A sodium-water synergistic removal and upgrading device and method suitable for high-sodium low-rank coal

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of sodium water removal and upgrading device and method for high-sodium low-rank coal, belong to coal sorting processing technical field, solve the problem of processing and utilization of high-sodium low-rank coal in prior art due to its high sodium, high water content.The present application includes steam washing water unit and sodium removal and dehydration unit, the steam washing water unit includes first gas pipeline, second gas pipeline and washing water delivery pipeline, the sodium removal and dehydration unit includes upper sodium removal bin and lower dehydration bin, the first gas pipeline and the washing water delivery pipeline are all communicated with the upper sodium removal bin, and the second gas pipeline is communicated with lower dehydration bin.The present application uses hydrothermal steam flash explosion to remove sodium and water, which can efficiently reduce the alkali content and water content of high-sodium raw coal in a short time, improve the quality and utilization rate of high-sodium coal, greatly reduce the content of volatile alkali sodium in the combustion process of high-sodium coal and improve the calorific value of coal, so that high-sodium raw coal can be more widely used.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal sorting and processing technology, and in particular to a sodium-water co-processing de-sodium and upgrading device and method suitable for high-sodium, low-rank coal. Background Technology

[0002] High-sodium low-rank coal (coal with a sodium content (based on ash) higher than 2%) refers to a special type of coal with a high content of alkali metal compounds. Among various alkali metal compounds, sodium-based compounds are generally the most abundant. Currently, high-sodium coal in my country is mainly concentrated in the Zhundong coalfield in the eastern part of the Junggar Basin in Xinjiang. The Zhundong coalfield in Xinjiang is rich in high-sodium coal resources, accounting for more than 39% of China's total predicted coal reserves, making it the largest integrated coalfield in the country. Its excellent coal quality characteristics meet the requirements for power generation coal, with high volatile matter, low sulfur content, low ignition point, high burnout rate, good combustion stability, and low nitrogen and sulfur content, making it a low-pollution, low-emission raw material. However, when power plants burn high-sodium coal, problems such as slagging, corrosion, fouling, and ash accumulation easily occur in the furnace, seriously affecting the safe and economical operation of power plant boilers.

[0003] Currently, power plants built in the Zhundong area by electricity consumers and power generation companies can only use a mixture of 20-30% local Zhundong coal and other sodium-free coal for co-firing. This severely limits the utilization of Zhundong coal. At the same time, local power plants have to purchase high-quality coal from other places, which increases the power generation costs of power generation companies and brings great difficulties to the development of the Zhundong coalfield and the construction of power bases. The advantages of Zhundong coal cannot be fully utilized.

[0004] High moisture content is a major characteristic of high-sodium, low-rank coal and one of the most significant factors limiting its processing and utilization. Its high moisture content affects boiler operation, releases large amounts of water vapor and dust into the flue gas, causing severe environmental pollution and increasing the construction and operating costs of power plants and coal chemical projects. Therefore, breakthroughs and widespread application of high-sodium coal desodiuming and dehydration upgrading technologies can fundamentally solve these problems, broaden its utilization scope, and enhance its market competitiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a sodium-water co-processing removal and upgrading device and method suitable for high-sodium low-rank coal, in order to solve the problem that existing high-sodium low-rank coal is limited in processing and utilization due to its high sodium and high water content.

[0006] On one hand, the present invention provides a sodium-water co-processing removal and upgrading device suitable for high-sodium, low-rank coal, including a steam washing unit and a sodium removal and dehydration unit. The steam washing unit includes a first gas supply pipeline, a second gas supply pipeline, and a washing water supply pipeline. The sodium removal and dehydration unit includes an upper sodium removal chamber and a lower dehydration chamber. The first gas supply pipeline and the washing water supply pipeline are both connected to the upper sodium removal chamber, and the second gas supply pipeline is connected to the lower dehydration chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the first gas supply pipeline and the second gas supply pipeline respectively supply saturated steam to the upper sodium removal chamber and the lower dehydration chamber, and the wash water supply pipeline supplies high-temperature wash water to the upper sodium removal chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the sodium removal and dehydration unit also includes a reciprocating feeder, which is located on one side of the upper sodium removal chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the desodium removal and dehydration unit also includes a crusher located upstream of the reciprocating feeder.

[0010] Furthermore, the sodium removal and dehydration unit also includes an inlet gate and a discharge gate. The inlet gate is located on the coal inlet side of the upper sodium removal chamber, and the discharge gate is located on the coal outlet side of the upper sodium removal chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the sodium removal and dehydration unit also includes a sealing gate, which can separate the space between the upper sodium removal chamber and the lower dehydration chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the steam washing unit also includes a water storage tank, a heat exchanger, and an energy storage tank connected in sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, both the first gas supply pipeline and the second gas supply pipeline are connected to the gas outlet of the energy storage tank, and the washing water supply pipeline is connected to the water outlet of the energy storage tank.

