Single drive pitch synchronous adjustment device and method for coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft

Abstract

The application discloses a single-driving pitch synchronous adjusting device and method of coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft. The device comprises a main adjusting base (1), a front slip ring (2), a base (3), a front hub (4), a front blade (5), a rear blade (6), a front adjusting base (7), a rear slip ring (8), a rear adjusting base (9), a rear hub (10), a motor support (12), a first rotating shaft (13), a second rotating shaft (14), a front guide rod (15), a rear guide rod (16), a pitch changing sleeve (17), a cylindrical pin (18), an adjusting push rod (19) and a limiting steel sleeve (20). The method steps are as follows: calculating the number of circles n that a servo motor should rotate, controlling the servo motor to rotate, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the front blade (5) and the rear blade (6) on the front hub (4) and the rear hub (5). The application has simple structure and can realize the synchronous fine adjustment of the angles of the blade components on different rotating shafts or fixed supports of the coaxial center.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the aerospace field, specifically to a single-drive pitch synchronization adjustment device and method for coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft. Background Technology

[0002] Coaxial counter-rotor aircraft do not require a tail rotor to provide balancing torque, resulting in a smaller size compared to single-rotor helicopters. Compared to multi-rotor aircraft, in addition to their smaller size, they also have higher energy efficiency. Therefore, they are increasingly occupying an important position in various application fields such as aerial photography and aerial surveillance.

[0003] Existing coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft consist of two propellers mounted on inner and outer shafts on the same axis, each with opposite directions and the same rotational speed. Because the front and rear propellers rotate in opposite directions, the rear propeller can partially absorb the energy loss caused by the wake vortex of the front propeller. This type of counter-rotating propeller can balance torque and improve propulsion efficiency.

[0004] However, coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft need to constantly change the blade pitch during operation so that the counter-rotating propeller can work at the optimal blade angle under any operating conditions.

[0005] Existing technologies use three actuators to adjust the translational degree of freedom of the upper and lower blades and the other two rotational degrees of freedom, or use a dual-drive method to adjust the blade angles of the front and rear blades separately.

[0006] These solutions make it difficult to achieve synchronous adjustment of the front and rear blades of a coaxial counter-rotating propeller using a single drive or single actuator. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a single-drive pitch synchronization adjustment device for a coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft, comprising a main adjustment base, a front slip ring, a base, a front rotor hub, a front rotor blade, a rear rotor blade, a front adjustment base, a rear slip ring, a rear adjustment base, a rear rotor hub, a motor bracket, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a front guide rod, a rear guide rod, a pitch sleeve, a cylindrical pin, an adjustment push rod, and a limiting steel sleeve.

[0008] The end face of the main adjusting seat is provided with a threaded hole, which engages with the external thread of the lead screw, thereby connecting the lead screw to the main adjusting seat.

[0009] The main adjusting seat and the front slip ring are connected by a rolling bearing.

[0010] The main adjusting seat and the front slip ring can move together in the axial direction, and the main adjusting seat and the front slip ring can rotate relative to each other around the axis.

[0011] The end surface of the main adjusting base is provided with a guide rod mounting hole, which is used for mounting a guide rod.

[0012] The base is coaxial with the front hub.

[0013] A group of rolling bearings are mounted between the inner cylindrical surface of the base and the outer cylindrical surface of the front hub, and a steel sleeve is mounted between the rolling bearings.

[0014] The inner ring of the rolling bearing between the base and the front hub is axially limited by two locking nuts, and the outer ring of the bearing is limited by a motor support.

[0015] A plurality of first through holes are formed in the front hub, which are used for mounting front blades.

[0016] A plurality of front guide rod mounting holes are formed in the plane of the front hub perpendicular to the axis.

[0017] The front hub and the first rotating shaft are connected by a key.

[0018] The front adjusting base and the rear sliding ring are connected by rolling bearings.

[0019] The front adjusting base and the rear sliding ring can move together in the axial direction. The front adjusting base and the rear sliding ring can rotate relative to each other around the axis.

[0020] Adjusting push rod mounting holes are formed in the front adjusting base and the rear adjusting base.

[0021] A plurality of second through holes are formed in the rear hub, which are used for mounting rear blades.

[0022] A plurality of rear guide rod mounting holes are formed in the plane of the rear hub perpendicular to the axis.

[0023] The rear hub and the second rotating shaft are connected by a key.

[0024] The motor support is used for mounting a servo motor.

[0025] A third through hole is formed in the end surface of the motor support, which cooperates with a guide sleeve. The guide sleeve cooperates with the guide rod mounted on the main adjusting base, so that the main adjusting base can only slide in the axial direction.

[0026] The front guide rod is connected to the front adjusting base after passing through the front guide rod mounting hole in the front hub, and the other end is connected to the front sliding ring.

[0027] One end of the rear guide rod is connected to the rear adjusting base after passing through the rear guide rod mounting hole in the rear hub, and the other end is connected to the rear sliding ring.

[0028] The pitch changing sleeve and the adjusting push rod are connected by a pin shaft, and a retaining ring is used to prevent the pin shaft from coming out.

[0029] The variable pitch sleeve is fixedly connected with the front blade and the rear blade through a cylindrical pin.

