Steel belt type angle detection tree diameter device and detection method

Abstract

The application discloses a steel belt type angle detection tree diameter device, which comprises a steel belt, a supporting unit and a reading unit, the supporting unit is fixed with the reading unit, one end of the steel belt is fixed to the reading unit, the other end of the steel belt is fixed to the supporting unit, and the steel belt and the supporting unit form an enclosed space for accommodating the measured tree; the supporting unit comprises a supporting main plate and a supporting side plate, supporting side plates are arranged on the two sides of the supporting main plate, and an included angle is formed between the supporting side plate and the supporting main plate. The steel belt is fixed at one end of the rotating disc, and the other end is arranged around the outer diameter of the measured tree through the supporting unit; the steel belt is supported by the supporting main plate and the supporting side plate, and the tightness of the steel belt is moderate when the steel belt is arranged around the outer side of the measured tree; the limiting baffle is in contact with the measured tree, so that the positional relationship between the supporting unit and the measured tree is determined.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tree diameter measurement, in particular to a steel band type angle detection tree diameter device and a detection method. BACKGROUND

[0002] When studying the growth of trees under different conditions, ecological sample plot investigation and forest resource fixed sample plot monitoring growth, it is necessary to measure the diameter of the same tree for many times in one year or more, and a diameter tape is used each time, which is also called a girth tape, including cloth girth tape, steel girth tape and bamboo girth tape. The diameter reading corresponding to the circumference length is marked on one side of the girth tape. When measuring, the girth tape needs to be pulled tightly around the tree trunk, and the hands inevitably come into contact with the tree trunk. If the force is limited, it is difficult to pull tightly. It is not convenient to measure the diameter of the tree if there are ditches, pits, honeycombs, thorns (Chinese fir, castanopsis) or allergenic tree species (lacquer tree) beside the tree trunk. If there is a depression in the measured part of the tree trunk, the tape cannot be tightly wrapped around the tree trunk, and the precision is not high. When measuring the diameter of the tree with a steel girth tape, the length of the steel girth tape may expand due to the large temperature difference of the environment caused by multiple measurements, and if this factor is not considered when measuring the diameter of the tree, a large error will be generated. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above problems, and a steel band type angle detection tree diameter device is designed. The device comprises a steel band, a support unit and a reading unit, the support unit is fixed with the reading unit, one end of the steel band is fixed to the reading unit, the other end of the steel band is fixed to the support unit, and the steel band and the support unit form an enclosed space for accommodating the measured tree; the support unit comprises a support main plate and a support side plate, the support side plates are arranged on both sides of the support main plate, and the support side plates and the support main plate form an included angle.

[0004] Further, the support main plate and the support side plate are fixedly connected.

[0005] Further, the support side plate is provided with a limiting baffle at the upper portion and / or the lower portion, and the limiting baffle is in contact with the outer wall of the measured tree.

[0006] Further, the reading unit comprises a rotating disc, a fixed seat and a base, the fixed seat and the base are fixedly connected, the rotating disc is sleeved outside the fixed seat and can rotate along the fixed seat, the fixed seat is provided with scale lines in the circumferential direction, the rotating disc is provided with a positioning strip, one end of the steel band is fixed to the rotating disc, and the other end of the steel band is fixed to one of the support side plates through the measured tree.

[0007] Further, the reading unit further comprises a digital potentiometer, the top of the fixed seat is fixed with a support platform, the inside of the rotating disc is fixed with a support column, the support column and the support platform are in contact with each other, one end of the digital potentiometer is fixed to the support platform, and the other end of the digital potentiometer extends out of the support platform and extends into the support column.

[0008] Further, the top of the rotating disc is threadedly connected with a limiting screw, and the end of the limiting screw is in contact with the digital potentiometer.

[0009] Further, at least one of the support side plates is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, the first through hole and the second through hole are arranged side by side, and one end of the steel belt fixed to the support side plate sequentially passes through the first through hole and the second through hole.

[0010] Further, the top of the support platform is fixed with a rotating positioning sleeve, and a plurality of guide blocks are fixed to the outer wall of the rotating positioning sleeve and in contact with the rotating disc.

