A smart, small-scale container-type cultivation room for oyster mushrooms and its cultivation method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of cultivation of pleurotus cystidiosus, and discloses a small-housing-unit intelligent compartment type cultivation house for pleurotus cystidiosus and a cultivation method, wherein the top of the stroke frame is provided with contact blocks I on both sides of the middle line, stroke devices are fixedly installed on the positions of the top of the stroke frame on both sides of the contact blocks I, guide rail frames are fixedly installed on the positions close to the sides of the bottom of the stroke frame, if the central control equipment at one end of the cultivation chamber is in an open state and the central control equipment at the other end is in a closed state, only the monitors and the environmental regulators on one side of the partition door are in a powered state, and the monitors and the environmental regulators on the other side of the partition door are in a powered-off state, so that when only part of the cavities in the cultivation chamber is enabled, the partition device separates the cavities that are not enabled, and the environmental regulators and the monitors in the separated cavities are in a shutdown state, thereby reducing energy consumption to the maximum extent and reducing the use cost of the device under the premise of ensuring that the device is in normal operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oyster mushroom cultivation technology, specifically to a small-scale intelligent container-type cultivation room for oyster mushrooms and a cultivation method. Background Technology

[0002] Oyster mushrooms are a common and usable fungal species, known for their crisp and tender texture, low fiber content, excellent taste, and high nutritional value. They are also an economically valuable crop. Mushroom farmers use homemade spawn bags to cultivate oyster mushrooms, placing these bags on supports. This reduces the fruiting time from the original 60 days. This oyster mushroom cultivation equipment and method is currently the most commonly used by mushroom farmers, offering advantages such as simple structure, ease of use, and low cost.

[0003] Although traditional cultivation equipment and methods have many advantages, they still have certain limitations in actual use. The interior of traditional cultivation rooms cannot be divided. When the mushroom bags for cultivating oyster mushrooms do not fill the support frame inside the cultivation room, and the environmental regulators inside the cultivation room are all in operation, this leads to increased energy consumption and increases the operating cost of the device. In this regard, this application proposes a small-sized intelligent box-type cultivation room for oyster mushrooms and a cultivation method, aiming to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing small-scale intelligent container-type cultivation room and cultivation method for oyster mushrooms mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides a small-scale intelligent container-type cultivation room and cultivation method for oyster mushrooms, which has the advantages of energy saving and high output efficiency, and solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: a small-sized intelligent box-type cultivation room for oyster mushrooms, including a cultivation chamber. A door is provided on one side of the outer surface of the cultivation chamber. Cultivation racks are fixedly installed at the bottom of the cultivation chamber and distributed in an array. An adjustment device is fixedly installed at the top of the cultivation chamber. A partition device is movably installed at the bottom of the adjustment device. Guide rails II are provided at the bottom of the cultivation chamber near both sides. The guide rails II cooperate with the partition device. Central control devices are fixedly installed at both ends of the cultivation chamber. The central control devices are connected to the adjustment device through power lines.

[0006] Preferably, the adjustment device includes a top frame, which is fixedly installed on the top of the cultivation chamber. Guide rails I are provided on both sides of the center line at the bottom of the top frame. Conductive copper strips are fixedly installed inside the guide rails I. An environmental regulator is fixedly installed on one side of the guide rails I at the bottom of the top frame. The environmental regulator is connected to the conductive copper strips via wires. Monitors are fixedly installed near both sides of the bottom of the top frame. The monitors are connected to the conductive copper strips via wires. A guide plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top frame between the environmental regulator and the guide rails I. The guide plate cooperates with a separation device. The conductive copper strips are connected to the central control equipment via electrical lines.

[0007] Preferably, the separating device includes a travel frame, with contact blocks I on both sides of the top of the travel frame located at the center line. Travelers are fixedly installed on both sides of the contact blocks I on the top of the travel frame. Guide rails are fixedly installed on the bottom of the travel frame near both sides. A guide rail groove is provided on one side of the guide rail groove. A travel block is movably installed inside the guide rail groove. A separating door is fixedly installed on one side of the travel block. Contact blocks II are fixedly installed on the bottom of the travel block near both ends, and the contact blocks II correspond to the guide rails II.

[0008] Preferably, the output end of the guide rail II is connected to the input end of the environmental regulator via a signal connection.

