On-vehicle liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of on-board liquid hydrogen storage tanks, and discloses an on-board liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system and vehicle, which solves the problem in the prior art that a portion of the hydrogen naturally vaporized in the tank cannot be recycled. An on-board liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system includes a liquid hydrogen storage tank, a liquid level gauge is provided in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogen outlet is provided on one side of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen outlet is connected to a vaporizer via a pipeline, the vaporizer is connected to a fuel cell and a hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve via pipelines, the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve is connected in parallel with a hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve I, an airbag, and a hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve II, a hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve and a hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve II are provided at the upper end of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are provided on both sides of the interior of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. The present invention reduces the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the vaporized liquid hydrogen in the airbag enters the fuel cell through the pipeline to react, effectively reducing the loss of hydrogen energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tanks, and particularly relates to a vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Liquid hydrogen is the preferred hydrogen storage method for hydrogen-powered vehicles. Currently, liquid hydrogen vehicles are the only hydrogen-powered vehicles that can rival gasoline vehicles in terms of tank weight and driving range. Therefore, liquid hydrogen will be widely used in the future. In recent years, billions of dollars have been invested worldwide in liquid hydrogen storage and transportation technology for the automotive industry. However, the use of liquid hydrogen in passenger cars, city buses, and trucks requires the design of onboard liquid hydrogen tanks with enhanced safety features, especially in the event of collisions or more serious situations that may occur during driving, which can cause significant impact on the onboard liquid hydrogen tanks. This places extremely high demands on the design of the tank safety system.

[0003] The primary safety hazard of liquid hydrogen storage tanks lies in the possibility that the liquid hydrogen inside the tank will vaporize into gaseous hydrogen, causing increased pressure inside the tank, leading to deformation and even explosion. Therefore, managing this vaporized hydrogen is a primary challenge in ensuring the safety of liquid hydrogen storage tanks. Currently, most liquid hydrogen storage tanks are not designed to effectively recycle and reuse this vaporized hydrogen, resulting in a significant waste of energy.

[0004] When a vehicle's liquid hydrogen storage tank is in use, it needs to be converted into gaseous hydrogen through a vaporizer, and then the gaseous hydrogen is transferred to the fuel cell for reaction. Therefore, if the hydrogen that naturally vaporizes in the tank can be recycled and transferred to the fuel cell for reaction, the utilization rate of liquid hydrogen can be further improved, while also enhancing the safety of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an on-board liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system and a vehicle, which solves the problem in the prior art that a portion of the hydrogen naturally vaporized in the tank cannot be recycled and reused, resulting in energy waste.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: an on-vehicle liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system, comprising a liquid hydrogen storage tank, a liquid level gauge provided in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogen outlet provided on one side of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen outlet connected to a vaporizer through a pipeline, the vaporizer connected to a fuel cell and a hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve through pipelines, the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve being connected in parallel with a hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve I, an airbag, and a hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve II, a hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve and a hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve II being provided on the upper end tank wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor being provided on both sides of the interior of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and a controller being electrically connected to the liquid level gauge, the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve, the first pressure sensor, the hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve I, the hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve II, and the second pressure sensor.

[0007] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen storage tank is placed horizontally at 180°.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid level meter is arranged at the lower end of the controller and connected to the controller.

[0009] Preferably, the first pressure sensor is arranged on a side of the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank close to the hydrogen outlet.

[0010] Preferably, the second pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank on a side close to the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II.

[0011] Preferably, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the liquid level meter are connected in parallel to the input end of the controller.

[0012] Preferably, an alarm is provided at the upper end of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0013] Preferably, the output end of the controller is connected to the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve, the hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve I, the hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve II, the alarm and the display terminal.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body, wherein the vehicle body is provided with an on-board liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] A vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system has a pipeline outside the liquid hydrogen storage tank connected to a vaporizer and a fuel cell. Naturally vaporized liquid hydrogen enters the fuel cell through the pipeline for reaction, thereby improving the utilization rate of hydrogen. A pressure sensor is provided in the liquid hydrogen storage tank. When the pressure is too high, the controller receives a signal and opens the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve, allowing naturally vaporized hydrogen to enter the fuel cell, reducing the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank. When the car is parked, outdoor heat inevitably enters the liquid hydrogen storage tank and causes the liquid hydrogen tank pressure to increase. At this time, the controller receives a signal and opens the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II to discharge excess vaporized hydrogen into the airbag. When the car is running, the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve I opens, and the vaporized liquid hydrogen in the airbag enters the fuel cell through the pipeline for reaction, effectively reducing the loss of hydrogen energy.