[0011] Further, the guide block has a vertical part and an inclined part, the vertical part and the inclined part are integrally formed, and the inclined part has a gap with the rotating disc.

[0012] The steel belt type angle detection tree diameter detection method applies the steel belt type angle detection tree diameter device, and comprises the following steps.

[0013] Step two: the free end of the steel belt is wound around one of the support side plates and the measured tree after the free end of the steel belt is fixed at the other support side plate, and the steel belt and the support unit surround the part to be monitored of the measured tree.

[0014] Step three: the reading unit reads the rotating angle δ of the rotating disc and calculates the length L2 of the steel belt pulled out.

[0015] Step four: according to the length L2 of the steel belt pulled out this time and the length L1 of the steel belt pulled out last time, the change amount ΔL of the steel belt is calculated, and the diameter D2 of the measured tree is further calculated.

[0016] In step three, the reading measurement data specifically includes that the digital potentiometer generates a voltage signal when rotating, the resistance value of the potentiometer changes, the resistance value of the measurement resistance is calculated to obtain the actual rotating angle δ of the digital potentiometer, and the length L2 of the steel belt pulled out is calculated according to the formula L2=δ×r, wherein r is the radius of the rotating disc.

[0017] In step four, the change amount ΔL of the steel belt is calculated according to the formula ΔL=L2-L1, and the diameter D2 of the measured tree is calculated according to the formula The diameter D2 of the measured tree is calculated.

[0018] In the third step, the ambient temperature T2 at the present monitoring time and the ambient temperature T1 at the last monitoring time are used to calculate the expansion amount ΔC of the steel belt (1) according to the formula ΔC = a x (a x ΔT), wherein a is the thickness of the steel belt, and the temperature change amount is ΔT = T2 - T1, and the actual steel belt change amount is calculated according to the formula ΔL' = ΔL + ΔC.

[0019] The steel belt type angle detection tree diameter device and method prepared by the technical scheme of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) One end of the rigid belt is fixed at the rotating disc, and the other end is wound around the outer diameter of the measured tree through the support unit, and the rigid belt is supported by the support main plate and the support side plate, and the rigidity of the rigid belt is moderate when it is wound around the outer side of the measured tree; the limiting baffle is in contact with the measured tree, which facilitates the determination of the positional relationship between the support unit and the measured tree;

[0021] (2) When the rotating disc and the fixed seat rotate relative to each other, a guide block is provided to ensure stable rotation of the rotating disc, and the guide block is composed of a vertical part and an inclined part, and the inclined part 392 is provided to avoid jamming between the rotating disc and the fixed seat;

[0022] (3) The diameter of the tree is calculated according to the steel belt change amount obtained by two times of side measurement, the angle of rotation of the rotating disc and the radius, without tightly winding the rigid belt around the measured tree, avoiding the influence of the insufficient rigidity of the rigid belt on the measurement of the diameter of the tree, and at the same time, the expansion of the steel belt in different temperatures is corrected when calculating the diameter of the tree, reducing the possibility of large error caused by large temperature difference in the measurement of the diameter of the tree. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the steel belt type angle detection tree diameter device according to the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a top view of the steel belt type angle detection tree diameter device according to the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 is a sectional view of the present application along the direction A-A; Figure 2

[0026] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the fixed seat according to the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the support unit according to the present application;

[0028] ​In the diagram, 1. Steel strip; 2. Support unit; 21. Support main board; 22. Support side plate; 221. First through hole; 222. Second through hole; 23. Limiting baffle; 3. Reading unit; 31. Turntable; 32. Fixing seat; 33. Base; 34. Positioning strip; 35. Digital potentiometer; 36. Supporting platform; 37. Supporting column; 38. Limiting screw; 39. Guide block; 391. Vertical part; 392. Inclined part; 310. Rotary positioning sleeve; 4. Tree under test. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, the steel strip type angle detection tree diameter device includes a steel strip 1, a support unit 2, and a reading unit 3. The reading unit 3 is fixed to the support unit 2. One end of the steel strip 1 is fixed to the reading unit 3, and the other end of the steel strip 1 is fixed to the support unit 2. The steel strip 1 and the support unit 2 form an enclosing space to accommodate the tree 4 being measured. The support unit 2 includes a main support plate 21 and support side plates 22. Support side plates 22 are provided on both sides of the main support plate 21, and the support side plates 22 form an angle with the main support plate 21. The support unit 2 is used to adjust the position of the entire steel strip type angle detection tree diameter device and to guide the steel strip 1. The reading unit 3 is used to monitor changes in the diameter of the tree 4 being measured.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the main support plate 21 is fixedly connected to the side support plate 22. The main support plate 21 and the side support plate 22 are fixedly connected or integrally formed. The main support plate 21 and the side support plate 22 intersect at an obtuse angle. The side support plate 22 is used to surround the tree 4 to be measured, so that the steel strip 1 can be wrapped around the outer wall of the tree 4 to provide guidance. The main support plate 21 is used to fix the side support plate 22.

