A high-performance friction pendulum isolation bearing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing, which includes a first seat plate, a second seat plate, and a spherical cap assembly connected between the first and second seat plates. The spherical cap assembly includes a first spherical cap and a second spherical cap, and the first and second spherical caps directly or indirectly form a tensile fit. The spherical cap assembly separates the rotation function from the seismic isolation function, reducing the wear of the sliding material and extending the service life of the bearing. Tensile functional components are provided between the spherical cap assemblies. Combined with the tensile components on the first and second seat plates, a vertical tensile continuous system is formed, which has the functions of preventing overturning and preventing beam drop.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of bridge seismic isolation, and in particular to a high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing. Background Art

[0002] Friction pendulum bearings are a commonly used seismic isolation bearing for bridges. By swinging, they extend the natural vibration period of the superstructure, achieving seismic isolation. At the same time, friction on the sliding interface dissipates seismic energy, mitigating seismic damage to the bridge structure. However, during the pendulum's swing, the bridge deck can rise. This rise, however, is then reset under gravity load. Under normal operating conditions, this bridge deck rise is generally undesirable to ensure smooth traffic flow.

[0003] The projection area of ​​the swing surface of traditional friction pendulum seismic isolation bearings on the horizontal plane is circular, whether it is a simple pendulum structure or a compound pendulum structure. The seismic isolation requirements of bridge structures usually only consider the transverse and longitudinal directions of the bridge. This will inevitably cause waste of materials and processing time during the production and processing of the bearings, increasing the cost of engineering construction. In addition, previous earthquake damage investigations have shown that the situation of bridge beams falling after earthquakes is widespread. Traditional friction pendulum bearings are vertical tensile discontinuous components and have no function to prevent lift-off and overturning. When the earthquake action is large, there is a risk of overturning and falling of the beam ends. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing. The spherical crown assembly separates the rotation function from the seismic isolation function, reduces the wear of the sliding material, and extends the service life of the bearing; the middle spherical crown assembly is provided with a tensile functional component, combined with the tensile components on the first seat plate and the second seat plate, to form a vertical tensile continuous system, which has the function of preventing overturning and preventing beam falling.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing, which includes a first seat plate, a second seat plate, and a spherical crown assembly connected between the first seat plate and the second seat plate, the spherical crown assembly includes a first spherical crown and a second spherical crown, and the first spherical crown and the second spherical crown form a tensile fit directly or indirectly.

[0006] In another embodiment, the spherical cap assembly includes a first spherical cap and a second spherical cap located below the first spherical cap, the lower end surface of the first spherical cap is a spherical surface that is convex downward or concave upward, and the upper end surface of the second spherical cap is a spherical surface that matches the first spherical cap; a rotation limit pin is formed on one of the lower end surface of the first spherical cap or the upper end surface of the second spherical cap, and a rotation limit groove that matches the rotation limit pin is formed on the other, and a friction pair is provided between the first spherical cap and the second spherical cap; the first spherical cap The rotation limit pin of the crown includes an intermediate rotating shaft and a key-type rotating shaft tensile block protruding from the circumference of the lower end portion of the intermediate rotating shaft. The rotation limit groove of the second spherical crown includes an upper rotation limit groove and a lower rotation limit groove that match the key-type rotating shaft tensile block and the rotation limit pin. The lower rotation limit groove can allow the lower end portion of the rotation limit pin to rotate therein. When the key-type rotating shaft tensile block is located in the lower rotation limit groove and is staggered with the upper rotation limit groove, the first spherical crown and the second spherical crown form a tensile fit.

[0007] In another embodiment, the upper and lower rotation limit grooves are spaced apart to form openings on their circumferential surfaces. When the key-shaped shaft tensile block is located within the lower rotation limit groove and offset from the openings in the upper rotation limit groove, the first and second spherical caps form a tensile fit. This increases the diameter of the intermediate shaft, improving the tensile strength between the first and second spherical caps.

[0008] In another embodiment, the trajectory of the spherical cap as it slides relative to the first seat plate is a first trajectory, the projection of the first trajectory onto the plane of the upper end surface of the first seat plate is a first projection, the width of the first projection is the width of the first seat plate, the length of the first projection is the length of the first seat plate, the width of the first seat plate is not less than the width of the first projection, and the width of the first projection is between 0.4 and 1.0 times the length of the first projection. This eliminates unnecessary and excessive portions of conventional friction pendulum bearings, reduces bearing production costs, and reduces the overall construction cost of bridge projects.

[0009] In another embodiment, the trajectory of the spherical cap as it slides relative to the second seat plate is a second trajectory. The projection of the second trajectory on the plane of the lower end surface of the second seat plate is a second projection. The width of the second projection is the width of the second seat plate, and the length of the second projection is the length of the second seat plate. The width of the second seat plate is not less than the width of the second projection and is between 0.4 and 1.0 times the length of the second projection. This reduces the width of the second seat plate, further reducing the manufacturing cost of the bearing and the overall construction cost of the bridge project.

[0010] In another embodiment, the support also includes a lower plane plate fixed relative to the ground, a speed locker installed between the lower plane plate and the second seat plate, and the speed locker includes a piston rod, an outer cylinder and other cylinder components; the piston rod is fixedly connected to the lower plane plate, and the outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the second seat plate, or the piston rod is fixedly connected to the second seat plate, and the outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower plane plate. The added plane displacement functional component avoids the adverse factors of structural lifting during normal use; the speed locker solves the need to separate the isolation function of the support during normal use and during earthquakes. Under normal use, the support adapts to the plane displacement and horizontal and vertical rotation of the bridge; under the action of an earthquake, the isolation function of the friction pendulum isolation support is brought into play, reducing the seismic response of the structure while dissipating seismic energy.

[0011] In another embodiment, the first seat plate is located above the spherical cap, and a matching first guide assembly is provided on the lower end surface of the first seat plate and the upper end surface of the spherical cap for moving the spherical cap relative to the first seat plate along a first trajectory. The first guide assembly includes a first guide block and a first guide groove. The first guide block is formed on the first seat plate and the first guide groove is formed on the spherical cap, or the first guide block is formed on the spherical cap and the first guide groove is formed on the first seat plate. The cooperation of the first guide block and the first guide groove achieves seismic isolation in the direction of the first trajectory.

[0012] In another embodiment, the second seat plate is positioned below the spherical cap, and matching second guide assemblies are provided on the upper end surface of the second seat plate and the lower end surface of the spherical cap for moving the spherical cap along a second trajectory relative to the second seat plate. The second guide assembly includes a second guide block and a second guide groove. The second guide block is formed on the second seat plate and the second guide groove is formed on the spherical cap, or the second guide block is formed on the spherical cap and the second guide groove is formed on the second seat plate. The first guide groove and the second guide groove are both shaped like a large belly with a small mouth. The first guide block matches the first guide groove, and the second guide block matches the second guide groove. Through the tensile fit between the first guide block and the first guide groove between the first seat plate and the spherical cap, through the tensile fit between the second guide block and the second guide groove between the second seat plate and the spherical cap, and through the provision of a key-type shaft tensile block and a rotation limit groove between the spherical cap assemblies, or through the provision of an upper rotation limit groove and a lower rotation limit groove circumferentially between the spherical cap assemblies, tensile functional components are provided between the various components, forming a vertical tensile continuous system that has the functions of preventing overturning and beam drop.

[0013] In another embodiment, friction pairs are provided between the first seat plate and the spherical cap, and between the second seat plate and the spherical cap, respectively. The friction pairs between the first seat plate and the spherical cap and between the second seat plate and the spherical cap have different curvature radii and friction coefficients. Seismic isolation is designed separately in the transverse and longitudinal directions, with longitudinal and transverse isolation implemented on different components of the bearing. The curvature and friction coefficient of the friction pendulum isolation bearing are designed in both directions based on the different periods of transverse and longitudinal isolation requirements, so that the movements in the two directions are decoupled and do not interfere with each other.

[0014] In another embodiment, the second seat plate is located below the spherical crown. A matching second guide assembly is provided on the upper end surface of the second seat plate and the lower end surface of the spherical crown, for moving the spherical crown relative to the second seat plate along a second trajectory. The second guide assembly includes a second guide block and a second guide groove. The second guide block is formed on the second seat plate and the second guide groove is formed on the spherical crown, or the second guide block is formed on the spherical crown and the second guide groove is formed on the second seat plate. The cooperation of the second guide block and the second guide groove achieves seismic isolation in the direction of the second trajectory.