[0009] The preferred cultivation method for small-sized smart container-type cultivation rooms for oyster mushrooms includes the following steps:

[0010] S1: Remove the ring and cool the bags. Place the physiologically mature bags on the cultivation rack, remove the ring and the cotton cover, and set the environmental regulator through the central control equipment to lower the indoor temperature to 9-11℃. The cooling time is 14 hours.

[0011] S2: Open the bag, adjust the temperature, and promote bud formation. Cut the bag opening, removing the plastic film to expose the substrate surface, making the bag surface as large as possible. Scrape away the old inoculum or enlarged primordia to promote primordia formation. Use the central control equipment to set the environmental regulator to maintain the indoor temperature at 25-27℃, without ventilation, increase the carbon dioxide concentration to 0.3%-0.4%, and control the relative humidity of the space at 85%-92%.

[0012] S3: Primordial Formation Period Management: The environmental regulator is set through the central control equipment to keep the indoor temperature at 25-27℃, with no ventilation, and the carbon dioxide concentration is increased to 0.5%-0.7%. The relative humidity of the space is controlled at 85%-93%, and primordia formation is visible on the material surface.

[0013] S4: Management during the growth period. The environmental regulator is set via the central control system. In the morning, maintain the indoor temperature at 25-27℃, without ventilation, and keep the carbon dioxide concentration at 0.5%-0.7%, with relative humidity controlled at 85%-93%. In the afternoon, lower the mushroom house temperature to 24-26℃, with appropriate ventilation. First, reduce the carbon dioxide concentration to 0.2%, and when mushroom buds are observed, increase the carbon dioxide concentration to 0.5%-0.7%.

[0014] S5: Growth period management: The environmental regulator is set through the central control equipment to adjust the indoor temperature from 24-26℃ to 20-22℃, ventilate, reduce the carbon dioxide concentration by 0.1%-0.15%, and control the relative humidity of the mushroom house to 85%-93%;

[0015] S6: Maturity Management: Set the environmental regulator through the central control equipment to continue lowering the indoor temperature to 19-21℃, ventilate, reduce the carbon dioxide concentration by 0.08%-0.12%, turn on the lights to appropriately increase the brightness so that the mushroom caps do not turn dark gray and the mushroom bodies are relatively thick. It takes at least 12-24 hours for oyster mushrooms to change color. Pay attention to the water spraying rhythm. Do not spray water directly on the mushrooms when the temperature difference is too large to avoid the mushrooms turning yellow. At the same time, the carbon dioxide concentration should not be set too low to avoid the mushrooms being blown by the wind, which will make the mushrooms thin and white, and the quality will also deteriorate.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This invention features contact blocks I on both sides of the top of the travel frame located at the center line. Travelers are fixedly installed on both sides of the contact blocks I on the top of the travel frame. During operation, the travelers drive the entire separating device to move along the extension direction of the guide plate. When the separating door is closed, the interior of the cultivation chamber is divided into two independent spaces. Contact blocks II contact the guide rail II, connecting the circuit. If the central control equipment at one end of the cultivation chamber is on and the central control equipment at the other end is off, only the monitor and environmental regulator on one side of the separating door are powered on, while the monitor and environmental regulator on the other side are de-powered. This allows the separating device to separate unused cavities when only some cavities inside the cultivation chamber are in use, and the environmental regulator and monitor in the separated cavities are also off. This minimizes energy consumption while ensuring the device operates normally, thereby reducing the cost of using the device.

[0018] 2. This invention connects the output end of guide rail II to the input end of the environmental regulator via a signal connection. When two different varieties of oyster mushrooms need to be cultivated in the cultivation room, the central control equipment at both ends of the cultivation room can be kept on, so that the central control equipment can control the environmental regulators and monitors on both sides of the partition device respectively. This allows the cavities on both sides of the partition device in the cultivation room to have different temperatures, humidity and carbon dioxide concentrations, thus meeting the needs of cultivating different varieties of oyster mushrooms and improving the practicality of the device.