[0014] Furthermore, both the first and second gas supply pipelines are equipped with gas flow meters and flow regulating valves, and the wash water supply pipeline is equipped with a liquid flow meter.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention provides a sodium-water co-removal and upgrading method suitable for high-sodium low-rank coal, wherein the sodium-water co-removal and upgrading device suitable for high-sodium low-rank coal described above is used for sodium-water co-removal.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The present invention adopts hydrothermal-steam flash explosion synergistic removal of sodium water, which can efficiently reduce the alkali metal content and water content in high sodium raw coal in a short time, improve the quality and utilization rate of high sodium coal, greatly reduce the content of sodium alkali metal volatilized during the combustion of high sodium coal, and increase the calorific value of coal, so that the treated high sodium raw coal can be more widely used.

[0018] (2) The sodium removal and dehydration process of the present invention is carried out under certain temperature and pressure. The high temperature and high pressure change the composition and structure of oxygen-containing functional groups in coal, reduce the oxygen content, and increase the calorific value of coal.

[0019] (3) The present invention adds a stirring device to the upgrading process. During sodium removal, the washing water fully penetrates into the pores of the coal and comes into full contact with the sodium in the coal, thus greatly improving the sodium removal rate. During dehydration, saturated steam comes into more contact with the coal and fully replaces the water in the coal pores, greatly improving the efficiency of steam flash dehydration.

[0020] (4) Through the desodium and dehydration process, the present invention ultimately reduces the alkali metal content and water content in high sodium raw coal, improves the quality and utilization rate of high sodium coal, greatly reduces the content of sodium alkali metal volatilized during the combustion of high sodium coal and increases the calorific value of coal, so that the treated high sodium raw coal can be more widely used.

[0021] (5) In this invention, saturated steam and high-temperature wash water are supplied to the upper sodium removal chamber and stirred. The high temperature ensures the decomposition of carboxyl functional groups in the coal and improves the diffusion capacity of the washing solution. The high pressure makes it easier for the wash water to enter the pores of the coal, which can carry out more sodium from the coal pores and separate it from the high-sodium coal particles. The stirring makes the high-temperature wash water and high-sodium coal more fully mixed and contacted, enhancing the washing effect.

[0022] (6) After the sodium-containing wastewater is discharged, the present invention supplies saturated steam to the upper desodium chamber and the lower dehydration chamber again and maintains pressure. The steam penetrates into the coal sample, displacing the water in the pores and discharging it. The strong kinetic energy also causes the destruction and recombination of the crystallization zone and hydrogen bond in the original coal molecular structure. The retractable stirring shaft is kept open, and the stirring makes the saturated steam and high sodium coal mix and contact more fully, increasing the steam penetration and replacement efficiency and thus enhancing the dehydration effect.

[0023] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sodium-water co-removal and upgrading device in a specific embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sodium removal and dehydration unit (excluding the crusher) in a specific embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the sodium removal and dehydration unit in a specific embodiment.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 100-Steam washing unit; 101-First gas supply pipeline; 102-Second gas supply pipeline; 103-Wash water supply pipeline; 104-Water storage tank; 105-Heat exchanger; 106-Energy storage tank; 107-First solenoid valve; 108-High-pressure plunger pump; 109-First gas flow meter; 110-First flow regulating valve; 111-Second solenoid valve; 112-Second gas flow meter; 113-Second flow regulating valve; 114-Third solenoid valve; 115-Fourth solenoid valve; 116-Liquid flow meter; 117-Third flow regulating valve; 118-Fifth solenoid valve; 119-Purification treatment device; 120-Peristaltic pump;

[0030] 200 - Sodium removal and dehydration unit; 201 - Upper sodium removal chamber; 202 - Lower dehydration chamber; 203 - Horizontal plate; 204 - Reciprocating feeder; 205 - Crusher; 206 - Feed gate; 207 - Discharge gate; 208 - First drive cylinder; 209 - Second drive cylinder; 210 - Electric motor; 211 - Telescopic stirring shaft; 212 - Thermometer; 213 - First pressure gauge; 214 - Sealing gate; 215 - Perforated steel plate; 216 - First air inlet; 217 - Water inlet; 218 - Second air inlet; 219 - Sodium-containing wastewater outlet; 220 - Second pressure gauge; 221 - Sealing piston; 222 - Shock-absorbing spring; 223 - Guide rod lifting mechanism; 224 - Support. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a sodium-water co-processing removal and upgrading device suitable for high-sodium, low-rank coal (hereinafter referred to as sodium-water co-processing removal and upgrading device) is disclosed, including a steam washing unit 100 and a sodium removal and dehydration unit 200. The steam washing unit 100 includes a first gas transmission pipeline 101, a second gas transmission pipeline 102 and a washing water transmission pipeline 103. The sodium removal and dehydration unit 200 includes an upper sodium removal chamber 201 and a lower dehydration chamber 202. The first gas transmission pipeline 101 and the washing water transmission pipeline 103 are both connected to the upper sodium removal chamber 201, and the second gas transmission pipeline 102 is connected to the lower dehydration chamber 202.