[0015] In another embodiment, the spherical cap assembly comprises, from top to bottom, a first spherical cap, an intermediate spherical cap, and a second spherical cap. The lower end surface of the first spherical cap is formed with a first retaining groove, shaped like a large belly and a small mouth. The upper end of the intermediate spherical cap is positioned within and mates with the first retaining groove. The intermediate spherical cap is divided into three parts, with gaps between the first, second, and intermediate caps. This perfectly accommodates the horizontal and vertical rotation requirements of the bridge structure and enables multi-stage frictional energy dissipation. The spherical cap assembly is equipped with a tensile strength component, providing vertical tensile strength and preventing overturning and beam drop.

[0016] In another embodiment, the upper side wall of the first limiting groove is spherical and concave toward the upper end face of the first spherical cap, the upper end face of the intermediate spherical cap is spherical and convex and adapted to the upper side wall of the first limiting groove, the circumference of the upper end portion of the intermediate spherical cap protrudes outward along the radial direction of the intermediate spherical cap and forms a first limiting ring, and the first limiting ring cooperates with the first limiting groove to prevent the intermediate spherical cap from falling off from the first limiting groove.

[0017] In another embodiment, the thickness of the first limiting ring decreases from the inside to the outside, providing space for relative tilting and swinging between the first limiting ring and the first limiting groove, thereby achieving multi-stage friction energy dissipation.

[0018] In another embodiment, the upper sidewall of the first limiting groove is a plane, and the upper end circumference of the intermediate spherical cap has a first limiting ring extending radially outward and matching the first limiting groove. The diameter of the first limiting ring is smaller than the diameter of the first limiting groove opening, and the height of the first limiting ring is smaller than the thickness of the first limiting groove belly. The first limiting groove and the intermediate spherical cap form a planar sliding surface, achieving multi-directional horizontal vibration reduction and isolation.

[0019] In another embodiment, a second limiting groove with a large belly and a small mouth is formed on the upper end surface of the second spherical crown, and the lower end of the intermediate spherical crown is arranged in the second limiting groove and matches the second limiting groove.

[0020] In another embodiment, the lower side wall of the second limiting groove is spherical and concave toward the lower end face of the second spherical cap, and the lower end face of the intermediate spherical cap is spherical and convex downward and adapted to the lower side wall of the second limiting groove.

[0021] In another embodiment, the lower end surface of the intermediate spherical cap protrudes outward in the radial direction of the intermediate spherical cap and forms a second limiting ring, and the second limiting ring cooperates with the second limiting groove to prevent the intermediate spherical cap from falling off from the second limiting groove.

[0022] In another embodiment, the thickness of the second limiting ring decreases from the inside to the outside.

[0023] In another embodiment, the lower side wall of the second limiting groove is a plane, and the circumferential surface of the lower end portion of the intermediate spherical crown has a second limiting ring extending radially outward and matching the second limiting groove, the diameter of the second limiting ring is smaller than the diameter of the second limiting groove opening, and the height of the second limiting ring is smaller than the thickness of the second limiting groove belly.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the spherical crown assembly separates the rotation function from the seismic isolation function, reduces the wear of the sliding material, and extends the service life of the support; the spherical crown assembly is provided with a tensile functional component, which, combined with the tensile components on the first seat plate and the second seat plate, can form a vertical tensile continuous system, which has the function of preventing overturning and preventing beam falling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Attachment Figure 1 This is a front view of the support in Example 1;

[0026] Attachment Figure 2 is a three-dimensional diagram of the support in Example 1;

[0027] Attachment Figure 3 This is a front view of the support in Example 2;

[0028] Attachment Figure 4 is a three-dimensional diagram of the support in Example 2;

[0029] Attachment Figure 5 This is a front view of the support in Example 3;

[0030] Attachment Figure 6 is a three-dimensional diagram of the support in Example 3;

[0031] Attachment Figure 7 This is a front view of the support in Example 4;

[0032] Attachment Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the support in the fourth embodiment;

[0033] Attachment Figure 9 This is a front view of the support in Example 5;

[0034] Attachment Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the support in Example 5;

[0035] Attachment Figure 11 This is a front view of the support in Example 6;

[0036] Attachment Figure 12 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the support in Example 6;

[0037] Attachment Figure 13 This is a front view of the support in Example 7;

[0038] Attachment Figure 14 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the support in Example 7;

[0039] Attachment Figure 15 This is a front view of the support in Example 8;

[0040] Attachment Figure 16 is a three-dimensional diagram of the support in Example 8;

[0041] Attachment Figure 17 This is a front view of the support in Example 9;

[0042] Attachment Figure 18 is a three-dimensional diagram of the support in Example 9;

[0043] Attachment Figure 19 This is a front view of the support in Example 10;

[0044] Attachment Figure 20 is a three-dimensional diagram of the support in Example 10;

[0045] Attachment Figure 21 This is an exploded view of the spherical cap in Example 10;

[0046] Attachment Figure 22 is a three-dimensional diagram of the second seat plate in Example 10;

[0047] Attachment Figure 23 is a three-dimensional diagram of the spherical cap in Example 11;

[0048] Attachment Figure 24 This is an exploded view of the spherical cap in Example 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings:

[0050] Example 1

[0051] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing includes a first seat plate 1, a second seat plate 2, and a spherical crown assembly 3 connected between the first seat plate 1 and the second seat plate 2. The trajectory passed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the first seat plate 1 is a first trajectory (the trajectory line is A). The relative movement of the first seat plate 1 and the spherical crown is used for transverse vibration reduction and isolation. The projection of the first trajectory (the trajectory line is A) on the plane where the upper end surface of the first seat plate 1 is located is the first projection. The width direction of the first projection is the width direction of the first seat plate 1, and the length direction of the first projection is the length direction of the first seat plate 1. The width of the first seat plate 1 is not less than the width of the first projection, and the width of the first projection 1 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the first projection 1. The trajectory that the spherical crown passes when sliding relative to the second seat plate 2 is the second trajectory (trajectory line is B). The relative movement of the second seat plate 2 and the spherical crown is used for shock absorption and isolation in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The projection of the second trajectory (trajectory line is B) on the plane where the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2 is located is the second projection. The width direction of the second projection is the width direction of the second seat plate 2, and the length direction of the second projection is the length direction of the second seat plate 2. The width of the second seat plate 2 is not less than the width of the second projection and the width of the second projection 2 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the second projection 2.

[0052] The first seat plate 1 is positioned above the spherical crown. Matching first guide assemblies 6 are provided on the lower end surface of the first seat plate 1 and the upper end surface of the spherical crown, respectively, for moving the spherical crown relative to the first seat plate 1 along a first trajectory (trajectory line A). The first guide assembly 6 comprises a first guide block 62 and a first guide groove 61. The first guide block 62 is formed on the spherical crown, and the first guide groove 61 is formed on the first seat plate 1. The first guide groove 61 is arcuate and upwardly concave. The upper end surface of the first guide block 62 is an arcuate surface that matches the first guide groove 61. The first guide block 62 includes a friction material 0 embedded in its upper end surface. The surface of the first seat plate 1 opposite the first guide block 62 is provided with mirror-finished stainless steel. The mirror-finished stainless steel and the friction material 0 form a friction pair. The second seat plate 2 is positioned below the spherical crown. Matching second guide assemblies 7 are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the second seat plate 2, respectively, for moving the spherical crown relative to the second seat plate 2 along a second trajectory (trajectory line B). These second guide assemblies 7 include a second guide block 72 and a second guide groove 71. The second guide block 72 is formed on the spherical crown, and the second guide groove 71 is formed on the second seat plate 2. The second guide groove 71 is curved and concave downwardly. The lower end surface of the second guide block 72 is an arcuate surface that matches the second guide groove 71. The second guide block 72 includes friction material 0 embedded in its lower end surface and surrounding surface. The surface of the second guide groove 71 opposite the second guide block 72 is provided with mirror-finished stainless steel. The mirror-finished stainless steel and friction material 0 form a friction pair. The spherical crown assembly 3 includes a first spherical crown 31 and a second spherical crown 32 located below the first spherical crown 31. The lower end surface of the first spherical crown 31 is a downwardly protruding spherical surface, and the upper end surface of the second spherical crown 32 is a spherical surface that matches the first spherical crown 31; a rotation limit pin 8 is formed on one of the lower end surface of the first spherical crown 31 or the upper end surface of the second spherical crown 32, and a rotation limit groove 9 that matches the rotation limit pin 8 is formed on the other. Friction material 0 is provided on the upper and lower end surfaces of the first spherical crown 31 and around the rotation limit pin 8, and mirror stainless steel is provided on the upper end surface of the second spherical crown 32. The mirror stainless steel and friction material 0 constitute a friction pair.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] like Figure 3-4As shown, the high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing includes a first seat plate 1, a second seat plate 2, and a spherical crown assembly 3 connected between the first seat plate 1 and the second seat plate 2. The trajectory passed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the first seat plate 1 is a first trajectory. The relative movement of the first seat plate 1 and the spherical crown is used for transverse vibration reduction and isolation. The projection of the first trajectory on the plane where the upper end surface of the first seat plate 1 is located is a first projection. The width direction of the first projection is the width direction of the first seat plate 1, and the length direction of the first projection is the length direction of the first seat plate 1. The width of the first seat plate 1 is not less than the width of the first projection and the width of the first projection 1 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the first projection 1. The trajectory followed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the second seat plate 2 is the second trajectory. The relative movement of the second seat plate 2 and the spherical crown is used for shock absorption and isolation in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The projection of the second trajectory on the plane where the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2 is located is the second projection. The width direction of the second projection is the width direction of the second seat plate 2, and the length direction of the second projection is the length direction of the second seat plate 2. The width of the second seat plate 2 is not less than the width of the second projection, and the width of the second projection 2 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the second projection 2.

