A ring-shaped shock wave focusing detonating device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an annular shock wave focusing initiation device, which belongs to the field of combustion chamber initiation technology and is used to solve the problems of long DDT distance, long time to trigger detonation wave, and low success rate of triggering detonation wave in existing initiation technology. The device includes a focusing cavity and a coaxially arranged outer shell and inner liner; one end of the outer shell is closed by the focusing cavity; the spark plug interface and the premixed gas inlet on the outer shell are respectively connected to the flame splitting chamber on the inner liner; an annular flame acceleration chamber is formed between the outer shell and the inner liner; the flame splitting chamber has a binary tree structure, so that when the gas is ignited, the flame splits once or multiple times and is ejected from the flame jet hole to the annular flame acceleration chamber; the outer wall of the inner liner is provided with a plurality of annular fins arranged along the axial direction of the inner liner, so that the flame is accelerated to induce an annular shock wave to generate a detonation wave. The annular shock wave focusing initiation device of the present invention can be used for the initiation of a detonation wave combustion chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of combustion chamber detonation, in particular to an annular shock wave focusing detonation device. Background Art

[0002] A detonation engine is based on supersonic detonation combustion, a process with thermal cycle efficiency far exceeding that of conventional isobaric combustion. The detonation combustion process approximates isochoric combustion, resulting in high combustion velocities and reactant conversion rates. Furthermore, detonation engines offer advantages such as a wide operating range, low specific fuel consumption, and a simple structure. Therefore, they are considered one of the most promising new aerospace powerplants of the 21st century and are gaining popularity across various aerospace fields and industries.

[0003] Currently, there are two mainstream detonation engines: the rotating detonation engine (RDE) and the pulse detonation engine (PDE). However, both of these existing detonation engines have a technical difficulty: it is difficult to trigger the detonation wave efficiently, quickly, and stably.

[0004] There are many ways to trigger a detonation wave. The most common triggering methods can be divided into two categories based on the size of the triggering energy, namely direct initiation and indirect initiation. Among them, direct initiation consumes a lot of energy and has high requirements for the ignition device, making it more difficult in specific engineering applications. Relatively speaking, indirect initiation consumes less energy. However, the process of indirect initiation is a process of energy superposition and the transition from deflagration to detonation (DDT, Deflagration to Detonation transition), which requires the initiation device to be of sufficient length. However, existing indirect initiation technologies have problems such as difficulty in shortening the DDT distance, difficulty in reducing the time to trigger a detonation wave, and difficulty in improving the success rate of triggering a detonation wave. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a ring-shaped shock wave focusing detonation device in an effort to solve or at least alleviate at least one of the above problems.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, an annular shock wave focusing detonator is provided, which includes a focusing cavity, an outer shell and an inner liner, wherein the outer shell and the inner liner are coaxially arranged; one end of the outer shell is closed by the focusing cavity; a spark plug interface and a premixed gas inlet are provided on the outer shell; a flame splitting chamber is provided on the inner liner; the spark plug interface and the premixed gas inlet are respectively connected to the flame splitting chamber; an annular flame acceleration chamber is formed between the outer shell and the inner liner; the flame splitting chamber has a binary tree structure, When the gas introduced into the premixed gas inlet is ignited, the ignited flame undergoes one or more splits through the binary tree structure in the flame splitting chamber, and then is ejected from the flame jet hole to the annular flame acceleration cavity; wherein each splitting causes the single flame to develop into two independent branch flames; a plurality of annular fins are provided on the outer wall of the liner, and the plurality of annular fins are arranged along the axial direction of the liner, so as to accelerate the flame entering the annular flame acceleration cavity through the action of the plurality of annular fins, so as to induce an annular shock wave to generate a detonation wave.

[0007] Furthermore, the other end of the shell is connected to the liner by assembling the inner thread of the shell and the outer thread of the liner, and the outer thread of the shell at this end is used to connect to the combustion chamber to achieve fixation between the entire detonator and the combustion chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, both ends of the liner are open, and one end provided with an external thread of the liner is used to communicate with the combustion chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the binary tree splitting structure of the flame splitting chamber includes n levels of splitting nodes; at each splitting node of each level, the upstream flow path corresponding to the node is symmetrically divided into two downstream flow paths through the node; so that the flame is finally split from the initial single flame into two n A branch flame.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of the annular fins is at least 6.

