall 103; the filling part 106 is integrally arranged in the main body 101, and the filling part 106 has a blanking inclined surface 107, one end of the blanking inclined surface 107 is adjacent to the third side wall 104, and the other end is adjacent to the step portion 105; there is a spacing between one end of the blanking inclined surface 107 adjacent to the step portion 105 and the end of the step portion 105 away from the second side wall 103, and the area between the blanking inclined surface 107, the first side wall 102, and the third side wall 104 forms a blanking groove 108; the groove 109 is arranged between the second side wall 103 and the blanking inclined surface 107, and the groove 109 penetrates the first side wall 102, the filling part 106, and the third side wall 104.

[0088] The special-shaped brick of the embodiment of the present application has a groove, a step portion, and a blanking inclined surface with a spacing from the step portion. During use, the blanking inclined surface facilitates the sliding of materials, the step portion facilitates the connection of two relatively arranged special-shaped bricks, and forms a zigzag blanking channel; the groove can be used for fluid channels, installation of special-shaped bricks, etc.

[0089] In some embodiments, the first side wall 102, the second side wall 103, and the third side wall 104 are all cuboid or cube-shaped solid structures with flat surfaces on each surface, and the two end faces where the three are coplanar are flush, including but not limited to being parallel to the horizontal plane or the vertical plane. This can ensure that the depths of each part of the groove are the same, for fluid channels, the fluid flow is more stable, and the blanking resistance of the blanking groove is smaller. At the same time, such a structural design also facilitates the assembly of multiple special-shaped bricks into a brick wall and can improve stability. In other embodiments, if the inner and outer surfaces of the main body located in the U-shaped structure can also be set as arc surfaces, or there are protrusions on the plane, etc., but for multiple special-shaped bricks, especially when two adjacent special-shaped bricks need to be assembled with their openings facing each other and closely attached, the stability is slightly worse. In still other embodiments, the main body and the filling part can be hollow, which reduces the weight, but the stability is not as good as that of the solid one.

[0090] In some embodiments, the angle between the blanking inclined surface 107 and the plane where the groove 109 is located is an obtuse angle, including but not limited to being between 110° and 135°, such as 110°, 115°, 120°, 125°, 130° or 135°. When the angle between the blanking inclined surface 107 and the plane where the groove 109 is located is within the above range, it is convenient for blanking, and the blanking speed is moderate, which is convenient for the activation gas to make activation contact with the material; when the angle is less than 110°, the blanking is too fast; when the angle is too large, the blanking speed is too slow.

[0091] In some embodiments, the structure of the blanking inclined surface 107 includes but is not limited to being a plane (as shown in Figure 1 ), or a structure with arc surfaces at both ends and a plane in the middle (as shown in Figure 2 ).

[0092] In some embodiments, the shape of the groove includes but is not limited to regular shapes such as semi-cylindrical (as shown in Figure 1 , 2 ), cuboid, cube, prism, etc. and their combined shapes; in other embodiments, the shape of the groove can also be an irregular shape (as shown in Figure 3 , where the longitudinal section of the groove is a combined shape of an arc and a right trapezoid).

[0093] In some embodiments, the step portion 105 includes a first end surface 1051 and a second end surface 1052 arranged in sequence from the side close to the second side wall 103 to the side far from the second side wall 103. In some embodiments, the distance between the end of the blanking inclined surface 107 adjacent to the step portion 105 and the end of the step portion 105 far from the second side wall 103 (i.e., the second end surface 1052) can be greater than the distance between the first end surface 1051 and the second end surface 1052. In other embodiments, the distance between the end of the blanking inclined surface 107 adjacent to the step portion 105 and the end of the step portion 105 far from the second side wall 103 (i.e., the second end surface 1052) is less than the distance between the first end surface 1051 and the second end surface 1052. In still other embodiments, the distance between the end of the blanking inclined surface 107 adjacent to the step portion 105 and the end of the step portion 105 far from the second side wall 103 (i.e., the second end surface 1052) can be equal to the distance between the first end surface 1051 and the second end surface 1052. That is, the end of the blanking inclined surface 107 adjacent to the step portion 105 can be located between the second side wall 103 and the first end surface 1051, can also be located at the position of the first end surface 1051, or can also be located between the first end surface 1051 and the second end surface 1052. In this way, when two special-shaped bricks are arranged oppositely, two blanking inclined surfaces are opposite, and are connected through their respective step portions, a blanking channel from top to bottom can be formed between the two blanking inclined surfaces.

[0094] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the surface of the filling portion 106 provided with the groove 109, the surface of the first side wall 102 provided with the groove 109, the surface of the third side wall 104 provided with the groove 109, and the end surface of the blanking slope 107 adjacent to one end of the step portion 105 are flush. As a non-limiting example, when the blanking groove opens to the right, the bottoms and tops of the first side wall 102, the second side wall 102, and the third side wall 104 are respectively flush, the top of the blanking slope is flush with the top of the first side wall 102 (i.e., flush with the top of the body), and the bottom of the blanking slope 107 is flush with the bottom of the first side wall 102 (i.e., flush with the bottom of the body), as Figure 1 shown). In this way, it can ensure that the depths of the grooves at various places are consistent, which is used for the fluid channel and the fluid flow is more stable; at the same time, the top of the blanking slope is flush with the top of the body, which is beneficial for the material to move smoothly along the blanking slope and enter the blanking groove, avoiding the material from getting stuck in the part between the blanking slope and the second side wall. And the bottom of the blanking slope is flush with the bottom of the body, which can avoid the material from getting stuck in the part between the first side wall and the third side wall below the blanking slope.

