A method for detecting and evaluating the degree of fragmentation of a rock slope

Abstract

The application discloses a rock slope breaking degree detection and evaluation method, which comprises the following steps: collecting rocks on the site of a rock slope to be detected, preparing rock samples with different particle sizes, and putting the rock samples into different detection containers; obtaining a model of the rock slope breaking degree value, wave speed and amplitude according to the rock samples; drilling a plurality of detection holes in the rock slope, positioning a pushing device according to the detection holes; monitoring the rock slope based on the pushing device to obtain the in-situ values of the ultrasonic wave speed and amplitude of the rock slope; obtaining the breaking degree value of the rock slope based on the model and the in-situ values; drawing a change curve of the breaking degree value along the longitudinal depth of the rock slope, and demarcating different breaking ranges of the rock slope according to the change curve. The rock slope breaking degree detection method can accurately detect the rock breaking degree at different positions of the slope and obtain continuous breaking degree values. The breaking range of the slope is circled, and the boundary between the broken rock and the complete rock is obtained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of slope safety, in particular to a method for detecting and evaluating the broken degree of rock slope. BACKGROUND

[0002] When the rock slope is broken, the slope is prone to damage forms such as peeling, sliding and collapsing. When the damage range increases, natural disasters will occur, which seriously affects the safety of people nearby and threatens the transportation, communication and power infrastructure near the slope.

[0003] In order to design a slope reinforcement scheme, it is necessary to master the broken degree of the slope and the damage range of the slope, so the broken degree of the rock slope is particularly important. However, at present, the broken degree of the slope cannot be quantitatively detected and evaluated, and the broken range of the slope cannot be accurately determined. The method for detecting and evaluating the broken degree of the rock slope is very important for the stability control of the rock slope. However, the existing technology has the following problems: the broken degree of the slope cannot be quantitatively detected and evaluated; the broken range of the slope cannot be accurately determined. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the above problems, the present application provides a method for detecting and evaluating the broken degree of rock slope, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Collecting rocks at the rock slope site to be measured, preparing rock samples of different particle sizes, and placing the rock samples into different detection containers;

[0006] Obtaining a model of the broken degree value, wave speed and amplitude of the rock slope from the rock samples;

[0007] Drilling a plurality of detection holes in the rock slope, and positioning a pushing device according to the detection holes;

[0008] Monitoring the rock slope based on the pushing device to obtain the on-site values of the ultrasonic wave speed and amplitude of the rock slope;

[0009] Obtaining the broken degree value of the rock slope based on the model and the on-site values;

[0010] Drawing a change curve of the broken degree value along the longitudinal depth of the rock slope, and demarcating different broken ranges of the rock slope according to the change curve.

[0011] Preferably, the method for obtaining the model comprises: detecting the wave speed and amplitude of rocks of different particle sizes by ultrasonic waves, calculating the broken degree values of rocks of different particle sizes, drawing a curve of the broken degree values of rocks of different particle sizes and the wave speed and amplitude, and determining the model of the broken degree value, wave speed and amplitude of the rock.

[0012] Preferably, the method for obtaining the field value comprises: inputting the field value into the model to obtain the fragmentation degree value.

[0013] Preferably, the method for demarcating the different fragmentation ranges comprises: drawing a fragmentation degree value curve of the rock mass along the longitudinal depth direction of the rock slope according to the fragmentation degree value, and demarcating the fragmentation range, wherein the fragmentation range comprises: when the fragmentation degree value = 1, the rock is complete; when the fragmentation degree value = 0.9-1, the rock is relatively complete; when the fragmentation degree value = 0.7-0.9, the rock is relatively fragmented; when the fragmentation degree value < 0.7, the rock is fragmented; and the distance from the depth position of the rock slope where the fragmentation degree value = 1 to the surface of the rock slope is the fragmentation range.

[0014] Preferably, the advancing device comprises: an advancing rod, a fixing frame, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, a gear, an adjusting screw rod, a directional valve and a probe mounting frame; the driven wheel and the gear are connected and fixed on the fixing frame respectively, the driven wheel rotates to drive the gear to rotate, the gear and the advancing rod are connected through the gear teeth to transmit power, the driving wheel is fixed on one side of the fixing frame and connected with the two driven wheels through an elastic belt, the distance between the two advancing rods is adjusted by the adjusting screw rod, the advancing rod passes through the directional valve, and the probe mounting frame is arranged at the end of the advancing rod.

