A Compressed Air Energy Storage Distributed Combined Cycle System and Method

Abstract

The present disclosure proposes a distributed combined cycle system and method for compressed air energy storage. The system includes a liquefied air storage tank, an evaporator, a Brayton cycle module, a liquefied air cold storage tank, a power generation module, a user heat exchange module, and a control module. The liquefied air cold storage tank includes a first heat exchanger disposed at the bottom of the tank, a second heat exchanger in the tank, a third heat exchanger at the top of the tank, and a cold storage medium. The liquefied air in the liquefied air storage tank passes through the evaporator to obtain a first steam. The second heat exchanger uses the first steam to cool the cold storage medium in the tank and outputs a second steam. The power generation module uses the second steam to generate electricity and output exhaust gas. The third heat exchanger uses the exhaust gas to cool the cold storage medium at the top of the tank. The first heat exchanger uses the circulating medium of the Brayton cycle module to cool the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank. The user heat exchange module is used to use the cold storage medium to provide cooling to the cold user. The system according to the present disclosure can improve the cooling effect and simplify the system structure under multiple operating modes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical fields of energy storage, refrigeration, and power generation, and in particular to a compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system and method. Background Art

[0002] As the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality continue to advance, large-scale wind and solar power generation systems are being integrated into the power grid, introducing greater uncontrollability. Energy storage is becoming an increasingly essential resource for flexibility. Compressed air energy storage, with its advantages of long life, large scale, long storage time, and unrestricted geographical location, has become a highly sought-after new energy storage technology.

[0003] Currently, compressed air energy storage technology is applied in a centralized manner. This means that when renewable energy generation exceeds load, the compressed air generated by the compressor is stored on-site. When the electricity load increases, the compressed air is used to generate electricity through an expander. Distributed liquid air refrigeration technology, however, is a viable zero-carbon refrigeration alternative. At the same time, with the rapid growth of market demand for cold chain products in my country, the development of the refrigerated transportation industry faces a significant conflict between scale expansion and carbon emission control. There is an urgent need to optimize the cooling structure. Consequently, the research and development of green refrigeration equipment and key technologies based on zero-carbon energy sources are receiving increasing attention.

[0004] However, the existing technology lacks a compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle technology with a simple structure that has good cooling effect and integrates multiple operating modes such as cooling and power generation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present disclosure aims to solve, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, one purpose of the present disclosure is to propose a compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system, the main purpose of which is to improve the cooling effect and simplify the system structure in multiple operating modes.

[0006] The second objective of the present disclosure is to propose a distributed combined cycle method for compressed air energy storage.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, a first embodiment of the present disclosure provides a compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system, comprising a liquefied air storage tank, an evaporator, a Brayton cycle module, a liquefied air cold storage tank, a power generation module, a user heat exchange module, and a control module, wherein the control module is respectively connected to the evaporator, the Brayton cycle module, the liquefied air cold storage tank, the power generation module, and the user heat exchange module, wherein:

[0008] The liquefied air cold storage tank includes a first heat exchanger arranged at the bottom of the tank, a second heat exchanger arranged in the tank, a third heat exchanger arranged at the top of the tank, and a stored cold storage medium;

[0009] The liquefied air storage tank is used to store liquefied air;

[0010] The evaporator is used to evaporate the liquefied air from the liquefied air storage tank to obtain a first steam, the evaporator is connected to the second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger uses the first steam to cool the cold storage medium in the tank and outputs a second steam;

[0011] The Brayton cycle module includes a circulating medium, the Brayton cycle module is connected to the first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger uses the circulating medium to cool the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank, and the Brayton cycle module is used to provide the evaporator with heat energy required for evaporation of liquefied air;

[0012] The power generation module is connected to the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, the power generation module uses the second steam to generate electricity and output exhaust gas, and the third heat exchanger uses the exhaust gas to cool the cold storage medium on the tank top;

[0013] The user heat exchange module is used to use the cold storage medium output by the liquefied air cold storage tank to provide cold to the cold-using object.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the Brayton cycle module includes a compressor and a first turbine, the output end of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger, the input end of the first turbine is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchanger, and the output end of the first turbine is connected to the input end of the compressor via a conduit, and the conduit passes through the evaporator.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first circulation pump is provided between the evaporator and the liquefied air storage tank.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the user heat exchange module includes a user-end heat exchanger, which receives the cold storage medium from the liquefied air cold storage tank and returns the cold storage medium after heat exchange to the liquefied air cold storage tank.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the user heat exchange module further includes a second circulation pump, which is connected to the liquefied air cold storage tank and the user-end heat exchanger.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the Brayton cycle module further includes a flow control valve provided on the conduit, and the flow control valve is used to adjust the flow of the circulating medium in the conduit.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the power generation module includes a second turbine.