[0031] A limiting baffle 23 is fixed to the upper and / or lower part of the supporting side plate 22, and the limiting baffle 23 is in contact with the outer wall of the tree 4 being tested. The contact between the limiting baffle 23 and the outer wall of the tree 4 determines the relative position between the steel strip type angle detection tree diameter device 1 and the tree 4 being tested, preventing relative tilting between the supporting side plate 22 and the supporting main plate 21 and the tree 4 being tested. Furthermore, as an extension of the supporting side plate 22, the limiting baffle 23 makes smooth contact with the tree 4 being tested, ensuring a smooth, non-protruding winding of the steel strip 1 along the supporting side plate 22 and the tree 4, resulting in more accurate detection results.

[0032] like Figure 3As shown, the reading unit 3 comprises a rotating disc 31, a fixed seat 32 and a base 33, the fixed seat 32 and the base 33 are fixedly connected, the rotating disc 31 is sleeved outside the fixed seat 32 and can rotate along the fixed seat 32, the fixed seat 32 is circumferentially distributed with scale lines, the rotating disc 31 is provided with a positioning strip 34, one end of the steel band 1 is fixed to the rotating disc 31, and the other end of the steel band 1 is fixed to one of the support side plates 22 through the trunk 4. When measuring the growth amount of the tree, the measured data is obtained at the reading unit 3, specifically, at least one of the support side plates 22 is provided with a first through hole 221 and a second through hole 222, the first through hole 221 and the second through hole 222 are arranged side by side, and one end of the steel band 1 fixed to the support side plate 22 passes through the first through hole 221 and the second through hole 222 in sequence. One end of the steel band 1 is fixed to the support side plate 22, and the other end is fixed at the rotating disc 31. In the process of pulling out the steel band 1, the rotating disc 31 rotates along the fixed seat 32, the rotating disc 31 rotates by an angle δ, and the length L2 of the steel band 1 pulled out can be calculated according to the angle δ. Since the diameter growth of the tree is measured in a periodic manner, the length of the steel band 1 pulled out by the tree in the first detection is L1, and the change ΔL of the length of the steel band 1 pulled out can be calculated by the lengths of the steel band 1 pulled out twice. The diameter D1 of the tree in the first time is known, and the diameter D2 of the tree at the moment of measurement is further calculated.

[0033] The reading unit 3 further comprises a digital potentiometer 35, the top of the fixed seat 32 is fixed with a support platform 36, the inside of the rotating disc 31 is fixed with a support column 37, the support column 37 and the support platform 36 are in contact with each other, one end of the digital potentiometer 35 is fixed to the support platform 36, the other end of the digital potentiometer 35 extends out of the support platform 36 and extends into the support column 37, and the digital potentiometer 35 is electrically connected with a controller. Since the rotating shaft of the digital potentiometer 35 is fixedly connected with the rotating disc 31, the rotation of the rotating disc 31 drives the rotation of the rotating shaft of the potentiometer to generate a voltage signal, a voltage acquisition circuit is used to convert the resistance value change of the potentiometer into a voltage signal, and an analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the voltage signal into an input signal of the micro-processing unit and input the input signal to an I / O module of the micro-control unit. Further, the rotation angle δ of the rotating disc 31 is obtained, the radius r of the rotating disc 31 is fixed and known after design, and the product of the rotation angle δ of the rotating disc 31 and the diameter r is the length of the steel band 1 pulled out. The support column 37 and the support platform 36 abut each other to ensure the stability between the rotating disc 31 and the fixed seat 32.