[0015] Preferably, the side length of the detection container is consistent with the distance between the detection holes and the size of the complete rock in the field, a detection window is arranged at the middle position of the two parallel faces of the detection container, the size of the detection window is consistent with the size of the detection head, and the detection window is provided with two semicircular fixed apertures to fix the detection head.

[0016] Preferably, the distance between the detection holes is 300-500 mm, the diameter of the detection hole is greater than 10 mm of the ultrasonic probe, the ultrasonic probe is mounted on the advancing rod, the distance between the two advancing rods is adjusted, and the two advancing rods are accurately positioned with the detection hole.

[0017] Preferably, the method for obtaining the field value comprises: pushing the two ultrasonic probes into the detection holes at different depths in parallel to measure the field value of the rock slope at different depths.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The rock slope fragmentation degree detection method can accurately detect the fragmentation degree of rocks at different positions of the slope and obtain continuous fragmentation degree values. The fragmentation range of the slope can be demarcated to obtain the interface between the fragmented rock and the complete rock. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the detection container in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the propulsion device according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a detailed step diagram of Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0025] Figure descriptions: 1. Fixing frame; 2. Push rod; 3. Directional valve; 4. Drive wheel; 5. Telescopic belt; 6. Driven wheel; 7. Gear; 8. Probe; 9. Probe mounting bracket; 10. Adjusting screw rod; 11. Ultrasonic probe; 12. Fixing steel ring. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic flowchart of the method in Embodiment 1 of this application. The steps include: collecting rocks at the site of the rock slope to be tested, preparing rock samples of different particle sizes, and placing the rock samples into different detection containers; obtaining a model of the rock slope fragmentation degree, wave velocity, and amplitude based on the rock samples; drilling several detection holes in the rock slope, and positioning the propulsion device based on the detection holes; monitoring the rock slope based on the propulsion device to obtain the field values ​​of the ultrasonic wave velocity and amplitude of the rock slope; obtaining the fragmentation degree value of the rock slope based on the model and the field values; drawing a curve of the fragmentation degree value along the longitudinal depth of the rock slope, and delineating different fragmentation ranges of the rock slope based on the curve.

[0029] In this first embodiment, the method for preparing rock samples includes: the difference in size between adjacent rock grains is 5 mm, and the rock grain sizes d = 1 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, 35 mm...n, where n is the complete rock size. Rock samples of different grain sizes are placed into detection containers respectively. In this first embodiment, the detection container is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, its side length should be consistent with the spacing of the detection holes and the size of the intact rock on site. A detection window is set at the middle position of the two parallel surfaces of the detection container. The size of the detection window is consistent with the size of the detection head. Two semi-circular fixed apertures are set in the detection window to fix the detection head.

[0030] Subsequently, ultrasonic waves were used to detect the wave velocity v and amplitude f of rocks with different particle sizes, and the degree of fragmentation of rocks with different particle sizes was calculated. Plot the curves of rock fragmentation degree value μ with wave velocity v and amplitude f for different particle sizes, and determine the model of rock fragmentation degree value μ with wave velocity v and amplitude f.

[0031] The aforementioned propulsion device, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes: a push rod 2, a fixed frame 1, a drive wheel 4, a driven wheel 6, a gear 7, an adjusting screw rod 10, a directional valve 3, and a probe mounting bracket 9; the driven wheel 6 and the gear 7 are connected and fixed on the fixed frame 1 respectively. The rotation of the driven wheel 6 drives the gear 7 to rotate. The gear 7 transmits power to the push rod 2 through the gear teeth. The drive wheel 4 is fixed on one side of the fixed frame 1 and is connected to the two driven wheels 6 through a telescopic belt 5. The distance between the two push rods 2 is set by the adjusting screw rod 10. The push rod 2 passes through the directional valve 3, and the probe mounting bracket 9 is set at the end of the push rod 2.