[0034] Compared with existing technologies, the sodium-water co-removal and upgrading device provided in this embodiment carries out the sodium removal and dehydration process under certain temperature and pressure. The high temperature and pressure change the composition and structure of oxygen-containing functional groups in the coal, reduce the oxygen content, and increase the calorific value of the coal. After the sodium removal and dehydration process, the alkali metal content and water content in the high-sodium raw coal are reduced, the quality and utilization rate of the high-sodium coal are improved, the content of sodium alkali metal volatilized during the combustion of high-sodium coal is greatly reduced, and the calorific value of the coal is increased, so that the treated high-sodium raw coal can be more widely used.

[0035] To generate saturated steam and high-temperature wash water, the steam washing unit 100 also includes a water storage tank 104 and a heat exchanger 105, with the water storage tank 104 and heat exchanger 105 connected by pipelines. The steam washing unit 100 also includes an energy storage tank 106, into which water heated by the heat exchanger 105 is transported. The upper part of the energy storage tank 106 contains saturated steam, and the lower part contains high-temperature water. The energy storage tank 106 has an air outlet at the upper part and a water outlet at the lower part. The air outlet is connected to the first air supply pipeline 101 and the second air supply pipeline 102, and the water outlet is connected to the wash water supply pipeline 103.

[0036] In order to control the flow of water from the water storage tank 104 to the energy storage tank 106, the steam washing unit 100 also includes a first solenoid valve 107, which is located between the water storage tank 104 and the heat exchanger 105.

[0037] Considering that power is needed to transport water from the water storage tank 104 to the energy storage tank 106, the steam washing unit 100 also includes a high-pressure plunger pump 108, which is located between the first solenoid valve 107 and the heat exchanger 105.

[0038] In this embodiment, the water in the water storage tank 104 is pumped into the heat exchanger 105 by the high-pressure plunger pump 108. After the heat exchanger 105 heats the water, it is transported to the energy storage tank 106 for storage. Since the water stored in the energy storage tank 106 has been heated by the heat exchanger 105, saturated steam will be formed in the upper part of the energy storage tank 106, and hot water is located in the lower part of the energy storage tank 106.

[0039] To facilitate observation of the amount of saturated steam transported by the first gas transmission pipeline 101, a first gas flow meter 109 is provided on the first gas transmission pipeline 101. To facilitate control of the amount of saturated steam transported by the first gas transmission pipeline 101, a first flow regulating valve 110 is provided on the first gas transmission pipeline 101. To facilitate control of the on / off flow of the saturated steam transported by the first gas transmission pipeline 101, a second solenoid valve 111 is provided on the first gas transmission pipeline 101. Preferably, the second solenoid valve 111, the first gas flow meter 109, and the first flow regulating valve 110 are arranged sequentially along the first gas transmission pipeline 101.

[0040] Similarly, to facilitate observation of the amount of saturated steam transported by the second gas transmission line 102, a second gas flow meter 112 is provided on the second gas transmission line 102. To facilitate control of the amount of saturated steam transported by the second gas transmission line 102, a second flow regulating valve 113 is provided on the second gas transmission line 102. To facilitate control of the on / off flow of the saturated steam transported by the second gas transmission line 102, a third solenoid valve 114 is provided on the second gas transmission line 102. Preferably, the third solenoid valve 114, the second gas flow meter 112, and the second flow regulating valve 113 are arranged sequentially along the second gas transmission line 102.

[0041] A fourth solenoid valve 115 (main valve) is provided on the connecting pipeline between the outlet of the energy storage tank 106 and the first gas transmission pipeline 101 and the second gas transmission pipeline 102. The fourth solenoid valve 115 is located upstream of the second solenoid valve 111 and the third solenoid valve 114.