[0020] To achieve the above objectives, a second embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle method using a compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system according to any one of the above embodiments, comprising:

[0021] The first heat exchanger in the liquefied air cold storage tank uses the circulating medium of the Brayton cycle module to cool the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank;

[0022] The Brayton cycle module is used to provide the evaporator with the heat energy required for evaporation of liquefied air;

[0023] The liquefied air in the liquefied air storage tank is sent to the evaporator for evaporation to obtain a first steam, and the second heat exchanger in the liquefied air cold storage tank uses the first steam to cool the cold storage medium in the tank and output a second steam;

[0024] The second steam is sent to the power generation module to generate exhaust gas for power generation. The third heat exchanger in the liquefied air cold storage tank uses the exhaust gas to cool the cold storage medium on the tank top, thereby realizing a combined cycle with multiple operating modes.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, power generation is performed by a first turbine of a Brayton cycle module.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first temperature of the first steam and a second temperature of the cold storage medium in the tank are obtained, and a flow control valve of the Brayton cycle module is adjusted based on the first temperature and the second temperature.

[0027] In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system includes a liquefied air storage tank, an evaporator, a Brayton cycle module, a liquefied air cold storage tank, a power generation module, a user heat exchange module and a control module, wherein the control module is connected to the evaporator, the Brayton cycle module, the liquefied air cold storage tank, the power generation module and the user heat exchange module respectively, wherein the liquefied air cold storage tank includes a first heat exchanger arranged at the bottom of the tank, a second heat exchanger arranged in the tank and a third heat exchanger arranged at the top of the tank, as well as stored cold storage medium; the liquefied air storage tank is used to store liquefied air; the evaporator is used to evaporate the liquefied air from the liquefied air storage tank to obtain a first The evaporator is connected to a second heat exchanger, which uses the first steam to cool the cold storage medium in the tank and outputs a second steam. The Brayton cycle module includes a circulating medium and is connected to the first heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger uses the circulating medium to cool the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank. The Brayton cycle module is used to provide the heat energy required for evaporating the liquefied air to the evaporator. The power generation module is connected to the second heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger. The power generation module uses the second steam to generate electricity and output exhaust gas, while the third heat exchanger uses the exhaust gas to cool the cold storage medium at the top of the tank. The user heat exchange module is used to use the cold storage medium output from the liquefied air cold storage tank to provide cooling for the cooling user. In this case, the first heat exchanger uses the circulating medium of the Brayton cycle module to cool the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank, the second heat exchanger uses the first steam to cool the cold storage medium in the tank and output a second steam, and the third heat exchanger uses the exhaust gas to cool the cold storage medium at the top of the tank. This multiple cooling process improves the cooling effect. At the same time, the power generation module, which generates exhaust gas, generates electricity, simplifying the system structure in multiple operating modes.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 A block diagram of a compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0031] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0032] Figure 3 A flow chart of a distributed combined cycle method for compressed air energy storage provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all possible implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0034] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in the present disclosure refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0036] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

[0037] The present disclosure relates to a distributed combined cycle system and method for compressed air energy storage, the primary purpose of which is to improve cooling performance and simplify the system structure under multiple operating modes. The disclosed distributed combined cycle system for compressed air energy storage can be referred to as a distributed combined cycle system.

[0038] In a first embodiment, Figure 1 A block diagram of a compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 2The structure diagram of a compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system 10 includes a liquefied air storage tank 11, an evaporator 12, a Brayton cycle module 13, a liquefied air cold storage tank 14, a power generation module 15, a user heat exchange module 16 and a control module 17. The control module 17 is respectively connected to the evaporator 12, the Brayton cycle module 13, the liquefied air cold storage tank 14, the power generation module 15 and the user heat exchange module 16.