[0055] The first seat plate 1 is positioned above the spherical crown. Matching first guide assemblies 6 are provided on the lower end surface of the first seat plate 1 and the upper end surface of the spherical crown, respectively, for moving the spherical crown along a first trajectory relative to the first seat plate 1. The first guide assembly 6 includes a first guide block 62 and a first guide groove 61. The first guide block 62 is formed on the spherical crown, and the first guide groove 61 is formed on the first seat plate 1. The first guide groove 61 is arc-shaped and upwardly concave. The upper end surface of the first guide block 62 is an arc-shaped surface that matches the first guide groove 61. The first guide block 62 includes a friction material 0 embedded in its upper end surface. The surface of the first seat plate 1 opposite the first guide block 62 is provided with mirror-finished stainless steel. The mirror-finished stainless steel and the friction material 0 form a friction pair. The second seat plate 2 is positioned below the spherical crown. A matching second guide assembly 7 is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the second seat plate 2, for moving the spherical crown along a second trajectory relative to the second seat plate 2. The second guide assembly 7 includes a second guide block 72 and a second guide groove 71. The second guide block 72 is formed on the second seat plate 2, and the second guide groove 71 is formed on the lower surface of the spherical crown. The second guide block 72 is curved and concave downward, while the second guide groove 71 is a matching curved surface. Mirror-finished stainless steel is embedded in the lower surface of the second seat plate 2. Friction material 0 is provided on the lower surface of the second spherical crown 32 opposite the second seat plate 2. The mirror-finished stainless steel and friction material 0 form a friction pair. The spherical crown assembly 3 includes a first spherical crown 31 and a second spherical crown 32 located below the first spherical crown 31. The lower end surface of the first spherical crown 31 is a downwardly protruding spherical surface, and the upper end surface of the second spherical crown 32 is a spherical surface that matches the first spherical crown 31; a rotation limit pin 8 is formed on one of the lower end surface of the first spherical crown 31 or the upper end surface of the second spherical crown 32, and a rotation limit groove 9 that matches the rotation limit pin 8 is formed on the other. Mirror stainless steel is provided on the upper and lower end surfaces of the first spherical crown 31 and around the rotation limit pin 8, and friction material 0 is provided on the upper end surface of the second spherical crown 32. The mirror stainless steel and friction material 0 constitute a friction pair.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] like Figure 5-6As shown, the high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing includes a first seat plate 1, a second seat plate 2, a spherical crown assembly 3 connected between the first seat plate 1 and the second seat plate 2, a lower plane plate 4 fixed relative to the ground, and a speed locker 5 installed between the lower plane plate 4 and the second seat plate 2. The trajectory passed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the first seat plate 1 is a first trajectory. The relative movement of the first seat plate 1 and the spherical crown is used for transverse vibration reduction and isolation. The projection of the first trajectory on the plane where the upper end surface of the first seat plate 1 is located is a first projection. The width direction of the first projection is the width direction of the first seat plate 1, and the length direction of the first projection is the length direction of the first seat plate 1. The width of the first seat plate 1 is not less than the width of the first projection, and the width of the first projection 1 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the first projection 1. The trajectory followed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the second seat plate 2 is the second trajectory. The relative movement of the second seat plate 2 and the spherical crown is used for shock absorption and isolation in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The projection of the second trajectory on the plane where the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2 is located is the second projection. The width direction of the second projection is the width direction of the second seat plate 2, and the length direction of the second projection is the length direction of the second seat plate 2. The width of the second seat plate 2 is not less than the width of the second projection, and the width of the second projection 2 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the second projection 2.

[0058] The first seat plate 1 is positioned above the spherical crown. Matching first guide assemblies 6 are provided on the lower end surface of the first seat plate 1 and the upper end surface of the spherical crown, respectively, for moving the spherical crown along a first trajectory relative to the first seat plate 1. The first guide assembly 6 includes a first guide block 62 and a first guide groove 61. The first guide block 62 is formed on the spherical crown, and the first guide groove 61 is formed on the first seat plate 1. The first guide groove 61 is arc-shaped and upwardly concave. The upper end surface of the first guide block 62 is an arc-shaped surface that matches the first guide groove 61. The first guide block 62 includes a friction material 0 embedded in its upper end surface. The surface of the first seat plate 1 opposite the first guide block 62 is provided with mirror-finished stainless steel. The mirror-finished stainless steel and the friction material 0 form a friction pair. The second seat plate 2 is positioned below the spherical crown. Matching second guide assemblies 7 are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the second seat plate 2, respectively, for moving the spherical crown along a second trajectory relative to the second seat plate 2. These second guide assemblies 7 include a second guide block 72 and a second guide groove 71. The second guide block 72 is formed on the spherical crown, and the second guide groove 71 is formed on the second seat plate 2. The second guide groove 71 is curved and concave downwardly. The lower end surface of the second guide block 72 is a matching curved surface, matching the second guide groove 71. The second guide block 72 includes a friction material 0 embedded in its lower end surface. The end surface of the second seat plate 2 opposite the second guide block 72 is provided with mirror-finished stainless steel. The mirror-finished stainless steel and the friction material 0 form a friction pair. The spherical crown assembly 3 includes a first spherical crown 31 and a second spherical crown 32 located below the first spherical crown 31. The lower end surface of the first spherical crown 31 is a downwardly protruding spherical surface, and the upper end surface of the second spherical crown 32 is a spherical surface that matches the first spherical crown 31; a rotation limit pin 8 is formed on one of the lower end surface of the first spherical crown 31 or the upper end surface of the second spherical crown 32, and a rotation limit groove 9 that matches the rotation limit pin 8 is formed on the other. Mirror stainless steel is provided on the lower end surface of the first spherical crown 31 and around the rotation limit pin 8, and friction material 0 is provided on the upper end surface of the second spherical crown 32. The mirror stainless steel and friction material 0 constitute a friction pair.

[0059] A T-shaped first guide rail 42 is formed on the lower plane plate 4, and a first slide groove 25 with a large belly and a small mouth that matches the first guide rail 42 is formed on the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2. The second seat plate 2 slides on the lower plane plate 4 through the first guide rail 42 and the first slide groove 25 that cooperate with each other. Friction material 0 is provided on the surface of the second seat plate 2 opposite to the lower plane plate 4, and mirror stainless steel is provided on the surface of the lower plane plate 4 opposite to the second seat plate 2. The mirror stainless steel and friction material 0 constitute a friction pair.

[0060] The speed locker 5 includes a piston rod 51 and an outer cylinder 52; the piston rod 51 is fixed on the anchor block 41, the anchor block 41 is fixed on the lower plane plate 4, and the outer cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the anchor block 41 on the second seat plate 2 through a locker mounting block 53 fixed on the side wall of the second seat plate 2.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] like Figure 7-8 As shown, the high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing includes a first seat plate 1, a second seat plate 2, a spherical crown assembly 3 connected between the first seat plate 1 and the second seat plate 2, a lower plane plate 4 fixed relative to the ground, and a speed locker 5 installed between the lower plane plate 4 and the second seat plate 2. The trajectory passed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the first seat plate 1 is a first trajectory. The relative movement of the first seat plate 1 and the spherical crown is used for transverse vibration reduction and isolation. The projection of the first trajectory on the plane where the upper end surface of the first seat plate 1 is located is a first projection. The width direction of the first projection is the width direction of the first seat plate 1, and the length direction of the first projection is the length direction of the first seat plate 1. The width of the first seat plate 1 is not less than the width of the first projection, and the width of the first projection 1 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the first projection 1. The trajectory followed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the second seat plate 2 is the second trajectory. The relative movement of the second seat plate 2 and the spherical crown is used for shock absorption and isolation in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The projection of the second trajectory on the plane where the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2 is located is the second projection. The width direction of the second projection is the width direction of the second seat plate 2, and the length direction of the second projection is the length direction of the second seat plate 2. The width of the second seat plate 2 is not less than the width of the second projection, and the width of the second projection 2 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the second projection 2.