[0030] One end of the adjusting push rod passes through the adjusting push rod mounting hole on the front adjusting base and the rear adjusting base, and is connected with the front adjusting base and the rear adjusting base through a threaded pin; the other end of the adjusting push rod is connected with the variable pitch sleeve in the front blade and the rear blade.

[0031] The limiting steel sleeve is respectively installed between the front blade, the rear blade and the variable pitch sleeve, and the outer convex part of the limiting steel sleeve is in contact with the inner circular plane of the front blade hub and the rear blade hub, so as to prevent the blade from falling out.

[0032] Further, when the adjusting device works, the servo motor drives the lead screw to rotate, so that the main adjusting base moves, and then the front adjusting base and the rear adjusting base move synchronously, so that the front blade and the rear blade on the front blade hub and the rear blade hub rotate synchronously.

[0033] Further, the outer cylindrical surface of the front blade hub is circumferentially distributed with a plurality of blade assembly mounting holes of the same size, i.e. first through holes.

[0034] The outer cylindrical surface of the rear blade hub is circumferentially distributed with a plurality of blade mounting holes of the same size, i.e. second through holes.

[0035] Further, it further comprises a spline sleeve.

[0036] The spline sleeve is fixed with the front blade hub, and the inner spline of the spline sleeve is matched with

[0037] The outer spline of the first rotating shaft is matched, which limits the circumferential rotation of the front blade hub and the first rotating shaft, and limits the axial direction of the front blade hub and the first rotating shaft through the retaining ring.

[0038] The front blade hub is connected with the second rotating shaft through a bearing, and the bearing plays a supporting role.

[0039] The rear blade hub is matched with the outer spline on the second rotating shaft through the inner spline. The inner spline is used to limit the mutual rotation of the rear blade hub and the second rotating shaft.

[0040] The shaft sleeve is installed between the front blade hub and the rear blade hub, the tail part of the second rotating shaft is provided with a locking nut, and the axial position of the rear blade hub is limited. One side of the shaft sleeve is in contact with the end face of the inner ring of the bearing supporting the front blade hub, and the other side is in contact with the inner end face of the rear blade hub, so that the front blade hub and the rear blade hub do not interfere with each other.

[0041] Further, the two ends of the rear guide rod are respectively connected with the rear sliding ring and the rear adjusting base and are fixedly connected through an inner hexagonal screw and a hexagonal nut.

[0042] Further, it further comprises a resilient retainer.

[0043] The elastic check ring limits the axial direction of the rolling bearing.

[0044] Further, the shape of the adjusting push rod mounting hole comprises a straight edge ellipse.

[0045] Further, one end of the adjusting push rod is connected with the front adjusting base and the rear adjusting base through a threaded pin, and the other end is connected with the variable pitch sleeve on the front blade assembly through a pin shaft and a check ring.

[0046] Further, the first through hole and the second through hole are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

[0047] The use method of the single-drive pitch synchronous adjusting device of the coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft comprises the following steps:

[0048] 1) Measure the initial angles θ1 of the front and rear blades, the length l1 of the variable pitch sleeve, and the length l2 of the adjusting push rod.

[0049] 2) Determine the required adjusted blade angle θ2.

[0050] 3) Calculate the distance between the front and rear adjusting base mounting threaded pin circular hole axis and the front and rear adjusting base mounting threaded pin circular hole axis; wherein, the distance before adjustment is x1; the distance after adjustment is x2;

[0051] 4) Calculate the moving distance L1 of the front adjusting base and the moving distance L2 of the rear adjusting base, i.e.

[0052] L1 = L2 = x2 - x1 (1)

[0053] 5) Calculate the number of turns n that the servo motor should rotate, i.e.

[0054]

[0055] wherein, p is the lead of the screw. The distance L = L1 = L2;

[0056] 6) Control the servo motor to rotate according to the number of turns n that the servo motor should rotate, so as to move the main adjusting base, and then synchronously move the front adjusting base and the rear adjusting base, to realize the synchronous rotation of the front and rear blades on the front and rear hubs. The technical effects of the present application are self-evident, and the advantages of the present application are as follows:

[0057] 1) The original driving member for driving the angle adjusting device is only one, which is low in energy consumption and high in reliability;

[0058] 2) The device structure is simple, and can realize the synchronous fine adjustment of the angles of blade components on different rotating shafts or fixed supports of the same axis;

[0059] 3) The mechanism is symmetrical as a whole, the parts of the front and rear angle adjustment devices are of the same size, and the synchronization of angle adjustment is good;

[0060] 4) The mechanism has good guiding performance and high adjustment precision, and the rotating shaft can maintain good stability even at high speed;

[0061] 5) The device occupies small space and is convenient to adjust, and can be applied to various complex working conditions;

[0062] 6) The present application can replace the blade with a tool or other parts, and the device is more versatile and has a wider range of use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the present application;

[0064] Figure 2 is a sectional view of Figure 1 ;

[0065] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the main mechanism of the present application;

[0066] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the front blade assembly;

[0067] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the rear slip ring;

[0068] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the working principle of the main mechanism of the present application;

[0069] Figure 7 is a partial sectional view of the front blade assembly;