[0095] In other embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, the surface of the filling portion 106 provided with the groove 109, the surface of the first side wall 102 provided with the groove 109, and the surface of the third side wall 104 provided with the groove 109 are flush, and there is a gap between the end surface of the blanking slope 107 adjacent to one end of the step portion 105 and the surface of the first side wall 102 provided with the groove 109. As a non-limiting example, when the blanking groove opens to the right, the bottoms and tops of the first side wall 102, the second side wall 102, and the third side wall 104 are respectively flush, the top of the blanking slope is flush with the top of the first side wall 102, the height of the blanking slope 107 is less than the height of the first side wall 102, and there is a gap between the bottom of the blanking slope 107 and the bottom of the first side wall 102 (as Figure 3 and Figure 10 shown). In this case, compared with the previous flush situation, when the length of the blanking slope is certain, the inclination angle of the blanking slope is larger, and the space for forming the blanking channel outside the blanking groove is correspondingly increased, and the size of the groove can be made as large as possible. When adopting the installation structure as Figure 9 , it is beneficial to introduce more activation gas, but at the same time, the risk of the material getting stuck in the part between the first side wall and the third side wall below the blanking slope is also correspondingly increased.

[0096] In some embodiments, one end of the blanking slope 107 adjacent to the second side wall 103 is closely attached to the second side wall, and the blanking slope extends to the end surface of the second side wall (as Figure 1 shown, and their tops are flush). In this way, it can ensure that when the distance between the second side wall 104 and the second end surface 1052 of the step portion 105 is certain and the height of the blanking slope is certain, the blanking slope can be set as long as possible, extending the material flow path. When adopting the structure asFigure 10 When installing the structure, it is also possible to ensure that the activation gas has the longest possible flow path in the material layer on the blanking inclined plane, making the activation more sufficient. In some other embodiments, there is a gap between one end of the blanking inclined plane 107 adjacent to the second side wall 103 and the second side wall, and the blanking inclined plane extends to the end face of the second side wall (as Figure 3 shown, their tops are flush). In this structure, when the distance between the second side wall 103 and the second end face 1052 is fixed and the height of the blanking inclined plane is fixed, although the length of the blanking inclined plane is reduced, the size of the groove can be made as large as possible. When using the installation structure such as Figure 10 , it is beneficial to introduce more activation gas.

[0097] In this application, the connection method between the main body 101 and the filling part 106 is not limited, as long as their relative positions are fixed. For example, in some embodiments, the connection methods between the main body 101 and the filling part 106 include but are not limited to integral molding, welding, etc. Comparatively speaking, the integral molding method is easier to process, and the connection strength between the main body and the filling part is higher, improving the overall stability of the special-shaped brick.

[0098] In some embodiments, in order to enable the special-shaped brick to be used in high-temperature environments, such as activated coke preparation, etc., the materials of the main body 101 and the filling part 106 are both heat-resistant materials, and the heat-resistant materials include but are not limited to silicon carbide, clay, corundum, etc.

[0099] It should be noted that in this application, the size specifications of the special-shaped brick are set according to actual needs. For example, as Figure 1 shown, if the z direction in the coordinate system is defined as the height direction, the x direction is the length direction, and the y direction is the width direction, then the ratio of the height, length, and width of the special-shaped brick includes but is not limited to (1 - 5):(1 - 5):(1 - 5). For example, the ratio of the height, length, and width of the special-shaped brick can include but is not limited to 1:1:1, 5:3:3, 4:3:2, 5:5:4, or 4:3:5, etc. As a non-limiting example, the height, length, and width of the special-shaped brick are all between 100 - 500. For example, the height is 500 mm, the length is 400 mm, and the width is 300 mm.

[0100] The special-shaped brick in the embodiment of this application can be used individually or in multiple.

[0101] When used individually, according to needs, the size of the special-shaped brick can be enlarged for feeding into bins, coke ovens, etc. The material will fall along the blanking inclined plane into the target position. At this time, the groove can be used as an installation groove for fixing the special-shaped brick on devices such as bins and coke ovens, such as the part for inserting bolts or the part for engaging with bins, coke ovens, etc. When there is a gap between the bottom of the blanking inclined plane and the bottom of the first side wall, the groove can also be used to synchronously introduce corresponding gas and other fluid media into bins, coke ovens, etc.