[0063] The first seat plate 1 is positioned above the spherical crown. Matching first guide assemblies 6 are provided on the lower end surface of the first seat plate 1 and the upper end surface of the spherical crown, respectively, for moving the spherical crown along a first trajectory relative to the first seat plate 1. The first guide assembly 6 includes a first guide block 62 and a first guide groove 61. The first guide block 62 is formed on the spherical crown, and the first guide groove 61 is formed on the first seat plate 1. The first guide groove 61 is arc-shaped and upwardly concave. The upper end surface of the first guide block 62 is an arc-shaped surface that matches the first guide groove 61. The first guide block 62 includes a friction material 0 embedded in its upper end surface. The surface of the first seat plate 1 opposite the first guide block 62 is provided with mirror-finished stainless steel. The mirror-finished stainless steel and the friction material 0 form a friction pair. The second seat plate 2 is positioned below the spherical crown. Matching second guide assemblies 7 are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the second seat plate 2, respectively, for moving the spherical crown along a second trajectory relative to the second seat plate 2. These second guide assemblies 7 include a second guide block 72 and a second guide groove 71. The second guide block 72 is formed on the spherical crown, and the second guide groove 71 is formed on the second seat plate 2. The second guide groove 71 is curved and concave downwardly. The lower end surface of the second guide block 72 is a matching curved surface, matching the second guide groove 71. The second guide block 72 includes a friction material 0 embedded in its lower end surface. The end surface of the second seat plate 2 opposite the second guide block 72 is provided with mirror-finished stainless steel. The mirror-finished stainless steel and the friction material 0 form a friction pair.

[0064] From top to bottom, the spherical cap assembly 3 comprises, in order, a first spherical cap 31, an intermediate spherical cap 33, and a second spherical cap 32. The lower end surface of the first spherical cap 31 is formed with a first retaining groove 311, and the upper end surface of the second spherical cap 32 is formed with a second retaining groove 321. The upper end of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is positioned within the first retaining groove 311, and the lower end of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is positioned within the second retaining groove 321. The intermediate spherical cap 33 is divided into three parts, with gaps between the first spherical cap 31, the second spherical cap 32, and the intermediate spherical cap 33. This allows for perfect adaptation to the horizontal and vertical rotation requirements of the bridge structure and multi-stage frictional energy dissipation. The upper sidewall of the first retaining groove 311 is spherically concave toward the upper end surface of the first spherical cap 31. The upper end surface of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is spherically convex and conforms to the upper sidewall of the first retaining groove 311. The upper end circumference of the intermediate spherical cap 33 protrudes radially outward from the intermediate spherical cap 33 to form a first retaining ring 331. The first retaining ring 331 cooperates with the first retaining groove 311 to prevent the intermediate spherical cap 33 from falling out of the first retaining groove 311. The thickness of the first retaining ring 331 decreases from the inside to the outside, providing space for relative tilting and swinging between the first retaining ring 331 and the first retaining groove 311. The lower end circumference of the intermediate spherical cap 33 protrudes radially outward from the intermediate spherical cap 33 to form a second retaining ring 332. The second retaining ring 332 cooperates with the second retaining groove 321 to prevent the intermediate spherical cap 33 from falling out of the second retaining groove 321. The thickness of the second limiting ring 332 decreases from the inside to the outside, providing space for relative tilting and swinging between the second limiting ring 332 and the second limiting groove 321, thereby achieving multi-stage frictional energy dissipation. Friction material 0 is provided in the first limiting groove 311 and the second limiting groove 321, respectively, forming a friction pair with the mirror-finished stainless steel on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate spherical crown 33, respectively, to reduce friction between the first spherical crown 31 and the intermediate spherical crown 33, and between the second spherical crown 32 and the intermediate spherical crown 33.

[0065] Example 5

[0066] like Figure 9-10As shown, the high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing includes a first seat plate 1, a second seat plate 2, and a spherical crown assembly 3 connected between the first seat plate 1 and the second seat plate 2. The trajectory passed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the first seat plate 1 is a first trajectory. The relative movement of the first seat plate 1 and the spherical crown is used for transverse vibration reduction and isolation. The projection of the first trajectory on the plane where the upper end surface of the first seat plate 1 is located is a first projection. The width direction of the first projection is the width direction of the first seat plate 1, and the length direction of the first projection is the length direction of the first seat plate 1. The width of the first seat plate 1 is not less than the width of the first projection, and the width of the first projection 1 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the first projection 1. The trajectory followed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the second seat plate 2 is the second trajectory. The relative movement of the second seat plate 2 and the spherical crown is used for shock absorption and isolation in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The projection of the second trajectory on the plane where the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2 is located is the second projection. The width direction of the second projection is the width direction of the second seat plate 2, and the length direction of the second projection is the length direction of the second seat plate 2. The width of the second seat plate 2 is not less than the width of the second projection, and the width of the second projection 2 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the second projection 2.

[0067] The first seat plate 1 is positioned above the spherical crown. Matching first guide assemblies 6 are provided on the lower end surface of the first seat plate 1 and the upper end surface of the spherical crown, respectively, for moving the spherical crown along a first trajectory relative to the first seat plate 1. The first guide assembly 6 comprises a first guide block 62 and a first guide groove 61. The first guide groove 61 is formed on the spherical crown, and the first guide block 62 is formed on the first seat plate 1. The upper end surface of the first guide block 62 is curved and upwardly concave, and the bottom of the first guide groove 61 is a curved surface that matches the first guide block 62. Friction material 0 is embedded in the upper end surface of the first spherical crown. The end surface of the first seat plate opposite the first spherical crown is coated with mirror-finished stainless steel. The mirror-finished stainless steel and friction material 0 form a friction pair. The second seat plate 2 is positioned below the spherical cap. Matching second guide assemblies 7 are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the second seat plate 2, respectively, for moving the spherical cap along a second trajectory relative to the second seat plate 2. These second guide assemblies 7 include second guide blocks 72 and second guide grooves 71. The second guide blocks 72 are formed on the second seat plate 2, while the second guide grooves 71 are formed on the spherical cap. The bottom of the second guide grooves 71 is curved and concave downwardly, while the upper surfaces of the second guide blocks 72 are curved to match the second guide grooves 71. Friction material 0 is embedded in the lower surfaces of the spherical cap, located on either side of the second guide blocks. Mirror-finished stainless steel is embedded in the upper surfaces of the second seat plate, located on either side of the second guide blocks. The mirror-finished stainless steel and friction material 0 form a friction pair.

[0068] From top to bottom, the spherical cap assembly 3 comprises, in order, a first spherical cap 31, an intermediate spherical cap 33, and a second spherical cap 32. The lower end surface of the first spherical cap 31 is formed with a first retaining groove 311, and the upper end surface of the second spherical cap 32 is formed with a second retaining groove 321. The upper end of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is positioned within the first retaining groove 311, and the lower end of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is positioned within the second retaining groove 321. The intermediate spherical cap 33 is divided into three parts, with gaps between the first spherical cap 31, the second spherical cap 32, and the intermediate spherical cap 33. This allows for perfect adaptation to the horizontal and vertical rotation requirements of the bridge structure and multi-stage frictional energy dissipation. The upper sidewall of the first retaining groove 311 is spherically concave toward the upper end surface of the first spherical cap 31. The upper end surface of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is spherically convex and conforms to the upper sidewall of the first retaining groove 311. The upper end circumference of the intermediate spherical cap 33 protrudes radially outward from the intermediate spherical cap 33 to form a first retaining ring 331. The first retaining ring 331 cooperates with the first retaining groove 311 to prevent the intermediate spherical cap 33 from falling out of the first retaining groove 311. The thickness of the first retaining ring 331 decreases from the inside to the outside, providing space for relative tilting and swinging between the first retaining ring 331 and the first retaining groove 311. The lower end circumference of the intermediate spherical cap 33 protrudes radially outward from the intermediate spherical cap 33 to form a second retaining ring 332. The second retaining ring 332 cooperates with the second retaining groove 321 to prevent the intermediate spherical cap 33 from falling out of the second retaining groove 321. The thickness of the second limiting ring 332 decreases from the inside to the outside, providing space for relative tilting and swinging between the second limiting ring 332 and the second limiting groove 321, thereby achieving multi-stage frictional energy dissipation. Friction material 0 is provided in the first limiting groove 311 and the second limiting groove 321, respectively, forming a friction pair with the mirror-finished stainless steel on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate spherical crown 33, respectively, to reduce friction between the first spherical crown 31 and the intermediate spherical crown 33, and between the second spherical crown 32 and the intermediate spherical crown 33.

