A method for comparing mulberry varieties

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for comparing mulberry varieties, comprising selecting a rootstock, planting the rootstock, grafting, post-grafting maintenance, and comparing varieties. The present invention can achieve uniform growth conditions for all selected mulberry varieties, reduce the impact of climate, light, and other factors on scion growth, and improve the accuracy of selection. Compared to existing variety comparison methods, the present method has more relaxed requirements for test sites, climate, and cultivation management. The present invention can significantly save land area occupied during comparison, reduce the number of trees for comparison, accelerate tree growth and fruiting, shorten the time required for variety comparison, and reduce labor and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mulberry variety selection, and in particular to a mulberry variety comparison method. Background Art

[0002] The breeding of fruit mulberry varieties requires three stages: selection, identification, and propagation and promotion. The identification stage is the decisive stage in the breeding process for comparing the quality of varieties. Variety identification mainly includes two parts: comparative experiments between varieties and regionalized variety identification. Variety comparative experiments require that the test varieties be tested under certain test conditions and scientific test methods. Variety comparative tests are generally conducted in the field, so there are strict requirements for the soil, climatic conditions, and cultivation measures in the test area. At the same time, multiple factors such as the area of ​​the test site, the number of varieties, and the test design must also be considered. Generally speaking, each test variety requires four plots, with 50-60 trees planted in each plot, which requires a lot of land, manpower, and costs.

[0003] Prior art (such as CN101507412A and CN105165417A) discloses the seed selection breeding method of fruit tree, and its method is that the scion of specific variety is grafted on branch, waits that it blooms and bears fruit, selects high-quality scion to expand and multiply screening. Its scheme can only optimize specific scion branch in specified variety, and it is impossible to identify which kind of variety is suitable for planting in this region. In addition, existing scheme carries out dense scion without orientation difference on stock, and it is impossible to distinguish whether the scion branch that grows well specifically comes from variety excellence or good lighting conditions. Therefore, it is impossible to truly evaluate the improved varieties of fruit tree. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome the above problems and provide a method for comparing mulberry varieties. To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for comparing mulberry varieties comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Select rootstock

[0007] Select multiple seedlings with a diameter of more than 3 cm as rootstocks. The rootstocks need to be of the same age, thickness, and variety.

[0008] S2. Planting rootstock

[0009] Plant the trees in the experimental area with the same soil conditions according to a certain spacing between rows and plants, cut the crown, remove the side branches, and set the trunk to 30-100 cm;

[0010] S3. Scion

[0011] Mark the top of the rootstock according to the number of control varieties and tested varieties, and evenly distribute the marks on the rootstock;

[0012] Select healthy branches with full buds, no diseases or insect pests from the control and test varieties as scions and graft them at the designated marks;

[0013] S4. Post-grafting care

[0014] Observe the growth of grafted plants after grafting, and promptly regraft any grafts that fail to survive; promptly remove rootstock buds, and uniformly water, fertilize, prevent insects, and prune.

[0015] S5. Variety Comparison

[0016] After the mulberry trees enter the high-yield period, the fruits are compared.

[0017] As an improvement, the number of marks in step S3 is equal to the total number of the control variety and the test variety, and a single variety of scion is inoculated at each mark; the position of the marks corresponding to different varieties on different rootstocks is changed.

[0018] As an improvement, the marking in step S3 ensures that each variety has no less than 3 marks in each direction before grafting.

[0019] As an improvement, the post-graft maintenance in step S4 further includes: removing the grafting film in time when the scion grows to 30 cm.

[0020] As an improvement, in step S4, for windy areas, after removing the grafting film, binding is performed to allow the scion to grow in its original orientation.

[0021] As an improvement, the grafting described in S4 is carried out by bud grafting or belly grafting.

[0022] As an improvement, the spacing between the rootstocks in step S2 is 2-4m×3-6m.

[0023] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. The present invention can achieve uniform growth conditions for all mulberry varieties, reduce the influence of climate, environment, light and other factors on scion growth, and improve the accuracy of seed selection.

[0025] 2. Compared with the existing variety comparison method, this method has more relaxed requirements on the test site, climate environment, and cultivation management.