[0039] In this embodiment, the liquefied air storage tank 11 is used to store liquefied air. As is easy to understand, liquefied air is a type of compressed air obtained by liquefying normal gas. The liquefied air storage tank 11 uses compressed air energy storage technology to store liquefied air.

[0040] In this embodiment, the evaporator 12 is used to evaporate the liquefied air from the liquefied air storage tank 11 to obtain the first steam. The heat energy required by the evaporator 12 when evaporating the liquefied air is provided by the Brayton cycle module 13.

[0041] In this embodiment, a first circulation pump is further provided between the evaporator 12 and the liquefied air storage tank 11 (see Figure 2 The first circulating pump is used to deliver the liquefied air in the liquefied air storage tank 11 to the evaporator 12 .

[0042] In this embodiment, a switch valve is provided between the first circulation pump and the liquefied air storage tank 11. Specifically, the first circulation pump is connected to the liquefied air storage tank 11 through a pipeline 1A, and a switch valve is also provided on the pipeline 1A (see Figure 2 The switch valve is connected to the control module 17. The state of the switch valve is controlled by the control module 17. If the switch valve receives a conduction instruction sent by the control module 17, the switch valve is turned on, and the liquefied air in the liquefied air storage tank 11 enters the first circulation pump.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first circulation pump is connected to the evaporator 12 via a pipe 2A (see Figure 2 ).

[0044] In this embodiment, the evaporator 12 is connected to the second heat exchanger S2 (described later) of the liquefied air cold storage tank 14. Specifically, the evaporator 12 is connected to the second heat exchanger S2 of the liquefied air cold storage tank 14 via a pipe 3A (see Figure 2 ), the first steam output by the evaporator 12 enters the second heat exchanger S2 through the pipeline 3A.

[0045] In this embodiment, the Brayton cycle module 13 includes a circulating medium and is connected to the first heat exchanger. The Brayton cycle module 13 is used to provide the evaporator 12 with heat energy required for evaporation of liquefied air.

[0046] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the Brayton cycle module 13 includes a compressor and a first turbine. The compressor output is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger S1 of the liquefied air cold storage tank 14 via pipeline 2B. The first turbine input is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchanger S1 via pipeline 3B. The first turbine output is connected to the compressor input via a conduit that passes through the evaporator 12. The conduit between the first turbine output and the compressor input at the evaporator 12 is independent of (i.e., not connected to) the conduit for the liquefied air in the evaporator 12. The conduit between the first turbine output and the evaporator 12 is pipeline 4B, and the conduit between the evaporator 12 and the compressor input is pipeline 1B.

[0047] The pipelines 1B-2B-3B-4B and the elements between adjacent pipelines in the Brayton cycle module 13 form a closed Brayton cycle. The circulating medium circulates in the pipelines 1B-2B-3B-4B, completing four processes: adiabatic compression, isobaric heating, adiabatic expansion, and isobaric cooling. The circulating medium passes through the evaporator 12 during isobaric cooling, the compressor during adiabatic compression, the first heat exchanger S1 during isobaric heating, and the first turbine during adiabatic expansion.

[0048] During the isobaric cooling process, the circulating medium releases heat energy at the evaporator 12 to complete cooling. The heat energy is absorbed by the liquefied air in the evaporator 12 , and the liquefied air becomes the first vapor and is output from the evaporator 12 .

[0049] During the adiabatic compression process, the circulating medium is heated and pressurized at the compressor.

[0050] During the isobaric heating process, the circulating medium absorbs heat from the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank at the first heat exchanger S1 to complete the heating.

[0051] During the adiabatic expansion process, the circulating medium expands at the first turbine to generate electricity, and the generated electricity can be used to power electrical equipment.

[0052] The circulating medium can use a variety of gases, such as neon, helium or hydrogen, whose boiling point is lower than the liquefied air at the evaporator.

[0053] The Brayton cycle module 13 further includes a flow control valve disposed on a conduit between the output end of the first turbine and the input end of the compressor, the flow control valve being used to adjust the flow of the circulating medium in the conduit and being connected to the control module 17 .

[0054] In this embodiment, the liquefied air cold storage tank 14 stores cold storage medium. When a cold user needs refrigeration, the cold storage medium in the liquefied air cold storage tank 14 is delivered to the cold user to cool the cold object.