[0070] In the figure: main adjustment seat 1, front slip ring 2, base 3, front blade hub 4, front blade 5, rear blade 6, front adjustment base 7, rear slip ring 8, rear adjustment base 9, rear blade hub 10, spline sleeve 11, motor support 12, first rotating shaft 13, second rotating shaft 14, front guide rod 15, rear guide rod 16, variable pitch sleeve 17, cylindrical pin 18, adjustment push rod 19, limiting steel sleeve 20, guide rod 21, guide sleeve 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with examples, but should not be understood as limiting the above-mentioned subject matter of the present application to the following examples. Various substitutions and modifications can be made according to ordinary technical knowledge and conventional means in the art without departing from the above-mentioned technical idea of the present application, and all of them should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0072] Example 1:

[0073] Referring to Figures 1 to 7The single driving pitch synchronous adjusting device of coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft comprises a main adjusting seat 1, a front sliding ring 2, a base 3, a front hub 4, a front blade 5, a rear blade 6, a front adjusting base 7, a rear sliding ring 8, a rear adjusting base 9, a rear hub 10, a motor support 12, a first rotating shaft 13, a second rotating shaft 14, a front guide rod 15, a rear guide rod 16, a pitch changing sleeve 17, a cylindrical pin 18, an adjusting push rod 19 and a limiting steel sleeve 20.

[0074] The end surface of the main adjusting seat 1 is provided with a threaded hole, which is matched with the external thread of the lead screw, so as to connect the lead screw on the main adjusting seat 1.

[0075] The main adjusting seat 1 and the front sliding ring 2 are connected through a rolling bearing.

[0076] The main adjusting seat 1 and the front sliding ring 2 can move together in the axial direction, and the main adjusting seat 1 and the front sliding ring 2 can rotate relative to each other around the axis.

[0077] The end surface of the main adjusting seat 1 is provided with a guide rod mounting hole, which is used for mounting the guide rod.

[0078] The inner ring of the rolling bearing between the base 3 and the front hub 4 is axially limited by two locking nuts, and the outer ring of the bearing is limited by the motor support;

[0079] Specifically, the base 3 is coaxial with the front hub 4, a set of rolling bearings are installed between the outer cylindrical surface of the front hub 4 and the inner cylindrical surface of the base 3, a steel sleeve is installed between the two rolling bearings, external threads are processed on the front hub 4, the inner ring of the bearing is axially limited by the nut, and the outer ring of the bearing is limited by the end surface of the motor support 12, so that the front hub 4 can only rotate around the base;

[0080] A plurality of first through holes are formed on the front hub 4, which are used for mounting the front blade 5.

[0081] A plurality of front guide rod mounting holes are formed on the plane of the front hub 4 perpendicular to the axis.

[0082] The front hub 4 and the first rotating shaft 13 are connected by a key.

[0083] The front adjusting base 7 and the rear sliding ring 8 are connected through a rolling bearing.

[0084] The front adjusting base 7 and the rear sliding ring 8 can move together in the axial direction. The front adjusting base 7 and the rear sliding ring 8 can rotate relative to each other around the axis.

[0085] Adjusting push rod mounting holes are formed on the front adjusting base 7 and the rear adjusting base 9.

[0086] The rear hub 10 is provided with a plurality of second through holes for mounting the rear blades 6.

[0087] The rear hub 10 is provided with a plurality of rear guide rod mounting holes in the plane perpendicular to the axis.

[0088] The rear hub 10 and the second rotating shaft 14 are connected by a key.

[0089] The motor support 12 is used for mounting a servo motor.

[0090] The end surface of the motor support 12 is provided with a third through hole which cooperates with a guide sleeve 22, and the guide sleeve 22 cooperates with a guide rod 21 mounted on the main adjusting base 1, so that the main adjusting base 1 can only slide along the axis direction.

[0091] The front guide rod 15 passes through the front guide rod mounting hole on the front hub 4 and is connected with the front adjusting base 7, and the other end is connected with the front sliding ring 2.

[0092] One end of the rear guide rod 16 passes through the rear guide rod mounting hole on the rear hub 10 and is connected with the rear adjusting base 9, and the other end is connected with the rear sliding ring 8.

[0093] The pitch sleeve 17 and the adjusting push rod 19 are connected by a pin shaft, and a retaining ring is used to prevent the pin shaft from falling out.

[0094] The pitch sleeve 17 and the front / rear blades are fixedly connected by a cylindrical pin 18.

[0095] One end of the adjusting push rod 19 passes through the adjusting push rod mounting hole on the front adjusting base 7 and the rear adjusting base 9, and is connected with the front adjusting base 7 and the rear adjusting base 9 by a threaded pin; the other end of the adjusting push rod 19 is connected with the pitch sleeve in the front blade 5 and the rear blade 6.

[0096] The limiting steel sleeve 20 is installed between the front / rear blades and the pitch sleeve, and the inner surface of the front / rear hub is processed with a circular plane at the front / rear blade through hole, and the outer convex part of the limiting steel sleeve contacts with the circular plane of the inner surface of the front / rear hub, which is used to prevent the blade from falling out.

[0097] When the adjusting device works, the servo motor drives the lead screw to rotate, so that the main adjusting base 1 moves, and then the front adjusting base 7 and the rear adjusting base 9 move synchronously, so that the front blade 5 and the rear blade 6 on the front hub 4 and the rear hub 10 rotate synchronously.