[0042] In this embodiment, the outlet of the energy storage tank 106 is connected to the main pipeline, which in turn connects to two branch pipelines: the first gas delivery pipeline 101 and the second gas delivery pipeline 102. Since both the main pipeline and the branch pipelines are equipped with electromagnetic valves, the on / off control of saturated steam delivery is convenient: when only one branch pipeline needs to deliver saturated steam, the fourth electromagnetic valve 115 on the main pipeline remains open; when the second electromagnetic valve 111 is opened, the first gas delivery pipeline 101 delivers saturated steam to the upper sodium removal chamber 201; when the third electromagnetic valve 114 is opened, the second gas delivery pipeline 102 delivers saturated steam to the lower dehydration chamber 202. When both branch pipelines need to deliver saturated steam, the second electromagnetic valve 111, the third electromagnetic valve 114, and the fourth electromagnetic valve 115 all remain open. When the fourth electromagnetic valve 115 on the main pipeline is closed, the delivery of saturated steam stops.

[0043] To facilitate observation of the amount of high-temperature wash water transported by the wash water transport pipeline 103, a liquid flow meter 116 is installed on the wash water transport pipeline 103. To facilitate control of the amount of high-temperature wash water transported by the wash water transport pipeline 103, a third flow regulating valve 117 is also installed on the wash water transport pipeline 103. Understandably, a fifth solenoid valve 118 is installed on the wash water transport pipeline 103, which is used to control the on / off state of the high-temperature wash water in the wash water transport pipeline 103.

[0044] The desodium and dewatering unit 200 also includes a horizontal plate 203, with the upper desodium chamber 201 and the lower dewatering chamber 202 located on both sides of the horizontal plate 203. To facilitate the conveying of high-sodium raw coal into the upper desodium chamber 201 and the delivery of desodium- and dewatered low-sodium, low-moisture coal from the upper desodium chamber 201, the desodium and dewatering unit 200 also includes a reciprocating feeder 204.

[0045] Specifically, the reciprocating feeder 204 is mounted on the horizontal plate 203 and located on one side of the upper sodium removal chamber 201. The reciprocating feeder 204 pushes high-sodium raw coal into the upper sodium removal chamber 201. After the sodium water in the high-sodium raw coal in the upper sodium removal chamber 201 is removed, it becomes low-sodium and low-moisture coal. The reciprocating feeder 204 pushes new high-sodium raw coal to be desodiumdredged into the upper sodium removal chamber 201. The new high-sodium raw coal will push the low-sodium and low-moisture coal in the upper sodium removal chamber 201 out of the upper sodium removal chamber 201, and then a new round of sodium removal and dehydration treatment will be carried out. The low-sodium and low-moisture coal that has been desodiumdredged can be sent to the boiler for combustion.

[0046] It is worth noting that the high-sodium raw coal needs to be crushed before being pushed into the upper desodium bin 201. Therefore, the desodium and dewatering unit 200 also includes a crusher 205. The high-sodium raw coal is first crushed by the crusher 205 and then pushed into the upper desodium bin 201 by the reciprocating feeder 204.

[0047] Since the high-sodium raw coal to be desodiumed needs to be pushed into the upper desodiuming chamber 201 by the reciprocating feeder 204, and the low-sodium, low-moisture coal to be desodiumed needs to be pushed out of the upper desodiuming chamber 201, the side wall of the upper desodiuming chamber 201 is provided with a coal inlet and a coal outlet, which are set opposite each other and on the reciprocating path of the reciprocating feeder 204.

[0048] Considering that the sodium removal process needs to be carried out in a sealed environment, the sodium removal and dehydration unit 200 also includes a feed gate 206 and a discharge gate 207. The feed gate 206 is located on the coal inlet side, and the discharge gate 207 is located on the coal outlet side.

[0049] In order to control the opening and closing of the feed gate 206 and the discharge gate 207, the sodium removal and dehydration unit 200 also includes a first drive cylinder 208 and a second drive cylinder 209. The first drive cylinder 208 is connected to the feed gate 206 and is used to control the opening and closing of the feed gate 206. The second drive cylinder 209 is connected to the discharge gate 207 and is used to control the opening and closing of the discharge gate. The first drive cylinder 208 and the second drive cylinder 209 are both located above the top support plate of the upper sodium removal chamber 201.

[0050] To improve the sodium removal rate, the sodium removal and dehydration unit 200 also includes a stirring device. The stirring device includes a motor 210 and a retractable stirring shaft 211. The motor 210 is located above the top support plate of the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and drives the retractable stirring shaft 211 to rotate. One end of the retractable stirring shaft 211 passes through the support plate and is connected to the motor 210, while the other end is located inside the upper sodium removal chamber 201. The retractable stirring shaft 211 is equipped with a stirring paddle. It should be noted that the retractable stirring shaft 211 is an air-filled shaft, and its extension and retraction are achieved through inflation and deflation.