[0034] The top of the rotating disc 31 is threadedly connected with a limiting screw 38, and the end of the limiting screw 38 is in contact with the digital potentiometer 35. The limiting screw 38 is in contact with the digital potentiometer 35 to avoid the digital potentiometer 35 from moving along the axial direction.

[0035] The rotating positioning sleeve 310 is fixed on the top of the support platform 36, and a plurality of guide blocks 39 are fixed on the outer wall of the rotating positioning sleeve 310 and in contact with the rotating disc 31. The guide block 39 has a vertical part 391 and an inclined part 392, and the inclined part 392 has a gap with the rotating disc 31. When the rotating disc 31 rotates relative to the fixed seat 32, the guide block 39 is provided, which guarantees the stable rotation of the rotating disc 31. The guide block 39 is composed of the vertical part 391 and the inclined part 392, and the inclined part 392 is provided to avoid jamming between the rotating disc 31 and the fixed seat 32.

[0036] The steel belt type angle detection tree diameter detection method comprises the following steps: adjusting the relative position between the support side plate 22, the limiting baffle 23 and the measured tree 4, so that the limiting baffle 23 is in contact with the circumference of the measured tree 4; the support side plate 22 is used for guiding the winding of the steel belt 1, and the limiting baffle 23 is used for determining the position between the support unit 2 and the measured tree 4 to make the measurement result more accurate.

[0037] Step two: the free end of the steel belt 1 passes through one of the support side plates 22 and the measured tree 4 along the rotating disc 31, and the free end is fixed at the other support side plate 22, and the steel belt 1 and the support unit 2 surround the part to be monitored of the measured tree 4;

[0038] Step three: the rotating angle δ of the rotating disc 31 is read by the reading unit 3, and the length L2 of the steel belt 1 pulled out is calculated. In this step, the measurement data includes the voltage signal generated when the digital potentiometer 35 rotates, the resistance value change of the potentiometer, the calculation of the actual rotation angle δ of the digital potentiometer 35 by measuring the resistance value, and the calculation of the length L2 of the steel belt 11 pulled out according to the formula L2=δ×r, wherein r is the radius of the rotating disc 31. The radius of the rotating disc 31 can be known after the design of the rotating disc 31 is completed.

[0039] Step four: the change amount ΔL of the steel belt 1 is calculated according to the length L2 of the steel belt 1 pulled out in this measurement and the length L1 of the steel belt 1 pulled out in the previous measurement, and the diameter D2 of the measured tree 4 is further calculated. The change amount ΔL of the steel belt 1 is calculated according to the formula ΔL=L2-L1, and the diameter D2 of the measured tree 4 is calculated according to the formula D2=D1+ΔL / L2. In this measurement, the length L2 of the steel belt 1 pulled out is obtained. Since the growth of the tree is measured many times in a period, the length L1 of the steel belt 1 pulled out in the last measurement is obtained. The difference between the lengths of the steel belt 1 pulled out in the two measurements is the growth circumference of the tree in this stage. The diameter D1 of the tree obtained in the last measurement is known, so the current diameter D2 of the measured tree 4 can be calculated.

[0040] ​Since the temperature can vary greatly during the whole growth cycle, the temperature will affect the expansion of the steel band 1. Therefore, the actual tree diameter measurement should also be corrected, and the specific way is as follows: the environment temperature T2 during the current monitoring, the environment temperature T1 during the last monitoring, the expansion amount ΔC of the steel band 1 is calculated according to the formula ΔC=α×(a×ΔT), wherein a is the thickness of the steel band, and α is the thermal expansion coefficient of the steel band, and the value is 1.2×10 -5 / ℃, the temperature change amount is ΔT=T2-T1, and the actual steel band 1 change amount is calculated according to the formula ΔL'=ΔL+ΔC. The controller further calculates the actual diameter of the tree as

[0041]

