A novel fertilizer synergist, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a novel fertilizer synergist and its preparation method and application. The novel fertilizer synergist comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of a nitrification inhibitor, 10-25 parts of polyaspartate, 30-50 parts of polyepoxysuccinate, and 1-10 parts of trace elements. The fertilizer synergist of the present invention can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in fertilizers. The synergistic effect of DMPP, polyaspartate, and polyepoxysuccinate in the present invention can reduce nitrogen loss and phosphorus fixation, and can simultaneously improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus in fertilizers, thereby reducing fertilizer losses. The delayed release characteristics of synergistic nitrogen and phosphorus in the fertilizer formula of the present invention further promote the absorption of quick-acting nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil by plants, improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus, and promote the rapid growth of crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a novel fertilizer synergist and a preparation method and application thereof, and in particular to a novel fertilizer synergist capable of improving nitrogen and phosphorus utilization rates and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of fertilizers. Background Art

[0002] Research has shown that DMPP, a new nitrification inhibitor, can inhibit the activity of nitrifying bacteria in the soil, slowing the nitrification process of ammonium nitrogen, effectively reducing nitrogen leaching and N2O emissions from fertilization, and improving nitrogen fertilizer utilization. DMPP offers low dosage, significant inhibitory effects, and is environmentally friendly and non-toxic. Traditionally, DMPP has been applied using only phosphoric acid as a solvent. Due to its high acidity and moisture content, phosphoric acid can easily increase the acidity and moisture content of the granules after spraying, leading to quality issues such as pulverization or decreased strength of the granules.

[0003] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop new fertilizer synergists to effectively improve the utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a novel fertilizer synergist and its preparation method and application. The fertilizer synergist of the present invention can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in fertilizers.

[0005] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A novel fertilizer synergist comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of a nitrification inhibitor, 10-25 parts of polyaspartate, 30-50 parts of polyepoxysuccinate, and 1-10 parts of trace elements.

[0007] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nitrification inhibitor is a mixture of 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) and an aqueous phosphoric acid solution, wherein the concentration of the aqueous phosphoric acid solution is 85 wt %. The molar ratio of the 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) to the phosphoric acid in the aqueous phosphoric acid solution is 1:0.3-0.8. Compounding DMPP and phosphoric acid according to the ratio of the present invention can improve the stability of DMPP and further enhance the performance of the nitrification inhibitor. However, if the ratio is too high or too low, the performance of DMPP will be reduced.

[0008] Preferably according to the present invention, the polyaspartate is potassium polyaspartate and / or sodium polyaspartate; and the viscosity-average molecular weight of the polyaspartate is 5000-6000.

[0009] According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polyepoxysuccinate is sodium polyepoxysuccinate and / or potassium polyepoxysuccinate; the polyepoxysuccinate is a commercially available liquid with a solid content of 35-40 wt % and a viscosity-average molecular weight of 600-800.

[0010] Preferably, according to the present invention, the trace elements are one or a combination of two or more of EDTA chelated manganese, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated iron, boric acid, ammonium heptamolybdate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, and anhydrous copper sulfate.

[0011] According to the present invention, the preparation method of the novel fertilizer synergist comprises the following steps:

[0012] The nitrification inhibitor, polyaspartate, polyepoxysuccinate and trace elements are uniformly mixed to obtain the product.

[0013] According to the present invention, the above-mentioned novel fertilizer synergist is used in granular fertilizers and liquid fertilizers; the granular fertilizers and liquid fertilizers contain nitrogen and phosphorus elements.

[0014] According to the application of the present invention, preferably, the application method in granular fertilizer is as follows: the surface of the granular fertilizer is sprayed with the new fertilizer synergist, or the fertilizer synergist is sprayed and added using a roller device during the granulation process of the granular fertilizer, so that the fertilizer synergist adheres to the surface of the granular fertilizer, and the amount of the fertilizer synergist sprayed and added to the granular fertilizer product is 2-5 kg / t.

[0015] According to the application of the present invention, preferably, the application method in liquid fertilizer is as follows: the new fertilizer synergist is added to the liquid fertilizer and evenly added to the liquid fertilizer by stirring; the amount of the fertilizer synergist added to the liquid fertilizer is 2-10 kg / t.

[0016] The technical features and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The fertilizer synergist of the present invention contains DMPP, polyaspartate, and polyepoxysuccinate. DMPP can exist stably in the system of polyaspartate and polyepoxysuccinate, reducing losses caused by volatilization. In addition, polyaspartate and polyepoxysuccinate are macromolecular organic substances that have the function of chelating metal mineral elements in the solution. When polyaspartate and polyepoxysuccinate are applied to the soil together with fertilizer, the two macromolecular organic substances can reduce the fixation of phosphate and ammonium ions in the soil and fertilizer by binding or adsorbing metal cations and colloids around the fertilizer, thereby extending the movement distance of phosphorus, reducing the loss of ammonium nitrogen fixation, and improving the utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. The synergistic effect of DMPP, polyaspartate, and polyepoxysuccinate in the present invention can reduce nitrogen loss and phosphorus fixation, and can simultaneously improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus in the fertilizer, thereby reducing fertilizer loss. The delayed release characteristics of the synergistic nitrogen and phosphorus in the fertilizer formula of the present invention further promote the plant's absorption of quickly available nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil, improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus, and promote the rapid growth of crops.

