An Insulator Electric Field Characteristics Evaluation Method Based on the Equivalent Growth Length Model

Abstract

The present invention discloses an insulator electric field characteristic evaluation method based on an equivalent growth length model, which includes: constructing a fluid-electric field coupling simulation model based on the dynamic deformation of melting ice droplets; analyzing the influence of the water droplet flow velocity on the electric field strength at the ice ridge gap based on the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model, and obtaining the analysis results; fitting to obtain a water droplet remaining length fitting formula based on the analysis results, and constructing a static model of the equivalent growth length of the ice ridge tip; analyzing and evaluating the spatial electric field characteristics of the ice-covered insulator based on the equivalent growth length static model. The present invention uses the equivalent growth length static model to replace the conventional dynamic model, which can not only effectively improve the simulation speed but also ensure the accuracy of the analysis of the electric field characteristics of the insulator during the ice melting period, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the analysis of the electric field characteristics of the insulator during the ice melting period, and then being widely applied to the discharge risk assessment of ice-covered insulators in different ice melting environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of insulator insulation performance evaluation, and particularly to a method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of insulators based on an equivalent growth length model. Background Art

[0002] Insulators are an important part of overhead transmission lines, playing the roles of electrical insulation and mechanical support. In recent years, transmission lines have been frequently attacked by severe cold and ice and snow weather. The icing of insulators can lead to a reduction in the insulation performance of insulators, especially during the ice melting period, and the phenomenon of ice-covered flashover occurs frequently, seriously threatening the safety of the operation of the power system.

[0003] For long strings of insulators in the ice melting period, at the high-voltage end, due to more accumulated melting ice water and a larger deformation length of the melting ice water droplets, continuous water flows and water curtains are easily formed. Considering the dynamic dripping process of the water droplets, it is relatively complex to establish a fluid-electric field coupling simulation model for electric field analysis, and the required time is relatively long. Therefore, constructing a static equivalent model and exploring the static equivalent simulation model of the deformed water droplets are of great significance for accelerating the simulation calculation and analysis speed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this part is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this part, as well as in the abstract and title of the specification of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this part, the abstract, and the title. However, such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] In view of the above existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is: how to simplify the analysis process of the electric field characteristics of ice-covered insulators and accelerate the simulation calculation and analysis speed.

[0007] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of insulators based on an equivalent growth length model, including:

[0008] Constructing a fluid-electric field coupling simulation model based on the dynamic deformation of melting ice water droplets;

[0009] Analyzing the influence of the water droplet flow rate on the electric field strength at the ice ridge gap based on the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model and obtaining the analysis result;

[0010] Fitting to obtain a fitting formula for the remaining length of the water droplets based on the analysis result and constructing a static model of the equivalent growth length of the ice ridge tip;

[0011] Analyzing and evaluating the spatial electric field characteristics of the ice-covered insulators based on the static model of the equivalent growth length.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on an equivalent growth length model according to the present invention, wherein: the dynamic deformation of the melting ice water droplets includes: the water droplet flow rate, the growth of the water droplet deformation length, and the fragmentation of the water droplets. When the water droplets break, separated water droplets and remaining water droplets will be formed.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on an equivalent growth length model according to the present invention, wherein: the method for constructing the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model includes: establishing a model of the insulator under ice melting conditions using finite element analysis software, using two-phase flow, level set - laminar flow, and AC / DC interface in the fluid field, and coupling the fluid and the electric field based on the level set method.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on an equivalent growth length model according to the present invention, wherein: the analysis of the influence of the water droplet flow rate on the electric field strength at the ice ridge gap includes: obtaining the water droplet flow rate, characterizing the insulator sheets from top to bottom with different flow rates, and characterizing the water droplet flow rate with the mass flow rate.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on an equivalent growth length model according to the present invention, wherein: the analysis of the influence of the water droplet flow rate on the electric field strength at the ice ridge gap further includes: using the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model to analyze the maximum value E of the electric field strength at the ice ridge gap tmax The relationship with the deformation length during the water droplet dripping process.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on an equivalent growth length model according to the present invention, wherein: the obtaining of the analysis result includes:

