Formation charging process for lead-acid batteries

Abstract

The application discloses a formation charging process of a lead-acid storage battery and relates to the technical field of lead-acid storage battery production.The application comprises the following steps: initially charging in the order of charging for 1h at a charging current of 4A, charging for 1h at a charging current of 7A and charging for 1h at a charging current of 11A, then shutting down a charging machine, and then placing the battery for 16-20min; charging in the order of charging for 1h at a charging current of 15A, charging for 2h at a charging current of 20A and charging for 3h at a charging current of 25A, then shutting down the charging machine, and then placing the battery for 25-35min; and then working the charging machine again and discharging at a discharging current of 12A for 15min.The initial charging of the battery can keep the initial charging temperature of the battery at 40-45 DEG C, reduces the battery defects, guarantees the formation of a good electronic path between the plate grid rib interface and lead paste, then the multi-stage charging, placing and discharging circulation charging process can effectively remove polarization, increase charging efficiency and improve production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of lead-acid battery production technology, and in particular relates to a formation and charging process for lead-acid batteries. Background Technology

[0002] When lead-acid batteries are first assembled, the main body of the lead paste on the plates is the same, consisting of lead oxide, metallic lead, lead sulfate, tribasic lead sulfate, tetrabasic lead sulfate, etc. Although the plate structure and process additives create positive and negative electrodes, they do not yet possess the positive and negative conditions for discharge. Therefore, a formation process is needed to transform the plates into positive and negative electrodes with electrochemical properties. Formation is a crucial step in lead-acid battery manufacturing, and its quality directly affects the battery's performance. Even lead-acid batteries with the same formula, process, and batch can exhibit variations in particle size and arrangement of active materials due to different currents used during formation. Currently, existing formation and charging methods for lead-acid batteries may cause the separators inside the battery to break down due to excessively high charging temperatures during initial charging. Furthermore, existing formation and charging methods also suffer from excessively long charging times, typically 90-120 hours, severely restricting manufacturers' production capacity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study a formation and charging process for lead-acid batteries in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a formation and charging process for lead-acid batteries, the purpose of which is to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention relates to a formation and charging process for lead-acid batteries, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Place multiple batteries to be charged side by side in a water bath. Then connect the batteries in series in the manner of "connecting the negative terminal of the Nth battery to the positive terminal of the (N+1)th battery". Then connect the positive terminal of the charger to the positive terminal of the first battery to be charged and connect the negative terminal of the charger to the negative terminal of the last battery to be charged, where N is a positive integer.

[0007] Step 2: Start the charger and charge the battery in the following order: 4A for 1 hour, 7A for 1 hour, and 11A for 1 hour. Then turn off the charger and let the battery rest for 16-20 minutes.

[0008] Step 3: The charger starts working and charges the battery in the following order: 15A for 1 hour, 20A for 2 hours, and 25A for 3 hours. Then, the charger is turned off and the battery is left to rest for 25-35 minutes. The charger then starts working again and discharges the battery at 12A for 15 minutes.

[0009] Step 4: Repeat step 3 M times to complete the formation and charging of multiple batteries, where M is a positive integer.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the operation of the charger, a clamp meter is used to calibrate the output current of the battery, and the detected current deviation should be within the deviation standard range; if the detected current deviation is abnormal, the charger should be stopped immediately and restarted after the abnormality is eliminated.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the operation of the charger, a thermometer is inserted into the battery through the acid injection hole, and the detection end of the thermometer contacts the protective sheet inside the battery; when the temperature of the thermometer exceeds 60°C, the charger must be stopped immediately; then, circulating cooling water is added to the water bath, and the charger is turned on again when the battery temperature drops below 55°C.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the electrolyte inside the battery is not visible during the operation of the charger, electrolyte of the same specification needs to be added to the battery immediately.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after step four is completed, the battery is subjected to acid extraction. Before acid extraction, it is necessary to check whether there is acid in the individual cells of the battery. If there is no acid in the individual cells, acid of the same density needs to be added to the individual cells of the battery. After acid extraction, the battery is checked without turning off the DC power switch to observe whether there is acid in the individual cells of the battery and whether there is acid on the surface of the electrode group inside the battery. If there is acid, the acid extraction process needs to be repeated until the specifications are met.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, before the acid extraction, it is necessary to observe whether there is flowing acid on the protective sheet of the battery. If there is no flowing acid, it is necessary to add 1.31g / ml to 1.32g / ml of acid to the battery.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This invention charges the battery in the following order: 4A for 1 hour, 7A for 1 hour, and 11A for 1 hour. Then, the charger is turned off, and the battery is left to stand for 16-20 minutes. This method can keep the initial charging temperature of the battery at 40-45°C, reduce battery defects, ensure a good electronic path between the grid rib interface and the lead paste, and also lower the initial charging temperature of the battery and prevent the internal separator from being broken down by high temperature.

[0017] 2. This invention charges the battery in the following order: 15A for 1 hour, 20A for 2 hours, and 25A for 3 hours. Then, the charger is turned off and the battery is left to stand for 25-35 minutes. The charger is then turned on again and discharged at 12A for 15 minutes. This process is repeated multiple times. This effectively removes polarization and increases charging efficiency. It reduces the total charging and discharging time while ensuring sufficient charge, and also improves production efficiency. At the same time, it increases the battery's first-time discharge pass rate from about 90% to about 98%.