[0018] 2. The present invention has developed a new type of fertilizer synergist, which has a broader application advantage than the existing single nitrogen fertilizer stabilizer. First, in terms of usage function, this fertilizer synergist is different from other fertilizer synergists that have been reported so far. It can be directly used in all nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers, and the fertilizer effect of nitrogen and phosphorus is prolonged by combining biological and chemical means; secondly, in terms of usage effect, this fertilizer synergist not only regulates soil and fertilizer, but also stimulates plant roots, accelerates plant metabolism, enhances plant absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus, and realizes efficient utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus; compared to fertilizer synergist products that enhance nitrogen or phosphorus alone, the present invention can synergistically promote the efficient absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus in fertilizers. The new fertilizer synergist developed by the present invention can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus through the triple regulation of soil, fertilizer and plants, and achieve the purpose of increasing efficiency and reducing fat without reducing production.

[0019] 3. The fertilizer synergist of the present invention is a liquid preparation that can be conveniently applied externally or added internally to fertilizers. It also contains trace elements to further meet the growth needs of plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the effects of different fertilizer synergists on nitrogen leaching in the test case.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the effects of different fertilizer synergists on phosphorus leaching in the test case. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but is not limited thereto.

[0023] The raw materials described in the examples are all conventional commercially available products.

[0024] The solid content of potassium polyepoxysuccinate used in the examples is 40 wt %, and its viscosity average molecular weight is 600-800.

[0025] The viscosity average molecular weight of the potassium polyaspartate used is 5000-6000; the concentration of the phosphoric acid used is 85wt%.

[0026] The 15-15-15 compound fertilizer used in the test example has an NPK mass content of 15%, 15%, and 15% respectively.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A method for preparing a novel fertilizer synergist comprises the following steps:

[0029] 40 kg of potassium polyepoxysuccinate, 16 kg of potassium polyaspartate, 20 kg of DMPP, 8 kg of phosphoric acid, 3 kg of EDTA chelated zinc, and 3 kg of boric acid were mixed and stirred to uniformly disperse to obtain a fertilizer synergist A.

[0030] Comparative Example 1

[0031] A method for preparing a fertilizer synergist comprises the following steps:

[0032] Fertilizer synergist B was obtained by dissolving 56 kg of potassium polyaspartate, 20 kg of DMPP, 8 kg of phosphoric acid, 3 kg of EDTA-chelated zinc, and 3 kg of borax in 24 kg of water.

[0033] In this comparative example, no polyepoxysuccinate was added.

[0034] Comparative Example 2

[0035] A method for preparing a fertilizer synergist comprises the following steps:

[0036] 56 kg of potassium polyepoxysuccinate, 20 kg of DMPP, 8 kg of phosphoric acid, 3 kg of EDTA chelated zinc, and 3 kg of borax were mixed and stirred to uniformly disperse to obtain a fertilizer synergist C.

[0037] No polyaspartate was added in this comparative example.

[0038] Comparative Example 3

[0039] A method for preparing a fertilizer synergist is as described in Example 1, except that the amount of potassium polyepoxysuccinate added is 20 kg, to obtain fertilizer synergist D.

[0040] Comparative Example 4

[0041] A method for preparing a fertilizer synergist is as described in Example 1, except that the amount of potassium polyepoxysuccinate added is 70 kg, to obtain fertilizer synergist E.

[0042] Comparative Example 5

[0043] A method for preparing a fertilizer synergist comprises the following steps:

[0044] A method for preparing a fertilizer synergist is as described in Example 1, except that the amount of potassium polyaspartate added is 40 kg, to obtain fertilizer synergist F.

[0045] Comparative Example 6

[0046] A method for preparing a fertilizer synergist is as described in Example 1, except that 40 kg of potassium polyglutamate solution (concentration of 40 wt%) is used instead of potassium polyepoxysuccinate to obtain fertilizer synergist G.

[0047] Test example

[0048] The fertilizer synergist obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-6 was sprayed onto the surface of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer particles at a rate of 3 kg / t. After being placed in an environment of 25°C for 15 days, synergistic compound fertilizers A, B, C, D, E, F, and G were obtained, respectively. DMPP was directly added to the surface of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer and placed in an environment of 25°C for 15 days to obtain compound fertilizer H.