[0102] When multiple are used, taking the cases where the opening of the blanking chute faces right and left as examples: The special-shaped bricks with the opening of the blanking chute facing right can be arrayed from bottom to top to form a side wall, so that the openings of all the special-shaped bricks face right; The special-shaped bricks with the opening of the blanking chute facing left are also arrayed from bottom to top to form another side wall, so that the openings of all the special-shaped bricks face left; A blanking channel is formed between the two side walls. A gap can be left between two special-shaped bricks corresponding to each other in position on the two side walls, or they can be connected by engaging the stepped portions of the two. For two adjacent special-shaped bricks belonging to the same column on the same side wall, the groove of the upper special-shaped brick communicates with the blanking chute of the lower special-shaped brick, so that fluids such as gas entering from the groove can infiltrate the materials in the blanking channel.

[0103] The special-shaped bricks of the embodiments of the present application are used in the coke oven of the embodiments of the present application. For example, they can be used as the feed inlet of the coke oven, the component unit of the side wall of the carbonization section channel (the groove can be used as the exhaust outlet of the flue gas in the channel), the component unit of the side wall of the activation section channel (the channel can be used as the inlet and outlet of the activation gas), the component unit of the side wall of the furnace body (the groove can be closed or not closed), etc.

[0104] As a non-limiting example, as Figures 4 - 8 shown, the coke oven includes a furnace body. An activation section 200 is provided in the furnace body. The activation section 200 includes at least two first channels 201, a first flue 202 provided outside the first channels 201, and an activation gas inlet 203; The side wall of the first channel 201 includes the special-shaped brick 100 of the embodiments of the present application. The groove of the special-shaped brick can be used for the activation gas to enter and flow out of the first channel.

[0105] In some embodiments, the opposite two side walls of the first channel 201 both adopt the special-shaped bricks of the embodiments of the present application. The openings of the blanking chutes of the special-shaped bricks on the two side walls face each other. The specific connection method is as described above and will not be elaborated here. In this way, the materials can pass through the blanking channel formed by the blanking grooves between the two side walls in a zigzag shape from top to bottom, and the activation gas can enter from the groove of one side wall and flow out from the groove of the other side wall.

[0106] In some other embodiments, the first material channel 201 includes a plurality of penetration activation layers 204 arranged successively from top to bottom. The fourth sidewall 2011 and the fifth sidewall 2012 of the first material channel 201 corresponding to the penetration activation layer 204 both include special-shaped bricks 100, and the fourth sidewall 2011 and the fifth sidewall 2012 are arranged opposite to each other; one side of the penetration activation layer 204 communicates with the inlet gas chamber 205, and the other side communicates with the outlet gas chamber 206; for two adjacent penetration activation layers 204, the outlet gas chamber 206 of the penetration activation layer 204 located below communicates with the inlet gas chamber 205 of the penetration activation layer 204 located above; an activation section oxygen supply combustion port 207 is provided in the outlet gas chamber 206; all the inlet gas chambers 205 and the outlet gas chambers 206 are arranged in the first flue 207, the inlet gas chamber 205 communicates with the activation gas inlet 203, and the outlet gas chamber 206 communicates with the first flue 207. In this way, the activation gas enters from one side of the penetration activation layer and flows out from the other side, enabling the material to come into full contact with the activation gas, and achieving a good activation effect; at the same time, after the activation gas flowing out from the penetration activation layer located below undergoes oxygen supply combustion, while maintaining the heat of the activation section, the mixed gas after combustion is heated. This mixed gas enters the penetration activation layer located above from the same side and contacts the material to perform penetration activation on the penetration activation layer located above. By analogy, for a single first material channel, the activation gas enters the respective penetration activation layers alternately from the opposite sides from bottom to top to perform multiple penetration activations on the material in the first material channel, with high utilization rate of the activation gas, low coking energy consumption, and low coking cost.

[0107] In some embodiments, the number of the penetration activation layers includes, but is not limited to, 3 - 15, such as 3, 5, 10, or 15, etc. When the number of the penetration activation layers is within the above range, it can ensure that the activation gas in the activation section can alternately penetrate the material layers of each penetration activation layer, and the activation effect is good.

[0108] In some embodiments, the fourth sidewall 2011 and the fifth sidewall 2012 corresponding to the penetration activation layer 204 both include a sealing section 2041 and a ventilation section 2042 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Among them, the sealing section 2041 is composed of at least one layer of closed special-shaped bricks 2043 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the ventilation section 2042 is composed of at least three layers of penetrating special-shaped bricks 2044 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Both the closed special-shaped bricks 2043 and the penetrating special-shaped bricks 2044 adopt the special-shaped bricks 100 of the embodiments of the present application, and the groove 109 of the closed special-shaped bricks 2043 is closed. The function of the closed special-shaped bricks is to prevent the activation gas from short-circuiting, directly short-circuiting from the inlet of one gas chamber to the inlet of another gas chamber without penetrating the material layer, resulting in uneven activation and poor effect. It should be noted that the number of layers of the closed special-shaped bricks 2043 includes but is not limited to 1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers, 4 layers, etc., and the number of layers of the penetrating special-shaped bricks 2044 includes but is not limited to 3 layers, 4 layers, 5 layers, 6 layers, etc. The number of layers of the closed special-shaped bricks 2043 and the number of layers of the penetrating special-shaped bricks 2044 are both related to the height of the special-shaped bricks of the embodiments of the present application. On the premise that the height of the special-shaped bricks of the embodiments of the present application is certain, too many layers of the closed special-shaped bricks 2043 will cause an increase in the height of the penetration activation layer, and then cause an increase in the height of the entire activation section, an increase in the height of the furnace body, and an increase in cost. And in the case where the height of the penetration activation layer is certain, the number of times of the activation gas penetrating the material layer horizontally will be reduced. Therefore, considering comprehensively, it is more appropriate to select the above range for the closed special-shaped bricks 2043; and on the premise that the height of the penetrating special-shaped bricks is certain, if the number of layers of the penetrating special-shaped bricks 2044 is too small, the height of the material layer penetrated and activated is low, and the output of the coke oven is low. If the number of layers of the penetrating special-shaped bricks is too large, the amount of steam per layer is too small, and the activation effect becomes poor.