[0011] Furthermore, the length of the outer thread of the outer shell is at least half of the outer diameter of the outer shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the lengths of the inner thread of the outer shell and the outer thread of the liner are at least half of the outer diameter of the liner.

[0013] Furthermore, the focusing cavity adopts a concave cavity structure.

[0014] The annular shock wave focusing detonator of the present invention uses a single low-energy spark plug to trigger an annular flame and utilizes the annular shock wave focusing reflection induced by flame acceleration to provide a detonation wave short-distance and fast triggering detonation device.

[0015] The annular shock wave focusing detonator of the present invention uses a single low-energy spark plug to trigger the flame in the flame splitting chamber, reducing the energy consumption required for the reaction. Through the binary tree structure flow channel, the flame is split from one stream into n streams (n is the number of flame jet holes, Figure 4 Take n=4 as an example). When n is larger, the flame entering the annular flame acceleration cavity is closer to the annular flame, so that the flame in the annular flame acceleration cavity can induce a symmetrical annular shock wave as early as possible. The symmetrical annular shock wave is focused and reflected on the focusing cavity to obtain the highest focusing pressure, causing a local explosion. When the intensity of the symmetrical annular shock wave is sufficient, it can directly trigger a detonation wave. When the intensity is insufficient, the pressure change caused by the local explosion increases the propagation speed of the flame, allowing the flame to quickly catch up with the leading shock wave and trigger a detonation wave. Therefore, the binary tree structure in the annular flame generator induces a symmetrical annular shock wave earlier, shortens the distance and time of the DDT to a certain extent, and increases the success rate of triggering the detonation wave. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] To achieve the above and related purposes, certain illustrative aspects are described herein in conjunction with the following description and accompanying drawings, which indicate various ways in which the principles disclosed herein may be practiced, and all aspects and their equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claimed subject matter. The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent by reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Throughout this disclosure, the same reference numerals generally refer to the same parts or elements.

[0017] Figure 1 A front cross-sectional view showing an annular shock wave focusing detonator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 1. A front sectional view and a left side view of section A of a housing of an annular shock wave focusing detonator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A front sectional view and a left side view of section B of the inner liner of the annular shock focusing detonator according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown;

[0020] Figure 4 To show Figure 3 An expanded view of the liner is shown;

[0021] Figure 5 To show Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the binary tree splitting structure of the flame splitting chamber shown;

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram showing various fork tree structures;

[0023] Figure 7 Schematic diagram showing binary tree symmetric focusing;

[0024] Figure 8 Schematic diagram showing triple-tree asymmetric focusing.

[0025] In the figure: 1-focusing cavity, 2-spark plug interface, 3-premixed gas inlet, 4-flame splitting chamber, 5-housing external thread, 6-housing internal thread, 7-housing, 8-lining, 9-annular flame acceleration cavity, 10-annular fin, 11-lining external thread, 12-flame jet hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0027] An embodiment of the present invention provides an annular shock wave focusing and initiating device, comprising a focusing chamber, an outer shell, and an inner liner, the outer shell and the inner liner being coaxially arranged; one end of the outer shell is enclosed by the focusing chamber; the outer shell is provided with a spark plug interface and a premixed gas inlet; the inner liner is provided with a flame splitting chamber; the spark plug interface and the premixed gas inlet are respectively connected to the flame splitting chamber; an annular flame acceleration chamber is formed between the outer shell and the inner liner; the flame splitting chamber has a binary tree structure, so that when gas entering the premixed gas inlet is ignited, the ignited flame undergoes one or more splits within the flame splitting chamber through the binary tree structure, and then is ejected from the flame jet holes into the annular flame acceleration chamber; each splitting causes a single flame to develop into two independent branch flames; a plurality of annular fins are provided on the outer wall of the inner liner, the plurality of annular fins being arranged axially along the inner liner, and configured to accelerate the flame entering the annular flame acceleration chamber by the action of the plurality of annular fins, thereby inducing an annular shock wave to generate a detonation wave.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a ring-shaped shock wave focusing detonation device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the annular shock wave focusing detonator includes a focusing cavity 1, an outer shell 7 and an inner liner 8, and the outer shell 7 and the inner liner 8 are coaxially arranged.

[0030] As an example, the outer shell 7 and the inner liner 8 are tubular structures.