[0017] Furthermore, the liquid hydrogen storage tank is placed horizontally at 180 degrees, so that the gas in the tank can be discharged smoothly, increasing the utilization rate of the gas.

[0018] Furthermore, the first pressure sensor is arranged on the side of the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank close to the hydrogen outlet, and the second pressure sensor is arranged on the side of the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank close to the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II, which can more accurately measure the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, so that the controller can better control the opening of the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve and the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II.

[0019] Furthermore, a liquid level gauge is installed in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, which outputs a signal to the cockpit through the controller. When the liquid level is low, the controller receives the signal, and the instrument panel in the cockpit displays insufficient liquid level. At the same time, the alarm sounds to remind the driver to refill liquid hydrogen.

[0020] Furthermore, the controller is connected to the alarm and display terminal. The interaction between the controller, the alarm and the instrument panel in the cockpit can monitor the liquid hydrogen level in the storage tank in real time, and regulate the pressure and liquid level in the liquid hydrogen storage tank in real time, effectively improving the utilization rate of liquid hydrogen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an on-vehicle liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control system structure of a vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen tank energy recovery system;

[0023] Figure 3 This is an operation flow chart of an on-board liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system.

[0024] Among them, 1. Liquid hydrogen storage tank; 2. Liquid level gauge; 3. Hydrogen outlet; 4. Pipeline; 5. Carburetor; 6. Fuel cell; 7. First pressure sensor; 8. Hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve; 9. Controller; 10. Hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve I; 11. Airbag; 12. Hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve II; 13. Second pressure sensor; 14. Alarm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0027] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0028] See also Figure 1 A vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system includes a liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, a liquid level gauge 2 is provided in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, a hydrogen outlet 3 is provided on one side of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, the hydrogen outlet 3 is connected to the vaporizer 5 through a pipeline 4, the vaporizer 5 is respectively connected to the fuel cell 6 and the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve 8 through the pipeline 4, the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve 8 is connected in parallel with the hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve I10, the airbag 11, and the hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve II12, the upper end of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is provided with the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve 8 and the hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve II12, the first pressure sensor 7 and the second pressure sensor 13 are provided on both sides of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, and the controller 9 is electrically connected to the liquid level gauge 2, the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve 8, the first pressure sensor 7, the hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve I10, the hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve II12, and the second pressure sensor 13.

[0029] The liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is placed horizontally, the controller 9 is arranged on the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, the liquid level gauge 2 is arranged at the lower end of the controller 9, the first pressure sensor 7 is arranged on the side of the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 close to the hydrogen outlet 3, and the second pressure sensor 13 is arranged on the side of the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 close to the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II 12. The first pressure sensor 7, the second pressure sensor 13 and the liquid level gauge 2 are connected in parallel to the input end of the controller 9, and the output end of the controller 9 is connected to the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 8, the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve I 10, the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II 12, the alarm 14 and the display terminal.

