A blade bending forming apparatus and method

Abstract

The blade bending forming equipment provided by the application sets the blanking anvil structure and the bending anvil structure for bending forging on the same anvil base structure, the blanking station and the bending station are arranged adjacently, the blank is elongated and formed on the blanking station through the blanking anvil structure, then, the formed blank is moved to the bending station without replacing the equipment, the blank is bent through the bending anvil structure, the blanking and bending processes are realized in one forming, the problem of precision reduction caused by equipment replacement is avoided, meanwhile, two stations are arranged on one base, space and equipment cost are saved, the overall processing cost is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved without replacing the equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing, in particular to a blade bending forming device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Forging is a processing method that uses forging equipment to apply pressure to metal blanks to produce plastic deformation to obtain a forged piece with certain mechanical properties, shape and size. In the design of medium and large energy blade blanks, in order to ensure forging forming, the positioning state of the blank in the die needs to be considered, so many medium and large blades need to be bent for processing, that is, the forging process usually includes two processes: blanking and bending. In the prior art, the processing steps are as follows: first, the blank is formed by blanking to obtain a drawn forming blank 1 as shown in Figure 1 , and then the formed blank is bent by using a free forging equipment, the blank 1 includes a main body 1-2 and a neck 1-1, the neck 1-1 is bent to an angle a by the bending process to obtain a bent blank as shown in Figure 2 . In the prior art, two processes and two devices are needed to complete the blanking and bending of the blade, which not only causes the problem of efficiency decline and energy consumption increase, but also causes the problem of insufficient precision of the workpiece because of the consistency of different operators in the process of replacing the device. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the problem that two devices are needed to complete the blanking and bending of the blade, resulting in low efficiency and easy to cause precision decline when replacing the device, the present application provides a blade bending forming device which can realize one-step forming of blanking and bending of the blank, improve the consistency of bending and reduce cost and increase efficiency. At the same time, the present application also discloses a blade bending forming method.

[0004] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a blade bending forming device, comprising: a blank clamping structure, a flat anvil structure and a bending anvil structure, characterized in that:

[0005] The flat anvil structure and the bending anvil structure are assembled on the same anvil seat structure;

[0006] The anvil seat structure comprises: a first anvil seat and a second anvil seat arranged symmetrically, a blanking station and a bending station are arranged above the first anvil seat and the second anvil seat, and the blanking station and the bending station are arranged on the same straight line;

[0007] The flat anvil structure comprises: two flat anvil dies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the blanking station;

[0008] The bending anvil structure comprises two bending anvils arranged on both sides of the bending station respectively, each of the bending anvils comprises an anvil body and a top block, the anvil body is arranged parallel to the length direction of the blank, and the top block is arranged perpendicular to the anvil body and the blank; an arc-shaped concave groove is arranged on the top block, and the curvature of the concave groove is matched with the outer circumference of the blank;

[0009] The top blocks of the two bending anvils are arranged staggeredly in the length direction of the blank;

[0010] The blank moves between the two stations under the action of the blank clamping structure, and the rotation operation in the forging process is completed.

[0011] Further features are:

[0012] The first anvil seat and the second anvil seat are arranged perpendicular to the horizontal line, and are respectively connected with hydraulic mechanisms driven along the horizontal direction;

[0013] The blank making station is arranged at the middle line position of the first anvil seat and the second anvil seat, and the bending station is arranged above or below the blank making station.

[0014] A blade bending forming method, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1: loading a blank onto a blank making station, starting the flat anvil anvils on the flat anvil structures on both sides, controlling the operation of the flat anvil structures and the blank according to preset forming parameters, forging and lengthening the blank to obtain a formed blank;

[0016] The forming parameters include a closing height, a forging starting position, a rotation angle and a hitting frequency;

[0017] The closing height refers to the distance between the two anvils, the forging starting position refers to the coordinates of the part of the blank contacting the anvil, the rotation angle refers to the included angle between the rotation angle of the blank and the reference plane, and the hitting hammer frequency refers to the contact frequency of the blank and the two anvils;

[0018] S2: moving the formed blank to a bending station along a straight line;