[0049] 1. Soil column simulated leaching test

[0050] The test soil was damp soil (pH=8.11). After air-drying, it was sieved with 2mm and filled into soil columns. Each soil column contained 1.5kg of soil, with an inner diameter of 10cm and a column height of 20cm. A total of 5 treatments were set up, namely control CK: 15-15-15 compound fertilizer, T1: compound fertilizer H, T2: compound fertilizer A, T3: compound fertilizer B, T4: compound fertilizer C. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The fertilizer was mixed with the soil and then filled into the column. 3g of fertilizer was used for each soil column, and then 300mL of water was leached each time; leaching was carried out every three days, and the leachate was collected each time to determine the nitrogen and phosphorus content of the soil leachate, so as to determine the movement state of the fertilizer in the soil. During the experiment, the fertilizer was leached 10 times, and the leachate was taken to detect the content of nitrogen and phosphorus elements. The relevant results are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 .

[0051] from Figure 1The results showed that the control treatment, using conventional 15-15-15 fertilizer, had a maximum cumulative nitrogen content of 67.1 mg in 10 leachates, higher than in the other treatments. This suggests that fertilizer synergists can help reduce nitrogen leaching losses and improve fertilizer utilization. The nitrogen leaching rate in treatment T2 was much lower than in treatment T1, indicating that the formulation of the present invention enhances the stability of DMPP, thereby enabling DMPP to better inhibit nitrification. The nitrogen leaching rate in treatment T2 was lower than in treatments T3 and T4, respectively, indicating that the formulation of DMPP, polyaspartate, and polyepoxysuccinate can synergistically improve nitrogen utilization efficiency.

[0052] from Figure 2 The results showed that the control treatment used a standard 15-15-15 fertilizer, and the cumulative phosphorus content in 10 leachings was 3.6 mg, far lower than the 5.1 mg of the T2 synergistic compound fertilizer. Due to the poor mobility of phosphorus in the soil, the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer is generally low. In this experiment, the treatments with the fertilizer synergist increased the amount of phosphorus leaching, indicating that the distance phosphorus moved was significantly increased, which is beneficial for the root system to absorb and utilize phosphorus, and improves phosphorus utilization efficiency. The phosphorus leaching amount in the T1 treatment was close to that of the control, indicating that the nitrification inhibitor has little effect on fertilizer phosphorus. The phosphorus leaching amount in the T3 and T4 treatments was significantly lower than that in the T2 treatment, indicating that potassium polyaspartate and polyepoxysuccinate have a synergistic effect in improving the mobility of phosphate, which is better than using a single component and can further improve phosphorus utilization efficiency.

[0053] The test results showed that the addition of the new fertilizer synergist significantly reduced nitrogen loss and increased phosphorus mobility in the soil. This suggests that the organic combination of the nitrification inhibitor and the phosphate fertilizer synergist in the new fertilizer synergist synergistically reduced fertilizer loss and fixation, thereby improving fertilizer utilization.

[0054] 2. Crop pot test

[0055] A potted wheat experiment was conducted to further illustrate the effect of the new synergist on soil phosphorus and nitrogen by measuring wheat nitrogen absorption, phosphorus absorption and yield.

[0056] The test soil was brown soil, and the wheat variety was Jimai 22. Ten treatments were tested, each replicated four times. Each pot contained 10 kg of soil, with a soil depth of approximately 60 cm. Eight wheat seeds were sown in each pot. The 10 treatments were: CK (no fertilizer); T1 (15-15-15 standard compound fertilizer); T2 (compound fertilizer H); T3 (compound fertilizer A); T4 (compound fertilizer B); T5 (compound fertilizer C); T6 (compound fertilizer D); T7 (compound fertilizer E); T8 (compound fertilizer F); and T9 (compound fertilizer G). Each pot received 5 g of fertilizer. All treatments employed identical field management procedures for sowing, watering, and post-harvest testing. Wheat yield, aboveground nitrogen uptake, and phosphorus uptake were measured post-harvest for each treatment, and nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiencies were calculated.

[0057] After wheat harvest, the biomass of the upper plants in each area and the nitrogen content of the plants were measured. The nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency was calculated by measuring the nitrogen uptake by the aboveground parts of the wheat in the blank no-fertilization treatment. Nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate = (nitrogen uptake by plants in the nitrogen-applied area - nitrogen uptake by plants in the non-nitrogen-applied area) / nitrogen application amount × 100%; phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate = (phosphorus uptake by plants in the phosphorus-applied area - phosphorus uptake by plants in the non-phosphorus-applied area) / phosphorus application amount × 100%.