[0069] A square sliding frame 44 is formed on the lower plane plate 4, the length and width of which are respectively larger than the length and width of the second seat plate 2. Friction material 0 is embedded on the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2. Mirror stainless steel is provided on the end surface of the lower plane plate 4 opposite to the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2. The mirror stainless steel and friction material 0 constitute a friction pair.

[0070] The speed locker 5 includes a piston rod 51 and an outer cylinder 52; the piston rod 51 is fixed on the anchor block 41, the anchor block 41 is fixed on the lower plane plate 4, and the outer cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the second seat plate 2 through a locker mounting block 53 fixed on the side wall of the second seat plate 2.

[0071] Example 6

[0072] like Figure 11-12As shown, the high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing includes a first seat plate 1, a second seat plate 2, and a spherical crown assembly 3 connected between the first seat plate 1 and the second seat plate 2. The trajectory passed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the first seat plate 1 is a first trajectory. The relative movement of the first seat plate 1 and the spherical crown is used for transverse vibration reduction and isolation. The projection of the first trajectory on the plane where the upper end surface of the first seat plate 1 is located is a first projection. The width direction of the first projection is the width direction of the first seat plate 1, and the length direction of the first projection is the length direction of the first seat plate 1. The width of the first seat plate 1 is not less than the width of the first projection, and the width of the first projection 1 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the first projection 1. The trajectory followed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the second seat plate 2 is the second trajectory. The relative movement of the second seat plate 2 and the spherical crown is used for shock absorption and isolation in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The projection of the second trajectory on the plane where the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2 is located is the second projection. The width direction of the second projection is the width direction of the second seat plate 2, and the length direction of the second projection is the length direction of the second seat plate 2. The width of the second seat plate 2 is not less than the width of the second projection, and the width of the second projection 2 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the second projection 2.

[0073] The first seat plate 1 is positioned above the spherical crown. Matching first guide assemblies 6 are provided on the lower and upper surfaces of the first seat plate 1, respectively, for moving the spherical crown along a first trajectory relative to the first seat plate 1. The first guide assembly 6 comprises a first guide block 62 and a first guide groove 61. The first guide groove 61 is formed on the spherical crown, and the first guide block 62 is formed on the first seat plate 1. The lower end surface of the first guide block 62 is curved and upwardly concave, while the upper end surface of the bottom of the first guide groove 61 is a matching curved surface that matches the first guide groove 61. Friction material 0 is embedded in the upper end surfaces of the spherical crown on either side of the first guide block 62. The lower end surfaces of the first seat plate 1 on either side of the first guide block 62 are provided with mirrored stainless steel. The mirrored stainless steel and friction material 0 form a friction pair. The second seat plate 2 is positioned below the spherical crown. Matching second guide assemblies 7 are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the second seat plate 2, respectively, for moving the spherical crown along a second trajectory relative to the second seat plate 2. The second guide assembly 7 includes a second guide block 72 and a second guide groove 71. The second guide groove 71 is formed on the spherical crown, and the second guide block 72 is formed on the second seat plate 2. The bottom 71 of the second guide groove is curved and concave downwardly. The upper end surface of the second guide block 72 is a curved surface that matches the second guide groove 71. Friction material 0 is provided on the lower end surfaces of the spherical crown, located on either side of the second guide block 72. Mirror-finished stainless steel is provided on the upper end surfaces of the second seat plate, located on either side of the second guide block 72. The mirror-finished stainless steel and friction material 0 form a friction pair.

[0074] From top to bottom, the spherical cap assembly 3 comprises, in order, a first spherical cap 31, an intermediate spherical cap 33, and a second spherical cap 32. The lower end surface of the first spherical cap 31 is formed with a first retaining groove 311, and the upper end surface of the second spherical cap 32 is formed with a second retaining groove 321. The upper end of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is positioned within the first retaining groove 311, and the lower end of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is positioned within the second retaining groove 321. The intermediate spherical cap 33 is divided into three parts, with gaps between the first spherical cap 31, the second spherical cap 32, and the intermediate spherical cap 33. This allows for perfect adaptation to the horizontal and vertical rotation requirements of the bridge structure and multi-stage frictional energy dissipation. The upper sidewall of the first retaining groove 311 is spherically concave toward the upper end surface of the first spherical cap 31. The upper end surface of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is spherically convex and conforms to the upper sidewall of the first retaining groove 311. The upper end circumference of the intermediate spherical cap 33 protrudes radially outward from the intermediate spherical cap 33 to form a first retaining ring 331. The first retaining ring 331 cooperates with the first retaining groove 311 to prevent the intermediate spherical cap 33 from falling out of the first retaining groove 311. The thickness of the first retaining ring 331 decreases from the inside to the outside, providing space for relative tilting and swinging between the first retaining ring 331 and the first retaining groove 311. The lower end circumference of the intermediate spherical cap 33 protrudes radially outward from the intermediate spherical cap 33 to form a second retaining ring 332. The second retaining ring 332 cooperates with the second retaining groove 321 to prevent the intermediate spherical cap 33 from falling out of the second retaining groove 321. The thickness of the second limiting ring 332 decreases from the inside to the outside, providing space for relative tilting and swinging between the second limiting ring 332 and the second limiting groove 321, thereby achieving multi-stage frictional energy dissipation. Friction material 0 is provided in the first limiting groove 311 and the second limiting groove 321, respectively, forming a friction pair with the mirror-finished stainless steel on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate spherical crown 33, respectively, to reduce friction between the first spherical crown 31 and the intermediate spherical crown 33, and between the second spherical crown 32 and the intermediate spherical crown 33.

[0075] A first guide rail 42 is formed on the lower plane plate 4, and a first slide groove 25 matching the first guide rail 42 is formed on the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2. The second seat plate 2 slides on the lower plane plate 4 through the first guide rail 42 and the first slide groove 25 that cooperate with each other. Friction material 0 is provided on the surface of the second seat plate 2 opposite to the lower plane plate 4, and mirror stainless steel is provided on the surface of the lower plane plate 4 opposite to the second seat plate 2. The mirror stainless steel and friction material 0 constitute a friction pair.

[0076] The speed locker 5 includes a piston rod 51 and an outer cylinder 52; the piston rod 51 is fixed on the anchor block 41, the anchor block 41 is fixed on the lower plane plate 4, and the outer cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the second seat plate 2 through a locker mounting block 53 fixed on the side wall of the second seat plate 2.

[0077] Example 7

[0078] like Figure 13-14 As shown, the high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing includes a first seat plate 1, a second seat plate 2, a spherical crown assembly 3 connected between the first seat plate 1 and the second seat plate 2, a lower plane plate 4 fixed relative to the ground, and a speed locker 5 installed between the lower plane plate 4 and the second seat plate 2. The trajectory passed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the first seat plate 1 is a first trajectory. The relative movement of the first seat plate 1 and the spherical crown is used for transverse vibration reduction and isolation. The projection of the first trajectory on the plane where the upper end surface of the first seat plate 1 is located is a first projection. The width direction of the first projection is the width direction of the first seat plate 1, and the length direction of the first projection is the length direction of the first seat plate 1. The width of the first seat plate 1 is not less than the width of the first projection, and the width of the first projection 1 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the first projection 1. The trajectory followed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the second seat plate 2 is the second trajectory. The relative movement of the second seat plate 2 and the spherical crown is used for shock absorption and isolation in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The projection of the second trajectory on the plane where the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2 is located is the second projection. The width direction of the second projection is the width direction of the second seat plate 2, and the length direction of the second projection is the length direction of the second seat plate 2. The width of the second seat plate 2 is not less than the width of the second projection, and the width of the second projection 2 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the second projection 2.

[0079] The first seat plate 1 is positioned above the spherical crown. A matching first guide assembly 6 is provided on the lower end surface of the first seat plate 1 and the upper end surface of the spherical crown, configured to move the spherical crown along a first trajectory relative to the first seat plate 1. The first guide assembly 6 comprises a first guide block 62 and a first guide groove 61. The first guide block 62 is formed on the lower end surface of the first seat plate 1, and the first guide groove 61 is formed on the spherical crown. The first guide groove 61 is arc-shaped and upwardly concave. The lower end surface of the first guide block 62 is an arc-shaped surface that matches the first guide groove 61. Friction material 0 is embedded on the end surface of the spherical crown opposite the first seat plate 1. The end surface of the first guide block 62 opposite the bottom of the first guide groove 61 is provided with mirror-finished stainless steel. The mirror-finished stainless steel and friction material 0 form a friction pair. The second seat plate 2 is positioned below the spherical crown. A matching second guide assembly 7 is provided on the upper end surface of the second seat plate 2 and the lower end surface of the spherical crown, for moving the spherical crown along a second trajectory relative to the second seat plate 2. The second guide assembly 7 includes a second guide block 72 and a second guide slot 71. The second guide block 72 is formed on the second seat plate 2, and the second guide slot 71 is formed on the spherical crown. The upper end surface of the second guide block 72 is curved and concave downwardly, while the second guide slot 71 is a curved surface that matches the second guide block 72. The second guide block 72 is slidably connected within the second guide slot 71, and a friction material 0 is provided within the second guide slot 71. The upper end surface of the second guide block 72, opposite the bottom of the second guide slot 71, is provided with mirrored stainless steel. The mirrored stainless steel and the friction material 0 form a friction pair.