[0026] 3. The present invention can greatly save the land area occupied during comparison, reduce the number of trees for comparison, quickly grow trees and bear fruit, shorten the comparison time, and reduce labor and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the scion grafting method used in a comparison method for mulberry varieties. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is described in detail and specifically below through specific examples to provide a better understanding of the present invention. However, the following examples do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This embodiment discloses a method for comparing mulberry varieties. In this embodiment, three varieties of mulberry are selected for comparison, including one test variety and two control varieties. The specific steps are as follows:

[0031] S1. Select rootstock

[0032] Select multiple seedling mulberry trees with a diameter of more than 3 cm as rootstocks. The rootstocks need to be of the same age, thickness, and variety.

[0033] S2. Planting rootstock

[0034] Planted in the experimental area with the same soil conditions at a spacing of 3m×4m, the crowns were cut, side branches were removed, and the trunks were set at 30-100cm;

[0035] S3. Scion

[0036] Select two control varieties and one test variety, make three marks on the top of the rootstock, and evenly distribute the three marks on the rootstock; inoculate a single variety of scion at each mark; the orientation of the marks corresponding to different varieties on different rootstocks is different, but each variety has at least 3 marks in each orientation, and then the scion is inoculated, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0037] Select healthy branches with full buds, no diseases or insect pests from the control and test varieties as scions and graft them at the designated marks using the bark grafting method;

[0038] S4. Post-grafting care

[0039] Observe the growth after grafting. Generally, it will heal after 2 weeks at a temperature above 20℃.

[0040] If the grafting fails, timely re-graft it using belly grafting; promptly remove the rootstock buds, and uniformly water, fertilize, prevent insects, and prune.

[0041] When the scion grows to 30cm, remove the grafting film in time. In windy areas, tie the scion after removing the grafting film to ensure that the scion grows in its original direction. Prune in winter according to the open-heart mulberry pruning method.

[0042] S5. Variety Comparison

[0043] Fruit mulberry trees usually bear fruit in their second year and enter their peak production period in the third year. After entering the peak production period, the fruits are compared.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, two control varieties (A and B) and one test variety (C) are set. Using this scheme, only 9 trees need to be grafted in each orientation after 3 repetitions, and the required area is only 108 square meters. At the same time, the growth conditions of each variety on the rootstock are completely consistent, which can avoid the influence of environmental and light factors on branch growth and improve the accuracy of variety comparison.

[0045] Compared with existing variety comparison methods, this method has more relaxed requirements on the experimental site, climate environment, and cultivation management. Most importantly, variety comparison according to this method can greatly save land area, reduce the number of trees for variety comparison, quickly grow trees and bear fruit, shorten variety comparison time, and reduce labor and maintenance costs.

[0046] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, they are merely exemplary, and the present invention is not equivalent to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications and substitutions of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for comparing mulberry varieties, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Select rootstock Select multiple seedlings with a diameter of more than 3 cm as rootstocks. The rootstocks need to be of the same age, thickness, and variety. S2. Planting rootstock Plant the trees in the experimental area with the same soil conditions according to a certain spacing between rows and plants, cut the crown, remove the side branches, and set the trunk to 30-100 cm; S3. Scion Mark the top of the rootstock according to the number of control varieties and tested varieties, and evenly distribute the marks on the rootstock; Select healthy branches with full buds, no diseases or insect pests from the control and test varieties as scions and graft them at the designated marks; S4. Post-grafting care Observe the growth of grafted plants after grafting, and promptly regraft any grafts that fail to survive; promptly remove rootstock buds, and uniformly water, fertilize, prevent insects, and prune. S5. Variety Comparison After the fruit mulberry enters the high-yield period, the fruits are compared; In step S3, the number of markers is equal to the total number of the control variety and the test variety, and a single variety of scion is inoculated at each marker; the position of the markers corresponding to different varieties on different rootstocks is changed; During the marking in step S3, ensure that each variety has at least 3 marks in each direction and then graft the scion; The post-grafting maintenance in step S4 further includes: promptly removing the grafting film when the scion grows to 30 cm; In step S4, for windy areas, after removing the grafting film, the graft is tied so that the scion grows in its original orientation; The mulberry variety comparison method can achieve uniform growth conditions for all mulberry varieties, reduce the influence of climate, light and other factors on scion growth, and improve the accuracy of seed selection.

2. A method for comparing mulberry varieties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supplementary grafting described in S4 is performed by bud grafting or belly grafting.

3. The method for comparing mulberry varieties according to claim 1, wherein: The spacing between the rootstocks in step S2 is 2-4 m × 3-6 m.

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