[0098] The outer cylindrical surface of the front hub 4 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of blade assembly mounting holes of the same size, i.e. first through holes.

[0099] The outer cylindrical surface of the rear hub 10 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of blade mounting holes of the same size, i.e. second through holes.

[0100] Further comprising spline sleeve 11.

[0101] Spline sleeve 11 is fixed with front hub 4, and the inner spline of spline sleeve 11 is matched with

[0102] The outer spline of first rotating shaft 13 is matched, which limits the mutual rotation of front hub 4 and first rotating shaft 13 in the circumferential direction, and limits the axial direction of front hub 4 and first rotating shaft 13 through the ring.

[0103] The front hub 4 and the second rotating shaft 14 are connected through the bearing, and the bearing plays a supporting role.

[0104] The rear hub 10 is matched with the outer spline of the second rotating shaft 14 through the inner spline. The inner spline is used to limit the mutual rotation of the rear hub 10 and the second rotating shaft 14.

[0105] The shaft sleeve is installed between the front hub 4 and the rear hub 10, and the lock nut is installed at the tail of the second rotating shaft to limit the axial position of the rear hub. One side of the shaft sleeve is in contact with the end face of the inner ring of the bearing supporting the front hub, and the other side is in contact with the inner end face of the rear hub. The front hub 4 and the rear hub 10 do not interfere with each other.

[0106] The rear guide rod 16 is connected with the rear sliding ring 8 and the rear adjusting base 9 at both ends respectively and is fixed through the internal hexagonal screw and the hexagonal nut.

[0107] Further comprising elastic retainer ring.

[0108] The elastic retainer ring limits the axial direction of the rolling bearing.

[0109] The shape of the adjusting push rod mounting hole includes a straight edge ellipse.

[0110] One end of the adjusting push rod 9 is connected with the front adjusting base 7 and the rear adjusting base 9 through a threaded pin, and the other end is connected with the variable pitch sleeve 17 on the front blade assembly through a pin shaft and a ring.

[0111] All adjusting push rods (9) are connected with the front / rear adjusting base on one side and connected with the variable pitch sleeve (17) in the front / rear blade assembly on the other side; (the adjusting push rod (9) is not directly connected with the front / rear blade, and the variable pitch sleeve is fixedly connected with the front / rear blade through a cylindrical pin);

[0112] The front / rear blade assembly includes front / rear blade, variable pitch sleeve, limiting steel sleeve, and cylindrical pin; (these parts are a whole during adjustment and move simultaneously).

[0113] The first through hole and the second through hole are circumferentially distributed.

[0114] The use method of the single-drive pitch synchronous adjusting device of the coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft includes the following steps:

[0115] 1) Measure the initial angle θ1 of the front blade 5 and the rear blade 6, the length l1 of the pitch sleeve 17, and the length l2 of the adjusting push rod 19.

[0116] 2) Determine the required adjusted blade angle θ2.

[0117] 3) Calculate the distance x1 and x2 between the axis of the front blade 5 and the rear blade 6 before and after adjustment and the axis of the circular hole of the threaded pin installed on the front adjustment base 7 and the rear adjustment base 9, i.e. x1 = L1 - l1 - l2 (2) x2 = L2 - l1 - l2 (3) Wherein, the distance before adjustment is x1; the distance after adjustment is x2.

[0118] If the initial angle of the front blade (5) is measured in step 1, the distance calculated in step 3 is the distance between the axis of the front blade rotating shaft and the axis of the circular hole of the threaded pin installed on the corresponding front adjustment base. If the initial angle of the rear blade (6) is measured in step 1, the same applies. That is, when θ1 and θ2 are the initial angle of the front blade and the adjusted blade angle, x1 and x2 represent the distance between the axis of the front blade rotating shaft before and after adjustment and the axis of the circular hole of the threaded pin installed on the front adjustment base. When θ1 and θ2 are the initial angle of the rear blade and the adjusted blade angle, x1 and x2 represent the distance between the axis of the rear blade rotating shaft before and after adjustment and the axis of the circular hole of the threaded pin installed on the rear adjustment base.

[0119] 4) Calculate the moving distance L1 of the front adjustment base 7 and the moving distance L2 of the rear adjustment base 9, i.e.

[0120] L1 = L2 = x2 - x1 (1)

[0121] 5) Calculate the number of turns n that the servo motor should rotate, i.e.

[0122]

[0123] Wherein, p is the lead of the screw. The distance L = L1 = L2;

[0124] 6) Control the servo motor to rotate according to the number of turns n that the servo motor should rotate, so as to move the main adjustment base 1, and then move the front adjustment base 7 and the rear adjustment base 9 synchronously, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the front blade 5 and the rear blade 6 on the front hub 4 and the rear hub 10.

[0125] Example 2:

[0126] The number of front blades of the coaxial counter-rotating propeller in this embodiment is 6, and the number of rear blades is 4. The single-drive pitch synchronous adjusting device of the coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft comprises a main adjusting seat 1, a front sliding ring 2, a base 3, a front adjusting base 7, a rear sliding ring 8, a rear adjusting base 9, a front guide rod 15, a rear guide rod 16, a front blade 5, a rear blade 6, an adjusting push rod 19, a motor support 12, a front hub 4, a rear hub 10, a motor support 12, a first rotating shaft 13, a second rotating shaft 14, a pitch sleeve 17, a cylindrical pin 18, and a limiting steel sleeve 20.

