A method for opening holes in blast furnace hot blast pipes using a laser scanner

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for drilling holes in a hot blast pipe of a blast furnace using a laser scanner, comprising the following steps: laying out control points; measuring the coordinate values ​​of the control points using a total station and unifying the coordinate system; performing a first scan using a laser scanner; removing the hot blast pipe and related accessories; using the total station to guide the installation of the hot blast pipe, so that it is as close to the state before removal as possible; performing a second scan using a laser scanner; backing up the original data of the first and second scans, deleting all data other than the hot blast pipe in the second scan data, deleting the point cloud data of the hot blast pipe in the first scan data, and splicing the first and second scan point cloud data using control points; modeling and calculating the coordinate values ​​of the center hole position; staking out the coordinate values ​​on the hot blast pipe using a total station; verifying the accuracy of the staking out coordinate values ​​of the hot blast pipe using the total station; and drilling the hole. The present invention aims to achieve precise drilling of holes according to the dimensional variations of each air inlet pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of measurement technology, and in particular to a method for opening holes in a blast furnace hot blast conduit using a laser scanner as an aid. Background Art

[0002] When replacing a blast furnace's hot blast tube, the most common method currently used is to drill holes using a mold. However, due to the mold's uniformity and ideal nature, it's impossible to adapt to the dimensional variations of each air inlet tube, resulting in deviations in the hole placement. Furthermore, deviations during the hot blast tube's production and installation can also affect the hole placement. The main reasons are: significant deviations in the tube and ring diameters during production; horizontal and vertical deviations during installation; and the need to assemble the hot blast tube on site, which inevitably leads to distortion. This significantly impacts the drilling process.

[0003] Comparison Data 1: Blast Furnace Hot Air Tube Tuyere Opening Auxiliary Tool

[0004] The utility model provides an auxiliary tool for quickly and accurately locating the opening position of the tuyere of the hot blast enclosure pipe of a blast furnace in a simulated connection state. The tool comprises a horizontal horizontal pipe and an inclined inclined pipe. One end of the inclined pipe is fixed to the left end of the horizontal pipe by a support rod, and the other end of the inclined pipe is connected to the gooseneck of the tuyere device via a large flange. The inclined pipe has a disconnected structure and is connected by a small flange at the disconnection point. The right end of the horizontal pipe is placed against the small sleeve of the tuyere.

[0005] The present device allows for quick and accurate positioning of the openings for the tuyere of the hot blast duct in a blast furnace, without the need for specialized measuring instruments or a tripod. This type of jig is not only heavy but also incapable of accommodating variations in the installation of the hot blast duct and the manufacturing of the air supply device. Furthermore, the jig is not universally applicable, resulting in inaccurate opening positions and irregular hole shapes, necessitating the installation of numerous tripods.

[0006] Comparative Data 2: Method for Opening Holes on Hot Air Pipes of Blast Furnace Air Supply Devices

[0007] The present invention relates to the installation of a blast furnace air supply device in a smelting project, and more specifically, to a method for drilling holes in a hot blast enclosure for a blast furnace air supply device. The method comprises the following steps: measuring the blast furnace tuyere flange data; measuring the actual size data of the blast furnace air supply device; making a hole positioning jig; making a hole template on the hot blast enclosure; using a theodolite to project the longitudinal center axis of the hole on the hot blast enclosure; using a positioning jig to locate the center point of the hole; using a hole template to draw the hole edge line on the hot blast enclosure; and cutting the hole in the hot blast enclosure according to the hole edge line. The present invention uses actual construction data to perform measurement correction, adopts a method of projecting the center axis using a measuring instrument and combining it with a positioning jig to determine the precise center point of the hole, and uses a hole template to achieve precise drilling. The process operation is simple and fast, and can effectively ensure and improve the installation quality of the air supply device. This method is complex to operate, takes a long time to drill the hole, requires a hanging platform to be set up inside the blast furnace, has poor safety, requires a large number of construction personnel and construction equipment, is inefficient, and is costly.