[0031] Figure 2 The main cross-sectional view and the left side view of section A of the housing 7 of the annular shock wave focusing detonator are shown.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , one end of the housing 7 (such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The left end (shown as a figure) is enclosed by a focusing chamber 1. A spark plug interface 2 and a premixed gas inlet 3 are provided on the housing 7. The spark plug interface 2 is used to connect to an external low-energy spark plug, while the premixed gas inlet 3 is used to receive a premixed gas, which includes fuel gas and air or oxygen (as an example of an oxidant). For example, the premixed gas can be ignited by connecting a mJ-class automotive spark plug (as an example of a low-energy spark plug).

[0033] Figure 3 The diagram shows a front cross-sectional view of the inner liner 8 and a left side view of section B of the annular shock wave focusing detonator. Figure 4 An expanded view of the above-mentioned liner 8 is shown.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the flame splitting chamber 4 is provided on the lining 8. Figure 1 The spark plug interface 2 and the premixed gas inlet 3 are each connected to the flame splitting chamber 4. An annular flame acceleration chamber 9 is formed between the outer shell 7 and the inner liner 8. After entering the flame splitting chamber 4, the premixed gas is ignited by the low-energy spark plug. The ignited flame is emitted from the outlet of the flame splitting chamber 4 (i.e., the flame jet hole) and enters the annular flame acceleration chamber 9.

[0035] In this embodiment, the flame splitting chamber 4 can be set to a split structure, that is, in the process from the inlet flow channel of the flame splitting chamber 4 (i.e., the place connected to the spark plug interface 2 and the premixed gas inlet 3) to the outlet flow channel (i.e., the flame jet hole), one inlet flow channel is split one by one until it is finally divided into multiple outlet flow channels.

[0036] In one example, the flame splitting chamber 4 may have a Figure 4 The binary tree structure shown, Figure 5 An example of two-level splitting of the above binary tree splitting structure is shown.

[0037] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the above binary tree splitting structure may include n levels of splitting nodes; at each splitting node at each level, the upstream flow path corresponding to the node is symmetrically divided into two downstream flow paths through the node; wherein the i-th level splitting node includes 2 i-1 nodes, i = 1, 2, ..., n, so that the flame is eventually split from the initial single flame into two nBranch flame; n is the splitting level of the binary tree splitting structure, and n is an integer greater than 0.

[0038] In this way, when the gas introduced into the premixed gas inlet 3 is ignited, the ignited flame is split once or multiple times through the binary tree structure in the flame splitting chamber 4, and then ejected from the flame jet hole 12 to the annular flame acceleration chamber 9, wherein each splitting causes the single flame to develop into two independent branch flames.

[0039] exist Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the example shown, n is 2, that is, the example includes 2 levels of split nodes, wherein the first level of split nodes includes 1 node (such as Figure 5 q1 shown), the second-level split node includes 2 nodes (such as Figure 5 Thus, the flame is split from the initial single flame into two through the first-stage splitting node q1, and then through the second-stage splitting nodes q21 and q22, the flame is split from the initial single flame into four, and then ejected from the four flame jet holes 12. Figure 4 、 Figure 5 The binary tree splitting structure shown includes two levels of splitting. However, in other embodiments of the present invention, the flame splitting chamber 4 may also have one level of splitting or more than two levels of splitting, which will not be described in detail here.

[0040] also, Figure 6 A schematic diagram for comparing various fork tree structures is given. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing binary tree symmetric focusing, and Figure 8 Schematic diagram showing triple-tree asymmetric focusing.

[0041] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that compared with the ternary tree, quadtree and M-tree (M is, for example, five or a higher integer), the binary tree structure has strict geometric symmetry. If the flame propagation path in the flame splitting chamber is designed as the binary tree structure, it means that the two flames split from one flame have the same propagation path length, and the split flames can enter the annular flame acceleration cavity at the same time, forming a symmetrical annular flame. At this time, the annular flame surface is perpendicular to the central axis of the detonator at all places, and the shock wave induced by the flame acceleration is also perpendicular to the central axis (normal shock wave), as shown in FIG. Figure 7 The symmetrical shock wave focused collision generates the greatest pressure, thus ensuring the successful triggering of the detonation wave, as shown in the figure. Figure 7 On the contrary, if the flame propagation path in the flame splitting chamber is designed as an asymmetric structure such as a three-branch tree, the flame propagation path lengths are different, the split flames cannot enter the annular flame acceleration chamber at the same time, and the plane of the formed annular flame is not perpendicular to the central axis of the detonator, as shown in FIG. Figure 8As shown at time t1 in the figure, the tilted annular shock wave is asymmetrically focused, as shown in Figure 8 As shown in the figure at time t2, the maximum focusing pressure will be weakened at this time, and successful detonation cannot be guaranteed.