[0127] Pitch refers to the distance that a helicopter's rotor or a fixed-wing propeller rotates 360 degrees, walking upwards or forwards. The greater the angle between the propeller blade and the rotation plane, the greater the pitch. When the angle of the blade and the rotation plane is 0, the pitch is also 0.

[0128] The device is divided into front and rear inclination angle adjusting mechanisms, both of which are composed of a plurality of crank slider mechanisms uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the number of mechanisms can be adjusted according to actual needs; the crank in the crank slider mechanism is a pitch sleeve, the connecting rod is an adjusting push rod, and the slider is a front adjusting base and a rear adjusting base.

[0129] The front hub 4 and the rear hub 10 are circumferentially uniformly distributed with a plurality of through holes for installing blades 5; the front hub 4 has three front guide rod mounting holes perpendicular to the axis plane, and the outer cylindrical surface is circumferentially uniformly distributed with a plurality of blade assembly 5 mounting holes of the same size, the front guide rod is connected with the front adjusting base 7 after passing through the front guide rod mounting hole on the front hub and is fixed by an internal hexagonal screw, the spline sleeve is fixed with the front hub by an internal hexagonal screw through the screw mounting hole, and the internal spline of the spline sleeve cooperates with the external spline of the first rotating shaft to limit the circumferential rotation of the two and limit the axis direction by a retaining ring.

[0130] The rear hub 10 is provided with three rear guide rod mounting holes perpendicular to the axis plane, and the outer cylindrical surface is circumferentially uniformly distributed with a plurality of blade mounting holes of the same size, the rear guide rod is connected with the rear sliding ring 8 and the rear adjusting base 9 at both ends through the rear guide rod mounting hole on the rear hub and is fixed by an internal hexagonal screw; the front hub 4 and the rear hub 10 are keyed connected with the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft respectively.

[0131] The front adjusting base and the rear sliding ring are connected by a rolling bearing, and the axis direction of the rolling bearing is limited by an elastic retainer, the front adjusting base and the rear sliding ring can move together in the axis direction, and they can rotate around the axis.

[0132] The main adjusting seat and the front sliding ring are connected by a rolling bearing, and the axis direction of the rolling bearing is limited by an elastic retainer, the adjusting base and the front sliding ring can move together in the axis direction, and they can rotate around the axis.

[0133] The installation hole of the adjusting push rod 19 on the front and rear adjusting bases 7 and 9 is in the shape of a runway, the adjusting push rod 19 passes through the installation hole of the adjusting push rod on the front and rear adjusting bases 7 and 9, and is connected with the front and rear adjusting bases 7 and 9 through a threaded pin, and the other end of the adjusting push rod 19 is connected with the pitch sleeve 17 through a shaft and a collar.

[0134] The end face of the main adjusting base 1 is machined with a threaded hole, which is matched with the external thread of the lead screw; the end face of the main adjusting base 1 is machined with a guide rod installation hole, which is used for installing a guide rod, and the guide rod is tightly matched with the guide rod installation hole.

[0135] The rear blade 6 is used for installing a servo motor, and the end face is machined with a through hole, which is tightly matched with a guide sleeve, and the guide sleeve is matched with the guide rod installed on the main adjusting base 1, so that the main adjusting base 1 can only slide along the axial direction.

[0136] The main adjusting base 1 is moved in sequence by driving the lead screw to rotate through the servo motor, and the front and rear adjusting bases are further moved synchronously, so that the blades on the front and rear hubs are finally rotated synchronously.

[0137] The adjusting steps are as follows:

[0138] Step one: obtaining the initial angle θ1 of the blade and the final angle θ2 after the required adjustment, and setting the length of the crank as l1 and the length of the connecting rod as l2;

[0139] Step two: obtaining the distance between the rotation shaft of the blade in the crank slider mechanism and the main adjusting base 1 before and after the distance adjustment x1 and x2 according to the size parameters of the crank slider mechanism and the angles θ1 and θ2;

[0140] Step three: obtaining the moving distance L of the slider according to the distance values x1 and x2 obtained in step two:

[0141] L=x2-x1

[0142] Step four: obtaining the number of rotations n of the servo motor required for rotating the required angle according to the lead p of the lead screw, i.e. the distance of the nut moving when the lead screw rotates one circle.

[0143]

[0144] Example 3:

[0145] The application discloses a single driving pitch synchronous adjusting device of a coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft.

[0146] The end surface of the main adjusting seat 1 is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole is matched with the external thread of a lead screw, so that the lead screw is connected to the main adjusting seat 1.

[0147] The main adjusting seat 1 and the front sliding ring 2 are connected through rolling bearings.

[0148] The main adjusting seat 1 and the front sliding ring 2 can jointly move in the axial direction, and the main adjusting seat 1 and the front sliding ring 2 can rotate relative to each other around the axis.

[0149] The end surface of the main adjusting seat 1 is provided with a guide rod mounting hole, and the guide rod mounting hole is used for mounting a guide rod.