[0042] The above technical scheme only embodies the preferred technical scheme of the technical scheme of the present application, and some changes that the person skilled in the art can make to some parts thereof all embody the principle of the present application and belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A steel band angle detection tree diameter device, characterized by, The application relates to a steel-belt type angle detection tree diameter device, which comprises a steel belt (1), a supporting unit (2) and a reading unit (3), the supporting unit (2) is fixed with the reading unit (3), one end of the steel belt (1) is fixed to the reading unit (3), the other end of the steel belt (1) is fixed to the supporting unit (2), and the steel belt (1) and the supporting unit (2) form an enclosed space for containing a measured tree (4). The supporting unit (2) comprises a supporting main plate (21) and a supporting side plate (22), the supporting side plates (22) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the supporting main plate (21), and the supporting side plates (22) and the supporting main plate (21) form an included angle. The supporting side plate (22) is provided with a limiting baffle (23) at the upper portion and / or the lower portion, and the limiting baffle (23) is in contact with the outer wall of the measured tree (4). The reading unit (3) comprises a rotating disc (31), a fixing seat (32) and a base (33), the fixing seat (32) and the base (33) are fixedly connected, the rotating disc (31) is sleeved outside the fixing seat (32) and can rotate along the fixing seat (32), one end of the steel belt (1) is fixed to the rotating disc (31), and the other end of the steel belt (1) is fixed to one of the supporting side plates (22) through the surrounding side of the measured tree (4). The reading unit (3) further comprises a digital potentiometer (35), the fixing seat (32) is provided with a supporting platform (36) at the top, the rotating disc (31) is internally provided with a supporting column (37), the supporting column (37) is in contact with the supporting platform (36), one end of the digital potentiometer (35) is fixed to the supporting platform (36), and the other end of the digital potentiometer (35) extends out of the supporting platform (36) and extends into the supporting column (37). At least one of the supporting side plates (22) is provided with a first through hole (221) and a second through hole (222), the first through hole (221) and the second through hole (222) are arranged side by side, and one end of the steel belt (1) fixed to the supporting side plate (22) sequentially passes through the first through hole (221) and the second through hole (222). The supporting platform (36) is provided with a rotating positioning sleeve (310) at the top, the outer wall of the rotating positioning sleeve (310) is fixedly provided with a plurality of guide blocks (39), the guide blocks (39) are in contact with the rotating disc (31), the guide blocks (39) have vertical portions (391) and inclined portions (392), the vertical portions (391) and the inclined portions (392) are integrally formed, and the inclined portions (392) have gaps with the rotating disc (31).

2. A steel band angle detection tree diameter detection method characterized by, The application further discloses a steel-belt type angle detection tree diameter device, and the application comprises the following steps: adjusting the relative positions of the supporting side plates (22) and the limiting baffles (23) and the measured tree (4) so that the limiting baffles (23) are in contact with the surrounding side of the measured tree (4). Step two: the free end of the steel band (1) is fixed at another support side plate (22) after passing through one of the support side plates (22) along the rotating disc (31) behind the measured tree (4), and the steel band (1) and the support unit (2) surround the part to be monitored of the measured tree (4); Step three: read the rotation angle of the rotary disc (31) by the reading unit (3) and convert the length of the drawn steel strip (1) ; Step four: Calculate the length of the steel band (1) pulled out at this time and the length of the steel band (1) pulled out at the last time Calculate the change of the steel band , and further convert the diameter of the measured tree (4) .

3. The steel band angle detection tree path detection method according to claim 2, characterized by, In the third step, reading the measurement data specifically includes the voltage signal generated when the digital potentiometer (35) rotates, the resistance value of the potentiometer changes, and the resistance value is measured to calculate the actual rotation angle of the digital potentiometer (35) The length of the steel strip (1) drawn out is calculated according to the formula Where, is the radius of the rotating disc (31).​ 4. The steel band angle detection tree path detection method according to claim 3, characterized by, In step four, according to the formula Calculate the change in steel strip (1) And according to the formula Calculate the diameter of the tree being measured (4) .

5. The steel band angle detection tree path detection method according to claim 4, characterized by, In step three, the ambient temperature during this monitoring was... The ambient temperature during the last monitoring was According to the formula Calculate the expansion of the steel strip ,in For the thickness of the steel strip, The coefficient of thermal expansion of the steel strip is given by the temperature change. The actual change in steel strip is based on the formula. The calculation yielded the result.

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