[0080] From top to bottom, the spherical cap assembly 3 comprises, in order, a first spherical cap 31, an intermediate spherical cap 33, and a second spherical cap 32. The lower end surface of the first spherical cap 31 is formed with a first retaining groove 311, and the upper end surface of the second spherical cap 32 is formed with a second retaining groove 321. The upper end of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is positioned within the first retaining groove 311, and the lower end of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is positioned within the second retaining groove 321. The intermediate spherical cap 33 is divided into three parts, with gaps between the first spherical cap 31, the second spherical cap 32, and the intermediate spherical cap 33. This allows for perfect adaptation to the horizontal and vertical rotation requirements of the bridge structure and multi-stage frictional energy dissipation. The upper sidewall of the first retaining groove 311 is spherically concave toward the upper end surface of the first spherical cap 31. The upper end surface of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is spherically convex and conforms to the upper sidewall of the first retaining groove 311. The upper end circumference of the intermediate spherical cap 33 protrudes radially outward from the intermediate spherical cap 33 to form a first retaining ring 331. The first retaining ring 331 cooperates with the first retaining groove 311 to prevent the intermediate spherical cap 33 from falling out of the first retaining groove 311. The thickness of the first retaining ring 331 decreases from the inside to the outside, providing space for relative tilting and swinging between the first retaining ring 331 and the first retaining groove 311. The lower end circumference of the intermediate spherical cap 33 protrudes radially outward from the intermediate spherical cap 33 to form a second retaining ring 332. The second retaining ring 332 cooperates with the second retaining groove 321 to prevent the intermediate spherical cap 33 from falling out of the second retaining groove 321. The thickness of the second limiting ring 332 decreases from the inside to the outside, providing space for relative tilting and swinging between the second limiting ring 332 and the second limiting groove 321, thereby achieving multi-stage frictional energy dissipation. Friction material 0 is provided in the first limiting groove 311 and the second limiting groove 321, respectively, forming a friction pair with the mirror-finished stainless steel on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate spherical crown 33, respectively, to reduce friction between the first spherical crown 31 and the intermediate spherical crown 33, and between the second spherical crown 32 and the intermediate spherical crown 33.

[0081] Example 8

[0082] like Figure 15-16As shown, the high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing includes a first seat plate 1, a second seat plate 2, a spherical crown assembly 3 connected between the first seat plate 1 and the second seat plate 2, a lower plane plate 4 fixed relative to the ground, and a speed locker 5 installed between the lower plane plate 4 and the second seat plate 2. The trajectory passed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the first seat plate 1 is a first trajectory. The relative movement of the first seat plate 1 and the spherical crown is used for transverse vibration reduction and isolation. The projection of the first trajectory on the plane where the upper end surface of the first seat plate 1 is located is a first projection. The width direction of the first projection is the width direction of the first seat plate 1, and the length direction of the first projection is the length direction of the first seat plate 1. The width of the first seat plate 1 is not less than the width of the first projection, and the width of the first projection 1 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the first projection 1. The trajectory followed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the second seat plate 2 is the second trajectory. The relative movement of the second seat plate 2 and the spherical crown is used for shock absorption and isolation in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The projection of the second trajectory on the plane where the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2 is located is the second projection. The width direction of the second projection is the width direction of the second seat plate 2, and the length direction of the second projection is the length direction of the second seat plate 2. The width of the second seat plate 2 is not less than the width of the second projection, and the width of the second projection 2 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the second projection 2.

[0083] The first seat plate 1 is positioned above the spherical crown. A matching first guide assembly 6 is provided on the lower end surface of the first seat plate 1 and the upper end surface of the spherical crown, configured to move the spherical crown along a first trajectory relative to the first seat plate 1. The first guide assembly 6 comprises a first guide block 62 and a first guide groove 61. The first guide block 62 is formed on the lower end surface of the first seat plate 1, and the first guide groove 61 is formed on the spherical crown. The first guide groove 61 is arc-shaped and upwardly concave. The lower end surface of the first guide block 62 is an arc-shaped surface that matches the first guide groove 61. Friction material 0 is embedded on the end surface of the spherical crown opposite the first seat plate 1. The end surface of the first guide block 62 opposite the bottom of the first guide groove 61 is provided with mirror-finished stainless steel. The mirror-finished stainless steel and friction material 0 form a friction pair. The second seat plate 2 is positioned below the spherical crown. A matching second guide assembly 7 is provided on the upper end surface of the second seat plate 2 and the lower end surface of the spherical crown, for moving the spherical crown along a second trajectory relative to the second seat plate 2. The second guide assembly 7 includes a second guide block 72 and a second guide slot 71. The second guide block 72 is formed on the second seat plate 2, and the second guide slot 71 is formed on the spherical crown. The upper end surface of the second guide block 72 is curved and concave downwardly, while the second guide slot 71 is a curved surface that matches the second guide block 72. The second guide block 72 is slidably connected within the second guide slot 71, and a friction material 0 is provided within the second guide slot 71. The upper end surface of the second guide block 72, opposite the bottom of the second guide slot 71, is provided with mirrored stainless steel. The mirrored stainless steel and the friction material 0 form a friction pair.

[0084] From top to bottom, the spherical cap assembly 3 comprises, in order, a first spherical cap 31, an intermediate spherical cap 33, and a second spherical cap 32. A first retaining groove 311 is formed on the lower end surface of the first spherical cap 31, while a second retaining groove 321 is formed on the upper end surface of the second spherical cap 32. Both the first retaining groove 311 and the second retaining groove 321 are shaped like a large belly with a small mouth. The upper end of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is positioned within the first retaining groove 311, while the lower end of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is positioned within the second retaining groove 321. The intermediate spherical cap 33 is divided into three parts, with a gap between the first spherical cap 31, the second spherical cap 32, and the intermediate spherical cap 33. This allows for perfect adaptation to the horizontal and vertical rotation requirements of the bridge structure and enables multi-stage frictional energy dissipation. The upper side wall of the first limiting groove 311 is spherical and concave toward the upper end face of the first spherical crown 31. The upper end face of the intermediate spherical crown 33 is spherical and convex and adapted to the upper side wall of the first limiting groove 311. The circumferential surface of the upper end portion of the intermediate spherical crown 33 protrudes outward in the radial direction of the intermediate spherical crown 33 and forms a first limiting ring 331. The first limiting ring 331 cooperates with the first limiting groove 311 to prevent the intermediate spherical crown 33 from falling off from the first limiting groove 311. The thickness of the first limiting ring 331 decreases from the inside to the outside, providing space for relative tilt and swing between the first limiting ring 331 and the first limiting groove 311. The circumferential surface of the lower end of the intermediate spherical crown 33 protrudes outward along the radial direction of the intermediate spherical crown 33 and forms a second limiting ring 332. The second limiting ring 332 cooperates with the second limiting groove 321 to prevent the intermediate spherical crown 33 from falling off from the second limiting groove 321. The lower side wall of the second limiting groove 321 is a plane. The diameter of the second limiting ring 332 is smaller than the diameter of the notch of the second limiting groove 321. The height of the second limiting ring 332 is smaller than the thickness of the belly of the second limiting groove 321, providing space for relative tilt and swing between the second limiting ring 332 and the second limiting groove 321, so as to better achieve multi-stage friction energy dissipation. The first limiting groove 311 and the second limiting groove 321 are respectively provided with friction material 0 and form friction pairs with the mirror stainless steel on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the intermediate spherical crown 33, respectively, for reducing the friction between the first spherical crown 31 and the intermediate spherical crown 33 and between the second spherical crown 32 and the intermediate spherical crown 33.

[0085] Embodiment 9

[0086] like Figure 17-18As shown, the high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing includes a first seat plate 1, a second seat plate 2, a spherical crown assembly 3 connected between the first seat plate 1 and the second seat plate 2, a lower plane plate 4 fixed relative to the ground, and a speed locker 5 installed between the lower plane plate 4 and the second seat plate 2. The trajectory passed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the first seat plate 1 is a first trajectory. The relative movement of the first seat plate 1 and the spherical crown is used for transverse vibration reduction and isolation. The projection of the first trajectory on the plane where the upper end surface of the first seat plate 1 is located is a first projection. The width direction of the first projection is the width direction of the first seat plate 1, and the length direction of the first projection is the length direction of the first seat plate 1. The width of the first seat plate 1 is not less than the width of the first projection, and the width of the first projection 1 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the first projection 1. The trajectory followed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the second seat plate 2 is the second trajectory. The relative movement of the second seat plate 2 and the spherical crown is used for shock absorption and isolation in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The projection of the second trajectory on the plane where the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2 is located is the second projection. The width direction of the second projection is the width direction of the second seat plate 2, and the length direction of the second projection is the length direction of the second seat plate 2. The width of the second seat plate 2 is not less than the width of the second projection, and the width of the second projection 2 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the second projection 2.