[0150] The base 3 is coaxial with the front hub 4.

[0151] A group of rolling bearings are mounted between the inner cylindrical surface of the base 3 and the outer cylindrical surface of the front hub 4, and a steel sleeve is arranged between the rolling bearings.

[0152] The inner ring of the rolling bearing between the base 3 and the front hub 4 is axially limited by two locking nuts, and the outer ring of the rolling bearing is limited by a motor support.

[0153] The front hub 4 is provided with a plurality of first through holes, and the first through holes are used for mounting the front blades 5.

[0154] The front hub 4 is provided with a plurality of front guide rod mounting holes in a plane perpendicular to the axis.

[0155] The front hub 4 and the first rotating shaft 13 are connected by a key.

[0156] The front adjusting base 7 and the rear sliding ring 8 are connected through rolling bearings.

[0157] The front adjusting base 7 and the rear sliding ring 8 can jointly move in the axial direction, and the front adjusting base 7 and the rear sliding ring 8 can rotate relative to each other around the axis.

[0158] The front adjusting base 7 and the rear adjusting base 9 are both provided with adjusting push rod mounting holes.

[0159] The rear hub 10 is provided with a plurality of second through holes, and the second through holes are used for mounting the rear blades 6.

[0160] The rear hub 10 is provided with a plurality of rear guide rod mounting holes in the plane perpendicular to the axis;

[0161] The rear hub 10 and the second rotating shaft 14 are keyed connected;

[0162] The motor support 12 is used for installing a servo motor;

[0163] The end surface of the motor support 12 is provided with a third through hole, the third through hole is matched with a guide sleeve 22, the guide sleeve 22 is matched with a guide rod 21 installed on the adjusting seat, so that the main adjusting seat 1 can only slide along the axis direction;

[0164] The front guide rod 15 passes through the front guide rod mounting hole on the front hub 4 and is connected with the front adjusting base 7, and the other end is connected with the front sliding ring 2;

[0165] One end of the rear guide rod 16 passes through the rear guide rod mounting hole on the rear hub 10 and is connected with the rear adjusting base 9, and the other end is connected with the rear sliding ring 8;

[0166] The pitch sleeve 17 is connected with the adjusting push rod 19 through a pin shaft, and a retaining ring is used to prevent the pin shaft from falling out;

[0167] The pitch sleeve 17 is fixedly connected with the front blade 5 and the rear blade 6 through the cylindrical pin 18;

[0168] One end of the adjusting push rod 19 passes through the adjusting push rod mounting hole on the front adjusting base 7 and the rear adjusting base 9, and is connected with the front adjusting base 7 and the rear adjusting base 9 through a threaded pin; the other end of the adjusting push rod 19 is connected with the pitch sleeve in the front blade 5 and the rear blade 6;

[0169] The limiting steel sleeve 20 is installed between the front blade 5, the rear blade 6 and the pitch sleeve respectively, the outer convex part of the limiting steel sleeve 20 is in contact with the inner circular plane of the front hub 4 and the rear hub 10, which is used to prevent the blade from falling out.

[0170] Example 4:

[0171] The single-drive pitch synchronous adjusting device of the coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft mainly includes the contents of example 3, when the adjusting device works, the servo motor drives the lead screw to rotate, so that the main adjusting seat 1 moves, and then the front adjusting base 7 and the rear adjusting base 9 move synchronously, so that the front blade 5 and the rear blade 6 on the front hub 4 and the rear hub 10 rotate synchronously.

[0172] Example 5:

[0173] The single-drive pitch synchronous adjusting device of the coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft mainly includes the contents of example 3, wherein the outer cylindrical surface of the front hub 4 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of blade assembly mounting holes of the same size, i.e. the first through hole;

[0174] The outer cylindrical surface of the rear hub 10 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of blade mounting holes of the same size, i.e. second through holes.

[0175] Embodiment 6:

[0176] The single-drive pitch synchronous adjusting device of the coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft of embodiment 6 further comprises the spline sleeve 11.

[0177] The spline sleeve 11 is fixed with the front hub 4, and the inner spline of the spline sleeve 11 is matched with the outer spline of the first rotating shaft 13.

[0178] The outer spline of the first rotating shaft 13 is matched with the inner spline, which limits the circumferential mutual rotation of the front hub 4 and the first rotating shaft 13, and limits the axial direction of the front hub 4 and the first rotating shaft 13 through the collar.

[0179] The front hub 4 is connected with the second rotating shaft 14 through a bearing, which plays a supporting role.

[0180] The rear hub 10 is matched with the outer spline of the second rotating shaft 14 through the inner spline, which is used to limit the mutual rotation of the rear hub 10 and the second rotating shaft 14.

[0181] The shaft sleeve is installed between the front hub 4 and the rear hub 10, and the locking nut is installed at the tail of the second rotating shaft, which limits the axial position of the rear hub; one side of the shaft sleeve is in contact with the inner ring end surface of the bearing supporting the front hub, and the other side is in contact with the inner end surface of the rear hub, and the front hub 4 and the rear hub 10 do not interfere with each other.

[0182] Embodiment 7:

[0183] The single-drive pitch synchronous adjusting device of the coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft of embodiment 7 further comprises the rear guide rod 16, the two ends of which are connected with the rear slip ring 8 and the rear adjusting base 9 respectively and are fixed through the inner hexagonal screw and the hexagonal nut.