[0042] Therefore, compared with multi-branch tree splitting structures with higher than binary branches such as ternary trees, the binary tree splitting structure can significantly improve the detonation success rate of the detonation wave.

[0043] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of annular fins 10 are provided on the outer wall of the liner 8, and the plurality of annular fins 10 are arranged along the axial direction of the liner 8, so as to accelerate the flame entering the annular flame acceleration chamber 9 through the action of the plurality of annular fins 10, so as to induce an annular shock wave to generate a detonation wave.

[0044] As an example, the number of the annular fins 10 is at least 6.

[0045] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 , the other end of the housing 7 (such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The right end shown in the figure) can, for example, be connected to the liner 8 by assembling the inner thread 6 of the outer shell and the outer thread 11 of the inner liner, and the outer thread 5 of the outer shell at this end is used to be connected to the combustion chamber to achieve fixation and connection between the entire detonator and the combustion chamber.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, both ends of the lining 8 are open, and the end of the lining 8 provided with the lining external thread 11 (i.e. Figure 1 、 Figure 3 The right end shown) is used to communicate with the combustion chamber.

[0047] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The length l1 of the outer shell thread 5 of the housing 7 is, for example, at least half of the outer diameter D1 of the housing 7. l1 is, for example, less than 15 times the outer diameter of the housing.

[0048] Furthermore, the length l2 of the shell internal thread 6 of the shell 7 and the length l3 of the liner external thread 11 of the liner 8 are, for example, equal. The length l2 of the shell internal thread 6 and the length l3 of the liner external thread 11 can, for example, be at least half of the outer diameter D2 of the liner 8. l2 and l3 are, for example, smaller than the outer diameter D1 of the shell 7.

[0049] As an example, the focusing cavity 1 adopts a concave cavity structure.

[0050] In the prior art, if one wishes to directly ignite a detonation wave within a detonation combustion chamber using low-activity fuels (e.g., methane) or liquid fuels (e.g., kerosene, gasoline, and diesel), i.e., direct initiation, the required triggering energy consumption is generally in the order of megajoules or higher. In contrast, the annular shock wave focusing initiation device according to the embodiment of the present invention, because it only requires igniting a slow-burning flame initially, requires a much lower initial triggering energy cost (only millijoules) to form a stable detonation wave, significantly reducing initial energy consumption.

[0051] Furthermore, compared to detonators with large-scale circular obstacles placed within the main flow channel, the annular shock wave focusing detonator according to an embodiment of the present invention only places small-scale fins on one side of the annular flame acceleration chamber where the shock wave is formed, effectively avoiding the flow losses generated after the detonation wave is formed. This is because, on the one hand, the flow losses generated by detonators with large-scale circular obstacles placed within the main flow channel may cause the formation location of the detonation wave to be random and difficult to predict; on the other hand, it also causes the formed detonation wave to be unstable. The reflection and obstruction effect of the large-scale circular obstacle will weaken the coupling between the reaction surface and the leading shock wave in the detonation wave, which may lead to direct annihilation of the detonation wave or periodic detonation annihilation-re-detonation phenomenon.

[0052] Next, combine Figures 1-4 A preferred embodiment of the annular shock wave focusing detonator according to the present invention is described below.

[0053] In this preferred embodiment, the annular shock wave focusing detonator includes twelve components: a focusing cavity 1, a spark plug interface 2, a premixed gas inlet 3, a flame splitting chamber 4, an outer shell thread 5, an inner shell thread 6, an outer shell 7, an inner liner 8, an annular flame acceleration cavity 9, annular fins 10, an inner liner outer thread 11 and a flame jet hole 12.

[0054] In the following, for the sake of convenience, the left side is used as the end without threads of the outer shell 1 and the liner 8, and the right side is used as the end with threads of the outer shell 1 and the liner 8 for exemplary description. It should be understood that in actual applications, the device itself can select any end (or one side) as the above-mentioned left side, and the remaining other end (or the other side) as the right side.