[0019] 3. This invention, through the cultivation method of this Oyster mushroom, shortens the fruiting time of the spawn bag from the original 60 days to 6-7 days, reducing the time by 90% and increasing the yield by 10%. Moreover, it produces fruiting in one batch, which is both energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and improves quality and efficiency. It realizes intelligent fruiting management technology, with a yield of 250-300g per flush of mushrooms, and Oyster mushrooms can be produced all year round. One fruiting room can produce at least 50 flushes a year. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 The structure of this invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of cross section in the middle AA direction;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structural adjustment device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the structural adjustment device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structural separation device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Cultivation room; 2. Door; 3. Cultivation rack; 4. Adjustment device; 41. Top rack; 42. Guide rail I; 43. Conductive copper strip; 44. Environmental conditioner; 45. Monitor; 46. Guide plate; 5. Separation device; 51. Travel frame; 52. Contact block I; 53. Travel device; 54. Guide rail frame; 55. Guide rail groove; 56. Travel block; 57. Separation door; 58. Contact block II; 6. Guide rail II; 7. Central control equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-3 A small-sized smart container-type cultivation room for oyster mushrooms includes a cultivation room 1, a door 2 on one side of the outer surface of the cultivation room 1, cultivation racks 3 fixedly installed at the bottom of the cultivation room 1, the cultivation racks 3 being distributed in an array, an adjustment device 4 fixedly installed at the top of the cultivation room 1, a partition device 5 movably installed at the bottom of the adjustment device 4, guide rails II 6 located near both sides of the bottom of the cultivation room 1, the guide rails II 6 cooperating with the partition device 5, and a central control device 7 fixedly installed at both ends of the cultivation room 1, the central control device 7 being connected to the adjustment device 4 via an electrical circuit.

[0030] Please see Figures 4-5 The regulating device 4 includes a top frame 41, which is fixedly installed on the top of the incubation chamber 1. Guide rails I 42 are provided on both sides of the center line at the bottom of the top frame 41. Conductive copper strips 43 are fixedly installed inside the guide rails I 42. An environmental regulator 44 is fixedly installed on one side of the guide rails I 42 at the bottom of the top frame 41. The environmental regulator 44 is connected to the conductive copper strips 43 through wires. Monitors 45 are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the top frame 41. The monitors 45 are connected to the conductive copper strips 43 through wires. A guide plate 46 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top frame 41 between the environmental regulator 44 and the guide rails I 42. The guide plate 46 cooperates with the separation device 5. The conductive copper strips 43 are connected to the central control device 7 through power lines.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-7The partition device 5 includes a travel frame 51. Contact blocks I 52 are located on both sides of the top of the travel frame 51 at the center line. Travelers 53 are fixedly installed on the top of the travel frame 51 at the positions on both sides of the contact blocks I 52. During operation, the travelers 53 drive the partition device 5 to move along the extension direction of the guide plate 46. When the partition door 57 is closed, it divides the interior of the cultivation chamber 1 into two independent spaces. Contact blocks II 58 contact the guide rail II 6, connecting the circuit. If the central control device 7 at one end of the cultivation chamber 1 is open and the central control device 7 at the other end is closed, only the monitor 45 and environmental regulator 44 located on one side of the partition door 57 are energized, while the monitor 45 and environmental regulator 44 on the other side of the partition door 57 are energized. The regulator 44 is in a de-energized state, so that when only some cavities inside the incubation chamber 1 are used, the unused cavities can be separated by the partition device 5. The environmental regulator 44 and monitor 45 in the separated cavities are also in a de-energized state, thereby minimizing energy consumption while ensuring the normal operation of the device, thus reducing the cost of using the device. The bottom of the travel frame 51 is fixedly installed with a guide rail frame 54 near both sides. A guide rail groove 55 is opened on one side of the guide rail frame 54. A travel block 56 is movably installed inside the guide rail groove 55. A partition door 57 is fixedly installed on one side of the travel block 56. Contact blocks II 58 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the travel block 56 near both ends. Contact blocks II 58 correspond to guide rail II 6.

[0032] Please see Figures 1-3 The output end of guide rail II6 is connected to the input end of environmental regulator 44 via a signal connection. When two different varieties of oyster mushrooms need to be cultivated in the cultivation room 1, the central control equipment 7 at both ends of the cultivation room 1 can be kept on, so that the central control equipment 7 can control the environmental regulator 44 and the monitor 45 on both sides of the partition device 5 respectively, so that the cavities on both sides of the partition device 5 in the cultivation room 1 are at different temperatures, humidity and carbon dioxide concentrations, thereby meeting the needs of cultivating different varieties of oyster mushrooms and improving the practicality of the device.

[0033] Please see Figures 1-3 The cultivation method for small-scale smart container-type cultivation rooms for oyster mushrooms includes the following steps:

[0034] S1: On the first day of cooling after removing the ring and cooling the bags, place the physiologically mature bags on the cultivation rack 3, remove the ring and the cotton cover, and set the environmental regulator 44 through the central control device 7 to lower the indoor temperature to 9-11℃. The cooling time is 14 hours.