[0184] Embodiment 8:

[0185] The single-drive pitch synchronous adjusting device of the coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft of embodiment 8 further comprises the elastic retainer ring.

[0186] The elastic retainer ring limits the axial direction of the rolling bearing.

[0187] Embodiment 9:

[0188] The single-drive pitch synchronous adjusting device of the coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft of embodiment 9 further comprises the adjusting push rod mounting hole, the shape of which comprises a straight-edged ellipse.

[0189] Embodiment 10:

[0190] The single driving pitch synchronous adjusting device of the coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft, the main content of which is shown in embodiment 3, wherein one end of the adjusting push rod 9 is connected with the front adjusting base 7 and the rear adjusting base 9 through a threaded pin, and the other end is connected with the variable pitch sleeve 17 on the front blade assembly through a pin shaft and a collar.

[0191] Embodiment 11

[0192] The single driving pitch synchronous adjusting device of the coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft, the main content of which is shown in embodiment 3, wherein the first through hole and the second through hole are circumferentially distributed.

[0193] Embodiment 12

[0194] The use method of the single driving pitch synchronous adjusting device of the coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft described in embodiments 1-11, which comprises the following steps:

[0195] 1) Measure the initial angle θ1 of the front blade 5 and the rear blade 6, the length l1 of the variable pitch sleeve 17, and the length l2 of the adjusting push rod 19.

[0196] 2) Determine the required adjusted blade angle θ2.

[0197] 3) Calculate the distance between the front blade 5 rotating shaft axis and the circular hole axis of the threaded pin installed on the front adjusting base 7 before and after adjustment, or calculate the distance between the rear blade 6 rotating shaft axis and the circular hole axis of the threaded pin installed on the rear adjusting base 9 before and after adjustment; x1 is the distance before adjustment; x2 is the distance after adjustment.

[0198] 3) Calculate the moving distance L1 of the front adjusting base 7 and the moving distance L2 of the rear adjusting base 9, i.e.

[0199] L1 = L2 = x2 - x1

[0200] 4) Calculate the number of turns n that the servo motor should rotate, i.e.

[0201]

[0202] In the formula, p is the lead of the lead screw; the distance L = L1 = L2.

[0203] 5) Control the servo motor to rotate according to the number of turns n that the servo motor should rotate, so as to move the main adjusting base 1, and then move the front adjusting base 7 and the rear adjusting base 9 synchronously, to realize the synchronous rotation of the front blade 5 and the rear blade 6 on the front hub 4 and the rear hub 10.

Claims

1. A single drive pitch synchronous adjustment device for a coaxial contra-rotating propeller aircraft, characterized in that: The adjusting seat (1), the front sliding ring (2), the base (3), the front hub (4), the front blade (5), the rear blade (6), the front adjusting base (7), the rear sliding ring (8), the rear adjusting base (9), the rear hub (10), the motor support (12), the first rotating shaft (13), the second rotating shaft (14), the front guide rod (15), the rear guide rod (16), the variable pitch sleeve (17), the cylindrical pin (18), the adjusting push rod (19), the limiting steel sleeve (20); The end surface of the main adjusting seat (1) is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole is matched with the external thread of the lead screw, so that the lead screw is connected to the main adjusting seat (1); The main adjusting seat (1) and the front sliding ring (2) are connected through rolling bearings; The main adjusting seat (1) and the front sliding ring (2) can move together in the axial direction, and the main adjusting seat (1) and the front sliding ring (2) can rotate relative to each other around the axis; The end surface of the main adjusting seat (1) is provided with a guide rod mounting hole, and the guide rod mounting hole is used for mounting the guide rod; The base (3) is coaxial with the front hub (4); A group of rolling bearings are mounted between the inner cylindrical surface of the base (3) and the outer cylindrical surface of the front hub (4), and a steel sleeve is mounted between the rolling bearings; The inner ring of the rolling bearing between the base (3) and the front hub (4) is axially limited by two locking nuts, and the outer ring of the bearing is limited by the motor support; A plurality of first through holes are formed in the front hub (4), and the first through holes are used for mounting the front blade (5); A plurality of front guide rod mounting holes are formed in the plane of the front hub (4) perpendicular to the axis; The front hub (4) and the first rotating shaft (13) are keyed connected; The front adjusting base (7) and the rear sliding ring (8) are connected through rolling bearings; The front adjusting base (7) and the rear sliding ring (8) can move together in the axial direction; the front adjusting base (7) and the rear sliding ring (8) can rotate relative to each other around the axis; Adjusting push rod mounting holes are formed in the front adjusting base (7) and the rear adjusting base (9); A plurality of second through holes are formed in the rear hub (10), and the second through holes are used for mounting the rear blade (6); A plurality of rear guide rod mounting holes are formed in the plane of the rear hub (10) perpendicular to the axis; The rear hub (10) and the second rotating shaft (14) are keyed connected; The motor support (12) is used for mounting a servo motor; A third through hole is formed in the end surface of the motor support (12), the third through hole is matched with a guide sleeve (22), the guide sleeve (22) is matched with a guide rod (21) mounted on the adjusting seat, so that the main adjusting seat (1) can only slide in the axial direction; The front guide rod (15) passes through the front guide rod mounting hole in the front hub (4) and is connected with the front adjusting base (7), and the other end is connected with the front sliding ring (2); One end of the rear guide rod (16) passes through the rear guide rod mounting hole in the rear hub (10) and is connected with the rear adjusting base (9), and the other end is connected with the rear sliding ring (8); The variable pitch sleeve (17) and the adjusting push rod (19) are connected through a pin shaft, and a retaining ring is used to prevent the pin shaft from falling out. The variable pitch sleeve (17) is fixedly connected with the front blade (5) and the rear blade (6) through a cylindrical pin (18); One end of the adjusting push rod (19) passes through the adjusting push rod mounting hole on the front adjusting base (7) and the rear adjusting base (9) and is connected with the front adjusting base (7) and the rear adjusting base (9) through a threaded pin; the other end of the adjusting push rod (19) is connected with the variable pitch sleeve in the front blade (5) and the rear blade (6); The limiting steel sleeve (20) is installed between the front blade (5) and the rear blade (6) and the variable pitch sleeve, respectively, and the outer convex part of the limiting steel sleeve (20) is in contact with the inner circular plane of the front hub (4) and the rear hub (10) to prevent the blade from being pulled out; When the adjusting device works, the servo motor drives the lead screw to rotate, so that the main adjusting base (1) moves, and then the front adjusting base (7) and the rear adjusting base (9) move synchronously, so that the front blade (5) and the rear blade (6) on the front hub (4) and the rear hub (10) rotate synchronously.