[0030] A vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen tank energy recovery system is divided into two parts: operating conditions and parking conditions. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when the driver starts the vehicle, the on-board liquid hydrogen tank recovery system is in operating condition. At this time, the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve Ⅰ10 receives the electrical signal and opens, and the vaporized liquid hydrogen stored in the airbag 11 enters the fuel cell 6 through the pipeline 4; then, the first pressure sensor 7 installed in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 receives the signal and opens the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 8, and the liquid hydrogen naturally vaporized due to the temperature in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 enters the fuel cell 6 through the pipeline 4 for reaction. At the same time, the liquid hydrogen passes through the hydrogen outlet 3 and the pipeline 4 into the vaporizer 5 for vaporization. The vaporized liquid hydrogen enters the fuel cell 6 for reaction to provide energy for the vehicle. When the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 drops to a specified threshold, the first pressure sensor 7 receives the signal and closes the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 8. During driving, the liquid hydrogen level in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 continues to decrease due to vaporization and combustion. When it drops to a certain threshold, the liquid level gauge 2 transmits a signal to the controller 9 on the inner wall. At this time, the controller 9 receives the signal and processes it. The signal is transmitted to the instrument panel and alarm 14 in the cockpit to remind the driver to refill liquid hydrogen. When the on-board liquid hydrogen storage tank recovery system is in the parking condition, the second pressure sensor 13 receives a signal and opens the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve Ⅱ12. When the car is parked, the vaporized liquid hydrogen generated in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 enters the airbag 11 through the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve Ⅱ12. After that, the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 drops, and the second pressure sensor 13 receives a signal and closes the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve Ⅱ12.

[0031] In summary, the present invention provides an on-board liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system and vehicle, effectively recovering and utilizing naturally vaporized liquid hydrogen within liquid hydrogen storage tank 1. The PLC system within controller 9 controls the pressure and liquid level within liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 in real time, effectively improving the utilization rate of liquid hydrogen. Regulation of hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 8, hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve I 10, and hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II 12 prevents safety hazards caused by excessive pressure within the storage tank. The PLC system interacts with alarm 14 and the instrument panel within the cockpit to monitor the liquid hydrogen level within the storage tank in real time. The PLC model used is S7-200, and the CPU is CPU-224.

[0032] The above content is only for explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), wherein a liquid level gauge (2) is provided in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), a hydrogen outlet (3) is provided on one side of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), the hydrogen outlet (3) is connected to a vaporizer (5) through a pipe (4), the vaporizer (5) is connected to a fuel cell (6) and a hydrogen discharge solenoid valve (8) through a pipe (4), the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve (8) is connected in parallel with a hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve I (10), an air bag (11), and a hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II (12), the upper end tank wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is provided with a hydrogen discharge solenoid valve (8) and a hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II (12), and a first pressure sensor (7) is provided on both sides of the interior of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1). ) and a second pressure sensor (13), the controller (9) is electrically connected to the liquid level meter (2), the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve (8), the first pressure sensor (7), the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve I (10), the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II (12), and the second pressure sensor (13); the first pressure sensor (7) is arranged on the side of the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) close to the hydrogen outlet (3), the second pressure sensor (13) is arranged on the side of the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) close to the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II (12), the first pressure sensor (7), the second pressure sensor (13) and the liquid level meter (2) are connected in parallel to the input end of the controller (9); When in the operating state, the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve I (10) receives an electrical signal and opens, and the vaporized liquid hydrogen stored in the airbag (11) enters the fuel cell (6) through the pipe (4); then, the first pressure sensor (7) installed in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) receives a signal and opens the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve (8), and the liquid hydrogen naturally vaporized due to the temperature in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) enters the fuel cell (6) through the pipe (4) for reaction, and at the same time, the liquid hydrogen passes through the hydrogen outlet (3) through the pipe (4) into the vaporizer (5) for vaporization, and the vaporized liquid hydrogen enters the fuel cell (6) for reaction to provide energy for the vehicle. When the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) drops to a specified threshold, the first pressure sensor (7) receives a signal and closes the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve (8); When the vehicle is in the parking state, the second pressure sensor (13) receives a signal and opens the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II (12). When the vehicle is parked, vaporized liquid hydrogen generated in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) enters the airbag (11) through the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II (12). After that, the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) decreases, and the second pressure sensor (13) receives a signal and closes the hydrogen discharge one-way solenoid valve II (12).

2. The vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is placed horizontally at 180 degrees.

3. The vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid level meter (2) is arranged at the lower end of the controller (9) and is connected to the controller (9).

4. The vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An alarm (14) is provided at the upper end of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1).

5. The vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the controller (9) is connected to the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve (8), the hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve I (10), the hydrogen exhaust one-way solenoid valve II (12), the alarm (14) and the display terminal.

6. A vehicle comprising a vehicle body, characterized in that: The vehicle body is provided with an on-vehicle liquid hydrogen storage tank energy recovery system as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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