[0055] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the liquefied air cold storage tank 14 includes a first heat exchanger S1 arranged at the bottom of the tank, a second heat exchanger S2 arranged in the tank, and a third heat exchanger S3 arranged at the top of the tank. The cold storage medium is refrigerated by the first heat exchanger S1, the second heat exchanger S2, and the third heat exchanger S3.

[0056] Specifically, the first heat exchanger S1 uses the circulating medium to refrigerate the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank, that is, the circulating medium stores cold energy in the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank at the first heat exchanger S1.

[0057] The second heat exchanger S2 uses the first steam to cool the cold storage medium in the tank and outputs the second steam. That is, after the first steam stores the cold energy in the cold storage medium in the tank at the second heat exchanger S2, the temperature and pressure of the first steam rise and become the second steam.

[0058] The third heat exchanger S3 uses exhaust gas (described later) to refrigerate the cold storage medium at the tank top, that is, the exhaust gas stores cold energy in the cold storage medium at the tank top at the third heat exchanger S3 and is then discharged into the atmosphere through pipeline 6A.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first heat exchanger S1 , the second heat exchanger S2 , and the third heat exchanger S3 are separate immersion heat exchangers.

[0060] In this embodiment, the power generation module 15 utilizes the second steam to generate electricity and output exhaust gas.

[0061] Specifically, the power generation module 15 is connected to the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, such as Figure 2 As shown, power generation module 15 includes a second turbine. The input of the second turbine is connected to the second heat exchanger S2 via pipeline 4A, and the output of the second turbine is connected to the third heat exchanger S3 via pipeline 5A. The second steam enters the second turbine, expands, and generates electricity. The exhaust gas after power generation is used to generate electricity for power consumption equipment, and the exhaust gas enters the third heat exchanger to cool the cold storage medium.

[0062] In this embodiment, the distributed combined cycle system also includes a first temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the cold storage medium in the tank and a second temperature sensor for monitoring the first steam temperature. The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively connected to the control module 17. When it is monitored that the first steam temperature (i.e., the first temperature) is higher than or equal to the cold storage medium temperature (i.e., the second temperature), the control module controls the flow control valve of the Brayton cycle module 13 to reduce the flow in the pipeline.

[0063] In this embodiment, the user heat exchange module 16 is located at the cold user and is used to use the cold storage medium output by the liquefied air cold storage tank 14 to provide cold to the cold user.

[0064] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the user heat exchange module 16 includes a user-side heat exchanger, which receives the cold storage medium from the liquefied air cold storage tank 14 and returns the cold storage medium after heat exchange to the liquefied air cold storage tank 14 .

[0065] In this embodiment, the user heat exchange module 16 further includes a second circulation pump, which is connected to the liquefied air cold storage tank 14 and the user-end heat exchanger (see Figure 2 The second circulating pump is used to deliver the cold storage medium to the user-end heat exchanger.

[0066] In some embodiments, the cold user is, for example, a refrigerated truck. The cold storage medium enters the refrigerated truck under the action of the second circulation pump, exchanges heat with the interior environment to heat up, and then returns to the liquefied air cold storage tank 14 for cooling, completing the cycle.

[0067] In this embodiment, the control module 17 is connected to the evaporator 12 , the Brayton cycle module 13 , the liquefied air cold storage tank 14 , the power generation module 15 , and the user heat exchange module 16 , respectively.

[0068] In this embodiment, when refrigeration and power generation are required, the control module 17 generates a conduction instruction, controls the switch valve to be turned on, and controls the evaporator 12, the Brayton cycle module 13, the liquefied air cold storage tank 14, the power generation module 15, and the user heat exchange module 16 to operate normally, thereby realizing a combined cycle in multiple modes.