[0051] In this embodiment, a stirring device is added to the upgrading process. During sodium removal, the washing water fully penetrates into the pores of the coal and comes into full contact with the sodium in the coal, thus greatly improving the sodium removal rate. During dehydration, saturated steam comes into more contact with the coal, fully replacing the water in the coal pores, which greatly improves the efficiency of steam flash dehydration.

[0052] Considering that the sodium removal process takes place in a closed environment, a thermometer 212 and a first pressure gauge 213 are installed on the top support plate of the upper sodium removal chamber 201 to monitor the temperature and pressure. The temperature and pressure in the upper sodium removal chamber 201 can be directly obtained through the thermometer 212 and the first pressure gauge 213, so as to control the sodium removal and dehydration process and ensure the safe and stable operation of the quality improvement process.

[0053] In order to allow the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and the lower dehydration chamber 202 to react separately, the sodium removal and dehydration unit 200 also includes a sealing gate 214, which can separate the spaces of the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and the lower dehydration chamber 202.

[0054] It should be noted that when the sealing gate 214 is pushed into the installation position, it isolates the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and the lower dehydration chamber 202. When the sealing gate 214 is pulled out of the installation position, the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and the lower dehydration chamber 202 are connected. For example, the horizontal plate 203 is provided with a groove for the sealing gate 214. The sealing gate 214 changes position by sliding within the groove to achieve the isolation between the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and the lower dehydration chamber 202.

[0055] It is worth noting that the horizontal plate 203 is provided with through holes at the positions corresponding to the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and the lower dehydration chamber 202, so that the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and the lower dehydration chamber 202 can be connected when needed.

[0056] When the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and the lower dehydration chamber 202 are connected, the wash water in the upper sodium removal chamber 201 enters the lower dehydration chamber 202. To prevent coal in the upper sodium removal chamber 201 from also entering the lower dehydration chamber 202, the sodium removal and dehydration unit 200 also includes a perforated steel plate 215. The perforated steel plate 215 is located above the sealing gate 214, and the aperture of the perforated steel plate 215 is smaller than the diameter of the coal particles, ensuring that water can pass through but coal particles cannot.

[0057] Understandably, in order to input saturated steam and high-temperature wash water into the upper sodium removal chamber 201, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper sodium removal chamber 201 has a first air inlet 216 and a water inlet 217 on its side wall. The first air inlet 216 is connected to the first air supply pipeline 101, and the water inlet 217 is connected to the wash water supply pipeline 103.

[0058] The lower dehydration chamber 202 has an inverted cone shape and a second air inlet 218 at its bottom, which is connected to the second air supply pipeline 102. To discharge sodium-containing wastewater from the lower dehydration chamber 202, a sodium-containing wastewater outlet 219 is provided at the bottom of the lower dehydration chamber 202. A second pressure gauge 220 is also installed on the side wall of the lower dehydration chamber 202 to monitor the pressure inside the lower dehydration chamber 202.

[0059] To conserve water, the steam washing unit 100 also includes a purification device 119 and a peristaltic pump 120. The purification device 119 is used to treat sodium-containing wastewater. The inlet of the purification device 119 is connected to the sodium-containing wastewater outlet 219, and the outlet of the purification device 119 is connected to the water storage tank 104 through the peristaltic pump 120.

[0060] The lower dehydration chamber 202 has an air outlet at its lower end, and a sealing piston 221 is installed at the air outlet to seal the air outlet of the lower dehydration chamber 202. The sealing piston 221 has a stepped cylindrical structure. The diameter of the first-stage cylinder is equal to the diameter of the air outlet, and the diameter of the second-stage cylinder is larger than the diameter of the first-stage cylinder. These second-stage cylinders act as limiting steps outside the lower dehydration chamber 202 to prevent the sealing piston 221 from entering the lower dehydration chamber 202. To achieve a better sealing effect, a sealing gasket is provided on the contact surface between the sealing piston 221 and the air outlet.

[0061] The sealing piston 221 has an electromagnetic structure. When energized, it generates a magnetic force to attract and seal the air outlet. When the power is off, it is demagnetized, and the sealing piston 221 no longer attracts the lower dehydration chamber 202. Under pressure, the sealing piston 221 will detach from the air outlet.

[0062] To mitigate the impact of the sealing piston 221, the sodium removal and dehydration unit 200 also includes a shock-absorbing spring 222, which is located at the lower part of the sealing piston 221. For the reset of the sealing piston 221, the sodium removal and dehydration unit 200 also includes a guide rod lifting mechanism 223. The guide rod lifting mechanism 223 includes a lifting guide rod and a drive mechanism. The upper end of the lifting guide rod is connected to the lower end of the shock-absorbing spring 222, and the lower end of the lifting guide rod 220 is connected to the drive mechanism. The drive structure can be a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or a drive motor and transmission mechanism.