[0035] S2: On the second day after opening the bag and adjusting the temperature to promote bud formation, cut the bag opening, remove the plastic film to expose the substrate, making the bag surface as large as possible, scrape off the old inoculum or large primordia to promote primordia formation, and use the central control device 7 to set the environmental regulator 44 to maintain the indoor temperature at 25-27℃, without ventilation, increase the carbon dioxide concentration to 0.3%-0.4%, and control the relative humidity of the space at 85%-92%;

[0036] S3: On the third day of the primordia formation period, the environmental regulator 44 is set through the central control device 7 to keep the indoor temperature at 25-27℃, with no ventilation, and the carbon dioxide concentration is increased to 0.5%-0.7%, while the relative humidity is controlled at 85%-93%. Primordia formation is visible on the material surface.

[0037] S4: On the fourth day of the elongation period, the environmental regulator 44 is set via the central control device 7. In the morning, the indoor temperature is maintained at 25-27℃, with no ventilation, and the carbon dioxide concentration is maintained at 0.5%-0.7%, with the relative humidity controlled at 85%-93%. In the afternoon, the mushroom house temperature is lowered to 24-26℃, and ventilation is allowed. The carbon dioxide concentration is first reduced to 0.2%, and when mushroom buds are seen, the carbon dioxide concentration is increased to 0.5%-0.7%.

[0038] S5: Day 5 of growth period management: Set the environmental regulator 44 through the central control device 7 to adjust the indoor temperature from 24-26℃ to 20-22℃, ventilate, reduce the carbon dioxide concentration by 0.1%-0.15%, and control the relative humidity of the mushroom house to 85%-93%;

[0039] S6: Day 6 of Maturity Management: Set the environmental regulator 44 via the central control device 7 to further reduce the indoor temperature to 19-21℃, ventilate, reduce the carbon dioxide concentration by 0.08%-0.12%, turn on the lights to appropriately increase the brightness, so that the mushroom caps do not turn dark gray and the mushrooms are relatively thick. It takes at least 12-24 hours for oyster mushrooms to change color. Pay attention to the water spraying rhythm. Do not spray water directly on the mushrooms when the temperature difference is too large to avoid yellowing. At the same time, the carbon dioxide concentration should not be set too low to avoid the mushrooms being blown by the wind, which will make the mushrooms thin and white, and the quality will also deteriorate.

[0040] Compared with the mushroom bags made by mushroom farmers themselves, this cultivation method shortens the fruiting time of the bags from 60 days to 6-7 days, a reduction of 90%, and increases the yield by 10%. Moreover, it produces fruit in one batch, which is both energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and improves quality and efficiency. It also achieves intelligent fruiting management technology, with a yield of 250-300g per flush of mushrooms, and can produce oyster mushrooms all year round. One fruiting room can produce at least 50 flushes a year.

[0041] The method of using this invention is as follows:

[0042] During use, the position of the partition device 5 is controlled by the central control device 7 according to the specific number of spawn bags to be cultivated, until the cavity partitioned by the partition device 5 is sufficient to hold the spawn bags. When the partition door 57 is closed, the interior of the cultivation chamber 1 is divided into two independent spaces, and the contact block II 58 contacts the guide rail II 6, thus connecting the circuit. If the central control device 7 at one end of the cultivation chamber 1 is open and the central control device 7 at the other end is closed, then only the monitor 45 and the environmental regulator 44 located on one side of the partition door 57 are powered on, while the monitor 45 and the environmental regulator 44 on the other side of the partition door 57 are powered on. When the power is off, if only some of the cavities inside the cultivation chamber 1 are in use, the unused cavities can be separated by the partition device 5. The environmental regulators 44 and monitors 45 in the separated cavities are also in a stopped state. When two different varieties of oyster mushrooms need to be cultivated in the cultivation chamber 1, the central control devices 7 at both ends of the cultivation chamber 1 can be kept on, so that the central control devices 7 can control the environmental regulators 44 and monitors 45 on both sides of the partition device 5 respectively, so that the cavities on both sides of the partition device 5 in the cultivation chamber 1 are at different temperatures, humidity and carbon dioxide concentrations.