[0087] The first seat plate 1 is positioned above the spherical crown. A matching first guide assembly 6 is provided on the lower end surface of the first seat plate 1 and the upper end surface of the spherical crown, for moving the spherical crown along a first trajectory relative to the first seat plate 1. The first guide assembly 6 includes a first guide block 62 and a first guide groove 61. The first guide block 62 is formed on the spherical crown, and the first guide groove 61 is formed on the first seat plate 1. The first guide block 62 is formed on the lower end surface of the first seat plate 1, and the first guide groove 61 is formed on the spherical crown. The first guide groove 61 is arc-shaped and upwardly concave. The lower end surface of the first guide block 62 is an arc-shaped surface that matches the first guide groove 61. Friction material 0 is embedded on the end surface of the spherical crown opposite the first seat plate 1. Mirror-finished stainless steel is provided on the end surface of the first guide block 62 opposite the bottom of the first guide groove 61. The mirror-finished stainless steel and friction material 0 form a friction pair. The second seat plate 2 is located below the spherical crown. The upper end surface of the second seat plate 2 and the lower end surface of the spherical crown are provided with a matching second guide assembly 7 for moving the spherical crown along a second track relative to the second seat plate 2. The second guide assembly 7 includes a second guide block 72 and a second guide groove 71. The upper end surface of the second guide block 72 is arc-shaped and concave downward. The second guide groove 71 is an arc-shaped surface matching the second guide block 72. The second guide block 72 is slidably connected to the second guide groove 71, and the second guide groove 71 is provided with friction material 0. The upper end surface of the second guide block 72 opposite to the bottom of the second guide groove 71 is provided with mirror stainless steel. The mirror stainless steel and friction material 0 constitute a friction pair.

[0088] From top to bottom, the spherical cap assembly 3 comprises, in order, a first spherical cap 31, an intermediate spherical cap 33, and a second spherical cap 32. A first retaining groove 311 is formed on the lower end surface of the first spherical cap 31, while a second retaining groove 321 is formed on the upper end surface of the second spherical cap 32. The second retaining groove 321 is shaped like a large belly with a small mouth. The upper end of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is positioned within the first retaining groove 311, while the lower end of the intermediate spherical cap 33 is positioned within the second retaining groove 321. The intermediate spherical cap 33 is divided into three parts, with gaps between the first spherical cap 31, the second spherical cap 32, and the intermediate spherical cap 33. This allows for perfect adaptation to the horizontal and vertical rotation requirements of the bridge structure and enables multi-stage frictional energy dissipation. The upper side wall of the first limiting groove 311 is spherical and concave toward the upper end face of the first spherical crown 31. The upper end face of the intermediate spherical crown 33 is spherical and convex and adapted to the upper side wall of the first limiting groove 311. The circumferential surface of the upper end portion of the intermediate spherical crown 33 protrudes outward in the radial direction of the intermediate spherical crown 33 and forms a first limiting ring 331. The first limiting ring 331 cooperates with the first limiting groove 311 to prevent the intermediate spherical crown 33 from falling off from the first limiting groove 311. The thickness of the first limiting ring 331 decreases from the inside to the outside, providing space for relative tilt and swing between the first limiting ring 331 and the first limiting groove 311. The circumferential surface of the lower end of the intermediate spherical crown 33 protrudes outward along the radial direction of the intermediate spherical crown 33 and forms a second limiting ring 332. The second limiting ring 332 cooperates with the second limiting groove 321 to prevent the intermediate spherical crown 33 from falling off from the second limiting groove 321. The lower side wall of the second limiting groove 321 is a plane. The diameter of the second limiting ring 332 is smaller than the diameter of the notch of the second limiting groove 321. The height of the second limiting ring 332 is smaller than the thickness of the belly of the second limiting groove 321, providing space for relative tilt and swing between the second limiting ring 332 and the second limiting groove 321, so as to better achieve multi-stage friction energy dissipation. The first limiting groove 311 and the second limiting groove 321 are respectively provided with friction material 0 and form friction pairs with the mirror stainless steel on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the intermediate spherical crown 33, respectively, for reducing the friction between the first spherical crown 31 and the intermediate spherical crown 33 and between the second spherical crown 32 and the intermediate spherical crown 33.

[0089] Example 10

[0090] like Figure 19-22As shown, the high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing includes a first seat plate 1, a second seat plate 2, a spherical crown assembly 3 connected between the first seat plate 1 and the second seat plate 2, a lower plane plate 4 fixed relative to the ground, and a speed locker 5 installed between the lower plane plate 4 and the second seat plate 2. The trajectory passed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the first seat plate 1 is a first trajectory. The relative movement of the first seat plate 1 and the spherical crown is used for transverse vibration reduction and isolation. The projection of the first trajectory on the plane where the upper end surface of the first seat plate 1 is located is a first projection. The width direction of the first projection is the width direction of the first seat plate 1, and the length direction of the first projection is the length direction of the first seat plate 1. The width of the first seat plate 1 is not less than the width of the first projection, and the width of the first projection 1 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the first projection 1. The trajectory followed by the spherical crown when sliding relative to the second seat plate 2 is the second trajectory. The relative movement of the second seat plate 2 and the spherical crown is used for shock absorption and isolation in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The projection of the second trajectory on the plane where the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2 is located is the second projection. The width direction of the second projection is the width direction of the second seat plate 2, and the length direction of the second projection is the length direction of the second seat plate 2. The width of the second seat plate 2 is not less than the width of the second projection, and the width of the second projection 2 is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the second projection 2.

[0091] The first seat plate 1 is positioned above the spherical crown. Matching first guide assemblies 6 are provided on the lower end surface of the first seat plate 1 and the upper end surface of the spherical crown, respectively, for moving the spherical crown along a first trajectory relative to the first seat plate 1. The first guide assembly 6 comprises a first guide block 62 and a first guide groove 61. The first guide block 62 is formed on the spherical crown, and the first guide groove 61 is formed on the first seat plate 1. The first guide groove 61 is arc-shaped and upwardly concave. The upper end surface of the first guide block 62 is an arc-shaped surface that matches the first guide groove 61. The first guide block 62 includes a friction material 0 embedded in its upper end surface. The end surface of the first seat plate 1 opposite the first guide block 62 is provided with mirror-finished stainless steel. The mirror-finished stainless steel and the friction material 0 form a friction pair. The second seat plate 2 is positioned below the spherical crown. Matching second guide assemblies 7 are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the second seat plate 2, respectively, for moving the spherical crown along a second trajectory relative to the second seat plate 2. These second guide assemblies 7 include a second guide block 72 and a second guide groove 71. The second guide block 72 is formed on the spherical crown, and the second guide groove 71 is formed on the second seat plate 2. The second guide groove 71 is curved and concave downwardly. The lower end surface of the second guide block 72 is a matching curved surface that matches the second guide groove 71. The second guide block 72 includes friction material 0 embedded in its lower end surface. The end surface of the second seat plate 2 opposite the second guide block 72 is provided with mirrored stainless steel. The mirrored stainless steel and friction material 0 form a friction pair. The spherical crown assembly 3 includes a first spherical crown 31 and a second spherical crown 32 located below the first spherical crown 31. The lower end surface of the first spherical crown 31 is a downwardly protruding spherical surface, and the upper end surface of the second spherical crown 32 is a spherical surface that matches the first spherical crown 31; a rotation limit pin 8 is formed on one of the lower end surface of the first spherical crown 31 or the upper end surface of the second spherical crown 32, and a rotation limit groove 9 that matches the rotation limit pin 8 is formed on the other. Friction material 0 is provided on the upper end surface of the second spherical crown 32 and around the rotation limit pin 8, and mirror stainless steel is provided on the lower end surface of the first spherical crown 31. The mirror stainless steel and friction material 0 constitute a friction pair. The rotation limit pin 8 includes an intermediate rotation shaft 81 and a key-type rotation shaft tensile block 82 protruding from the circumference of the lower end of the intermediate rotation shaft 81. The rotation limit groove 9 of the second spherical crown 32 includes an upper rotation limit groove 91 and a lower rotation limit groove 92 that match the key-type rotation shaft tensile block 82 and the rotation limit pin 8. The lower rotation limit groove 92 allows the lower end of the rotation limit pin 8 to rotate therein. The rotation limit pin 8 can only be disengaged in the position opposite to the upper rotation limit groove 91, thereby realizing the tensile function of the first spherical crown 31 and the second spherical crown 32. The situation of bridge beams falling after earthquakes is widespread. The traditional friction pendulum bearing is a vertical tensile discontinuous component without the function of preventing lift-off and overturning. When the earthquake action is large, there is a risk of overturning and falling of the beam end.