[0055] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the left side of the shell 1 is enclosed by the focusing cavity 1, and the right side is assembled by the shell internal thread 6 and the liner external thread 10 to connect the shell and the liner. The shell and the liner are coaxially arranged, and then connected to the combustion chamber by the shell external thread 5 to achieve the fixation of the entire device and the combustion chamber.

[0056] The inner liner 8 is open on the left and right sides, and the right end is connected to the combustion chamber. An annular flame acceleration chamber 9 is formed between the outer shell 7 and the inner liner 8.

[0057] An annular flame generator 4 , annular fins 9 and an inner liner external thread 11 are provided on the inner liner 8 .

[0058] The housing 7 is provided with a spark plug interface 2 and a premixed gas inlet 3. The spark plug is fed into the flame splitting chamber 4 of the liner 8 through the spark plug interface. Premixed gas can enter the flame splitting chamber 4 of the liner 8 through the premixed gas inlet 3 and fill the entire detonator. Flame jet holes 12 inject the flame into the annular flame acceleration chamber 9.

[0059] The working process and principle of the above-mentioned annular shock wave focusing detonator are described below.

[0060] The combustible gas (fuel hydrogen, methane, acetylene, etc., oxygen, air, etc.) is introduced into the flame splitting chamber through the combustible gas port (i.e., the premixed gas inlet 3 mentioned above), and the combustible gas flows through the binary tree flow path of the flame splitting chamber to fill the entire detonator. The spark plug interface is connected to a low-energy spark plug (such as a car spark plug) to ignite the premixed gas. The ignited flame is split by the binary tree structure in the flame splitting chamber. Each split causes the single flame to develop into two independent branch flames. When the flame splits n times, the initial flame eventually develops into two independent branch flames. n The branched flames can reduce the formation time of the annular flame and induce an annular shock wave as early as possible. Furthermore, the symmetrical structure of the flame jet holes means that the flame-induced annular shock wave is also symmetrical, resulting in a normal collision of the annular shock waves in the focusing cavity. This maximizes the focused pressure and the likelihood of triggering a detonation wave. After entering the annular flame acceleration cavity, the annular fin structure within the annular flame acceleration cavity causes pressure changes within the cavity, accelerating the flame's propagation. Within the concave focusing cavity, when the shock wave's focusing intensity is sufficient, the annular shock wave can trigger a small-scale explosion locally through focused collision and focused reflection from the cavity walls, directly triggering a detonation wave. When the shock wave's focusing intensity is insufficient, the pressure changes generated by the explosion accelerate the flame's propagation, allowing the flame to quickly catch up with the leading shock wave and couple with it, forming a supersonic chemical reaction zone. The highly compressed premixed gas from the leading shock is burned by the following flame, releasing heat, which can also trigger a detonation wave. The above two aspects can improve the success rate of the detonation wave and shorten the distance and time of DDT.

[0061] As mentioned above, in the existing direct detonation technology, the ignition energy of the two-phase detonation combustion chamber using low-activity fuel (such as methane or liquid fuel diesel, kerosene, etc.) needs to be at least in the megajoule level, while the ignition energy required for the annular shock wave focusing detonator proposed in this patent only requires an initial energy consumption of the millijoule level.

[0062] In summary, the annular shock wave focusing ignition device according to an embodiment of the present invention has a spark plug interface and premixed gas vents on the outer shell, which flow into the inner lining of the flame splitting chamber, where the flame is triggered by a low-energy spark plug. In the annular shock wave focusing ignition device according to an embodiment of the present invention, a binary tree structure is present in the flame splitting chamber, which splits the flame step by step. When the number of splits is sufficient, the time it takes for the flame to induce a circular shock wave in the annular flame accelerator can be effectively reduced. The binary tree structure is symmetrical, so the flame-induced circular shock wave is a symmetrical circular shock wave. During focusing, the positive shock wave focusing of the symmetrical circular shock wave will achieve the maximum focusing pressure. When the annular shock wave is sufficiently strong, it can directly trigger a detonation wave. When the strength is insufficient, the pressure change caused by the explosion accelerates the flame's propagation speed, allowing the flame to quickly catch up with the annular shock wave, thereby triggering the detonation wave. Therefore, the above-mentioned device of the present invention can increase the success rate of detonation wave formation and reduce the time of the DDT process.