[0063] Understandably, the sodium removal and dehydration unit 200 also includes a support 224 for supporting the horizontal plate 203, the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and the guide rod lifting mechanism 223.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] Another specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-3As shown, a sodium-water co-processing removal and upgrading method suitable for high-sodium, low-rank coal is disclosed. The method uses the sodium-water co-processing removal and upgrading device of Example 1, and the steps include:

[0066] Step S1: Raw coal crushing and preparation of saturated steam and washing water.

[0067] Specifically, the high-sodium raw coal is crushed into shredded raw coal with a particle size within a certain range (exemplarily 1-30 mm) by the crusher 205, and then conveyed to the reciprocating feeder 204. Water in the water storage tank 104 is heated by the heat exchanger 105 and then pumped into the energy storage tank 106 by the high-pressure plunger pump 108. The liquid level in the water storage tank 104 and the energy storage tank 106 is controlled by the liquid level maintaining device installed inside them to provide a continuous and stable feed to the downstream equipment. The first solenoid valve 107 controls the opening and closing of the output pipeline of the water storage tank 104.

[0068] Step S2: The reciprocating feeder 204 pushes the crushed raw coal into the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and closes the upper sodium removal chamber 201.

[0069] Specifically, the retractable stirring shaft 211 inside the upper sodium removal chamber 201 retracts to the upper part of the upper sodium removal chamber 201, so that the reciprocating feeder 204 can push the crushed raw coal into the upper sodium removal chamber 201. The feed gate 206 and the discharge gate 207 change from the open state to the closed state under the action of the driving cylinder to form a sealed cavity. The temperature gauge 212 and the first pressure gauge 213 at the top of the upper sodium removal chamber 201 display the temperature and pressure inside the chamber in real time, ensuring that the upgrading process is carried out safely and stably.

[0070] Step S3: Input saturated steam and high-temperature wash water into the upper sodium removal chamber 201.

[0071] Specifically, the second solenoid valve 111, the fourth solenoid valve 115, and the fifth solenoid valve 118 are opened. The first gas supply pipeline 101 supplies saturated steam at a temperature of 200℃ to 400℃ to the upper sodium removal chamber 201, and the wash water supply pipeline 103 supplies high-temperature wash water at a temperature of 200℃ to 400℃ to the upper sodium removal chamber 201. The saturated steam pressure is 1% to 3% higher than the saturated steam pressure corresponding to the temperature.

[0072] Step S4: When the pressure and temperature inside the upper sodium removal chamber 201 reach the preset values, and the mass ratio of high-temperature washing water to raw coal in the upper sodium removal chamber 201 is 2:1 to 10:1, stop supplying saturated steam and high-temperature washing water, and start stirring the raw coal in the upper sodium removal chamber 201.

[0073] Specifically, when the pressure and temperature inside the upper sodium removal chamber 201 reach the preset values ​​(200℃~400℃, 0.1MPa~0.8MPa), and the mass ratio of high-temperature washing water to raw coal is 2:1~10:1, the second solenoid valve 111 and the fifth solenoid valve 118 are closed; at the same time, the retractable stirring shaft 211 is extended to the bottom of the crushed coal and the motor 210 is turned on, and the coal and water are mixed for 10~30 minutes under high temperature and high pressure.

[0074] High temperature ensures the decomposition of carboxyl functional groups in coal and enhances the diffusion capacity of the washing solution. High pressure makes it easier for the washing water to enter the pores of the coal, which can carry out more sodium from the coal pores and separate it from the high-sodium coal particles. Stirring allows the high-temperature washing water and high-sodium coal to mix and contact more thoroughly, enhancing the washing effect.

[0075] Step S5: Input saturated steam into the lower dehydration chamber 202. When the pressure in the lower dehydration chamber 202 is the same as the pressure in the upper sodium removal chamber 201, stop the steam supply.

[0076] Specifically, the third solenoid valve 114 is opened to allow saturated steam with the same temperature and pressure as that in the first gas supply line 101 to enter the lower dehydration chamber 202. The pressure inside the chamber is displayed in real time by the second pressure gauge 220. When the pressure inside the lower dehydration chamber 202 is the same as that inside the upper sodium removal chamber 201, the third solenoid valve 114 is closed to stop the steam supply. This prevents the high-temperature wash water from moving at high speed due to the pressure difference between the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and the lower dehydration chamber 202 when the sealing gate 214 is opened, which could carry away some fine coal particles and cause blockage of the perforated steel plate 215 or waste of resources.