[0019] S3: determining the part to be bent, and setting the position of the anvil contact point of the bending anvil during processing according to the length and the angle to be bent of the bending part;

[0020] The anvil contact point includes a first contact point and a bending transition point;

[0021] The first contact point is the point where the blank first contacts the anvil during bending, and the bending transition point is the anvil contact point located behind the first contact point;

[0022] The straight-line distance between the adjacent anvil contact points decreases in turn according to a preset walking transition threshold value from the first point;

[0023] S4: The bending anvil structure on both sides of the bending station is started, and at the first point, the bending anvil structure and the formed blank are controlled to operate according to the forming parameters corresponding to the first point, so that the blank is forged and bent to obtain a pre-bent blank;

[0024] S5: Each bending transition point on the pre-bent blank is forged and bent based on the bending anvil structure according to a preset closed height and a starting forging position, so that the forming of the bending part is completed, and a bent blank is obtained.

[0025] The closed height corresponding to each bending transition point increases in turn according to a preset closed transition threshold value after the first point.

[0026] It is further characterized in that:

[0027] The number of bending transition points is 6-10.

[0028] The blade bending forming equipment provided by the present application sets the blank elongation flat anvil structure and the bending forging bending anvil structure on the same anvil seat structure, sets the blanking station and the bending station adjacent to each other, elongates and forms the blank on the blanking station through the flat anvil structure, then moves the formed blank to the bending station without replacing the equipment, and processes the blank through the bending anvil structure to realize one-fire forming of the blanking and bending processes of the blank, avoid the problem of precision decline caused by equipment replacement, save space and equipment cost by setting two stations on one base, reduce the overall processing cost, and improve the processing efficiency without replacing the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a structure diagram of the elongated formed blank;

[0030] Figure 2 is a structure diagram of the bent blank;

[0031] Figure 3 is a structure diagram of the blade bending forming equipment;

[0032] Figure 4 is a structure diagram of the bending anvil;

[0033] Figure 5 is a bending forging process diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] As Figures 1-5As shown, this application provides a blade bending forming device, which includes: a blank clamping structure, a flat anvil structure and a bending anvil structure.

[0035] The flat anvil structure and the bending anvil structure are assembled on the same anvil base structure, ensuring that the two forging operations can be completed through the same set of anvil base structures. The anvil base structure includes: a first anvil base 6 and a second anvil base 7 symmetrically arranged, with a blanking station 2 and a bending station 3 set between the first anvil base 6 and the second anvil base 7. The blanking station 2 and the bending station 3 are set on the same straight line, and the blanking station 2 is set at the center line position of the first anvil base 6 and the second anvil base 7.

[0036] By setting the blanking station 2 and the bending station 3 on the same straight line, it is ensured that when moving the blank between the two stations, only the coordinates in one direction need to be positioned. After the blank is changed to a different station, no additional positioning operations are required, which reduces the operation of blank precision positioning and improves work efficiency.

[0037] The flat anvil structure includes two flat anvils 4 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the blank-making station 2.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the bending anvil 5 structure includes two bending anvils 5 respectively disposed on both sides of the bending station 3. The bending anvil 5 includes an anvil body 5-1 and a top block 5-2. The anvil body 5-1 is disposed parallel to the length direction of the billet, and the top block 5-2 is disposed perpendicular to both the anvil body 5-1 and the billet 1. An arc-shaped concave groove 5-3 is provided on the top block 5-2, and the curvature of the concave groove 5-3 is adapted to the outer circumference of the billet 1. The positions of the top blocks 5-2 of the two bending anvils 5 are staggered in the length direction of the billet 1. When the two bending anvils 5 apply force to the middle position of the billet 1 in the length direction, the two staggered top blocks 5-2 have a contact point with the billet 1, causing the billet 1 to bend. The specific staggered distance between the two top blocks 5-2 is set according to the length of the billet 1 and the bending angle. In this embodiment, for a billet with a length of about 1m, the distance between the top blocks 5-2 on the two bending anvils 5 is set to 90mm.