[0018] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the formation and charging process of a lead-acid battery according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific implementation examples:

[0023] Please see Figure 1 As shown, this invention relates to a formation and charging process for lead-acid batteries, primarily targeting the formation and charging of 3-EVF-200A batteries, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Check if the charger is working properly and wear appropriate personal protective equipment. Place ten batteries to be charged side by side in a water bath. Then, connect the batteries in series in the manner of "connecting the negative terminal of the Nth battery to the positive terminal of the (N+1)th battery". Then, connect the positive terminal of the charger to the positive terminal of the first battery to be charged and connect the negative terminal of the charger to the negative terminal of the last battery to be charged. Here, N is a positive integer and 1≤N≤9.

[0025] Step 2: Set the parameters on the computer controlling the charger according to the charging process card parameters. After the settings are completed and confirmed by the quality inspector, turn on the charger. The charger will start working and charge the battery in the following order: 4A for 1 hour, 7A for 1 hour, and 11A for 1 hour. Then turn off the charger and let the battery rest for 18 minutes.

[0026] Step 3: The charger starts working and charges the battery in the following order: 15A for 1 hour, 20A for 2 hours, and 25A for 3 hours. Then, the charger is turned off and the battery is left to rest for 25-35 minutes. The charger then starts working again and discharges the battery at 12A for 15 minutes.

[0027] Step 4: Repeat step 3 three times to complete the formation and charging of multiple batteries.

[0028] During the operation of the charger, the output current of the battery should be calibrated using a clamp meter. The detected current deviation should be within the standard deviation range. If the detected current deviation is abnormal, the charger should be stopped immediately and restarted only after the abnormality has been eliminated.

[0029] During the operation of the charger, insert the thermometer into the battery through the acid injection hole and make the thermometer's sensing end contact the protective plate inside the battery. When the temperature of the thermometer exceeds 60°C, the charger must be stopped immediately. Then, increase the circulation of cooling water into the water bath. When the battery temperature drops below 55°C, the charger can be turned on again.

[0030] If the electrolyte inside the battery is not visible during the charger's operation, electrolyte of the same specification must be added to the battery immediately. Specific Implementation Example 2:

[0032] After step four is completed, the battery is subjected to acid extraction. Before extraction, it is necessary to check whether there is acid in each cell. If there is no acid in the cell, acid of the same density needs to be added to the cell. After extraction, the battery is checked without turning off the DC power switch. Check whether there is acid in the cell and on the surface of the electrode group. If there is acid, the extraction process needs to be repeated until the specifications are met.

[0033] Before removing the acid, it is necessary to check whether there is flowing acid on the battery's protective plate. If there is no flowing acid, then 1.31g / ml to 1.32g / ml of acid needs to be added to the battery.

[0034] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A formation and charging process for a lead-acid battery, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place multiple batteries to be charged side by side in a water bath. Then connect the batteries in series in the manner of "connecting the negative terminal of the Nth battery to the positive terminal of the (N+1)th battery". Then connect the positive terminal of the charger to the positive terminal of the first battery to be charged and connect the negative terminal of the charger to the negative terminal of the last battery to be charged, where N is a positive integer. Step 2: Start the charger and charge the battery in the following order: 4A for 1 hour, 7A for 1 hour, and 11A for 1 hour. Then turn off the charger and let the battery rest for 16-20 minutes. Step 3: The charger starts working and charges the battery in the following order: 15A for 1 hour, 20A for 2 hours, and 25A for 3 hours. Then, the charger is turned off and the battery is left to rest for 25-35 minutes. The charger then starts working again and discharges the battery at 12A for 15 minutes. Step 4: Repeat step 3 M times to complete the formation and charging of multiple batteries, where M is a positive integer.

2. The formation and charging process for a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the operation of the charger, the output current of the battery is calibrated using a clamp meter, and the detected current deviation should be within the deviation standard range; if the detected current deviation is abnormal, the charger should be stopped immediately and restarted only after the abnormality is eliminated.

3. The formation and charging process for a lead-acid battery according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, During the operation of the charger, the thermometer is inserted into the battery through the acid injection hole, and the sensing end of the thermometer contacts the protective plate inside the battery. When the temperature of the thermometer exceeds 60°C, the charger must be stopped immediately. Then, circulating cooling water is added to the water bath, and the charger is turned on again when the battery temperature drops below 55°C.

4. The formation and charging process for a lead-acid battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, If the electrolyte inside the battery is not visible during the operation of the charger, electrolyte of the same specification needs to be added to the battery immediately.

5. The formation and charging process for a lead-acid battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, After step four is completed, the battery undergoes acid extraction. Before extraction, it is necessary to check whether there is acid in each cell. If there is no acid in each cell, acid of the same density needs to be added to the cell. After extraction, the battery is checked without turning off the DC power switch. Observe whether there is acid in each cell and on the surface of the electrode group inside the battery. If there is acid, the acid extraction process needs to be repeated until the specifications are met.

6. The formation and charging process for a lead-acid battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before the acid extraction, it is necessary to observe whether there is flowing acid on the battery's protective sheet. If there is no flowing acid, then 1.31g / ml to 1.32g / ml of acid needs to be added to the battery.

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