[0017] Obtaining the variation relationship between the maximum value of the electric field strength at the ice ridge gap and the water droplet length during the process of the water droplet dripping downward and remaining unbroken;

[0018] Obtaining the variation relationship between the maximum value of the electric field strength at the ice ridge gap and the length of the remaining water droplets after the water droplets break.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on an equivalent growth length model according to the present invention, wherein: the obtaining of the analysis result further includes: obtaining the variation relationship between the maximum value of the electric field strength at the ice ridge gap and the water droplet flow rate during the whole process of the water droplet dripping.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on an equivalent growth length model according to the present invention, wherein: the fitting formula for the remaining length of the water droplets is expressed as:

[0021] L = 11.76u + 2.01

[0022] Wherein, L represents the length of the ice-melting water flow; u is the mass flow rate of the water flow.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on an equivalent growth length model according to the present invention, wherein: the construction of the static model of the equivalent growth length of the ice prism tip includes: assuming that for the entire string of insulators in the ice-melting period, the ice-melting water flow velocity at the tip of the ice prism increases proportionally from top to bottom. The ice-melting water flow velocity at the tip of the ice prism of the first insulator from top to bottom is the initial flow velocity V0, and then the ice-melting water flow velocity at the tip of the ice prism of each subsequent insulator increases by the fixed change flow velocity V of the water droplet in turn c At the same time, ignoring the necking deformation of the water flow, the water flow is simplified into a cylindrical water flow, and the diameter of the water flow is set according to the actual ice-melting speed.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an ice-covered insulator based on an equivalent growth length model according to the present invention, wherein: the analysis and evaluation of the spatial electric field characteristics of the ice-covered insulator based on the static model of the equivalent growth length includes: using the water droplet flow velocity, water droplet length, and remaining water droplet length during the ice-melting process obtained by the static model of the equivalent growth length to replace the water droplet flow velocity, water droplet length, and remaining water droplet length during the ice-melting process obtained by the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model, and analyzing and evaluating the spatial electric field strength of the ice-covered insulator.

[0025] Advantages of the present invention: The present invention constructs a static model of equivalent growth length to obtain the dynamic deformation parameters of the ice-melting water droplets of the ice-covered insulator during the ice-melting period, and analyzes the electric field strength at the ice prism gap based on the dynamic deformation parameters of the water droplets obtained by this model; using the static model of equivalent growth length to replace the conventional dynamic model can not only effectively improve the simulation speed but also ensure the accuracy of the analysis of the electric field characteristics of the insulator during the ice-melting period, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the analysis of the electric field characteristics of the insulator during the ice-melting period, and then being widely applied to the discharge risk assessment of ice-covered insulators in different ice-melting environments. Description of the Drawings

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. Among them:

[0027] Figure 1 It is the overall flowchart of a method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on an equivalent growth length model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Fluid - electric field coupling simulation model diagram provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 Equivalent growth length static model diagram provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 Diagram showing the variation of the maximum electric field strength at the ice edge gap with the water droplet length at different flow rates for an embodiment of the present invention, where, Figure 4 (a) shows the variation of the maximum electric field strength at the gap with a water droplet flow rate of 0.5 g / s with the water droplet length, Figure 4 (b) shows the variation of the maximum electric field strength at the gap with a water droplet flow rate of 0.75 g / s with the water droplet length, Figure 4 (c) shows the variation of the maximum electric field strength at the gap with a water droplet flow rate of 1 g / s with the water droplet length;

[0031] Figure 5 Diagram showing the variation of the global maximum electric field strength at the ice edge gap with the water droplet flow rate at different flow rates for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the remaining water droplet length at different flow rates for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 Fitting relationship diagram between mass flow rate and water flow length provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 Comparison diagram between the equivalent growth length static model and the traditional dynamic simulation model provided for an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] To make the above - mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the detailed implementation manners of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0037] Secondly, the "one embodiment" or "embodiment" referred to herein means a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation manner of the present invention. The "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an embodiment that is separate or selectively mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0038] The present invention is described in detail in conjunction with schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the convenience of explanation, the cross-sectional views showing the device structure will be enlarged locally in a non-general proportion, and the schematic diagrams are only examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention herein. In addition, in actual production, three-dimensional spatial dimensions including length, width and depth should be included.