[0077] Step S6: Open the sealing gate 214, and the high-temperature washing water in the upper sodium removal chamber 201 flows into the lower dehydration chamber 202, and is discharged after purification treatment and stored in the water storage tank 104 for recycling.

[0078] Specifically, when the sealing gate 214 is opened, the high-temperature washing water enters the lower dehydration chamber 202 through the perforated steel plate 215 by its own gravity, and then enters the purification treatment device 119 through the sodium-containing wastewater outlet 219 to remove alkali metals such as sodium and potassium. After that, it is pumped into the water storage tank 104 by the peristaltic pump 120 for use as circulating water, thus saving water resources.

[0079] Step S7: After the high-temperature washing water in the lower dehydration chamber 202 is drained and sealed, saturated steam is supplied to the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and the lower dehydration chamber 202 and pressure is maintained.

[0080] Specifically, after the sodium-containing wastewater is discharged, the sodium-containing wastewater outlet 219 is closed; the second solenoid valve 111 and the third solenoid valve 114 are opened to allow saturated steam to fill the upper sodium removal chamber 201 and the lower sodium removal chamber 202 until the pressure reaches 2-3 MPa. Then, the steam supply is stopped and the pressure is maintained for 5-10 minutes. At this time, water vapor permeates into the coal sample, displacing the moisture in the pores. The strong kinetic energy also causes the destruction and reorganization of the crystalline regions and hydrogen bonds in the original coal molecular structure. The retractable stirring shaft 211 is kept open, and the stirring allows the saturated steam and high-sodium coal to mix and contact more thoroughly, increasing the steam permeation and replacement efficiency, thereby enhancing the dehydration effect.

[0081] Step S8: Release the magnetic force of the sealing piston 221 to perform a steam flash explosion.

[0082] Specifically, after the pressure is maintained for a preset time (5-10 minutes), the magnetic force of the sealing piston 221 is released. Under the action of pressure, the sealing piston 221 triggers a steam ejection explosion. The coal sample passes through the perforated steel plate 215 to block and counteract the downward trend. The water vapor falls rapidly under the action of pressure, causing the sealing piston 221 to bounce off the outlet of the lower dehydration chamber 202 at high speed and hit the shock-absorbing spring 222 to decelerate and stop. At this time, a large amount of steam that has seeped into the coal sample instantly cracks the coal from the inside out. The moisture in the coal is discharged and enters the atmosphere through the inverted cone-shaped outlet, completing the instantaneous explosion.

[0083] Step S9: The sealing piston 221 is reset, the telescopic stirring shaft 211 stops rotating and retracts, the feed gate 206 and the discharge gate 207 are opened, and the reciprocating feeder 204 pushes the dehydrated and desodiumed coal sample out of the discharge gate 207.

[0084] Specifically, the guide rod lifting mechanism 223 resets the sealing piston 221, the telescopic stirring shaft 211 stops rotating and retracts to the upper part of the sodium removal chamber 201, the feed gate 206 and the discharge gate 207 change from closed to open under the action of the driving cylinder, and at the same time the reciprocating coal feeder 204 extends the push rod to push the desodium-dehydrated coal sample out of the discharge gate 207.

[0085] Step S10: Repeat steps S1 to S9 for the next round of sodium removal and dehydration treatment.

[0086] It should be noted that in the next round of sodium removal and dehydration treatment, since the retractable stirring shaft 211 has already retracted to the upper part of the upper sodium removal chamber 201 when the desodium-dehydrated coal sample is pushed out from the discharge gate 207 in the first round of sodium removal and dehydration treatment, the retractable stirring shaft 211 will not be executed in step S2 of the subsequent treatment.