[0109] In some embodiments, the blanking inclined surfaces 107 of the closed special-shaped bricks 2043 and the penetrating special-shaped bricks 2044 both face the center of the first material channel 201. It can be understood that in the present application, the blanking inclined surfaces 107 of the closed special-shaped bricks 2043 and the penetrating special-shaped bricks 2044 both face the center of the first material channel 201, that is, their respective blanking grooves are arranged oppositely, forming a blanking channel between the fourth sidewall and the fifth sidewall. Only the activation gas can flow in the groove of the ventilation section and move downward through the blanking channel, while in the sealing section, since the groove is closed, the activation gas cannot flow through the groove of the sealing section and can only be transferred upward along the blanking channel. Therefore, in the present application, the sealing section is relatively sealed, only blocking the flow of the activation gas along the groove, but not blocking the flow of the activation gas and the material along the blanking channel.

[0110] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 、 Figure 9As shown, for the fourth sidewall 2011 and the fifth sidewall 2012, all the grooves 109 of the penetrating shaped bricks 2044 in the ventilation section 2042 corresponding to one of them communicate with the inlet air chamber 205, and all the grooves 109 of the penetrating shaped bricks 2044 in the ventilation section 2042 corresponding to the other communicate with the outlet air chamber 206. As Figure 11 shown, for two vertically adjacent ventilation sections, the outlet air chamber of the lower ventilation section communicates with the inlet air chamber of the lower ventilation section corresponding thereto, facilitating the alternating penetration of the activation gas from both sides through each penetrating activation layer.

[0111] In some embodiments, in each penetrating activation layer 204, among two vertically adjacent penetrating shaped bricks 2044 located in the same column on the fourth sidewall 2011 or the fifth sidewall 2012, the groove 109 adjacent to the sealing section 2041 communicates with the material dropping groove 108 on the side away from the sealing section 2041. This can ensure that the activation gas in the groove 109 adjacent to the sealing section 2041 enters and penetrates the material in the material dropping groove 108 on the side away from the sealing section 2041, ensuring the activation effect.

[0112] In some embodiments, in each penetrating activation layer 204, two penetrating shaped bricks 2044 or closed shaped bricks 2043 corresponding to each other in position on the fourth sidewall 2011 and the fifth sidewall 2012 are arranged with vertical displacement, and are hermetically and fixedly connected through the step portion 105 to form a penetrating minimum activation unit 700 (as Figure 8 shown). This can form a zigzag material dropping channel in the first material channel, enabling the material to move downward along the zigzag path, fully contacting the activation gas, and improving the activation effect.

[0113] In some embodiments, as Figure 10 shown, two adjacent first material channels 201 are closely attached through the fourth sidewall 2011 and the fifth sidewall 2012. Since there is no material exchange or gas flow between the respective first material channels, such an arrangement can make full use of the space in the activation section, arrange as many first material channels as possible, and at the same time improve the structural compactness. In some embodiments, the grooves 109 of all the penetrating shaped bricks 2044 located at the same height on the fourth sidewall 2011 or the fifth sidewall 2012 communicate, and both ends thereof communicate with the inlet air chamber 205 or the outlet air chamber 206. This can facilitate the inflow of the activation gas from the inlet air chambers on both sides, or the outflow from both sides.

[0114] In some embodiments, as Figures 4 - 8As shown in the figure, a carbonization section 300 is further provided inside the furnace body. The carbonization section 300 is arranged above the activation section 200. The carbonization section 300 includes a number of second material channels 301 and a carbonization section flue gas outlet 302. Each second material channel 301 is connected to a first material channel 201, and their positions are directly opposite to each other, which can ensure that the materials from the carbonization section fall into the activation section by their own weight. The part between two adjacent second material channels 301 and the part between a number of second material channels 301 and the inner wall of the furnace body form a second flue 303. The second flue 303 is connected to the carbonization section flue gas outlet 302. The second flue 303, a number of second material channels 301 and the first flue 202 are connected. A carbonization section oxygen supply combustion port 304 is provided in the second flue 303. In this way, the flue gas in the activation section enters the second flue in the carbonization section and is burned together with the flue gas in the carbonization section by the supplemented air, and the heat is used to maintain the temperature of the carbonization section.