[0032] In this first embodiment, the method for positioning the propulsion device includes: drilling two detection holes on the rock slope; installing ultrasonic probes 11 on the two propulsion rods 2 of the ultrasonic detection propulsion device; and positioning the propulsion device according to the detection holes. Then, rotating the drive wheel 4, the two ultrasonic probes 11 are pushed parallel to each other into the detection holes at different depths, with an adjacent depth difference of 50-100mm. The on-site values ​​of ultrasonic wave velocity and amplitude at different depths on the slope are measured. The distance between the detection holes should be 300mm-500mm, and the diameter of the detection holes should be larger than the ultrasonic probe 11 by 10mm. The ultrasonic probes 11 are mounted on the propulsion rods 2. The distance between the two propulsion rods 2 is adjusted to accurately position the two propulsion rods 2 with the detection holes.

[0033] After the field value is brought into the model, the fragmentation degree value is calculated and the different fragmentation ranges of the rock mass target are demarcated according to the fragmentation degree value. The method for demarcating different fragmentation ranges comprises: according to the fragmentation degree value, a rock fragmentation degree value curve is drawn along the longitudinal depth direction of the rock slope, and the fragmentation range is demarcated. The fragmentation range comprises: when the fragmentation degree value = 1, it is complete rock; when the fragmentation degree value = 0.9-1, it is relatively complete rock; when the fragmentation degree value = 0.7-0.9, it is relatively fragmented rock; when the fragmentation degree value < 0.7, it is fragmented rock; and the distance from the rock slope depth position where the fragmentation degree value = 1 to the rock slope surface is the fragmentation range.

[0034] Embodiment Two

[0035] The technical problem in practical life solved by the present application will be described in detail in the following embodiment two.

[0036] As shown in the detailed step schematic diagram of the embodiment two of the present application. Figure 4

[0037] The first step is to collect rocks in the field, make rock samples of different particle sizes, the difference between adjacent rock particle sizes is 5mm, the rock particle sizes d = 1mm, 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm...n, n is the size of complete rock, and different particle size rock samples are respectively put into the detection container.

[0038] In the embodiment two, the detection container is made of aluminum-titanium alloy material, the side length of the detection container should be consistent with the interval of the field detection hole and the size of the complete rock, the middle position of the two parallel faces of the detection container is provided with a detection window, the size of the detection window should be consistent with the size of the ultrasonic probe 11, and the detection window is provided with two semicircular fixed steel rings 12 for fixing the ultrasonic probe 11.

[0039] The probe 12 is placed into the detection window, the probe 12 is fixed by the fixed steel ring, the wave speed v and the amplitude f of different particle size rocks in the ultrasonic detection container are used to calculate the fragmentation degree value μ of different particle size rocks. The curve of the rock fragmentation degree value μ and the wave speed v and the amplitude f is drawn to determine the model of the rock fragmentation degree value μ and the wave speed v and the amplitude f.

[0040] The second step is to drill two detection holes in the rock slope, the distance between the detection holes is 300mm-500mm, the diameter of the detection hole is greater than 10mm of the ultrasonic probe, the ultrasonic probe 12 is installed on the pushing rod 2 of the detection pushing device, the distance between the two pushing rods 2 is adjusted, and the two pushing rods 2 are accurately positioned with the drill hole.

[0041] ​The propelling device comprises a propelling rod 2, a fixed frame 1, a driving wheel 4, a driven wheel 6, a gear 7, an adjusting screw rod 10, a directional valve 3 and a probe mounting frame 9, the driven wheel 6 and the gear 7 are connected and fixed on the fixed frame 1 respectively, the driven wheel 6 rotates to drive the gear 7 to rotate, the gear 7 transmits power to the propelling rod 2 through the gear teeth, the driving wheel 4 is fixed on one side of the fixed frame 1, and is connected with the two driven wheels 6 through the elastic belt 5, the distance between the two propelling rods 2 is set by the adjusting screw rod 10, the propelling rod 2 passes through the directional valve 3, and the probe mounting frame 9 is arranged at the end of the propelling rod.

[0042] In the third step, the driving wheel 4 is rotated to push the two ultrasonic probes 11 into the detection holes at different depths in parallel, the difference between adjacent depths is 50-100 mm, the pushing is stopped at each measuring depth, and the ultrasonic wave velocity v and amplitude f of the slope rock are measured by using the two ultrasonic probes 11 in parallel.