[0039] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper, lower, inner and outer" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first, second or third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] Unless otherwise clearly defined and limited in the present invention, the terms "installation, connection, and connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example: it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a direct connection, and can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] Referring to Figures 1 to 3 , for an embodiment of the present invention, a method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on an equivalent growth length model is provided, including:

[0043] S1: Construct a fluid-electric field coupling simulation model based on the dynamic deformation of melting ice droplets;

[0044] Specifically, the dynamic deformation of melting ice droplets includes: the flow velocity of the droplets, the growth of the deformation length of the droplets, and the fragmentation of the droplets. When the droplets break, separated droplets and remaining droplets will be formed.

[0045] Furthermore, a model of an insulator under melting ice conditions is established using finite element analysis software. The two-phase flow, level set - laminar flow, in the fluid field and the AC / DC interface are used, and the coupling of the fluid and the electric field is carried out based on the level set method. The constructed fluid-electric field coupling simulation model is as Figure 2 shown.

[0046] S2: Analyze the influence of the water droplet flow rate on the electric field strength at the ice prism gap based on the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model, and obtain the analysis results;

[0047] Specifically, obtain the water droplet flow rate, characterize the insulator sheets from top to bottom with different flow rates, and characterize the water droplet flow rate with the mass flow rate.

[0048] It should be noted that the water droplet flow rate is obtained through the previous de-icing test, and the reference flow rates are set to 0.1 g / s, 0.25 g / s, 0.5 g / s, 0.75 g / s, 1 g / s, and 1.25 g / s.

[0049] Furthermore, use the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model to analyze the relationship between the maximum electric field strength E tmax at the ice prism gap and the deformation length during the water droplet dripping process.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 , in an optional embodiment, use the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model to analyze the relationship between the maximum electric field strength E tmax at the ice prism gap and the deformation length during the water droplet dripping process;

[0051] As Figure 4 shown, the results of the analysis using the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model are:

[0052] Before the water droplet breaks during the de-icing period, the electric field strength at the ice prism gap increases with the increase of the water droplet length, and reaches the maximum value when the water droplet breaks;

[0053] After the water droplet breaks, the maximum value of the electric field strength at the ice prism gap generally changes following the change of the remaining water droplet length, and the longer the remaining water droplet length, the greater the electric field strength at the ice prism gap.

[0054] Reference Figure 5 , in an optional embodiment, use the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model to analyze the relationship between the maximum electric field strength E tmax at the ice prism gap and the water droplet flow rate;

[0055] As Figure 5 shown, the results of the analysis using the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model are:

[0056] The maximum electric field strength E tmax during the whole process of water droplet dripping in the de-icing period slightly increases with the increase of the flow rate.

[0057] It should be noted that as the water droplet flow rate increases, the length of the remaining water droplet also increases, which in turn reduces the gap distance, and thus increases the electric field strength at the ice prism gap.

[0058] S3: Based on the analysis results, fit to obtain the fitting formula for the remaining length of the water droplet, and construct a static model for the equivalent growth length of the icicle tip;

[0059] Specifically, referring to Figures 6 to 7 , Figure 6 shows the variation of the remaining length of the water droplet under different water flow velocities, Figure 7 gives the fitting relationship between the water droplet flow velocity and the remaining length of the water droplet. The fitting relationship formula obtained from the variation of the remaining length of the water droplet under different water flow velocities is expressed as:

[0060] L = 11.76u + 2.01

[0061] where, L represents the length of the ice-melting water flow; u is the mass flow rate of the water flow.