2. A single drive pitch synchronous adjustment device for a coaxial contra-rotating propeller aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylindrical surface of the front hub (4) is uniformly distributed with a plurality of blade assembly mounting holes of the same size, i.e. first through holes; The outer cylindrical surface of the rear hub (10) is uniformly distributed with a plurality of blade mounting holes of the same size, i.e. second through holes.

3. A single drive pitch synchronous adjustment device for a coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft as defined in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a spline sleeve (11); The spline sleeve (11) is fixed with the front hub (4), the inner spline of the spline sleeve (11) is matched with the outer spline of the first rotating shaft (13), the front hub (4) and the first rotating shaft (13) are limited from rotating in the circumferential direction, and the axis direction of the front hub (4) and the first rotating shaft (13) is limited by the clamping ring; The front hub (4) is connected with the second rotating shaft (14) through a bearing, and the bearing plays a supporting role; The rear hub (10) is matched with the outer spline of the second rotating shaft (14) through the inner spline; the inner spline is used to limit the mutual rotation of the rear hub (10) and the second rotating shaft (14); The front hub (4) and the rear hub (10) are equipped with a shaft sleeve, and the tail of the second rotating shaft is equipped with a locking nut to limit the axial position of the rear hub; one side of the shaft sleeve is in contact with the inner circle end surface of the bearing supporting the front hub, and the other side is in contact with the inner end surface of the rear hub, and the front hub (4) and the rear hub (10) do not interfere with each other.

4. The single drive pitch synchronous adjustment device of a coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the rear guide rod (16) are connected with the rear sliding ring (8) and the rear adjusting base (9) respectively and are fixedly connected through an inner hexagonal screw and a hexagonal nut.

5. The single drive pitch synchronous adjustment device of a coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an elastic retainer; The elastic retainer limits the axial direction of the rolling bearing.

6. A single drive pitch synchronous adjustment device for a coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the adjusting push rod mounting hole includes a straight edge ellipse.

7. A single drive pitch synchronous adjustment device for a coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft as defined in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the adjusting push rod (9) is connected with the front adjusting base (7) and the rear adjusting base (9) through a threaded pin, and the other end is connected with the variable pitch sleeve (17) on the front blade assembly through a pin shaft and a clamping ring.

8. A single drive pitch synchronous adjustment device for a coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first through hole and the second through hole are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

9. Method of use of the single driving pitch synchronous regulation device of a coaxial counter-rotating propeller aircraft according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: 1) Measure the initial angle θ1 of the front blade (5) and the rear blade (6), the length l1 of the variable pitch sleeve (17), and the length l2 of the adjusting push rod (19); 2) Determine the required adjusted blade angle θ2; 3) calculate the distance between the rotation axis of the front paddle (5) and the axis of the round hole of the threaded pin installed on the front adjusting base (7) before and after adjustment, or calculate the distance between the rotation axis of the rear paddle (6) and the axis of the round hole of the threaded pin installed on the rear adjusting base (9) before and after adjustment; wherein the distance before adjustment is x1; the distance after adjustment is x2; 3) calculate the moving distance L1 of the front adjusting base (7) and the moving distance L2 of the rear adjusting base (9), i.e.: L1 = L2 = x2 - x1 (1) 4) calculate the number of rotations n of the servo motor, i.e.: wherein p is the lead of the screw; the distance L = L1 = L2; 5) control the rotation of the servo motor according to the number of rotations n of the servo motor, so as to move the main adjusting base (1), and further synchronously move the front adjusting base (7) and the rear adjusting base (9), so as to synchronously rotate the front paddle (5) and the rear paddle (6) on the front paddle hub (4) and the rear paddle hub (10).

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