[0069] In the compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system disclosed in the present invention, the compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system includes a liquefied air storage tank, an evaporator, a Brayton cycle module, a liquefied air cold storage tank, a power generation module, a user heat exchange module and a control module. The control module is respectively connected to the evaporator, the Brayton cycle module, the liquefied air cold storage tank, the power generation module and the user heat exchange module. The liquefied air cold storage tank includes a first heat exchanger arranged at the bottom of the tank, a second heat exchanger arranged in the tank and a third heat exchanger arranged at the top of the tank, as well as a stored cold storage medium; the liquefied air storage tank is used to store liquefied air; the evaporator is used to evaporate the liquefied air from the liquefied air storage tank A first steam is obtained, and an evaporator is connected to a second heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger uses the first steam to cool the cold storage medium in the tank and outputs a second steam. A Brayton cycle module includes a circulating medium. The Brayton cycle module is connected to the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger uses the circulating medium to cool the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank. The Brayton cycle module is used to provide the evaporator with the heat energy required for evaporating the liquefied air. A power generation module is connected to the second heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger. The power generation module uses the second steam to generate electricity and output exhaust gas, and the third heat exchanger uses the exhaust gas to cool the cold storage medium at the top of the tank. The user heat exchange module uses the cold storage medium output from the liquefied air cold storage tank to provide cooling for the user. In this case, the first heat exchanger uses the circulating medium of the Brayton cycle module to cool the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank, the second heat exchanger uses the first steam to cool the cold storage medium in the tank and output the second steam, and the third heat exchanger uses the exhaust gas to cool the cold storage medium at the top of the tank. This multiple cooling process improves the cooling effect. Simultaneously, the power generation module, which generates exhaust gas, generates electricity, simplifying the system structure under multiple operating modes. Furthermore, by coupling the liquefied air cycle with the Brayton cycle, the utilization rate of compressed air cooling energy is increased, thereby improving system efficiency. The disclosed distributed combined cycle system also features a zero-carbon operating mode; excellent cooling performance unaffected by ambient temperature; reduced heat emissions to the environment; diverse and easily switchable operating modes; and significantly reduced cooling energy consumption.

[0070] The following are examples of the methods disclosed herein. For details not disclosed in the examples of the methods disclosed herein, please refer to the system examples disclosed herein. The method examples disclosed herein propose a distributed combined cycle method for compressed air energy storage. The distributed combined cycle method for compressed air energy storage adopts the distributed combined cycle system of the compressed air energy storage of the system examples described above to implement a combined cycle with multiple operating modes. The distributed combined cycle method for compressed air energy storage disclosed herein can be referred to as a combined cycle method.

[0071] Figure 3 The following is a flow chart showing the process of the distributed combined cycle method of compressed air energy storage provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 As shown, the compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle method includes:

[0072] Step S11: The first heat exchanger in the liquefied air cold storage tank uses the circulating medium of the Brayton cycle module to cool the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank;

[0073] Step S12, using the Brayton cycle module to provide the evaporator with heat energy required for evaporation of the liquefied air;

[0074] Step S13: sending the liquefied air in the liquefied air storage tank to the evaporator for evaporation to obtain first steam, and the second heat exchanger in the liquefied air cold storage tank uses the first steam to cool the cold storage medium in the tank and outputs second steam;

[0075] In step S14, the second steam is sent to the power generation module to generate exhaust gas for power generation. The third heat exchanger in the liquefied air cold storage tank uses the exhaust gas to cool the cold storage medium on the tank top, thereby realizing a combined cycle with multiple operating modes.

[0076] Optionally, the compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle method further includes generating electricity by a first turbine of the Brayton cycle module.

[0077] Optionally, the compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle method further includes obtaining a first temperature of the first steam and a second temperature of the cold storage medium in the tank, and adjusting a flow control valve of the Brayton cycle module based on the first temperature and the second temperature.