[0008] Comparative Data 3: Blast Furnace Tuyere Equipment Installation Method

[0009] The present invention discloses a method for installing blast furnace tuyere equipment that can improve installation quality. The specific process of this installation method is as follows: first, the position of the center of the pipe hole is determined by using a geometric method; then, a hole is pre-drilled on the hot blast surrounding pipe with the center of the pipe hole as the center of the circle; the pipe is placed into the pre-drilled pipe hole; then, the other components of the tuyere equipment are installed between the pipe and the tuyere using an integral installation method; then, the hole on the hot blast surrounding pipe is gradually enlarged, and the position of the pipe is adjusted so that the installation angle of the tuyere equipment and the horizontality of the straight blowing pipe meet the installation requirements; finally, the pipe is welded and fixed to the hot blast surrounding pipe. This installation method can improve the installation quality of the entire tuyere equipment, improve the production operation capacity and production efficiency of the blast furnace, and also improve the interchangeability between various tuyere equipment. This method cannot adapt to the installation deviation of the hot blast surrounding pipe and the manufacturing deviation of the air supply device. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The present invention provides a method for drilling holes in blast furnace hot blast ducts using a laser scanner. This method is used to assist in the replacement and drilling of hot blast ducts. The method utilizes a laser scanner in conjunction with a total station, cleverly utilizing the total station's layout and precise control measurement capabilities to compensate for the laser scanner's shortcomings. This method requires no tooling and can accommodate deviations that occur during the hot blast duct fabrication and installation process. Through modeling, precise drilling is achieved to accommodate dimensional variations in each air inlet duct.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] The present invention discloses a method for opening a hole in a hot blast pipe of a blast furnace by using a laser scanner. The method comprises the following steps: arranging control points; measuring the coordinate values ​​of the control points by using a total station and unifying the coordinate system; performing a first scan by using a laser scanner; removing the hot blast pipe and related accessories; using the total station to guide the installation of the hot blast pipe, so as to be as close as possible to the state before the removal; performing a second scan by using a laser scanner; backing up the original data of the first and second scans, deleting all data other than the hot blast pipe in the second scan data, deleting the point cloud data of the hot blast pipe in the first scan data, and splicing the point cloud data of the first and second scans by using control points; modeling and calculating the coordinate values ​​of the central opening position; staking out the coordinate values ​​on the hot blast pipe by using a total station; verifying the accuracy of the staking out coordinate values ​​of the hot blast pipe by using the total station; and opening the hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0014] 1) Arrange control points on the corresponding platform of the hot blast pipe of the blast furnace. The principle of arranging control points is to ensure that each station of the total station can see at least 5 control points;

[0015] 2) Use a total station to measure the coordinate values ​​of multiple control points and unify the coordinates of multiple control points into the same coordinate system; the specific steps are as follows:

[0016] a) After setting up the total station on the first control point and centering and leveling it, set the first control point to (0,0,0) and then perform free station construction. Measure the coordinates of the second control point, the third control point, the eighth control point, and the seventh control point respectively, and record them;

[0017] b) Then, after centering and leveling the total station at the third control point, establish a coordinate system using the first control point as the backsight point. Measure the coordinates of the second control point and compare them with the coordinates of the second control point measured in step a). Only when the error is small can the coordinates of the third and fifth control points be measured and recorded.

[0018] c) Then, after centering and leveling the total station at the seventh control point, establish a coordinate system using the first control point as the backsight point, measure the coordinate value of the eighth control point and compare it with the coordinate value of the eighth control point measured in step a). If the error is small, measure and record the coordinate values ​​of the sixth control point and the fifth control point; compare the coordinate values ​​of the fifth control point measured in step b) with those measured in step c). Only if the error is small can the next measurement be carried out;

[0019] 3) Use a laser scanner to perform the first scan and unify the scan data into the total station coordinate system. Four stations are set up for the scan;

[0020] 4) Remove the hot air surrounding pipe and related accessories;

[0021] 5) Use a total station to guide the installation of the hot air duct, as close as possible to the state before removal;

[0022] 6) Use a laser scanner to perform a second scan and unify the scan data into the total station coordinate system. A total of four stations are set up for the scan;

[0023] 7) After backing up the original data of the first and second scans, delete all data except the hot air surrounding pipe in the second scan data, delete the hot air surrounding pipe point cloud data in the first scan data, and use the control points to splice the first and second scan point cloud data;

[0024] 8) Use the scan data to model the hot air surrounding pipe and the variable diameter. The intersection line of the variable diameter and the hot air surrounding pipe is the intersection line. The intersection point of the axis of the variable diameter and the hot air surrounding pipe is the coordinate value of the center position of the opening. Find the coordinates of 8 points evenly on the intersection line;

[0025] 9) Use a total station to stake out the coordinates of eight points on the intersection line and the center position of the opening on the hot air conduit;

[0026] 10) Use the total station to verify the accuracy of the coordinate values ​​of the layout using the coordinate values ​​of the control points to ensure the accuracy of the coordinate values ​​of the layout on the hot air pipe;

[0027] 11) Make a hole.