[0039] The billet 1 moves between two stations under the action of the billet clamping structure (not marked in the figure) and completes the rotation operation during the forging process. In specific implementation, the billet clamping structure is based on the four-jaw machine clamp structure in the prior art.

[0040] In a specific implementation, the first anvil 6 and the second anvil 7 can be arranged perpendicularly to the horizontal line or arranged parallel to the horizontal line, which is selected according to the space position of the forging workshop and the position space of the upstream and downstream equipment in the prior art. In the embodiment, the first anvil 6 and the second anvil 7 are arranged perpendicularly to the horizontal line and are connected to the hydraulic mechanism moving along the horizontal direction as the driving structure, so as to realize the simultaneous forging operation to the middle position, wherein the horizontal driving structure is realized based on the horizontal driving structure of the radial forging equipment in the prior art. The bending station 3 is arranged above or below the blank making station 2.

[0041] A blade bending forming method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0042] S1: moving the blank 1 to the blank making station 2 through the feeding equipment or the clamping structure, starting the flat anvil 4 on both sides, controlling the operation of the flat anvil structure and the blank according to the preset forming parameters, elongating the blank 1 to obtain a formed blank;

[0043] The forming parameters include the closing height, the forging position, the rotation angle and the hitting times.

[0044] The closing height refers to the distance between the two anvils, the forging position refers to the coordinates of the part of the blank contacting the anvil, the rotation angle refers to the included angle between the rotation angle of the blank and the reference plane, and the hitting times refer to the contact times between the blank 1 and the two anvils.

[0045] The specific forming parameters are set according to the shape and size of the workpiece.

[0046] S2: moving the formed blank to the bending station 3 along a straight line; in the embodiment, the center point coordinate distance between the blank making station 2 and the bending station 3 is 300 mm.

[0047] S3: determining the part to be bent, and setting the position of the anvil contact point of the bending anvil 5 during processing according to the length and the angle to be bent;

[0048] The anvil contact point includes the first contact point and the bending transition point.

[0049] The first contact point is the point where the blank first contacts the anvil during bending, and the bending transition point is the anvil contact point located behind the first contact point.

[0050] From the first contact point, the straight line distance between the adjacent anvil contact points is uniformly moved according to the preset walking transition threshold.

[0051] S4: starting the bending anvil 5 structure on both sides of the bending station 3, controlling the operation of the bending anvil 5 structure and the formed blank at the first contact point according to the preset forming parameters, forging and bending the blank 1 to obtain a pre-bent blank.

[0052] S5: For each bending transition point on the pre-bent billet, according to the preset closing height and forging position, forging bending is performed sequentially based on the bending anvil 5 structure to complete the forming of the bending part and obtain the bent billet.

[0053] After the first point, the closing height corresponding to each bending transition point increases sequentially according to the preset closing transition threshold. That is, the bending forging of the bending transition points evenly distributed on the billet is increased and increased to achieve a smooth transition of the bending section.

[0054] In practice, the number of bending transition points should be 6 to 10. Too many transition points will result in ineffective movements, while too few will lead to an insufficiently smooth transition. In this embodiment, the walking transition threshold is set to 10 to 15 mm, and the closing transition threshold is set to 1 to 4 mm.

[0055] The technical solution of this application can be based on CNC machining technology, by developing a set of CNC forging programs to assist bending, and controlling the equipment to complete the process automatically. For example... Figure 5 As shown, after using the technical solution of this application, the formed billet 1, which is elongated by the flat anvil structure at the billet preparation station 2, is moved to the bending station 3; in this embodiment, after being elongated, the billet is obtained as a formed billet with a length of about 1m, and the neck 1-1 is bent at the bending station. After determining the first and second points, the coordinates of the first and second points are input into the program as the starting position of the first and second points, and 6 to 10 bending transition points are selected in a length range of about 60-150mm behind the first and second points. Figure 5 In this embodiment, the right side is the rear, and the coordinates of the bending transition points increase sequentially. A closing height is then set for each bending transition point, and the coordinates of the bending transition points are input into the program as the starting forging position. The billet 1 is set to be subjected to radial pressure of approximately 10MN on both sides.