Claims

1. A small-sized intelligent compartmental cultivation house for Pleurotus ostreatus, comprising a cultivation chamber (1), characterized in that: The outside surface of the cultivation room (1) is provided with a door (2), the bottom of the cultivation room (1) is fixedly installed with cultivation shelves (3) in an array, the top of the cultivation room (1) is fixedly installed with adjusting devices (4), the bottom of the adjusting devices (4) is movably installed with separating devices (5), the bottom of the cultivation room (1) is provided with guide rails II (6) near the two sides, the guide rails II (6) are matched with the separating devices (5), and the two ends of the cultivation room (1) are fixedly installed with central control equipment (7), which is connected with the adjusting devices (4) through a power supply line; The separating devices (5) comprise stroke frames (51), the top of the stroke frame (51) is provided with contact blocks I (52) on the two sides of the middle line, the top of the stroke frame (51) is fixedly installed with stroke devices (53) on the two sides of the contact blocks I (52), the bottom of the stroke frame (51) is fixedly installed with guide rail frames (54) near the two sides, one side of the guide rail frame (54) is provided with a guide rail groove (55), the guide rail groove (55) is movably installed with stroke blocks (56) in the inside, one side of the stroke block (56) is fixedly installed with separating doors (57), the bottom of the stroke block (56) is fixedly installed with contact blocks II (58) near the two ends, and the contact blocks II (58) correspond to the guide rails II (6); The adjusting devices (4) comprise top frames (41), which are fixedly installed on the top of the cultivation room (1), the bottom of the top frame (41) is provided with guide rails I (42) on the two sides of the middle line, the inside of the guide rails I (42) is fixedly installed with conductive copper bars (43), the bottom of the top frame (41) is fixedly installed with environment regulators (44) on one side of the guide rails I (42), the environment regulators (44) are connected with the conductive copper bars (43) through wires, the bottom of the top frame (41) is fixedly installed with monitors (45) near the two sides, the monitors (45) are connected with the conductive copper bars (43) through wires, the bottom of the top frame (41) is fixedly installed with guide plates (46) between the environment regulators (44) and the guide rails I (42), the guide plates (46) are matched with the separating devices (5), and the conductive copper bars (43) are connected with the central control equipment (7) through a power supply line; The output end of the guide rails II (6) is connected with the input end of the environment regulators (44) in a signal connection mode.

2. The cultivation method of the small-sized smart compartmental cultivation house for Pleurotus geesterum according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: removing the ring, cooling, and placing the physiologically mature bag on the cultivation shelf (3), removing the ring cover and the cotton cover, setting the environment regulator (44) through the central control equipment (7), reducing the indoor temperature to 9-11℃, and cooling for 14 hours; S2: open bag mouth temperature bud, cutting bag mouth, cut off the bag mouth film exposed to the material surface, bag surface as far as possible, scraping the old strain or the original large base, promote the formation of the original base, through the central control equipment (7) on the environmental regulator (44) settings, the indoor temperature control in 25-27℃, no ventilation, the carbon dioxide concentration is increased to 0.3%-0.4%, the relative humidity of space control 85%-92%; S3: the original base formation period management, through the central control equipment (7) on the environmental regulator (44) settings, the indoor temperature control 25-27℃, no ventilation, continue to improve the carbon dioxide concentration to 0.5%-0.7%, the relative humidity of space control 85%-93%, the material surface can be seen the formation of the original base; S4: elongation period management, through the central control equipment (7) on the environmental regulator (44) settings, the indoor temperature in the morning to maintain 25-27℃, no ventilation, carbon dioxide concentration maintained 0.5%-0.7%, the relative humidity of space control 85%-93%, in the afternoon, reduce the temperature of the mushroom house 24-26℃, can be appropriately ventilated, first reduce the carbon dioxide concentration to 0.2%, when you see the mushroom bud, then increase the carbon dioxide concentration to 0.5%-0.7%; S5: growth period management: through the central control equipment (7) on the environmental regulator (44) settings, the indoor temperature from 24-26℃ to 20-22℃, ventilation, reduce the carbon dioxide concentration 0.1%-0.15%, the relative humidity of mushroom house control 85%-93%; S6: mature period management: through the central control equipment (7) on the environmental regulator (44) settings, the indoor temperature continues to decrease to 19-21℃, ventilation, reduce the carbon dioxide concentration 0.08%-0.12%, light, appropriate to enhance the brightness, so that the cap of the mushroom does not turn into dark gray, the mushroom body is relatively thick, the color of the beautiful fungus mushroom needs at least 12-24 hours, pay attention to the rhythm of water spray, the temperature difference is too large, do not directly spray water on the mushroom, so as to prevent the mushroom from yellowing; at the same time, the carbon dioxide concentration can not be too low, so as to prevent the mushroom from being blown directly by the wind, the mushroom will become thin and white, and the quality will also be poor.

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