[0043] In the fourth step, the ultrasonic wave velocity v and amplitude f of the slope rock at different depths of the detection hole are brought into the model of the rock breaking degree value and the wave velocity and amplitude established in the laboratory, and the breaking degree value of the rock at different depths of the slope is calculated.

[0044] In the fifth step, according to the calculated breaking degree value of the rock at different depths, the breaking degree value curve of the slope rock is drawn along the longitudinal depth direction of the slope, and the breaking range of the slope is demarcated, when μ=1, the rock is complete, when μ=0.9-1, the rock is relatively complete, when μ=0.7-0.9, the rock is relatively broken, when μ<0.7, the rock is broken, and the distance from the depth position of the slope with μ=1 to the surface of the slope is the breaking range of the slope.

[0045] The above embodiment only describes the preferred mode of the present application, and does not limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements of the technical scheme of the present application made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and evaluating the degree of fracturing of rock slopes, characterized in that, The propulsion device includes: a propulsion rod, a fixed frame, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, a gear, an adjusting screw rod, a directional valve, and a probe mounting bracket; the driven wheel and the gear are connected and fixed to the fixed frame respectively. The rotation of the driven wheel drives the gear to rotate, and the gear transmits power to the propulsion rod through the gear teeth. The driving wheel is fixed to one side of the fixed frame and connected to the two driven wheels through a telescopic belt. The distance between the two propulsion rods is set by the adjusting screw rod. The propulsion rod passes through the directional valve, and the probe mounting bracket is set at the end of the propulsion rod. The side length of the detection container should be consistent with the spacing of the detection holes and the size of the intact rock on site. A detection window is set at the middle position of the two parallel surfaces of the detection container. The size of the detection window is consistent with the size of the detection head. The detection window is equipped with two semi-circular fixed apertures to fix the detection head. The steps include: Rock samples were collected on the rock slope to be tested, and rock samples of different particle sizes were prepared. The rock samples were then placed in different detection containers. The model of the rock slope fragmentation degree value and wave velocity and amplitude is obtained based on the rock sample; the method of obtaining the model includes: using ultrasonic waves to detect the wave velocity and amplitude of rocks of different particle sizes, calculating the fragmentation degree value of rocks of different particle sizes, drawing the curves of the fragmentation degree value of rocks of different particle sizes and wave velocity and amplitude, and determining the model of the rock fragmentation degree value and wave velocity and amplitude. Several detection holes are drilled on the rock slope, and the propulsion device is positioned according to the detection holes; Based on the propulsion device, the rock slope is monitored to obtain the on-site values ​​of ultrasonic wave velocity and amplitude of the rock slope; Based on the model and the field values, the degree of fracturing of the rock slope is obtained; Along the longitudinal depth of the rock slope, a curve showing the change in the degree of fracturing is plotted, and based on the curve, different fracturing ranges of the rock slope are defined.

2. The method for detecting and evaluating the degree of fracturing of rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the degree of breakage includes: inputting the field value into the model to calculate the degree of breakage.

3. The method for detecting and evaluating the degree of fracturing of rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for defining the different fracture ranges includes: drawing a fracture degree value curve of the rock slope along the longitudinal depth direction of the rock slope according to the fracture degree value, and defining the fracture range. The fracture range includes: when the fracture degree value = 1, it is intact rock; when the fracture degree value = 0.9 to 1, it is relatively intact rock; when the fracture degree value = 0.7 to 0.9, it is relatively fractured rock; when the fracture degree value < 0.7, it is fractured rock. The distance from the depth position of the rock slope when the fracture degree value = 1 to the surface of the rock slope is the fracture range.

4. The method for detecting and evaluating the degree of fracturing of rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the detection holes should be 300mm to 500mm, and the diameter of the detection holes should be 10mm larger than that of the ultrasonic probe. The ultrasonic probe is mounted on the push rod. The distance between the two push rods is adjusted to accurately position the two push rods with the detection holes.

5. The method for detecting and evaluating the degree of fracturing of rock slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the field values ​​includes: pushing two ultrasonic probes parallel into the detection holes at different depths, and measuring the field values ​​at different depths of the rock slope.

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