[0058] The nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency of wheat under different fertilization treatments are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Table 1 Nitrogen uptake by aboveground parts of plants and nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate in the season under different fertilization treatments

[0060]

[0061] As shown in Table 1, the nitrogen utilization efficiency of wheat using conventional 15-15-15 compound fertilizer was only 29.3%. Fertilizer T2, treated with the synergist DMPP, achieved a nitrogen utilization efficiency of 36%, a 22.9% increase compared to conventional fertilizer. Fertilizer T3, treated with the novel synergist A, achieved a nitrogen utilization efficiency of 57.3%, a 95.6% increase compared to conventional fertilizer. The nitrogen utilization efficiencies of T4 and T5, at 44% and 46.7%, respectively, were lower than those of T3. This suggests that the specific ratios of polyepoxysuccinate, polyaspartate, and DMPP contained in the novel fertilizer synergist significantly increased wheat yield and nitrogen accumulation through a synergistic effect, thereby improving nitrogen utilization efficiency. However, T6-T8 demonstrate that polyepoxysuccinate and polyaspartate exhibit beneficial synergistic effects only at the specific addition amounts of the present invention. T9 demonstrates that changing the type of polymer salt eliminates the synergistic effect of polyepoxysuccinate and polyaspartate, resulting in a less effective synergist.

[0062] The phosphorus accumulation and phosphorus use efficiency of wheat under different fertilization treatments are shown in Table 2.

[0063] Table 2 Phosphorus uptake by aboveground parts of plants and phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate in the season under different fertilization treatments

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] As shown in Table 2, the phosphorus utilization rate of wheat using conventional 15-15-15 fertilizer T1 was only 4.6%. Using fertilizer T2, enhanced with DMPP, the phosphorus utilization rate was 6.1%. This is because the plant's nitrogen absorption rate increased, leading to improved phosphorus utilization efficiency. Using fertilizer T3, enhanced with the novel synergist, the phosphorus utilization rate of wheat increased by 178.2% compared to conventional fertilizer. The phosphorus utilization rates of T4 and T5 were 8.9% and 9.3%, respectively, both lower than that of T3. This suggests that the synergistic ingredients contained in the novel fertilizer synergist, such as polyepoxysuccinate, polyaspartate, and DMPP, significantly increased crop yield and phosphorus utilization through a synergistic effect. However, T6-T8 demonstrate that polyepoxysuccinate and polyaspartate only exhibit beneficial synergistic effects when added in the specific amounts described in the present invention. T9 demonstrates that changing the type of polymer salt eliminates the synergistic effect of polyepoxysuccinate and polyaspartate, resulting in a less effective synergist.

[0067] Furthermore, the wheat yield in the T3 treatment with compound fertilizer A was significantly higher than that in the other treatments. These results suggest that the use of novel fertilizer synergists can significantly improve the fertilizer utilization rate of wheat during the current season. Fertilizers enhanced with novel fertilizer synergists simultaneously enhance both nitrogen and phosphorus content. Through the synergistic effect of multiple substances in the formula, this significantly increases the efficiency of crop absorption and utilization of various elements, thereby promoting increased crop yields.

Claims

1. A fertilizer synergist, characterized in that The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of a nitrification inhibitor, 10-25 parts of polyaspartate, 30-50 parts of polyepoxysuccinate, and 1-10 parts of trace elements; the nitrification inhibitor is a mixture of 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate and a phosphoric acid aqueous solution, the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 85wt%, and the molar ratio of the 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate to the phosphoric acid in the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 1:0.3-0.8; the polyaspartate is potassium polyaspartate and / or sodium polyaspartate; and the polyepoxysuccinate is sodium polyepoxysuccinate and / or potassium polyepoxysuccinate.

2. The fertilizer synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that The viscosity average molecular weight of the polyaspartate is 5000-6000.

3. The fertilizer synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that The solid content of the polyepoxy succinate is 35-40 wt %, and the viscosity average molecular weight of the polyepoxy succinate is 600-800.

4. The fertilizer synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that The trace elements are one or a combination of two or more of EDTA chelated manganese, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated iron, boric acid, ammonium heptamolybdate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, and anhydrous copper sulfate.

5. A method for preparing the fertilizer synergist according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps: The nitrification inhibitor, polyaspartate, polyepoxysuccinate and trace elements are uniformly mixed to obtain the product.

6. Use of the fertilizer synergist according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in granular fertilizers and liquid fertilizers.

7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that The application method in granular fertilizer is as follows: use the fertilizer synergist to spray the surface of the granular fertilizer, or use the roller equipment to spray and add it during the granulation process of the granular fertilizer, so that the fertilizer synergist adheres to the surface of the granular fertilizer. The amount of fertilizer synergist sprayed on the granular fertilizer product is 2-5kg / t.

8. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that The application method in liquid fertilizer is as follows: the fertilizer synergist is added to the liquid fertilizer and evenly added to the liquid fertilizer by stirring; the addition amount of the fertilizer synergist in the liquid fertilizer is 2-10kg / t.

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