[0092] A T-shaped first guide rail 42 is formed on the lower plane plate 4, and a first slide groove 25 with a large belly and a small mouth that matches the first guide rail 42 is formed on the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2. The second seat plate 2 slides on the lower plane plate 4 through the first guide rail 42 and the first slide groove 25 that cooperate with each other.

[0093] By means of the tensile cooperation of the first guide block 62 and the first guide groove 61 between the first seat plate 1 and the first spherical crown 31, by means of the tensile cooperation of the second guide block 72 and the second guide groove 71 between the second seat plate 2 and the second spherical crown 33, by means of the tensile cooperation of the first guide rail 42 of the lower plane plate 4 and the first slide groove 25 with a large belly and a small mouth on the lower end surface of the second seat plate 2, and by means of the key-type rotating shaft tensile block and the rotation limit groove, a vertical tensile continuous system is formed, which has the functions of anti-overturning and anti-beam falling.

[0094] The speed locker 5 includes a piston rod 51 and an outer cylinder 52; the piston rod 51 is fixed on the anchor block 41, the anchor block 41 is fixed on the lower plane plate 4, and the outer cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the second seat plate 2 through a locker mounting block 53 fixed on the side wall of the second seat plate 2.

[0095] Example 11

[0096] like Figure 23-24 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the tenth embodiment is that the circumferences of the upper rotation limiting groove 91 and the lower rotation limiting groove 92 are spaced apart to form an open shape.

[0097] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0098] (1) The useless parts of the first and second seat plates are cut off, and the optimized structure saves the material cost and manufacturing cost of the bearing; at the same time, the size of the bridge pier corresponding to the bearing can be reduced, reducing the overall construction cost of the bridge project.

[0099] (2) By adopting the principles of time separation, space separation, function separation and other inventive problem solving theories, the effective separation of the seismic isolation function, the rotation function and the sliding function is achieved, the wear of the friction pair is reduced and the service life of the bearing is extended.

[0100] (3) This bearing is a multi-stage energy dissipation device that can be performance-based designed according to the different seismic isolation requirements in the transverse and longitudinal directions of the bridge, optimize bridge structural components, and reduce project construction and construction costs.

[0101] (4) The introduced plane sliding pair solves the problem of the friction pendulum bearing lifting the bridge structure when it is often used, and solves the problem of driving comfort of the bridge structure.

[0102] (5) The speed locker introduced perfectly solves the needs of constant use of the support and seismic isolation during earthquakes.

[0103] (6) The middle spherical cap is decomposed into two parts (or three parts) with gaps between the spherical cap parts, which perfectly adapts to the needs of horizontal and vertical rotation of the bridge structure and can achieve multi-level friction energy dissipation.

[0104] (7) A tensile strength component is set between the support and the middle spherical crown to form a vertical tensile strength continuous system, which has the function of preventing overturning and falling beams.

[0105] (8) The support is more reasonable and efficient: In Examples 1-3 and 10-11, a rotation limit pin is used instead of a peripheral limit pin, which saves material costs and makes the rotation more flexible; in Examples 8-9, a plane slide is set in the middle, which saves material costs; in Examples 4-6, the side of the middle spherical crown is set into a circular semicircular structure, so that the middle spherical crown can adapt well to horizontal and vertical rotation while limiting displacement.

[0106] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical concepts and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and implement it accordingly. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention are intended to be encompassed within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing, comprising a first base plate, a second base plate, and a spherical cap assembly connected between the first and second base plates, characterized in that: The spherical cap assembly includes a first spherical cap and a second spherical cap, wherein the first spherical cap and the second spherical cap are directly or indirectly tensile-fitted with each other; The first seat plate is located above the spherical crown, and the lower end surface of the first seat plate and the upper end surface of the spherical crown are provided with a matching first guide assembly for making the spherical crown move relative to the first seat plate along a first track, the first guide assembly includes a first guide block and a first guide groove, the first guide block is formed on the first seat plate and the first guide groove is formed on the spherical crown, or the first guide block is formed on the spherical crown and the first guide groove is formed on the first seat plate; the second seat plate is located below the spherical crown, and the upper end surface of the second seat plate and the lower end surface of the spherical crown are provided with a matching second guide assembly for making the spherical crown move relative to the second seat plate along a second track, the second guide assembly includes a second guide block and a second guide groove, the second guide The block is formed on the second seat plate, and the second guide groove is formed on the spherical crown, or the second guide block is formed on the spherical crown, and the second guide groove is formed on the second seat plate; the first guide groove and the second guide groove are both in the shape of a large belly and a small mouth, the first guide block matches the first guide groove, and the second guide block matches the second guide groove; the spherical crown assembly includes a first spherical crown, an intermediate spherical crown, and a second spherical crown from top to bottom; the lower end surface of the first spherical crown is formed with a first limiting groove in the shape of a large belly and a small mouth, and the upper end portion of the intermediate spherical crown is arranged in the first limiting groove and matches the first limiting groove; the upper end surface of the second spherical crown is formed with a second limiting groove in the shape of a large belly and a small mouth, and the lower end portion of the intermediate spherical crown is arranged in the second limiting groove and matches the second limiting groove.

2. The high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The trajectory of the spherical crown when sliding relative to the first seat plate is the first trajectory, the projection of the first trajectory on the plane where the upper end surface of the first seat plate is located is the first projection, the width direction of the first projection is the width direction of the first seat plate, the length direction of the first projection is the length direction of the first seat plate, the width of the first seat plate is not less than the width of the first projection and the width of the first projection is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the first projection.

3. The high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The trajectory of the spherical crown when sliding relative to the second seat plate is the second trajectory, the projection of the second trajectory on the plane where the lower end surface of the second seat plate is located is the second projection, the width direction of the second projection is the width direction of the second seat plate, the length direction of the second projection is the length direction of the second seat plate, the width of the second seat plate is not less than the width of the second projection and the width of the second projection is between 0.4 times and 1.0 times the length of the second projection.

4. The high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support also includes a lower plane plate fixed relative to the ground, a speed locker installed between the lower plane plate and the second seat plate, and the speed locker includes a piston rod, an outer cylinder and other cylinder components; the piston rod is fixedly connected to the lower plane plate, and the outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the second seat plate, or the piston rod is fixedly connected to the second seat plate, and the outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower plane plate.

5. The high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A friction pair is provided between the first seat plate and the spherical crown, and between the second seat plate and the spherical crown, respectively. The friction pair between the first seat plate and the spherical crown and the friction pair between the second seat plate and the spherical crown have different curvature radii and friction coefficients.

6. The high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper side wall of the first limiting groove is spherical and concave toward the upper end face of the first spherical crown. The upper end face of the intermediate spherical crown is spherical and convex and adapted to the upper side wall of the first limiting groove. The circumference of the upper end portion of the intermediate spherical crown protrudes outward in the radial direction of the intermediate spherical crown and forms a first limiting ring. The first limiting ring cooperates with the first limiting groove to prevent the intermediate spherical crown from falling off from the first limiting groove.

7. The high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the first limiting ring decreases from the inner side to the outer side.

8. The high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper side wall of the first limiting groove is a plane, and the circumferential surface of the upper end portion of the intermediate spherical crown has a first limiting ring extending radially outward and matching the first limiting groove. The diameter of the first limiting ring is smaller than the diameter of the first limiting groove opening, and the height of the first limiting ring is smaller than the thickness of the first limiting groove belly.

9. The high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower side wall of the second limiting groove is spherical and concave toward the lower end surface of the second spherical cap, and the lower end surface of the intermediate spherical cap is spherical and convex downward and adapted to the lower side wall of the second limiting groove.

10. The high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the intermediate spherical cap protrudes outward in the radial direction of the intermediate spherical cap and forms a second limiting ring. The second limiting ring cooperates with the second limiting groove to prevent the intermediate spherical cap from falling off from the second limiting groove.

11. The high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 10, characterized in that: The thickness of the second limiting ring decreases from the inner side to the outer side.

12. The high-performance friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower side wall of the second limiting groove is a plane, and the circumferential surface of the lower end portion of the intermediate spherical crown has a second limiting ring extending radially outward and matching the second limiting groove. The diameter of the second limiting ring is smaller than the diameter of the second limiting groove opening, and the height of the second limiting ring is smaller than the thickness of the second limiting groove belly.

Images