[0062] Furthermore, assume that for the entire string of ice-covered insulators during the ice-melting period, the ice-melting water flow velocity at the tip of the icicle increases proportionally from top to bottom. The ice-melting water flow velocity at the tip of the icicle of the first insulator from top to bottom is the initial flow velocity V0, and then the ice-melting water flow velocity at the tip of the icicle of each subsequent insulator increases by the fixed change flow velocity V of the water droplet c , at the same time, ignoring the necking deformation of the water flow, simplifying the water flow into a cylindrical water flow, and setting the diameter of the water flow according to the actual ice-melting velocity, the constructed static model for the equivalent growth length of the icicle tip is as Figure 3 shown.

[0063] It should be noted that the basis for the equivalence simulation is: from the analysis results of the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model, for the electric field intensity value of the gap, when the water droplet forms a water flow and continuously drips, it has a greater impact on the value of the gap field strength. The length of the water flow shortens the length of the air gap, which is equivalent to the supplement of the icicle length; and the length of the formed water flow mainly depends on different ice-melting velocities, that is, different water droplet flow velocities; therefore, when constructing the static model for the equivalent growth length of the icicle tip, the water droplet flow velocity is taken as the key parameter of concern.

[0064] S4: Analyze and evaluate the spatial electric field characteristics of the ice-covered insulator based on the static model of the equivalent growth length.

[0065] Specifically, use the water droplet flow velocity, water droplet length, and remaining water droplet length during the ice-melting process obtained by the static model of the equivalent growth length to replace the water droplet flow velocity, water droplet length, and remaining water droplet length during the ice-melting process obtained by the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model, and analyze and evaluate the spatial electric field intensity of the ice-covered insulator.

[0066] Embodiment 2

[0067] Refer to Figures 1 to 8, which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of insulators based on an equivalent growth length model. To verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments.

[0068] In this embodiment, the COMSOL Multiphysics finite element analysis software is used to establish a model of the insulator under ice melting conditions; the "two-phase flow, level set - laminar flow" in the "fluid" field is used, and the AC / DC interface is used to realize the coupling of the fluid and the electric field based on the level set method to construct a Figure 2 fluid - electric field coupling simulation model as shown.

[0069] Taking the 110 kV insulator string under severe icing conditions as an example, the ice melting water flow velocity at the tip of the ice ridge of the first insulator from top to bottom is 0.5 g / s, and then the ice melting water flow velocity at the tip of the ice ridge of each subsequent insulator increases by a fixed change flow velocity of 0.1 g / s for water droplets. The diameter of the water flow is set to 2 mm, and an equivalent growth length static model of the insulator string is constructed, as Figure 3 shown.

[0070] The constructed fluid - electric field coupling simulation model and the equivalent growth length static model proposed by the present invention are used to analyze and evaluate the electric field characteristics of the ice - covered insulators. The analysis results based on the two models are as Figure 8 shown;

[0071] It can be Figure 8 seen that the analysis results of the equivalent growth length static model are basically consistent with those of the traditional dynamic simulation model (fluid - electric field coupling simulation model), and the growth trends are basically the same. Therefore, the equivalent growth length static model can be used to replace the traditional dynamic simulation model to analyze the electric field distribution characteristics of ice - covered insulators; the method proposed by the present invention can effectively improve the simulation speed and ensure the accuracy of the analysis of the electric field characteristics of insulators during the ice melting period, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the analysis of the electric field characteristics of insulators during the ice melting period, and then being widely applied to the discharge risk assessment of ice - covered insulators in different ice melting environments.

[0072] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0073] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in various computer languages. For example, object-oriented programming languages such as Java and interpreted scripting languages such as JavaScript, etc.

[0074] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate means for realizing the functions specified in one Figure 1 flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or multiple blocks.

[0075] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate a manufactured article including instruction means, and the instruction means realizes the functions specified in one Figure 1 flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or multiple blocks.