[0078] It should be noted that the aforementioned explanation of the embodiment of the compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system is also applicable to the compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle method of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0079] The serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0080] In the distributed combined cycle method for compressed air energy storage disclosed herein, a first heat exchanger in a liquefied air cold storage tank uses the circulating medium of a Brayton cycle module to cool the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank; the Brayton cycle module provides the evaporator with the heat energy required for evaporation of the liquefied air; the liquefied air in the liquefied air storage tank is sent to the evaporator for evaporation to obtain a first steam; a second heat exchanger in the liquefied air cold storage tank uses the first steam to cool the cold storage medium in the tank and outputs a second steam; the second steam is sent to a power generation module to generate power and generate exhaust gas; and a third heat exchanger in the liquefied air cold storage tank uses the exhaust gas to cool the cold storage medium at the top of the tank, thereby realizing a combined cycle with multiple operating modes. In this case, the first heat exchanger uses the circulating medium of the Brayton cycle module to cool the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank, the second heat exchanger uses the first steam to cool the cold storage medium in the tank and outputs the second steam, and the third heat exchanger uses the exhaust gas to cool the cold storage medium at the top of the tank. The multiple cooling operations improve the cooling effect, and the power generation module that generates the exhaust gas is used to generate power, simplifying the system structure under multiple operating modes. Furthermore, by coupling the liquefied air cycle with the Brayton cycle, the utilization rate of compressed air cooling energy is increased, improving system efficiency. The disclosed distributed combined cycle method also offers advantages such as a zero-carbon operating mode, excellent cooling performance unaffected by ambient temperature, reduced heat emissions to the environment, diverse and easily switchable operating modes, and significantly reduced cooling energy consumption.

[0081] It should be understood that the various forms of the processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved. This disclosure is not limited here.

[0082] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure shall be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system, characterized in that: It includes a liquefied air storage tank, an evaporator, a Brayton cycle module, a liquefied air cold storage tank, a power generation module, a user heat exchange module and a control module. The control module is connected to the evaporator, the Brayton cycle module, the liquefied air cold storage tank, the power generation module and the user heat exchange module respectively, wherein: The liquefied air cold storage tank includes a first heat exchanger arranged at the bottom of the tank, a second heat exchanger arranged in the tank, a third heat exchanger arranged at the top of the tank, and a stored cold storage medium; The liquefied air storage tank is used to store liquefied air; The evaporator is used to evaporate the liquefied air from the liquefied air storage tank to obtain a first steam, the evaporator is connected to the second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger uses the first steam to cool the cold storage medium in the tank and outputs a second steam; The Brayton cycle module includes a circulating medium, the Brayton cycle module is connected to the first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger uses the circulating medium to cool the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank, and the Brayton cycle module is used to provide the evaporator with heat energy required for evaporation of liquefied air; The power generation module is connected to the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, the power generation module uses the second steam to generate electricity and output exhaust gas, and the third heat exchanger uses the exhaust gas to cool the cold storage medium on the tank top; The user heat exchange module is used to use the cold storage medium output by the liquefied air cold storage tank to provide cold to the cold-using object.

2. The compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Brayton cycle module includes a compressor and a first turbine, the output end of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger, the input end of the first turbine is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchanger, and the output end of the first turbine is connected to the input end of the compressor via a conduit, and the conduit passes through the evaporator.

3. The compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first circulation pump is provided between the evaporator and the liquefied air storage tank.

4. The compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The user heat exchange module includes a user-end heat exchanger, which receives the cold storage medium from the liquefied air cold storage tank and returns the cold storage medium after heat exchange to the liquefied air cold storage tank.

5. The compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The user heat exchange module further includes a second circulation pump connected to the liquefied air cold storage tank and the user-end heat exchanger.

6. The compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The Brayton cycle module further includes a flow control valve provided on the conduit, and the flow control valve is used to adjust the flow of the circulating medium in the conduit.

7. The compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power generation module includes a second turbine.

8. A compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle method based on the compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: The first heat exchanger in the liquefied air cold storage tank uses the circulating medium of the Brayton cycle module to cool the cold storage medium at the bottom of the tank; The Brayton cycle module is used to provide the evaporator with the heat energy required for evaporation of liquefied air; The liquefied air in the liquefied air storage tank is sent to the evaporator for evaporation to obtain a first steam, and the second heat exchanger in the liquefied air cold storage tank uses the first steam to cool the cold storage medium in the tank and output a second steam; The second steam is sent to the power generation module to generate exhaust gas for power generation. The third heat exchanger in the liquefied air cold storage tank uses the exhaust gas to cool the cold storage medium on the tank top, thereby realizing a combined cycle with multiple operating modes.

9. The compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: Power generation is performed by the first turbine of the Brayton cycle module.

10. The compressed air energy storage distributed combined cycle method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: A first temperature of the first steam and a second temperature of the cold storage medium in the tank are obtained, and a flow control valve of the Brayton cycle module is adjusted based on the first temperature and the second temperature.

Images