[0115] It should be noted that both the carbonization section oxygen supply combustion port 304 and the activation section oxygen supply combustion port 207 can be air injection pipelines or oxygen injection pipelines connected to an external air source or oxygen source. Their structures can be a simple air injection pipe or oxygen injection pipe connected with multiple nozzles, or the structure of an existing ammonia injection grid, except that the injected gas is replaced with air or oxygen. The structures of the carbonization section oxygen supply combustion port 304 and the activation section oxygen supply combustion port 207 can be the same or different.

[0116] In some embodiments, the second material channel 301 has a sixth side wall 3011 and a seventh side wall 3012 arranged oppositely. Both the sixth side wall 3011 and the seventh side wall 3012 are made of heat-resistant bricks 305 with through holes, which can facilitate the flue gas generated in the second material channel to enter the second flue. In some embodiments, the through holes are inclined downward from top to bottom and from the second flue to the center of the second material channel, which can improve the flue gas circulation effect.

[0117] In some embodiments, the activation gas inlet 203 is located at the bottom of the activation section 200, which can ensure that the activation gas contacts the materials moving from top to bottom in a countercurrent manner for activation, improving the activation effect. The carbonization section flue gas outlet 302 is located at the bottom of the carbonization section 300, which can make the flue gas in the second flue flow from top to bottom, fully heat the second material channel, and supplement the heat of the carbonization section.

[0118] In some embodiments, a cooling section 400 is further provided inside the furnace body. The cooling section 400 is connected to the activation section 200. The cooling section 400 is provided with cooling pipes 401. The cooling section can cool the materials from the activation section, and the cooling pipes can be selected as cooling coil pipes, etc. The furnace body has a feed inlet 500 and an activated coke outlet 600. The feed inlet 500 is arranged at the top of the furnace body for the raw coal particles to enter the carbonization section. The activated coke outlet 600 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body for collecting the cooled activated coke to obtain the activated coke product.

[0119] The operation method of the coke oven according to the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0120] The activation gas containing water vapor enters the inlet gas chamber 205 of the lower penetration activation layer 204 among two adjacent penetration activation layers 204.

[0121] The activation gas entering the inlet gas chamber 205 of the lower penetration activation layer 204 is evenly distributed into the grooves 109 of the multi-layer penetration special-shaped bricks 2044 on one side of the penetration activation layer 204.

[0122] The activation gas simultaneously penetrates the material layer in the first material channel 201 and is activated in each layer of the penetration special-shaped bricks 2044 to generate water gas.

[0123] The water gas is discharged from the grooves 109 of the multi-layer penetration special-shaped bricks 2044 on the other side of the penetration activation layer 204, and then enters the outlet gas chamber 206 of the penetration activation layer 204 for oxygen-supplemented combustion, maintaining the temperature of the activation gas while supplementing the heat of the activation section 200.

[0124] The mixed gas after oxygen-supplemented combustion vertically enters the inlet gas chamber 205 of the next penetration activation layer 204 for penetration activation of the next penetration activation layer 204.

[0125] Among them, in the first material channel 201, the material moves downward along a zigzag path.

[0126] Among them, the pressure range of the activation gas for penetration activation is between 0.05 - 0.5 MPa, including but not limited to 0.1 MPa, 0.2 MPa, 0.3 MPa, 0.4 MPa or 0.5 MPa. Selecting the pressure within the above range for penetration activation can obtain a better penetration activation effect; if it is less than 0.05 MPa, the bed layer resistance cannot be overcome and the activation gas cannot penetrate the material layer; if it is greater than 0.5 MPa, the pressure is too high, the furnace pressure is too high, and the leakage risk increases.

[0127] Among them, the activation temperature of the activation section 200 is between 750 - 850 °C, including but not limited to 770 °C, 790 °C, 810 °C or 830 °C. Selecting the activation temperature within the above range can obtain the best activation effect; if it is less than 750 °C, the activation reaction rate is slow and the activation effect is poor; if it is greater than 850 °C, the activation reaction is intense, the pores are over-activated, resulting in pore collapse.

[0128] In some embodiments, the operation method of the coke oven may further include a carbonization reaction process, specifically including: raw coal particles enter the carbonization section 300 for carbonization reaction, and the pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonization reaction enters the second flue 303 for oxygen-supplemented combustion to maintain the temperature of the carbonization section 300. Among them, the raw coal particles can be selected from bituminous coal or anthracite, etc.

[0129] In some embodiments, the method for operating the coke oven further includes a step of discharging the flue gas from the activation section 200 and the flue gas from the carbonization section 300 after they are combined from the flue gas outlet of the carbonization section 300.