[0028] Furthermore, the control point has a sample punch point to facilitate the determination of its coordinate value in conjunction with the prism rod.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] The present invention uses a total station to arrange and lay out control points, uses a laser scanner to scan, and then uses software to perform modeling and analysis, thereby completing the blast furnace hot blast surrounding pipe opening work.

[0031] This method does not require any tooling and can adapt to deviations produced during the production and installation of hot air ducts. Through modeling, it achieves precise hole opening according to the size changes of each air inlet duct. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a control point layout diagram for a method of using a laser scanner to assist in opening holes in the hot blast pipe of a blast furnace;

[0034] Figure 2 A view of the air inlet pipe of a blast furnace hot blast pipe opening method using a laser scanner as an aid;

[0035] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the laser scanner setup position for a method of using a laser scanner to assist in opening holes in a blast furnace hot blast duct;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a control point structure diagram of a method for opening holes in a blast furnace hot blast pipe using a laser scanner as an aid.

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the intersection line and layout point positions of a method for opening holes in a blast furnace hot blast pipe using a laser scanner as an aid;

[0038] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the measurement steps of a method for opening a hole in a blast furnace hot blast tube using a laser scanner. Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1-blast furnace; 2-hot blast tube; 3-control point; 3.1-first control point; 3.2-second control point; 3.3-third control point; 3.4-fourth control point; 3.5-fifth control point; 3.3-sixth control point; 3.7-seventh control point; 3.8-eighth control point; 4-sample punching point; 5-diameter change; 6-intersection line; 7-laser scanner; 7.1-first station; 7.2-second station; 7.3-third station; 7.4-fourth station. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following is combined with Figure 1 、 2 , 3, 4, 5, and 6 further describe the implementation of the technical solution in detail in order to explain its working principle more clearly.

[0040] A method for opening a hole in a blast furnace hot blast pipe using a laser scanner, comprising the following steps:

[0041] 1) Place control points 3 (including the first control point 3.1 to the eighth control point 3.8) on the corresponding platform of the hot blast pipe 2 of blast furnace 1. The principle of placing control points is to ensure that each station has a line of sight to at least five control points 3. There is a sample punch point 4 on each control point 3, and its coordinate value can be determined in conjunction with the prism rod;

[0042] 2) Use a total station to measure the coordinates of the first control point 3.1 to the eighth control point 3.8, and unify the coordinates of the control point 3 into the same coordinate system; the specific steps are as follows:

[0043] a) Set up the total station on the first control point 3.1 (i.e., the first station) and after centering and leveling, set the first control point 3.1 to (0,0,0) and then perform a free station. Measure the coordinates of the second control point 3.2, the third control point 3.3, the eighth control point 3.8, and the seventh control point 3.7, and record them.

[0044] b) Then, set up the total station at the third control point 3.3 (i.e., the second station), center and level it, and establish a coordinate system using control point 3.1 as the backsight point. Measure the coordinates of control point 3.2 and compare them with the coordinates of control point 3.2 measured at the first station. Only when the error is small can the coordinates of control points 3.4 and 3.5 be measured and recorded.

[0045] c) Then, set up the total station at control point 3.7 (the third station), center and level it, and establish a coordinate system using control point 3.1 as the backsight point. Measure the coordinates of control point 3.8 and compare them with the coordinates of control point 3.8 measured at the first station. Only if the error is small can the coordinates of control points 3.6 and 3.5 be measured and recorded. Compare the coordinates of control point 3.5 measured at the second and third stations. Only if the error is small can the next measurement be carried out.

[0046] 3) Use laser scanner 7 to perform the first scan and unify the scan data into the total station coordinate system. Four stations (7.1, 7.2, 7.3, and 7.4) are set for the scan.

[0047] 4) Remove the hot air surrounding pipe 2 and related accessories;

[0048] 5) Use a total station to guide the installation of the hot air conduit 2, as close as possible to the state before removal;

[0049] 6) Use laser scanner 7 to perform a second scan and unify the scan data into the total station coordinate system. The scan is performed at four stations (7.1, 7.2, 7.3, and 7.4).