[0056] After the bending process is started, the first point 1-3 is processed. With the first point as the center point, the two sides of the first point 1-3 contact the top blocks 5-2 of the two bending anvils 5 at the same time. The contact points on both sides form a misalignment of about 90mm, which causes the billet to bend after being subjected to force at an instant, and a pre-bent billet is obtained.

[0057] Then, from the first site right adjacent to the bending transition point, one by one for each bending transition point bending processing, set: a total of 6 bending transition points: d1~d6, the horizontal coordinates of the first site 1-3 is x, the closed height is h, then the horizontal coordinates of the adjacent bending transition point d1 is x+10, the closed height is h+2mm, the horizontal coordinates of the following d2 is x+20, the closed height is h+4mm, the horizontal coordinates of d3 is x+30, the closed height is h+6mm, the horizontal coordinates of d4 is x+40, the closed height is h+8mm, the horizontal coordinates of d5 is x+50, the closed height is h+10mm, the horizontal coordinates of d6 is x+60, the closed height is h+12mm, finally, the 1m or so of the blank can be bent to 11°-15°.

Claims

1. A vane bending forming apparatus comprising: Blank clamping structure, flat anvil structure and bending anvil structure, characterized in that: The flat anvil structure and the bending anvil structure are assembled on the same anvil seat structure; The anvil seat structure comprises a first anvil seat and a second anvil seat arranged symmetrically, a blanking station and a bending station arranged above the first anvil seat and the second anvil seat, and the blanking station and the bending station are arranged on the same straight line; The flat anvil structure comprises two flat anvil blocks symmetrically arranged on both sides of the blanking station; The bending anvil structure comprises two bending anvils arranged on both sides of the bending station respectively, and each bending anvil comprises an anvil body and a top block, the anvil body is arranged parallel to the length direction of the blank, and the top block is arranged perpendicular to the anvil body and the blank; an arc-shaped concave groove is arranged on the top block, and the curvature of the concave groove is matched with the outer circumference of the blank; The positions of the top blocks of the two bending anvils are staggered in the length direction of the blank; The blank moves between the two stations under the action of the blank clamping structure and completes the rotation operation in the forging process.

2. The vane bending forming apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The first anvil seat and the second anvil seat are arranged perpendicular to the horizontal line and are respectively connected with hydraulic mechanisms driven in the horizontal direction.

3. The vane bending forming apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The blanking station is arranged at the middle line position of the first anvil seat and the second anvil seat, and the bending station is arranged above or below the blanking station.

4. A method of bending a blade using the blade bending apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by, It comprises the following steps: S1: loading the blank onto the blanking station, starting the flat anvil blocks on the flat anvil structure on both sides, controlling the operation of the flat anvil structure and the blank according to the preset forming parameters, forging and stretching the blank to obtain a formed blank; The forming parameters include closing height, forging starting position, rotation angle and number of blows; The closing height refers to the distance between the two anvils, the forging starting position refers to the coordinates of the part of the blank contacting the anvil, the rotation angle refers to the angle between the rotation angle of the blank and the reference plane, and the number of blows refers to the number of contacts between the blank and the two anvils; S2: moving the formed blank to the bending station along the straight line; S3: determining the part to be bent, and setting the position of the anvil contact point of the bending anvil during processing according to the length and the angle to be bent; The anvil contact point includes a first point and a bending transition point; The first point is the first contact point between the blank and the anvil during bending, and the bending transition point is the anvil contact point located behind the first point; The straight line distance between the first point and the adjacent anvil contact point decreases in turn according to the preset walking transition threshold; S4: the bending anvil structure on both sides of the bending station is started, and the bending anvil structure and the formed blank are controlled to operate according to the forming parameters corresponding to the first point at the first point, so as to forge and bend the blank to obtain a pre-bent blank; S5: each bending transition point on the pre-bent blank is forged and bent according to the preset closing height, forging starting position and bending anvil structure in turn, so as to complete the forming of the bending part and obtain a bent blank; The closing height corresponding to each bending transition point after the first point increases in turn according to the preset closing transition threshold.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein: The number of bending transition points is 6-10.

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