[0130] As a possible embodiment, as Figure 10 shown, the activation section of the coke oven is provided with three penetration activation layers 204, which are defined as the first penetration activation layer 800, the second penetration activation layer 900, and the third penetration activation layer 1000 in sequence from bottom to top. The inlet gas chamber corresponding to the first penetration activation layer 800 is the first penetration activation layer inlet gas chamber 801, and the outlet gas chamber corresponding to the first penetration activation layer 800 is the first penetration activation layer outlet gas chamber 802. The inlet gas chamber corresponding to the second penetration activation layer 900 is the second penetration activation layer inlet gas chamber 901, and the outlet gas chamber corresponding to the second penetration activation layer 900 is the second penetration activation layer outlet gas chamber 902. The inlet gas chamber corresponding to the third penetration activation layer 1000 is the third penetration activation layer inlet gas chamber 1001 (as Figure 9 and Figure 11 shown), and the outlet gas chamber corresponding to the third penetration activation layer 1000 is the third penetration activation layer outlet gas chamber 1002. Then, the method for operating the coke oven of the present application is:

[0131] The raw coal particles sequentially pass through the second material channel in the carbonization section, the first material channel in the activation section, and the cooling section of the coke oven 1 from top to bottom, and the finished activated coke is discharged from the bottom of the coke oven; the pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonization of the materials in the carbonization section enters the second flue through the through holes of the heat-resistant rotor with through holes, and is burned by the supplemented air, and the heat is used to maintain the temperature of the carbonization section; in the activation section, high-temperature steam enters the first penetrating activation layer inlet gas chamber 801 from the bottom of the activation section of the coke oven, and then evenly enters the activation gas channels (i.e., grooves) of the multi-layer penetrating special-shaped bricks on one side (on the fourth side wall) at the same time. After penetrating and activating the material layer in each layer of penetrating special-shaped bricks at the same time, it is discharged from the activation gas channels of the special-shaped bricks on the other side (the fifth side wall), and then enters the first penetrating activation layer outlet gas chamber 802. Air is supplemented into this outlet gas chamber through the oxygen-supplemented combustion port, and the generated water gas is burned. The mixed gas then vertically enters the second penetrating activation layer inlet gas chamber 901 to start the second penetrating activation, and then goes through penetrating activation, supplementary combustion, and enters the third penetrating activation layer inlet gas chamber 1001 to start the third penetrating activation. The heat of the supplementary combustion is used to supplement the heat of the activation section and maintain the temperature of the activation gas. The flue gas in the activation section and the flue gas in the carbonization section are combined and discharged from the flue gas outlet at the bottom of the carbonization section of the coke oven. Among them, in the first material channel 201, the materials move downward along a zigzag path; the pressure range of the activation gas for the penetrating activation is between 0.1 - 0.5 MPa, including but not limited to 0.1 MPa, 0.2 MPa, 0.3 MPa, 0.4 MPa, or 0.5 MPa. The activation temperature of the activation section 200 is between 750 - 850 °C, including but not limited to 770 °C, 790 °C, 810 °C, or 830 °C.

[0132] The coke oven system of the embodiment of the present application, as Figure 12 shown, includes a coke oven 1, a secondary combustion chamber 2, a heat exchange chamber 3, and a steam superheater 9, where the coke oven 1 is the coke oven of the embodiment of the present application; the inlet of the secondary combustion furnace 2 is connected to the flue gas outlet 302 of the carbonization section; the flue gas inlet of the heat exchange chamber 3 is connected to the outlet of the secondary combustion furnace 2. The heat exchange chamber 3 is provided with a first heat exchanger 4, a second heat exchanger 5, and an air preheater 6. The inlet of the first heat exchanger 4 is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchanger 5. The inlet of the second heat exchanger 5 is connected to a feed water pump 7. The inlet of the air preheater 6 is connected to a blower 8. The outlet of the air preheater 6 is connected to the oxygen-supplemented combustion port 207 of the activation section and the oxygen-supplemented combustion port 304 of the carbonization section; the inlet of the steam superheater 9 is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchanger 4, and the outlet of the steam superheater 9 is connected to the activation gas inlet 203.

[0133] The coke oven system of the embodiment of the present application can secondarily burn the flue gas from the flue gas outlet of the carbonization section of the coke oven to remove pollutants such as tar, and then use it to heat the oxygen-supplemented combustion air of the carbonization section and the activation section, and heat the feed water to generate activation gas water vapor, so as to utilize the flue gas waste heat, improve the energy utilization rate, and save costs.

[0134] In some embodiments, the coke oven system further includes an induced draft fan 10. The inlet of the induced draft fan 10 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the heat exchange chamber 3, and the outlet of the induced draft fan 10 is connected to the chimney 11. The setting of the induced draft fan can indirectly form a negative pressure environment in the carbonization section of the coke oven, facilitating the discharge of the carbonization section flue gas carrying tar and the like from the furnace body for secondary combustion.

[0135] In some embodiments, the coke oven system further includes a cooling water circulation pump 12. The outlet of the cooling water circulation pump 12 is connected to the inlet of the cooling pipe 401 to provide a cooling medium for the cooling section to cool the materials from the activation section.

[0136] The operation method of the coke oven system according to the embodiments of the present application includes the following steps:

[0137] The flue gas from the flue gas outlet 302 of the carbonization section of the coke oven is subjected to secondary combustion to remove tar and then enters the heat exchange chamber 3;

[0138] The flue gas entering the heat exchange chamber 3 heats the water from the feed water pump 7 and the air from the air preheater 6 respectively to generate steam and hot air;

[0139] The steam is superheated by the steam superheater 9 and then enters the activation section 200 of the coke oven as activation gas;

[0140] Part of the hot air enters the oxygen supply combustion port 207 of the activation section, and the other part enters the oxygen supply combustion port 304 of the carbonization section.