[0050] 7) After backing up the original data of the first and second scans, delete all data except the hot air surrounding pipe 2 in the second scan data, delete the point cloud data of the hot air surrounding pipe 2 in the first scan data, and use control point 3 to splice the first and second scan point cloud data;

[0051] 8) Using the scan data, the hot air surrounding pipe 2 and the diameter reducer 5 are modeled. The intersection line of the diameter reducer 5 and the hot air surrounding pipe 2 is the intersection line 6. The intersection point of the axis of the diameter reducer 5 and the hot air surrounding pipe 2 is the coordinate value of the center position of the opening. The coordinates of 8 points are evenly found on the intersection line 6;

[0052] 9) Using a total station, set out the coordinates of eight points on the intersection line 6 and the coordinates of the center position of the opening on the hot air conduit 2;

[0053] 10) Use the total station to verify the accuracy of the coordinate value of the layout using the coordinate value of the control point 3 to ensure the accuracy of the coordinate value of the layout on the hot air pipe;

[0054] 11) Make a hole.

[0055] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for opening holes in a blast furnace hot blast pipe using a laser scanner, characterized in that: include: Deploy control points; Use a total station to measure the coordinate values ​​of the control points and unify the coordinate system; use a laser scanner to perform the first scan; Remove the hot air surrounding pipe and related accessories; Use a total station to guide the installation of the hot air duct, keeping it as close to the state before removal as possible; use a laser scanner to perform a second scan; after backing up the original data from the first and second scans, delete all data other than the hot air duct from the second scan data, delete the hot air duct point cloud data from the first scan data, and use control points to splice the first and second scan point cloud data; build a model and calculate the coordinates of the center opening; use a total station to stake out the coordinates on the hot air duct; use a total station to verify the accuracy of the staked-out coordinates of the hot air duct; and drill the hole; The specific steps include: 1) Arrange control points on the corresponding platform of the hot blast pipe of the blast furnace. The principle of arranging control points is to ensure that each station of the total station can see at least 5 control points (3); 2) Use a total station to measure the coordinate values ​​of multiple control points and unify the coordinates of multiple control points into the same coordinate system; the specific steps are as follows: a) After setting up the total station on the first control point (3.1) and centering and leveling it, set the first control point (3.1) to (0,0,0) and then perform free station construction. Measure the coordinates of the second control point (3.2), the third control point (3.3), the eighth control point (3.8), and the seventh control point (3.7) and record them. b) Then, set up the total station at the third control point (3.3), center and level it, and establish a coordinate system with the first control point (3.1) as the backsight point. Measure the coordinate value of the second control point (3.2) and compare it with the coordinate value of the second control point (3.2) measured in step a). Only when the error is small can the coordinate values ​​of the third control point (3.4) and the fifth control point (3.5) be measured and recorded. c) Then, set up the total station at the seventh control point (3.7), center and level it, establish a coordinate system with the first control point (3.1) as the backsight point, measure the coordinate value of the eighth control point (3.8) and compare it with the coordinate value of the eighth control point (3.8) measured in step a) above. If the error is small, measure and record the coordinate values ​​of the sixth control point (3.6) and the fifth control point (3.5); compare the coordinate values ​​of the fifth control point (3.5) measured in steps b) and c) and proceed to the next measurement only if the error is small; 3) Use the laser scanner (7) to perform the first scan and unify the scan data into the total station coordinate system. The scan is performed at four stations (7.1, 7.2, 7.3, and 7.4). 4) Remove the hot air surrounding pipe (2) and related accessories; 5) Use a total station to guide the installation of the hot air conduit (2), as close as possible to the state before removal; 6) Use the laser scanner (7) to perform a second scan and unify the scan data into the total station coordinate system. The scan is performed at four stations (7.1, 7.2, 7.3, and 7.4). 7) After backing up the original data of the first and second scans, delete all data except the hot air surrounding pipe (2) in the second scan data, delete the point cloud data of the hot air surrounding pipe (2) in the first scan data, and use the control points to splice the first and second scan point cloud data; 8) Use the scan data to model the hot air surrounding pipe (2) and the variable diameter (5). The intersection line of the variable diameter (5) and the hot air surrounding pipe (2) is the intersection line (6). The intersection point of the axis of the variable diameter (5) and the hot air surrounding pipe (2) is the coordinate value of the center position of the opening. Find the coordinates of 8 points evenly on the intersection line (6); 9) Use a total station to stake out the coordinates of eight points on the intersection line (6) and the center position of the opening on the hot air conduit (2); 10) Use the total station to verify the accuracy of the coordinate values ​​of the layout using the coordinate values ​​of the control points (3) to ensure the accuracy of the coordinate values ​​of the layout on the hot air pipe; 11) Make a hole.

2. The method for opening holes in a blast furnace hot blast pipe using a laser scanner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The control point (3) has a sample punch point to facilitate the determination of its coordinate value in conjunction with the prism rod.

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