[0076] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to generate a computer-implemented process, and thus the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for realizing the functions specified in one Figure 1 flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or multiple blocks.

[0077] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they know the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0078] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalent technologies, this application is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. An insulator electric field characteristic evaluation method based on an equivalent growth length model, characterized in that Including: Constructing a fluid-electric field coupling simulation model based on the dynamic deformation of melting ice droplets; Analyzing the influence of the water droplet flow rate on the electric field strength at the ice prism gap based on the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model, and obtaining the analysis results; Fitting to obtain a fitting formula for the remaining length of the water droplet and constructing a static model for the equivalent growth length of the ice prism tip; The construction of the static model for the equivalent growth length of the ice prism tip includes: assuming that for a whole string of insulators in the ice melting period, the ice melting water flow rate at the tip of the ice prism increases proportionally from top to bottom. The ice melting water flow rate at the tip of the ice prism of the first insulator from top to bottom is the initial flow rate V0, and then the ice melting water flow rate at the tip of the ice prism of each subsequent insulator increases by the fixed change flow rate Vc of the water droplet. At the same time, ignoring the necking deformation of the water flow, the water flow is simplified into a cylindrical water flow, and the diameter of the water flow is set according to the actual ice melting speed; Analyzing and evaluating the spatial electric field characteristics of the ice-covered insulator based on the static model of the equivalent growth length; 2. The method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on the equivalent growth length model according to claim 1, wherein: The dynamic deformation of the melting ice droplet includes: the water droplet flow rate, the growth of the water droplet deformation length, and the fragmentation of the water droplet. When the water droplet breaks, separated water droplets and remaining water droplets will be formed.

3. The method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on the equivalent growth length model according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method for constructing the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model includes: using finite element analysis software to establish a model of the insulator under ice melting conditions, using two-phase flow, level set - laminar flow in the fluid field, and the AC / DC interface, and coupling the fluid and the electric field based on the level set method.

4. The method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on the equivalent growth length model according to claim 3, characterized in that: The analysis of the influence of the water droplet flow rate on the electric field strength at the ice prism gap includes: obtaining the water droplet flow rate, characterizing the insulators from top to bottom with different flow rates, and characterizing the water droplet flow rate with the mass flow rate.

5. The method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on the equivalent growth length model according to claim 4, characterized in that: The analysis of the influence of the water droplet flow rate on the electric field strength at the ice prism gap further includes: analyzing the relationship between the maximum value E of the electric field strength at the ice prism gap and the deformation length during the water droplet dripping process by using the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model. tmax ​ 6. The insulator electric field characteristic evaluation method based on the equivalent growth length model according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The obtaining of the analysis results includes: Obtaining the variation relationship between the maximum value of the electric field strength at the ice prism gap and the water droplet length during the process of the water droplet dripping downward and the water droplet remaining unbroken; Obtaining the variation relationship between the maximum value of the electric field strength at the ice prism gap and the remaining water droplet length after the water droplet breaks.

7. The method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on the equivalent growth length model according to claim 6, wherein: The obtaining of the analysis results also includes: obtaining the variation relationship between the maximum value of the electric field strength at the ice prism gap and the water droplet flow rate during the whole process of the water droplet dripping.

8. The method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on the equivalent growth length model according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The fitting formula for the remaining length of the water droplet is expressed as: L = 11.76u + 2.01 Wherein, L represents the length of the ice melting water flow; u is the mass flow rate of the water flow.

9. The method for evaluating the electric field characteristics of an insulator based on the equivalent growth length model according to claim 8, wherein: The analysis and evaluation of the spatial electric field characteristics of the ice-covered insulator based on the static model of the equivalent growth length includes: using the water droplet flow rate, water droplet length, and remaining water droplet length during the ice melting process obtained by the static model of the equivalent growth length to replace the water droplet flow rate, water droplet length, and remaining water droplet length during the ice melting process obtained by the fluid-electric field coupling simulation model, and analyzing and evaluating the spatial electric field strength of the ice-covered insulator.

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