[0141] It should be noted that the operation method of the coke oven system according to the embodiments of the present application further includes the operation method of the coke oven, but the operation method of the coke oven is the same as the operation method of the coke oven according to the embodiments of the present application described above and will not be elaborated here.

[0142] In summary, the coke oven according to the embodiments of the present application has the following advantages:

[0143] (1) The consumption of activation gas is small and the coke production cost is low.

[0144] Different from the traditional coke oven where the activation gas contacts and activates the outside of the materials, due to the setting of multiple penetration activation layers distributed from top to bottom, the activation gas is in full contact with the materials and penetrates and activates multiple times, with high utilization rate of the activation gas, low coke production energy consumption, and low coke production cost;

[0145] (2) The components of the mixed activation gas are constant in temperature.

[0146] Every time the activation gas penetrates the material layer, air combustion is supplemented to maintain the constant temperature of the activation gas. At the same time, the activated water gas burns to produce carbon dioxide, and the activation gas activates the material layer jointly by steam and carbon dioxide.

[0147] (3) Penetration activation, good adaptability to raw materials.

[0148] With penetration activation, the available range of the thickness of the material layer is large, and the requirements for the particle size and shape of the raw materials are low. Therefore, activated coke with different particle sizes and different shapes can be prepared.

[0149] (4) Penetration activation, with good activation effect and large output.

[0150] The material and the activation gas are in cross-flow contact, with sufficient contact. The activation gas penetrates the material layer, resulting in good activation effect and large output of the prepared activated coke.

[0151] (5) Vertical layout, a carbonization and activation integrated furnace.

[0152] The coke oven is vertically arranged, and the material passes through carbonization and activation in sequence by gravity. It is a carbonization and activation integrated furnace, with small floor area and compact structure.

[0153] The operation method of the coke oven, the coke oven system, and the operation method of the coke oven system in the embodiments of the present application all have the beneficial effects of the coke oven in the embodiments of the present application.

[0154] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0155] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0156] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "couple", "fix", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communicable with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0157] In this application, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0158] In this application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0159] Although the embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A coke oven, characterized in that, It includes a furnace body, in which an activation section is provided. The activation section includes at least two first channels, a first flue arranged around the first channels, and an activation gas inlet. The side wall of the first channel includes special-shaped bricks. The first channel includes a plurality of penetration activation layers arranged successively from top to bottom. The fourth side wall and the fifth side wall of the first channel corresponding to the penetration activation layer both include the special-shaped bricks, and the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall are arranged oppositely; one side of the penetration activation layer communicates with an inlet air chamber, and the other side communicates with an outlet air chamber; for two adjacent penetration activation layers, the outlet air chamber of the penetration activation layer located below communicates with the inlet air chamber of the penetration activation layer located above; an activation section oxygen supplement combustion port is provided in the outlet air chamber; all the inlet air chambers and outlet air chambers are arranged in the first flue, the inlet air chamber communicates with the activation gas inlet, and the outlet air chamber communicates with the first flue. The special-shaped brick includes a main body, a filling part, and a groove; the main body includes a first side wall, a second side wall, and a third side wall arranged successively, and the first side wall, the second side wall, and the third side wall form a U shape. Step parts are provided at one end of the first side wall and the third side wall away from the second side wall; the filling part is integrally arranged in the main body, and the filling part has a material falling slope. One end of the material falling slope is adjacent to the third side wall, and the other end is adjacent to the step part; there is a gap between one end of the material falling slope adjacent to the step part and the end of the step part away from the second side wall. The area between the material falling slope, the first side wall, and the third side wall forms a material falling groove. The groove is arranged between the second side wall and the material falling slope, and the groove penetrates through the first side wall, the filling part, and the third side wall.

2. The coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the material falling slope and the plane where the groove is located is an obtuse angle.

3. The coke oven according to claim 2, characterized in that, The included angle between the material falling slope and the plane where the groove is located is between 110 - 135°.

4. The coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surfaces of the filling part where the groove is provided, the surface of the first side wall where the groove is provided, and the surface of the third side wall where the groove is provided are arranged flush; the end surface of one end of the material falling slope adjacent to the step part is flush with the surface of the first side wall where the groove is provided, or there is a gap between the two. And / or, the main body and the filling part are integrally formed.

5. The coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The materials of the main body and the filling part are both heat-resistant materials.

6. The coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fourth side wall and the fifth side wall corresponding to the penetration activation layer both include a sealing section and a ventilation section arranged successively from top to bottom. The sealing section is composed of at least one layer of closed special-shaped bricks arranged successively from top to bottom, and the ventilation section is composed of at least three layers of penetration special-shaped bricks arranged successively from top to bottom. The closed special-shaped bricks and the penetration special-shaped bricks both adopt the special-shaped bricks, and the groove of the closed special-shaped brick is closed; the material falling slopes of the closed special-shaped bricks and the penetration special-shaped bricks all face the center of the first channel. For the fourth side wall and the fifth side wall, the grooves of all the penetration special-shaped bricks of the ventilation section corresponding to one of them communicate with the inlet air chamber, and the grooves of all the penetration special-shaped bricks of the ventilation section corresponding to the other one communicate with the outlet air chamber.