[0087] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sodium-water co-processing de-sodium and upgrading device suitable for high-sodium, low-rank coal, characterized in that, The system includes a steam washing unit (100) and a sodium removal and dehydration unit (200). The steam washing unit (100) includes a first gas supply line (101), a second gas supply line (102), and a washing water supply line (103). The sodium removal and dehydration unit (200) includes an upper sodium removal chamber (201), a lower dehydration chamber (202), a stirring device, a sealing gate (214), and a perforated steel plate (215). The first gas supply line (101) and the washing water supply line (103) are both connected to the upper sodium removal chamber (201), and the second gas supply line (102) is connected to the lower dehydration chamber (202). 101) and the second gas supply pipeline (102) respectively supply saturated steam to the upper sodium removal chamber (201) and the lower dehydration chamber (202), and the wash water supply pipeline (103) supplies high-temperature wash water to the upper sodium removal chamber (201); the stirring device includes a motor (210) and a retractable stirring shaft (211). The motor (210) is located above the top support plate of the upper sodium removal chamber (201) and is used to drive the retractable stirring shaft (211) to rotate. One end of the retractable stirring shaft (211) passes through the support plate and is connected to the motor (210), and the other end is located inside the upper sodium removal chamber (201). 1) An agitator is provided on top; a sealing gate (214) can separate the space of the upper sodium removal chamber (201) and the lower dehydration chamber (202). When the sealing gate (214) is pulled out of the installation position, the upper sodium removal chamber (201) and the lower dehydration chamber (202) are connected; a perforated steel plate (215) is provided above the sealing gate (214), and the aperture on the perforated steel plate (215) is smaller than the diameter of the coal particles; the upgrading method of the sodium-water co-removal and upgrading device is as follows: saturated steam and high-temperature washing water are input into the upper sodium removal chamber (201); when the pressure and temperature in the upper sodium removal chamber (201) reach the preset value, the high-temperature washing water and the raw coal in the upper sodium removal chamber (201) are connected. When the mass ratio is 2:1 to 10:1, stop supplying saturated steam and high-temperature wash water, and start stirring the raw coal in the upper desodium chamber (201); input saturated steam into the lower dewatering chamber (202), and stop supplying gas when the pressure in the lower dewatering chamber (202) is the same as the pressure in the upper desodium chamber (201); open the sealing gate (214), and the high-temperature wash water in the upper desodium chamber (201) flows into the lower dewatering chamber (202) and is discharged; after the high-temperature wash water in the lower dewatering chamber (202) is drained, seal it, and supply saturated steam into the upper desodium chamber (201) and the lower dewatering chamber (202) and maintain the pressure; release the seal and perform steam flash explosion.

2. The sodium-water co-processing removal and upgrading device for high-sodium, low-rank coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sodium removal and dehydration unit (200) also includes a reciprocating feeder (204), which is located on one side of the upper sodium removal chamber (201).

3. The sodium-water co-processing removal and upgrading device for high-sodium, low-rank coal according to claim 2, characterized in that, The desodium removal and dehydration unit (200) also includes a crusher (205) located upstream of the reciprocating feeder (204).

4. The sodium-water co-treatment and upgrading device for high-sodium, low-rank coal according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The sodium removal and dehydration unit (200) further includes a feed gate (206) and a discharge gate (207). The feed gate (206) is located on the coal inlet side of the upper sodium removal chamber (201), and the discharge gate (207) is located on the coal outlet side of the upper sodium removal chamber (201).

5. The sodium-water co-treatment and upgrading device for high-sodium, low-rank coal according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The steam washing unit (100) also includes a water storage tank (104), a heat exchanger (105), and an energy storage tank (106) connected in sequence.

6. The sodium-water co-processing removal and upgrading device for high-sodium, low-rank coal according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first gas supply pipeline (101) and the second gas supply pipeline (102) are both connected to the gas outlet of the energy storage tank (106), and the washing water supply pipeline (103) is connected to the water outlet of the energy storage tank (106).

7. The sodium-water co-processing de-sodium and upgrading device for high-sodium, low-rank coal according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6, characterized in that, Both the first gas pipeline (101) and the second gas pipeline (102) are equipped with gas flow meters and flow regulating valves, and the wash water conveying pipeline (103) is equipped with a liquid flow meter.

8. A method for sodium-water co-processing removal and upgrading of high-sodium, low-rank coal, characterized in that, The sodium-water co-removal and upgrading device for high-sodium, low-rank coal as described in any one of claims 1-7 is used for sodium-water co-removal, comprising the following steps: inputting saturated steam and high-temperature wash water into the upper sodium removal chamber (201); when the pressure and temperature in the upper sodium removal chamber (201) reach preset values, and the mass ratio of high-temperature wash water to raw coal in the upper sodium removal chamber (201) is 2:1 to 10:1, stopping the supply of saturated steam and high-temperature wash water, and starting to stir the raw coal in the upper sodium removal chamber (201); and then proceeding to the lower sodium removal chamber. Saturated steam is introduced into the water tank (202). When the pressure in the lower dehydration tank (202) is the same as the pressure in the upper sodium removal tank (201), the steam supply is stopped. The sealing gate (214) is opened, and the high-temperature washing water in the upper sodium removal tank (201) flows into the lower dehydration tank (202) and is discharged. After the high-temperature washing water in the lower dehydration tank (202) is drained, it is sealed, and saturated steam is supplied to the upper sodium removal tank (201) and the lower dehydration tank (202) and pressure is maintained. The seal is released and steam flash explosion is performed.

Images