[0063] Similarly, it should be understood that in order to streamline the present disclosure and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the claims below, inventive aspects lie in less than all the features of the individual embodiments disclosed above. Accordingly, the claims that follow the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of the invention.

[0064] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules, units, or components of the devices in the examples disclosed herein may be arranged in the device described in the embodiment, or alternatively may be located in one or more devices different from the devices in the examples. The modules in the foregoing examples may be combined into one module or further divided into multiple submodules.

[0065] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the devices in the embodiments may be adaptively changed and arranged in one or more devices different from the embodiments. The modules or units or components in the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and in addition may be divided into multiple submodules or subunits or subcomponents. All features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device disclosed herein may be combined in any combination, except that at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature providing the same, equivalent or similar purpose.

[0066] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the present invention and to form different embodiments. For example, in the claims below, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

[0067] In addition, some of the embodiments are described herein as methods or combinations of method elements that can be implemented by a processor of a computer system or by other devices that perform the functions described. Thus, a processor having the necessary instructions for implementing the method or method element forms a device for implementing the method or method element. Furthermore, the elements described herein of the device embodiments are examples of devices for implementing the functions performed by the elements for the purpose of implementing the invention.

[0068] As used herein, unless otherwise specified, the use of ordinal numbers "first," "second," "third," etc. to describe common objects merely indicates that different instances of similar objects are involved and are not intended to imply that the objects so described must have a given order in time, space, ranking, or in any other manner.

[0069] Although the present invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art, having benefit of the foregoing description, that other embodiments are contemplated within the scope of the invention thus described. Furthermore, it should be noted that the language used in this specification has been selected primarily for readability and didactic purposes, rather than for the purpose of explaining or limiting the subject matter of the present invention. Consequently, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the appended claims. The disclosure of the present invention is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive of the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ring-shaped shock wave focusing detonator, characterized in that: The annular shock wave focusing detonator comprises a focusing cavity (1), an outer shell (7) and an inner liner (8), wherein the outer shell (7) and the inner liner (8) are coaxially arranged; One end of the outer shell (7) is closed by the focusing cavity (1); a spark plug interface (2) and a premixed gas inlet (3) are provided on the outer shell (7); a flame splitting chamber (4) is provided on the inner liner (8); the spark plug interface (2) and the premixed gas inlet (3) are respectively connected to the flame splitting chamber (4); An annular flame acceleration chamber (9) is formed between the outer shell (7) and the inner liner (8); The flame splitting chamber (4) has a binary tree structure, so that when the gas introduced into the premixed gas inlet (3) is ignited, the ignited flame undergoes one or more splits in the flame splitting chamber (4) through the binary tree structure and then is ejected from the flame jet hole (12) to the annular flame acceleration chamber (9); wherein each splitting causes a single flame to develop into two independent branch flames; A plurality of annular fins (10) are provided on the outer wall of the inner liner (8), and the plurality of annular fins (10) are arranged along the axial direction of the inner liner (8) so as to accelerate the flame entering the annular flame acceleration chamber (9) through the action of the plurality of annular fins (10), thereby inducing an annular shock wave to generate a detonation wave.

2. The annular shock wave focusing detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the shell (7) is connected to the liner (8) by assembling the shell internal thread (6) and the liner external thread (11), and the shell external thread (5) at this end is used to connect with the combustion chamber to achieve fixation between the entire detonator and the combustion chamber.

3. The annular shock wave focusing detonator according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the liner (8) are open, and one end provided with an inner liner external thread (11) is used to communicate with the combustion chamber.

4. The annular shock wave focusing detonator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The binary tree splitting structure of the flame splitting chamber (4) includes n-level splitting nodes; at each splitting node of each level, the upstream flow channel corresponding to the node is symmetrically divided into two downstream flow channels through the node; so that the flame is finally split from the initial single flame into two n A branch flame.

5. The annular shock wave focusing detonator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The number of the annular fins (10) is at least 6.

6. The annular shock wave focusing detonator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The length of the outer shell thread (5) of the outer shell (7) is at least half of the outer diameter of the outer shell (7).

7. The annular shock wave focusing detonator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The lengths of the shell internal thread (6) of the shell (7) and the liner external thread (11) of the liner (8) are at least half of the outer diameter of the liner (8).

8. The annular shock wave focusing detonator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The focusing cavity (1) adopts a concave cavity structure.

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