7. The coke oven according to claim 6, characterized in that, In each of the penetration activation layers, among two vertically adjacent penetration special-shaped bricks located in the same column on the fourth sidewall or the fifth sidewall, the groove on the side adjacent to the sealing section communicates with the blanking groove on the side away from the sealing section.

8. The coke oven according to claim 6, characterized in that, In each of the penetration activation layers, two penetration special-shaped bricks or closed special-shaped bricks corresponding in position on the fourth sidewall and the fifth sidewall are arranged in a vertically staggered manner and are hermetically and fixedly connected through the step portion.

9. The coke oven according to claim 6, characterized in that, Two adjacent first material channels are closely attached through the fourth sidewall and the fifth sidewall. The grooves of all the penetration special-shaped bricks located at the same height on the fourth sidewall or the fifth sidewall communicate with each other, and both ends of them communicate with the inlet gas chamber or the outlet gas chamber.

10. The coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, A carbonization section is further provided in the furnace body, and the carbonization section is provided above the activation section. The carbonization section includes a plurality of second material channels and a carbonization section flue gas outlet. Each of the second material channels communicates with one of the first material channel passages, and they are arranged opposite to each other in position. The part between two adjacent second material channels and between a plurality of second material channels and the inner wall of the furnace body forms a second flue, and the second flue communicates with the carbonization section flue gas outlet; the second flue, a plurality of second material channels and the first flue communicate; a carbonization section oxygen supplement combustion port is provided in the second flue.

11. The coke oven according to claim 10, characterized in that, The second material channel has a sixth sidewall and a seventh sidewall arranged opposite to each other, and both the sixth sidewall and the seventh sidewall are made of heat-resistant bricks with through holes. And / or, the activation gas inlet is located at the bottom of the activation section; the carbonization section flue gas outlet is located at the bottom of the carbonization section. And / or, a cooling section is further provided in the furnace body, and the cooling section communicates with the activation section; cooling pipes are provided in the cooling section.

12. A method for operating a coke oven as claimed in claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, Include The activation gas containing water vapor enters the inlet gas chamber of the lower penetration activation layer among two adjacent penetration activation layers. The activation gas entering the inlet gas chamber of the lower penetration activation layer is evenly distributed into the grooves of the multi-layer penetration special-shaped bricks on one side of the penetration activation layer. The activation gas simultaneously penetrates the material layer in the first material channel in each layer of penetration special-shaped bricks for activation and generates water gas. The water gas is discharged from the grooves of the multi-layer penetration special-shaped bricks on the other side of the penetration activation layer, and then enters the outlet gas chamber of the penetration activation layer for oxygen-supplemented combustion, supplementing the heat of the activation section and maintaining the temperature of the activation gas at the same time. The mixed gas after oxygen-supplemented combustion vertically enters the inlet gas chamber of the next penetration activation layer to perform penetration activation on the next penetration activation layer.

13. The operation method of the coke oven according to claim 12, characterized in that, In the first material channel, the material moves downward along a "zigzag" path. And / or, the pressure range of the activation gas for the penetration activation is between 0.05 - 0.5 MPa.

14. The operation method of the coke oven according to claim 12, characterized in that, Also include The raw coal particles enter the carbonization section for carbonization reaction. The pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonization reaction enters the second flue for oxygen-supplemented combustion to maintain the temperature of the carbonization section.

15. The operation method of the coke oven according to claim 12, characterized in that, Also include The flue gas of the activation section and the flue gas of the carbonization section converge and are discharged from the flue gas outlet of the carbonization section.

16. A coke oven system, characterized in that, Include A coke oven, and the coke oven is the coke oven according to claim 11. A secondary combustion furnace, and the inlet of the secondary combustion furnace communicates with the carbonization section flue gas outlet. Heat exchange chamber, the flue gas inlet of the heat exchange chamber is connected to the outlet of the secondary combustion furnace. A first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and an air preheater are provided in the heat exchange chamber. The inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchanger. The inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the feed water pump. The inlet of the air preheater is connected to the blower. The outlet of the air preheater is connected to the oxygen supplement combustion port of the activation section and the oxygen supplement combustion port of the carbonization section; Steam superheater, the inlet of the steam superheater is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchanger, and the outlet of the steam superheater is connected to the activation gas inlet.

17. The coke oven system according to claim 16, characterized in that, It further includes an induced draft fan, the inlet of the induced draft fan is connected to the flue gas outlet of the heat exchange chamber, and the outlet of the induced draft fan is connected to the chimney; And / or, the coking furnace system further includes a cooling water circulation pump, and the outlet of the cooling water circulation pump is connected to the inlet of the cooling pipe.

18. An operation method of the coke oven system according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that, Comprising The flue gas from the flue gas outlet of the carbonization section of the coking furnace is subjected to secondary combustion to remove tar and then enters the heat exchange chamber; The flue gas entering the heat exchange chamber heats the water from the feed water pump and the air from the air preheater respectively to generate water vapor and hot air; The water vapor is superheated by the steam superheater and enters the activation section of the coking furnace as activation gas; Part of the hot air enters the oxygen supplement combustion port of the activation section, and the other part enters the oxygen supplement combustion port of the carbonization section.

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